Separate Chapter Research Articles

НОВИЙ НАУКОВИЙ ВНЕСОК В ЕТНОЛОГІЮ РЕЛІГІЇ (Рецензія на монографію: Лозко Галина. Духовно-культурні трансформації українського суспільства: Етнорелігійний вимір. Миколаїв: Іліон, 2024. 444с.)

The young field of the ethnology of religion has been enriched by a new scientific achievement — a monograph by Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor Halyna Lozko, titled "Spiritual and Cultural Transformations of Ukrainian Society: An Ethnoreligious dimension" (Mykolaiv: Ilion, 2024. 444 pages). The researcher focuses on the changes taking place in Ukrainian society against the backdrop of the exhausting Russian-Ukrainian war. There is a growing spiritual and cultural interest in the native language, literary and artistic creativity, influenced by the "rediscovery" of ancestral faith. A separate chapter is dedicated to Ukrainian ethnoreligion in the context of the great war and the challenges of societal recognition of the traditional ethnoreligious confession. For the first time, a thesaurus of the ethnology of religion comprising 650 terms and concepts has been created. The book is intended for scholars, philosophers, religious studies experts, ethnologists, educators, students, and a broad audience interested in the interrelationship between ethnicity and religion.

Sleep regulation and host genetics.

Due to the multifactorial and complex nature of rest, we focus on phenotypes related to sleep. Sleep regulation is a multifactorial process. In this chapter, we focus on those phenotypes inherent to sleep that are highly prevalent in the population, and that can be modulated by lifestyle, such as sleep quality and duration, insomnia, restless leg syndrome and daytime sleepiness. We, therefore, leave in the background those phenotypes that constitute infrequent pathologies or for which the current level of scientific evidence does not favour the implementation of practical approaches of this type. Similarly, the regulation of sleep quality is intimately linked to the regulation of the circadian rhythm. Although this relationship is discussed in the sections that require it, the in-depth study of circadian rhythm regulation at the molecular level deserves a separate chapter, and this is how it is dealt with in this volume.

Модели управления рисками в области цифровой политики

The rapid development of digital technologies has dramatically transformed our lives, affecting everything from the economy to social relations and governance systems. Digital policies, including rules and guidelines for the use of digital technologies, have become a key area of focus for corporations and governments. As our dependence on digital infrastructure increases, so do the associated risks: cybersecurity threats, data breaches, privacy concerns, and ethical dilemmas associated with artificial intelligence and big data analytics. The article defines the term digital policy and forms the concepts of the object and subject of digital policy. A separate chapter identifies possible threats to digital policy, including ethical and inclusivity issues in the use of artificial intelligence. The author proposes a classification of threats in the field of digital policy. Existing models for risk management in digital policy are described, and the main standards on which digital security is based in many countries around the world. A comparison table for NIST, ISO/IEC 27001 and FSTEC standards (Laws No. 21 and No. 17) is provided. The experience and local legislation of the EU, the US, China and Russia are reviewed. The final chapter describes emerging trends for controlling risks in the digital environment.

Chitosan and its derivatives as promising plant protection tools.

In modern conditions, the increase in the yield of agricultural crops is provided not by expanding the areas of their cultivation, but mainly by introducing advanced technologies. The most effective strategy for this purpose is the development of genetically resistant and productive cultivars in combination with the use of a variety of plant protection products (PPPs). However, traditional, chemical PPPs, despite their effectiveness, have significant drawbacks, namely, pollution of environment, ecological damage, toxicity to humans. Recently, biological PPPs based on natural compounds have attracted more attention, since they do not have these disadvantages, but at the same time they can be no less effective. One of such agents is chitosan, a deacetylation product of chitin, one of the most common polysaccharides in nature. The high biological activity, biocompatibility, and safety of chitosan determine the breadth and effectiveness of its use in medicine, industry, and agrobiology. The review considers various mechanisms of action of chitosan as a biopesticide, including both a direct inhibitory effect on pathogens and the induction of plant internal defense systems as a result of chitosan binding to cell surface receptors. The effect of chitosan on the formation of resistance to the main classes of pathogens: fungi, bacteria, and viruses has been shown on a variety of plant objects. The review also discusses various ways of using chitosan: for the treatment of seeds, leaves, fruits, soil, as well as its specific biological effects corresponding to these ways. A separate chapter is devoted to protection products based on chitosan, obtained by its chemical modifications, or by means of combining of a certain molecular forms of chitosan with various substances that enhance its antipathogenic effect. The data presented in the review generally give an idea of chitosan and its derivatives as very effective and promising plant protection products and biostimulants.

PAROLE AS A SPECIAL MECHANISM OF RELEASE FROM PUNISHMENT IN MODERN GEORGIAN LAW

The presented article is dedicated to one of the special mechanisms of release from punishment in modern Georgian law – parole, it discusses the legal problems of using the benefit provided by this law, which is based on a deep analysis of practice and a small amount of scientific research, since the issue has not been thoroughly researched and has rarely been the subject of scientific research interest. The debate on the conditional release mechanism as an essential and necessary tool was initiated by the unfavourable state of the regulatory legislation, the existence of a heterogeneous practice on the part of the court, and the scarcity of modern Georgian juridical literature regarding the mentioned concept. This article aims to understand the parole mechanism in Georgia and in the example of some foreign countries, which will make the scientific research process even more interesting and diverse. It also aims to compare, evaluate and synthesize the results obtained from further research, including the mistakes of their usage in practice and the development of scientifically based recommendations to eliminate the mistakes in the parole regulations. Formal-logical, historical, formal-legal, dogmatic, comparative-legal, descriptive and systematic methods are used in researching the problem posed in a separate chapter of the article. The conclusions, provisions, and recommendations mentioned in the article can be used to improve the qualifications of the people interested in this topic and to find practical aid for the employees working in the field.

Evaluation of ‘implications for research’ statements in systematic reviews of interventions in advanced cancer patients – a meta-research study

BackgroundImplications for research (IfR) sections are an important part of systematic reviews (SRs) to inform health care researchers and policy makers. PRISMA 2020 recommends reporting IfR, while Cochrane Reviews require a separate chapter on IfR. However, it is unclear to what extent SRs discuss IfR.We aimed i) to assess whether SRs include an IfR statement and ii) to evaluate which elements informed IfR statements.MethodsWe conducted a meta-research study based on SRs of interventions in advanced cancer patients from a previous project (CRD42019134904).As suggested in the Cochrane Handbook, we assessed if the following predefined variables were referred to in IfR statements: patient, intervention, control, outcome (PICO) and study design; concepts underlying Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) domains: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, publication bias. Data were independently extracted by three reviewers after piloting the data extraction form. Discrepancies were resolved in weekly in-depth discussions.ResultsWe included 261 SRs. The majority evaluated a pharmacological intervention (n = 244, 93.5%); twenty-nine were Cochrane Reviews (11.1%).Four out of five SRs included an IfR statement (n = 210, 80.5%). IfR statements commonly addressed ‘intervention’ (n = 121, 57.6%), ‘patient ‘ (n = 113, 53.8%), and ‘study design’ (n = 107, 51.0%). The most frequent PICO and study design combinations were ‘patient and intervention ‘ (n = 71, 33.8%) and ‘patient, intervention and study design ‘ (n = 34, 16.2%).Concepts underlying GRADE domains were rarely used for informing IfR recommendations: ‘risk of bias ‘ (n = 2, 1.0%), and ‘imprecision ‘ (n = 1, 0.5%), ‘inconsistency ‘ (n = 1, 0.5%).Additional elements informing IfR were considerations on cost effectiveness (n = 9, 4.3%), reporting standards (n = 4, 1.9%), and individual patient data meta-analysis (n = 4, 1.9%).ConclusionAlthough about 80% of SRs included an IfR statement, the reporting of PICO elements varied across SRs. Concepts underlying GRADE domains were rarely used to derive IfR. Further work needs to assess the generalizability beyond SRs in advanced cancer patients. We suggest that more specific guidance on which and how IfR elements to report in SRs of interventions needs to be developed. Utilizing PICO elements and concepts underlying GRADE according to the Cochrane Handbook to state IfR seems to be a reasonable approach in the interim.RegistrationCRD42019134904.

Consideration As A Criminal Sanction

In the list of types of liability traditionally distinguished in the legal system of Armenia, procedural, including criminal, liability was not included. The 1998 edition of the RA Criminal Procedure Code also lacked the concepts of “criminal liability” or “judicial sanction”, but separate procedural norms contained procedural liability measures. When judicial sanctions were first introduced into the judicial system of the Republic of Armenia, the reprimand type sanction was identified with a warning in a certain content sense. Thus, on 21.02.2007 The concept of “judicial sanction” was established for the first time by the RA Judicial Code. On the same day in 1998 RA Cr. judge Or. was supplemented by Article 314.1, which included the warning in the system of judicial sanctions. 07.02.2018 In the RA Judicial Code, the warning as a judicial sanction was replaced by a reprimand; however, along with the “reprimand” judicial sanction, the same law also provided a provision on warning about the jurisdiction to apply a judicial sanction, according to which the judge warns in an understandable manner about the jurisdiction of the court to apply a judicial sanction, if necessary. as well as clarification of the grounds and consequences of applying a judicial sanction (Part 2 of Article 49 of the RA Judicial Code). It is obvious from the mentioned wording that the warning is not a judicial sanction in terms of content, but a clarification about the possibility of applying a judicial sanction, a warning is an act preceding the application of a judicial sanction. Already adopted in 2021 by the RA Court: a separate chapter on procedural sanctions was provided. With that, the reprimand was also included in the system of procedural sanctions, which, as a more or less new procedural sanction, needs to be studied from the point of view of the most effective interpretation in legal practice.

CIM-11 (OMS) : nouvelle révision et impact de la classification onusienne en psychiatrie

ObjectivesAfter more than 20 years of work, the World Health Organization's efforts have culminated in the adoption of the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The process has been guided by the principles of global applicability, scientific validity, and clinical utility. The update of the chapter on mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders (MBND) within the ICD-11 has generated widespread interest worldwide. This has raised various questions about the status of mental disorder nosology, changes to diagnostic guidelines, and the potential implications for clinical practice. MethodsWe conducted a narrative analysis of the literature in four different languages to track the various stages of the ICD-11 revision and to highlight the major changes. We searched databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, and consulted the official websites of the WHO, APA, and UNICEF. A total of 79 articles from 40 different editorials and websites were analyzed and included in this study. ResultsThe new chapters on mental disorders in the ICD-11 include 21 groups, as opposed to the 11 in the ICD-10. The changes aim to align the diagnoses with those of the DSM-5 and introduce a new chapter structure, new diagnostic categories, modifications to diagnostic criteria, and advancements in dimensionality. For the first time in the history of the ICD, sleep and wakefulness disorders, as well as disorders related to sexual health, have been addressed in separate chapters of the international classification. Four new diagnoses have been added: complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), gaming disorder, prolonged grief disorder, and compulsive sexual behavior which replaces “excessive sexual activity” in the ICD-10. Moreover, the ICD-11 revision has brought about a fundamental change in the clinical conceptualization of addictive behaviors, introducing a distinction between substance use disorders and addictive behaviors. The criteria for many existing conditions have been revised, particularly those related to bipolar disorders, eating disorders, and gender identity disorders. ConclusionsThe revision process for mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders in the ICD-11 has witnessed unprecedented participation in the history of mental disorder classification. These changes could have a significant impact on clinical practice in psychiatry. However, it is crucial to examine the advantages and limitations of this new classification compared to previous versions.

Doota adhyaya of Bhela indriya sthana - An explorative study

‘Maharshi Bhela’ belongs to samhita period (100 BC - 400 BC) and he has composed an Ayurvedic treatise known as ‘Bhela samhita’. Bhela samhita is divided in to 8 sections and 120 chapters. Indriya sthana is one among the 8 sections of ‘Bhela samhita’ and it comprised of 12 chapters. Like ‘Indriya sthanas’ of other ancient Ayurvedic texts, ‘Bhela indriya sthana’ also deals with arishta lakshanas (fatal signs and symptoms) and other prognostic aspects. ‘Doota adhyaya’ is the 8th chapter of ‘Bhela indriya sthana’ which comprises of 16 verses dealing with estimation of prognosis based on the characteristic features of caregiver (doota). Estimating prognosis based on the phenotypic characteristics of caregiver is the unique contribution of Ayurveda and ‘Maharshi Bhela’ has allotted a separate chapter for this in ‘Indriya sthana’ (doota adhyaya). The contents of ‘doota adhyaya’ are unique and needs further in-depth exploration. Previous works conducted on ‘Charaka indriya sthana’ and ‘Bhela indriya sthana’ have explored various neglected concepts having prognostic importance. Studies on ‘Doota adhyaya’ of ‘Bhela indriya sthana’ have been lacking and the present study is aimed to explore the contents of this chapter in terms of their prognostic significance. Thousands of years ago, ‘Maharshi Bhela’ has identified and documented concepts like caregiver burden & distress, factors determining the impact of caregiving on caregivers, desirable or positive personality characteristics of a caregiver and their influence on prognosis and role and impact of geographical, cultural, economic, social and personality characteristics of a caregiver on caregiving and prognosis of a disease condition of the patient or care recipient. Concepts of ‘Jyotishya shastra’ (astrology) and ‘Nimitta’ or ‘Shakuna shastra (astrology of omens)’ were also incorporated in assessing the prognosis. Further works are required to establish the facts mentioned in this chapter.

Newly Recognized Genetic Tumor Syndromes of the CNS in the 5th WHO Classification: Imaging Overview with Genetic Updates.

The nervous system is commonly involved in a wide range of genetic tumor-predisposition syndromes. The classification of genetic tumor syndromes has evolved during the past years; however, it has now become clear that these syndromes can be categorized into a relatively small number of major mechanisms, which form the basis of the new 5th edition of the World Health Organization book (beta online version) on genetic tumor syndromes. For the first time, the World Health Organization has also included a separate chapter on genetic tumor syndromes in the latest edition of all the multisystem tumor series, including the 5th edition of CNS tumors. Our understanding of these syndromes has evolved rapidly since the previous edition (4th edition, 2016) with recognition of 8 new syndromes, including the following: Elongator protein complex-medulloblastoma syndrome, BRCA1-associated protein 1 tumor-predisposition syndrome, DICER1 syndrome, familial paraganglioma syndrome, melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome, Carney complex, Fanconi anemia, and familial retinoblastoma. This review provides a description of these new CNS tumor syndromes with a focus on imaging and genetic characteristics.

다자간환경협정상의 역량강화 및 기술이전에 관한 연구

Environmental problems of a global nature, such as climate change, are urgent challenges that pose a threat not only to developing countries but also to developed countries. Therefore, in order to effectively implement Multilateral Environmental Agreements(MEAs), developed countries must take the lead and also support developing countries. Supporting developing countries that are having difficulty implementing the agreement is an essential elements as it determines the success or failure of the treaty.
 In order to effectively implement MEAs, it is necessary to establish a system to support developing countries to fulfill the environmental obligations they have accepted through technical and financial support. In particular, the international community needs to provide support to countries (mainly developing countries) that agree to the conclusion of treaties to solve specific environmental problems but do not have or lack the capacity to solve them.
 There are a number of means to support effective implementation of MEAs. Main means include financial support, technology transfer, and capacity building activities for developing countries. Looking at recent trends, provisions related to strengthening the implementation capacity of developing countries through technology transfer and financial support are gaining an important place in MEAs. Without appropriate capacity building and technology transfer, it is difficult to effectively achieve the main objectives of the relevant international environmental agreement. From this perspective, capacity building and technology transfer are essential elements for effective implementation of international environmental agreements.
 In the 2015 Paris Agreement, a treaty structure that stipulated technology transfer and capacity building in stand-alone provision(article) emerged, and in the BBNJ Agreement concluded in 2023, content related to capacity building and technology transfer was grouped into a separate chapter(Part). It has an impressive treaty structure, stipulating a total of seven articles. Capacity building and technology transfer form part of the global environmental governance architecture established by the relevant MEAs.
 In this article, I analyze the relevant provisions of major MEAs, focusing on capacity building through technology transfer for effective implementation of MEAs. First, we analyze regulations related to capacity building and technology transfer, focusing on the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which deal with biodiversity and climate change, which are the most important issues in the international environmental field in the 21st century. Next, I examine the structure and content of the capacity building and technology transfer provisions of the BBNJ Agreement, which was recently adopted in 2023, as the treaty with the most impressive capacity building and technology transfer provisions. The structure and content of the capacity-building and technology transfer provisions of the BBNJ Agreement, which can be evaluated as a model for desirable capacity-building and technology transfer-related regulations in the future, will also have a significant impact on the UN Plastic Treaty, which is expected to be concluded as a new international environmental agreement.

Legislative perspectives of ensuring public control over the observance of the rights of convicts in Ukraine

The study conducted an analysis of the concept of public control over the observance of the rights of convicted persons in the field of enforcement of sentences and parole. On the basis of the use of general methods and reflective points of view, the definition of public control over the observance of the rights of convicted persons was formulated. In addition, the use of separate special scientific methods provides arguments for the expediency of making changes in the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine, by enshrining in it a separate chapter that would regulate legal relations in the sphere of public control and on the sphere of observance of the rights and interests of convicted persons in places of punishment; as well as a separate article that would define the content, forms and types of public control over the functioning of bodies and institutions of execution of punishment and probation. It was concluded on the necessity of observance of the rights and legitimate interests of a person in the sphere of execution of punishment and probation, since, by their nature, they do not belong to public associations.

Metal Complexes in the Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymers: Achievements and Prospects.

This review describes recent advances in the synthesis of homopolymers of lactide and related cyclic esters via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of metal complexes based on group 1, 2, 4, 12, 13 and 14 metals. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the initiator structure on the properties of the obtaining homo- and copolymers. Also, a separate chapter is devoted to the study of metal complexes in the synthesis of copolymers of lactide and lactones. This review highlights the efforts made over the last ten years or so, and shows how main-group metals have received increasing attention in the field of the polymerization of lactide and related cyclic esters.

HOUSE ARREST AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON SENTENCE IN MODERN GEORGIAN LAW (Evolution and Transformation)

This article is about house arrest, one of the types of non-custodial punishment in modern Georgian law, where the legal problems of using this benefit, provided by the law, are discussed, which is based on a deep analysis of practice and research of a number of scientific works. The importance of the topic was determined by the unfavorable state of the domestic legislation, the existence of a non-homogenous practice on the part of the court in relation to the “revision” of the decisions made by the local councils of the special penitentiary service, the incalculability of statistical data, as well as the great practical importance of the said topic in the process of both law-making and law enforcement, due to the paucity of modern Georgian legal literature regarding this concept. The aim of this article is to clarify the legal nature and the extent of house arrest, not only on the example of Georgia, but also on the example of some foreign countries, which will make the process of scientific research of the legal problems, of replacing the remaining sentence with house arrest, even more interesting and diverse. In addition, the article also aims to analyze the errors made in the applied practice and to develop scientifically based recommendations to eliminate the gaps in the rules regulating house arrest. The results of the theoretical/empirical research allow legal analysis to be made on the introduction/establishment of non-custodial punishment, which was previously unfamiliar to our country; to what extent the aforementioned legislative innovation was justified and what can be done for its further refinement/perfection, which is ultimately aimed to prohibit the usage of non-homogenous practice, regarding the use of the mentioned legal mechanism, on the part of both the decision-making body and the court. Historical, formal-logical, dogmatic, formal-legal, comparative-legal, descriptive and systematic methods were used to study the problem, posed in a separate chapter of the article. Furthermore, the data of legal statistics was used to study and generalize the practice of local councils, as well as the court, and the final part is devoted to the conclusive decrees obtained as a result of the study and scientific processing of the raised issues.

Pathomechanism of Pruritus in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis: Novel Approaches, Similarities and Differences.

Pruritus is defined as an unpleasant sensation that elicits a desire to scratch. Nearly a third of the world's population may suffer from pruritus during their lifetime. This symptom is widely observed in numerous inflammatory skin diseases-e.g., approximately 70-90% of patients with psoriasis and almost every patient with atopic dermatitis suffer from pruritus. Although the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis is different, the complex intricacies between several biochemical mediators, enzymes, and pathways seem to play a crucial role in both conditions. Despite the high prevalence of pruritus in the general population, the pathogenesis of this symptom in various conditions remains elusive. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about the pathogenesis of pruritus in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Each molecule involved in the pruritic pathway would merit a separate chapter or even an entire book, however, in the current review we have concentrated on some reports which we found crucial in the understanding of pruritus. However, the pathomechanism of pruritus is an extremely complex and intricate process. Moreover, many of these signaling pathways are currently undergoing detailed analysis or are still unexplained. As a result, it is currently difficult to take an objective view of how far we have come in elucidating the pathogenesis of pruritus in the described diseases. Nevertheless, considerable progress has been made in recent years.

The Oxygenate-Mediated Conversion of COx to Hydrocarbons─On the Role of Zeolites in Tandem Catalysis.

Decentralized chemical plants close to circular carbon sources will play an important role in shaping the postfossil society. This scenario calls for carbon technologies which valorize CO2 and CO with renewable H2 and utilize process intensification approaches. The single-reactor tandem reaction approach to convert COx to hydrocarbons via oxygenate intermediates offers clear benefits in terms of improved thermodynamics and energy efficiency. Simultaneously, challenges and complexity in terms of catalyst material and mechanism, reactor, and process gaps have to be addressed. While the separate processes, namely methanol synthesis and methanol to hydrocarbons, are commercialized and extensively discussed, this review focuses on the zeolite/zeotype function in the oxygenate-mediated conversion of COx to hydrocarbons. Use of shape-selective zeolite/zeotype catalysts enables the selective production of fuel components as well as key intermediates for the chemical industry, such as BTX, gasoline, light olefins, and C3+ alkanes. In contrast to the separate processes which use methanol as a platform, this review examines the potential of methanol, dimethyl ether, and ketene as possible oxygenate intermediates in separate chapters. We explore the connection between literature on the individual reactions for converting oxygenates and the tandem reaction, so as to identify transferable knowledge from the individual processes which could drive progress in the intensification of the tandem process. This encompasses a multiscale approach, from molecule (mechanism, oxygenate molecule), to catalyst, to reactor configuration, and finally to process level. Finally, we present our perspectives on related emerging technologies, outstanding challenges, and potential directions for future research.

An overview of offences against monuments in the Polish law

The aim of the article is to overview the criminal law regulations and the standpoints of Polish doctrine concerning the protection of monuments under Polish law. The main discussion is preceded by an introduction, which explains key concepts relating to crime against monuments, including what is to beunderstood by the criminological term “crime against monuments”. The next part of the study discusses crimes against monuments governed by the Penal Code and the Law on the Act on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments. The paper closes with brief conclusions. One of the main postulates isthe need to strengthen the criminal law protection of monuments by creatinga separate chapter of the Penal Code dedicated to these assets.

The Poetry and Music of Science: Comparing Creativity in Science and Art

The Poetry and Music of Science: Comparing Creativity in Science and Art

Trends in the development of constitutional law and problems of the transformation of the Constitution of Ukraine in the dimension of constitutional economy

The problems of the transformation of the Constitution of Ukraine in the context of the theory and practice of constitutional economics are considered. The problem of constitutionalization of economic relations is studied. The analysis of foreign experience shows that the successful development of the economy depends on the perfection of the mechanism of constitutional and legal regulation of economic and budget-financial relations, as well as the determination of the place and role of the state in the management of economic processes. The role of direct constitutional regulation of economic relations is particularly important. These and other factors determine the need for a conceptual analysis of the economic dimension of constitutional law and the Constitution of Ukraine. It was established that the process of constitutionalization of public property, public finances and other economic relations is connected with a significant expansion of the influence of constitutions on the processes of socioeconomic development of society. It is proved that property, finances, taxes, the budget, the banking system are categories of constitutional law in view of the degree of freedom of the individual and the limits of the powers of institutions of public power in the sphere of economy. The need to allocate separate sections «Public Property» and «Public Finances» in the Constitution of Ukraine is substantiated. According to the author, this will indicate not only the special constitutional significance of the relevant institutions, but also their axiological, synergistic, functional-teleological connection with the principles of the constitutional order. The foreign experience of constitutional economics shows that most constitutions initially regulated financial and economic relations quite fragmentarily. As constitutionalism developed, the constitutionalization of institutions of public property and public finance intensified. Constitutional regulation in this area became over time more and more detailed and branched, and therefore voluminous and functional. In this regard, we draw attention to the need to deepen the detailing of the constitutional regulation of public property and public finances. At the current stage of the development of constitutionalism, this is explained by the effect of the trends of economization and internationalization of constitutional law, which leads to the growth of both the importance and complexity of financial and economic relations and their legal regulation. In this context, the allocation of separate chapters on public property and public finances in the structure of the Constitution of Ukraine will largely reflect the development trends of modern constitutionalism. Key words: constitutional economy, economic constitutionalism, constitutionalization, constitution, public property, public finances, state, human rights, constitutional order, economic functions of the state, fiscal constitutionalism, constitutional regulation, constitutional values, democracy, public power, transformation of legislation.

Lecture Course “Modern Physics”

In the paper, the structure of the lecture course “Modern Physics” is described in detail. The course is based on a logical presentation of modern ideas about quantum-, atomic-, nuclear-, and molecular physics as well as astrophysics. A special attention is paid to a relatively new interdisciplinary research field, namely the physics of open systems, and to the study of clusters as one of the most promising scientific areas. Separate chapters of the textbook are devoted to nonlinear optics, quantum information, structure and dynamics of molecules. The fundamental laws and concepts of modern physics, their relationship and origin are comprehensively discussed. It is underlined that this lecture course is intended, first of all, for students of technical universities, postgraduate students of relevant specialties, as well as professors of vocation-related subjects. The inclusion of new sections of physics in the curricula of universities is rationalized, in particular, by the fact that physics is closely related to engineering. Due to this fact, the important role that physics plays in society becomes especially evident. The paper may also be of interest to those who are fond of physics and its state-of-the art.