Sensorimotor Skills Research Articles

Interceptive abilities in autism spectrum disorder: Comparing naturalistic and virtual visuomotor tasks.

A growing body of research reveals that autistic individuals exhibit motor coordination challenges. Multiple theoretical frameworks propose that the seemingly disparate features of autism may arise from a common underlying process: a diminished ability to make predictions. Sensorimotor skills, such as catching a ball, critically rely on predicting the ball's trajectory as well as anticipatory coordination of the entire body. Here, we assessed four different naturalistic and virtual interception tasks with 31 neurotypical and 23 autistic children (ages 7-12). In a naturalistic setting, participants caught the ball either with their hands or a hand-held funnel with an enlarged catch area that also prevented the ball from bouncing off. A virtual setup reduced whole-body demands, as children only moved a paddle to catch or bounce a ball on a screen. Control tasks, involving rapid reaching to grasp a static object and quiet standing, which largely eliminated the requirements for prediction, were also tested. Results from all task variations demonstrated that autistic children completed fewer successful interceptions, suggesting that predictive requirements, inherent to all interception tasks, played a critical role. Effect sizes in the virtual tasks were smaller. Correlations of the task metrics with behavioral assessments rendered the strongest correlations with Praxis scores. The control tasks showed no differences between autistic and neurotypical children. These findings lend support to the emerging hypothesis that predictive challenges are present in autism. Further research with larger sample sizes will help identify to what extent these visuomotor differences may inform core domains of autism.

De novo sensorimotor learning through reuse of movement components.

From tying one's shoelaces to driving a car, complex skills involving the coordination of multiple muscles are common in everyday life; yet relatively little is known about how these skills are learned. Recent studies have shown that new sensorimotor skills involving re-mapping familiar body movements to unfamiliar outputs cannot be learned by adjusting pre-existing controllers, and that new task-specific controllers must instead be learned "de novo". To date, however, few studies have investigated de novo learning in scenarios requiring continuous and coordinated control of relatively unpractised body movements. In this study, we used a myoelectric interface to investigate how a novel controller is learned when the task involves an unpractised combination of relatively untrained continuous muscle contractions. Over five sessions on five consecutive days, participants learned to trace a series of trajectories using a computer cursor controlled by the activation of two muscles. The timing of the generated cursor trajectory and its shape relative to the target improved for conditions trained with post-trial visual feedback. Improvements in timing transferred to all untrained conditions, but improvements in shape transferred less robustly to untrained conditions requiring the trained order of muscle activation. All muscle outputs in the final session could already be generated during the first session, suggesting that participants learned the new task by improving the selection of existing motor commands. These results suggest that the novel controllers acquired during de novo learning can, in some circumstances, be constructed from components of existing controllers.

Creativity in sports: The crucial role of motor skills

What enables athletes to perform creative actions in their sports? In the last two decades, sports studies have predominantly assumed that divergent thinking (DT) is the key ingredient and have developed sport-specific DT tests to assess players’ creativity. However, a fundamental question remains: Do players who score high on sport-specific DT tests perform more creative actions on the field? The DT approach in sports has recently been challenged by the hypothesis that creative actions are primarily enabled (or limited) by players’ motor skill repertoires. Here, predictions based on the DT and motor skill approach are tested in the domain of soccer. Studies 1a and b tested male under-12 players, and Study 2 tested female under-19 players of a professional soccer club. All three studies indicated no correlation between the creativity of actions performed on the field (rated with the Consensual Assessment Technique) and players’ soccer-specific DT. In contrast, moderate to high correlations between on-field creativity and motor skills were found. These results challenge the DT approach in sports and the validity of sport-specific DT tests, highlighting the crucial role of sensorimotor skills in performing creative actions in sports or other domains in which creative performance is embodied through motor actions.

Tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase deficiency impairs Purkinje cell development and survival in a mouse model of infantile hypophosphatasia

Loss-of-function mutations in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) gene can result in hypophosphatasia (HPP), an inherited multi-systemic metabolic disorder that is well-known for skeletal and dental hypomineralization. However, emerging evidence shows that both adult and pediatric patients with HPP suffer from cognitive deficits, higher measures of depression and anxiety, and impaired sensorimotor skills. The cerebellum plays an important role in sensorimotor coordination, cognition, and emotion. To date, the impact of TNAP mutation on the cerebellar circuitry development and function remains poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to investigate the roles of TNAP in cerebellar development and function, with a particular focus on Purkinje cells, in a mouse model of infantile HPP. Male and female wild type (WT) and TNAP knockout (KO) mice underwent behavioral testing on postnatal day 13–14 and were euthanized after completion of behavioral tests. Cerebellar tissues were harvested for gene expression and immunohistochemistry analyses. We found that TNAP mutation resulted in significantly reduced body weight, shorter body length, and impaired sensorimotor functions in both male and female KO mice. These developmental and behavioral deficits were accompanied by abnormal Purkinje cell morphology and dysregulation of genes that regulates synaptic transmission, cellular growth, proliferation, and death. In conclusion, inactivation of TNAP via gene deletion causes developmental delays, sensorimotor impairment, and Purkinje cell maldevelopment. These results shed light on a new perspective of cerebellar dysfunction in HPP.

Enhancing stroke rehabilitation with whole-hand haptic rendering: development and clinical usability evaluation of a novel upper-limb rehabilitation device

IntroductionThere is currently a lack of easy-to-use and effective robotic devices for upper-limb rehabilitation after stroke. Importantly, most current systems lack the provision of somatosensory information that is congruent with the virtual training task. This paper introduces a novel haptic robotic system designed for upper-limb rehabilitation, focusing on enhancing sensorimotor rehabilitation through comprehensive haptic rendering.MethodsWe developed a novel haptic rehabilitation device with a unique combination of degrees of freedom that allows the virtual training of functional reach and grasp tasks, where we use a physics engine-based haptic rendering method to render whole-hand interactions between the patients’ hands and virtual tangible objects. To evaluate the feasibility of our system, we performed a clinical mixed-method usability study with seven patients and seven therapists working in neurorehabilitation. We employed standardized questionnaires to gather quantitative data and performed semi-structured interviews with all participants to gain qualitative insights into the perceived usability and usefulness of our technological solution.ResultsThe device demonstrated ease of use and adaptability to various hand sizes without extensive setup. Therapists and patients reported high satisfaction levels, with the system facilitating engaging and meaningful rehabilitation exercises. Participants provided notably positive feedback, particularly emphasizing the system’s available degrees of freedom and its haptic rendering capabilities. Therapists expressed confidence in the transferability of sensorimotor skills learned with our system to activities of daily living, although further investigation is needed to confirm this.ConclusionThe novel haptic robotic system effectively supports upper-limb rehabilitation post-stroke, offering high-fidelity haptic feedback and engaging training tasks. Its clinical usability, combined with positive feedback from both therapists and patients, underscores its potential to enhance robotic neurorehabilitation.

Effectiveness of a Novel Feeding Algorithm for Oral Feeding Transition of Infants Born Prematurely.

Feeding skill acquisition is commonly a limiting factor determining when an infant born prematurely can be discharged. This study aimed to determine if the addition of a novel feeding progression algorithm (combination of objective data from a suck measurement device and slow flow/low variability nipples) to current neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) standards could decrease feeding-related length of stay (primary outcome). We hypothesized that by timing the initiation of oral feedings to coincide with adequate sensory-motor skill development, feeding-related length of stay may be decreased. This was a prospective intervention study, with a historical control cohort, of infants born less than 30weeks' gestational age without comorbidities affecting feeding skill acquisition at a Regional Level III-S NICU at a women and infant's hospital in Louisiana. A novel feeding progression algorithm utilized objective assessment of sucking to determine progression in nipple flow rates with slow flow/low variability nipples (flow rates from 0 to 9 mL/min) for infants receiving intervention (n=18). Thirty-six controls who did not receive the feeding progression algorithm were identified via electronic medical record retrospective chart review. Eighteen completed the study. Compared to the control group, infants receiving feeding interventions had delayed sequencing initiation, extended time between initially off positive pressure ventilation and initiation of sequencing, and decreased feeding-related length of stay, with similar total length of stay. This study adds to existing research supporting the effectiveness of novel feeding progression algorithms and interventions to support the health and outcomes of infants born prematurely. Future research should focus on implementation studies for feeding progression algorithm integration into standard NICU care.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Combining Sensory Room and Conventional Therapies for Lebanese Children With Autism: A 10-Year Study.

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition characterized by sensory difficulties, which pose a significant challenge. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of sensory room therapy in conjunction with traditional therapy, comparing it to traditional therapy alone, among children diagnosed with ASD in Lebanon. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study with cross-sectional survey (mixed study) was conducted over a 10-year period, involving 548 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The children were divided into two groups: group 1, comprising 306 children who received conventional therapy in addition to sensory room therapy, and group 2, consisting of 242 children who received conventional therapy alone. Data collection included sociodemographic characteristics, autism-related features, and scores from the Parental Concerns Questionnaire Inferring Alterations (PCQIA) scale, which measures sensory and behavioral characteristics. Data were collected at two time points: before the initiation of sensory room therapy and after the completion of the therapy, allowing for an assessment of changes and effectiveness post-treatment. Results In both groups, there was no significant difference in PCQIA scores following conventional therapy alone (group 1: mean score 34.1, group 2: mean score 33.4; p=0.222). However, a significant increase in PCQIA scores was observed after the addition of sensory room therapy in group 1 (combined therapy), with scores rising from a pre-therapy mean of 34.1 to a post-therapy mean of 41.7 (p<0.001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between PCQIA scores and parental income. Additionally, 78.2% of parents rated sensory room therapy as highly effective, with 62% reporting significant improvement in their children's behavior and 80% noting increased engagement in extracurricular activities. Notably, 98% of parents indicated they would recommend the combined therapy to others. Conclusion Sensory room therapy demonstrates improvement in sensory challenges and motor skills among children diagnosed with ASD.

Sensory augmentation for a rapid motor task in a multisensory environment.

Sensory substitution and augmentation systems (SSASy) seek to either replace or enhance existing sensory skills by providing a new route to access information about the world. Tests of such systems have largely been limited to untimed, unisensory tasks. To test the use of a SSASy for rapid, ballistic motor actions in a multisensory environment. Participants played a stripped-down version of air hockey in virtual reality with motion controls (Oculus Touch). They were trained to use a simple SASSy (novel audio cue) for the puck's location. They were tested on ability to strike an oncoming puck with the SASSy, degraded vision, or both. Participants coordinated vision and the SSASy to strike the target with their hand more consistently than with the best single cue alone, t(13) = 9.16, p <.001, Cohen's d = 2.448. People can adapt flexibly to using a SSASy in tasks that require tightly timed, precise, and rapid body movements. SSASys can augment and coordinate with existing sensorimotor skills rather than being limited to replacement use cases - in particular, there is potential scope for treating moderate vision loss. These findings point to the potential for augmenting human abilities, not only for static perceptual judgments, but in rapid and demanding perceptual-motor tasks.

Relationship between sensory processing skills and motor skills in 12-month-old infants.

Identifying sensory processing problems of 12-month-old preterm and term children and defining their relationship with motor skills are essential for appropriate interventions and optimal sensory-motor development. This study aimed to determine sensory processing difficulties in 12-month-old babies and examine their relationship with motor skills. This cross-sectional study included 61 infants (28 preterm and 33 full-term, ages 12 months). The infants' sensory processing skills were evaluated using the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants (TSFI), and their gross and fine motor skills were assessed with the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2). Sensory processing difficulties were more common in preterm babies. Multiple linear regression models indicated a significant positive association between PDMS-2 gross/fine motor scores and TFSI total scores, reactivity to tactile deep pressure, and ocular-motor control in the total sample. Furthermore, there was a relationship between gross motor and adaptive motor function, and fine motor scores were found to be associated with visual-tactile integration sensory scores. Preterm babies are more likely than their full-term peers to have sensory processing problems around the age of one, which can affect their motor skills. The results support the relationship between children's sensory and motor processing skills. Practitioners such as occupational and physical therapists should be alert to this relationship in infants with sensory processing and motor problems. Taking this relationship into consideration when planning intervention programs can be a guide for an effective intervention.

Infant sensorimotor decoupling from 4 to 9 months of age: Individual differences and contingencies with maternal actions

Triadic interactions, wherein infants coordinate attention between caregivers and objects of shared focus, are believed to facilitate infant learning, and emerge around 9–12 months of age (Carpenter et al., 1998). Sensorimotor decoupling, wherein infants look at one percept while manipulating another, or use each hand for different actions, was hypothesized (de Barbaro et al., 2016) to contribute to triadic skills by allowing infants to smoothly shift attention between objects and social partners. We explored the development of Hand-Hand (H-H) and Gaze-Hand (G-H) decoupling in 38 infants at 4, 6, and 9 months. We also tested contingencies between maternal behaviors and infant decoupling: i.e., whether decoupling events followed maternal object-directed actions. Both overall and contingent infant decoupling increased from 4 to 9 months. Decoupling rates (both G-H and H-H) predicted variance in infants' fine and gross motor scores. Contingent G-H decoupling at 6 months predicted BSID-III communication scores at 18 months. Thus the development of infant sensorimotor skills, including decoupling, allows infants to smoothly shift attention and participate in triadic interactions.

Mechanical Problem Solving in Goffin's Cockatoos-Towards Modeling Complex Behavior.

Goffin's cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) can solve a diverse set of mechanical problems, such as tool use, tool manufacture, and mechanical puzzles. However, the proximate mechanisms underlying this adaptive behavior are largely unknown. Similarly, engineering artificial agents that can as flexibly solve such mechanical puzzles is still a substantial challenge in areas such as robotics. This article is an interdisciplinary approach to study mechanical problem solving which we hope is relevant to both fields. The behavior we are studying results from the interaction between a complex environment (the lockbox) and different processes that govern the animals' behavior. We therefore jointly analyze the parrots' (1) engagement, (2) sensorimotor skill learning, and (3) action selection. We find that none of these aspects could solely explain the animals' behavioral adaptation and that a plausible model of proximate mechanisms must jointly address these aspects. We accompany this analysis with a discussion of methods to identify such mechanisms. At the same time, we argue, it is implausible to identify a detailed model from the limited behavioral data of just a few studies. Instead, we advocate for an incremental approach to model building in which one first establishes constraints on proximate mechanisms before specific, detailed models are formulated. To illustrate this idea, we apply it to the data presented here. We argue that as the field attempts to find mechanistic explanations for increasingly complex behaviors, such alternative modeling approaches will be necessary.

The Difference Between Expert Dancers' and Non-Dancers Tapping Timing With and Without an Auditory Stimulus at a Slow Tempo.

Our primary purpose in this study was to determine whether trained dancers differed from untrained non-dancers in their ability to accurately control motor timing during finger and heel tapping tasks, both with and without slow isochronous auditory stimuli. Dancers and non-dancers were instructed to synchronize their taps with isochronous auditory stimuli under three conditions: 30, 40, and 50BPM. After the synchronization phase, participants were asked to continue tapping without the auditory sequences. On the synchronization task, the tapping onset of both groups lagged behind the stimulus onset in all tempo conditions. In all conditions, dancers showed more accurate and stable beat synchronization and continuation than non-dancers. As the tempo condition slowed down (from 50 to 30BPM), synchronization accuracy decreased while synchronization and continuation variability increased. Unlike for novices, dancers showed no difference between the finger and heel tapping synchronization tasks. During the continuous tasks, their timing accuracy was higher for heel than for finger tapping. Collectively, these findings suggest that dance training, which involves synchronizing bodily movements based on rhythm, may lead to an accumulation of experience that enhances specific sensorimotor skills related to synchronizing movements with external stimuli or continuing rhythmic movements temporally.

The effect of the Montessori program using physical activity games in enhancing the sensory-motor perception abilities of kindergarten children aged 5 to 6 years

The research aims to propose an educational approach inspired by Montessori's method using motor games to develop sensory motor skills in children aged (5-6) years, and to identify the impact of using Montessori's method with motor games in developing some cognitive sensory motor skills for children. The experimental method was used with the matched group design. The sample represented children from the Braum Al-Amal Nursery in Basra, who were selected to take the Haywood test to measure cognitive sensory motor abilities. It was concluded that Montessori's method using motor games contributed to the development of sensory motor skills and helped in enhancing overall and partial visual perception for children. The child learned about parts of the body, distinguished between body sides, and helped in enhancing balance and spatial awareness. The method also aided in teaching the child how to determine location. It was recommended to benefit from the Montessori method in developing motor and cognitive abilities, and to introduce specific courses for preschool teachers in teaching the Montessori method. Key words: Montessori method, motor games, sensory motor perception, preschool education, teaching methods

Modeling patterns of sensory-motor skills for programming robots in contact manipulation tasks

Modeling patterns of sensory-motor skills for programming robots in contact manipulation tasks

Robustness and adaptability of sensorimotor skills in expert piano performance

Skillful sequential action requires the delicate balance of sensorimotor control, encompassing both robustness and adaptability. However, it remains unknown whether both motor and neural responses triggered by sensory perturbation undergo plastic adaptation as a consequence of extensive sensorimotor experience. We assessed the effects of transiently delayed tone production on the subsequent motor actions and event-related potentials (ERPs) during piano performance by comparing pianists and non-musicians. Following the perturbation, the inter-keystroke interval was abnormally prolonged in non-musicians but not in pianists. By contrast, the keystroke velocity following the perturbation was increased only in the pianists. A regression model demonstrated that the change in the inter-keystroke interval covaried with the ERPs, particularly at the frontal and parietal regions. The alteration in the keystroke velocity was associated with the P300 component of the temporal region. These findings suggest that different neural mechanisms underlie robust and adaptive sensorimotor skills across proficiency level.

Microstructural Properties of the Cerebellar Peduncles in Children With Developmental Language Disorder.

Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) struggle to learn their native language for no apparent reason. While research on the neurobiological underpinnings of the disorder has focused on the role of corticostriatal systems, little is known about the role of the cerebellum in DLD. Corticocerebellar circuits might be involved in the disorder as they contribute to complex sensorimotor skill learning, including the acquisition of spoken language. Here, we used diffusion-weighted imaging data from 77 typically developing and 54 children with DLD and performed probabilistic tractography to identify the cerebellum's white matter tracts: the inferior, middle, and superior cerebellar peduncles. Children with DLD showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the inferior cerebellar peduncles (ICP), fiber tracts that carry motor and sensory input via the inferior olive to the cerebellum. Lower FA in DLD was driven by lower axial diffusivity. Probing this further with more sophisticated modeling of diffusion data, we found higher orientation dispersion but no difference in neurite density in the ICP of children with DLD. Reduced FA is therefore unlikely to be reflecting microstructural differences in myelination, rather the organization of axons in these pathways is disrupted. ICP microstructure was not associated with language or motor coordination performance in our sample. We also found no differences in the middle and superior peduncles, the main pathways connecting the cerebellum with the cortex. To conclude, it is not corticocerebellar but atypical olivocerebellar white matter connections that characterize DLD and suggest the involvement of the olivocerebellar system in speech and language acquisition and development.

QOL-35. ANALYSIS ON THE EVOLUTIONARY PATTERN OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN CHILDREN ON FOLLOW-UP FOR BRAIN TUMORS

Abstract BACKGROUND Long-term cognitive sequelae of paediatric brain tumors are of increasing interest. The role of histology and surgery remains still unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate children cognitive functioning before and after brain tumors surgery, and at the end of additional treatments. METHODS New diagnoses of paediatric primary brain tumors were prospectively assessed. Neurocognitive evaluations were performed at diagnosis (T0), within 7-10 days from surgery (T1) and 12-18 months after the end of treatments (T2). Language, learning and memory, attention, executive functions, visuo-constructional and sensorimotor skills were evaluated at T0 and T1, Intelligent Quotient (IQ) was explored at T0 and T2. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (M:F=15:10, mean age 10.9±3.4 years) were enrolled between January 2019 and December 2022. In comparison to normal values (&amp;gt;7.0), at baseline patients showed major deficits in narrative memory (6.6±3.7, p&amp;lt;0.001) and visuo-spatial memory (copy design tasks: general 6.8±3.9, p&amp;lt;0.001, specific 6.2±3.3, p&amp;lt;0.001, motor 5.2±3.2, p&amp;lt;0.001). At T1 assessment, significant deficits remained in narrative memory (6.2±3.3, p&amp;lt;0.001) and visual-motor coordination (copy design tasks: specific 5.9±3.0, p&amp;lt;0.001 and motor 4.8±4.3 p&amp;lt;0.001); attention and visual-constructional abilities significantly improved (p=0.04 and p=0.001). On the visual construction test, children with high-grade histology scored lower than the low-grade group (Rey- Osterrieth complex figure-copy 5.1±4.4 vs 11.0±4.3; p=0.019). At T2 evaluation children showed persistent deficits in visuo-spatial processing and a possible decline in IQ scores, with lower scores compared with T0 (93 vs 100, p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS Children with brain tumors may present several neuropsychological impairments at diagnosis, particularly those with high-grade diseases. Surgery may have a positive effect on the recovery of some cognitive functions. However, cognitive decline may worsen over time. Baseline and periodic neurocognitive evaluations should be encouraged to identify functional difficulties and to develop a tailored treatment approach for the patient.

The effect of eight weeks of central stability exercises on sensory-motor development of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

Introduction: Sensory-motor problems are among the outstanding characteristics of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Aim: The present research was conducted aiming to assess the effectiveness of eight weeks of central stability exercises on the sensory-motor development of children with high-functioning ASD. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all 6-10-year-old children with ASD referring to autism rehabilitation centers in Tehran in 2023. Twenty-four high-functioning ASD children were selected by the convenience sampling method and evaluated by the Sensory Profile-2 tests and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency after eight sessions of central stability exercises. The results were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and SPSS version 22. Results: The results of univariate ANCOVA indicated that eight weeks of central stability exercises culminated in promoting sensory development in children with high-functioning ASD (P&lt;0.01). The results of multivariate ANCOVA indicated that the F value obtained for all three dimensions of motor development, including gross motor skill, fine motor skill, and upper limb coordination, was significant (P&lt;0.01). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that central stability exercises are among the efficient methods for the development of sensory-motor skills in children with high-functioning ASD, which can be used in special education and rehabilitation centers for these children.

DanceMVP: Self-Supervised Learning for Multi-Task Primitive-Based Dance Performance Assessment via Transformer Text Prompting

Dance is generally considered to be complex for most people as it requires coordination of numerous body motions and accurate responses to the musical content and rhythm. Studies on automatic dance performance assessment could help people improve their sensorimotor skills and promote research in many fields, including human motion analysis and motion generation. Recent papers on dance performance assessment usually evaluate simple dance motions with a single task - estimating final performance scores. In this paper, we propose DanceMVP: multi-task dance performance assessment via text prompting that solves three related tasks - (i) dance vocabulary recognition, (ii) dance performance scoring and (iii) dance rhythm evaluation. In the pre-training phase, we contrastively learn the primitive-based features of complex dance motion and music using the InfoNCE loss. For the downstream task, we propose a transformer-based text prompter to perform multi-task evaluations for the three proposed assessment tasks. Also, we build a multimodal dance-music dataset named ImperialDance. The novelty of our ImperialDance is that it contains dance motions for diverse expertise levels and a significant amount of repeating dance sequences for the same choreography to keep track of the dance performance progression. Qualitative results show that our pre-trained feature representation could cluster dance pieces for different dance genres, choreographies, expertise levels and primitives, which generalizes well on both ours and other dance-music datasets. The downstream experiments demonstrate the robustness and improvement of our method over several ablations and baselines across all three tasks, as well as monitoring the users' dance level progression.

Discrepant changes in structure-function coupling in dancers and musicians.

Dance and music are well known to improve sensorimotor skills and cognitive functions. To reveal the underlying mechanism, previous studies focus on the brain plastic structural and functional effects of dance and music training. However, the discrepancy training effects on brain structure-function relationship are still blurred. Thus, proficient dancers, musicians, and controls were recruited in this study. The graph signal processing framework was employed to quantify the region-level and network-level relationship between brain function and structure. The results showed the increased coupling strength of the right ventromedial putamen in the dance and music groups. Distinctly, enhanced coupling strength of the ventral attention network, increased coupling strength of the right inferior frontal gyrus opercular area, and increased function connectivity of coupling function signal between the right and left middle frontal gyrus were only found in the dance group. Besides, the dance group indicated enhanced coupling function connectivity between the left inferior parietal lobule caudal area and the left superior parietal lobule intraparietal area compared with the music groups. The results might illustrate dance and music training's discrepant effect on the structure-function relationship of the subcortical and cortical attention networks. Furthermore, dance training seemed to have a greater impact on these networks.