Sensitive Pressure Sensor Research Articles

Room-temperature self-healing polysiloxane networks for highly sensitive piezoresistive pressure sensor with microdome structures

Soft piezoresistive pressure sensor is an important component for next generation flexible electronics. Micropatterning of such sensors significantly improves the pressure sensitivity, however, the short device lifetime due to scratches and motions limits the translation to industrial applications. Herein, we report a novel poly(ODMS-co-MAA) for self-healing piezoresistive sensor to effectively overcoming such shortcoming. Self-healing capability was achieved by incorporating dynamic Fe(III)-carboxylate linkages in the polymer networks. These linkages work as sacrificial bonds and dissipate energy caused by mechanical damage. The bonds subsequently reform and functionality of the sensor can be restored. The poly(ODMS-co-MAA)-based self-healing polymer networks (SPN) were effectively healed from damages showing the recovery of electrical resistance (>95%) within 10 hrs. SPN was fabricated with microdome structures and exhibited a superior pressure sensitivity (2 kPa−1) as well as stability compared to planar features (9.13 × 10−3 kPa−1), demonstrating its excellent potential as pressure sensor. Combined results demonstrate the potential of the self-healing networks for next generation piezoresistive pressure sensors.

Waterproof Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on Electrostatic Self-Assembled MXene/NH2-CNTs for Motion Monitoring and Electronic Skin.

Flexible wearable sensors to monitor human movement and for electronic skins must exhibit high sensitivity, a wide detection range, and waterproof characteristics. This work reports a flexible, highly sensitive, and waterproof sponge pressure sensor (SMCM). The sensor is made by assembling SiO2 (S), MXene (M), and NH2-CNTs (C) on the backbone of melamine sponge (M). The SMCM sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity (10.8 kPa-1), an ultra-short response/recovery time (40 ms/60 ms), a wide detection range (30 kPa), and an extremely low detection limit (4.6 Pa). Benefiting from layer-by-layer self-assembly, the sensor still exhibits excellent stability after 5000 cycles. In addition, the SMCM sensor also has excellent waterproof performance (a water contact angle of 142°), enabling it to operate unaffectedly under wet conditions. The SMCM sensor can accurately detect small body movements such as pulse and swallowing while also accurately detecting finger and elbow movements. In addition, the sensor can be designed as an array to construct an electronic skin for detecting the magnitude and distribution of external pressure. This work holds great application potential in next-generation electronic skin, fitness detection, and flexible pressure sensors.

Dual‐Supporter and Dual‐Salt Strategy for Solid Polymer Electrolyte with High Ionic Conductivity and Elastic Toughness

AbstractIn recent years, ionic liquid (IL)‐based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have attracted much attention as conducting or capacitive materials for stretchable electronics. To fabricate fast and mechanically robust electronic devices, the high ionic conductivity and high elastic toughness of the SPE are essential. However, it has been challenging to achieve both high ionic conductivity and high elastic toughness simultaneously because high ionic conductivity generally requires low crystallinity of the polymer chains. Herein, a facile strategy for fabricating highly conductive, mechanically robust, and thermally stable SPE is demonstrated. A glass fiber mesh and La0.57Li0.29TiO3 particles as dual‐supporters are introduced, and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][TFSI]) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amine lithium salt (LiTFSI) (having the same anion) as the dual salt in the polymer electrolyte is introduced. Consequently, the SPE exhibits a superior ionic conductivity of 2.4 × 10−2 S cm−1 at room temperature and an outstanding elastic toughness of ≈170.3 kJ m−2. Finally, the dual‐salt/dual‐supporter SPE is successfully applied to high‐performance organic electrolyte‐gated transistors as gate dielectric materials and highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensors as force‐sensitive dielectric layers.

A General Strategy for Rapidly Optimizing Wearable Resistive Pressure Sensors

AbstractDue to the complicated relationship between wearable electronics performance and various parameters, months even years are needed to obtain a desired sensor by random and time‐consuming trial‐and‐error methods. Herein, a general analytic model based on the micro‐element division and equivalent circuit is presented to guide a rapid optimizing strategy for wearable resistive pressure sensors, which is like the method always used in the traditional design of the metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor for integrated circuits. The quantitative relationship between the sensitivity and related parameters is declared in the presented model, and the optimized parameters are achieved to design a sensor. The demanded ultra‐highly sensitive pressure sensor is successfully designed and optimized in minutes based on the built model, and the fabricated sensor is applied in a voice real‐time recognition system to obtain 100% recognition accuracy. The on‐demand and agile development strategy paves a promising way to greatly accelerate the transition from random and time‐consuming to the controllable design of wearable electronics.

Ultra-Tough Waterborne Polyurethane-Based Graft-Copolymerized Piezoresistive Composite Designed for Rehabilitation Training Monitoring Pressure Sensors.

Effective training is crucial for patients who need rehabilitation for achieving optimal recovery and reducing complications. Herein, a wireless rehabilitation training monitoring band with a highly sensitive pressure sensor is proposed and designed. It utilizes polyaniline@waterborne polyurethane (PANI@WPU) as a piezoresistive composite material, which is prepared via the in situ grafting polymerization of PANI on the WPU surface. WPU is designed and synthesized with tunable glass transition temperatures ranging from -60 to 0 °C. Dipentaerythritol (Di-PE) and ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) groups are introduced, endowing the material with good tensile strength (14.2MPa), toughness (62 MJ-1 m-3 ), and great elasticity (low permanent deformation: 2%). Di-PE and UPy enhance the mechanical properties of WPU by increasing the cross-linking density and crystallinity. Combining the toughness of WPU and the high-density microstructure derived by hot embossing technology, the pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (168.1 kPa-1 ), fast response time (32ms), and excellent stability (10 000 cycles with 3.5% decay). In addition, the rehabilitation training monitoring band is equipped with a wireless Bluetooth module, which can be easily applied to monitor the rehabilitation training effect of patients using an applet. Therefore, this work has the potential to significantly broaden the application of WPU-based pressure sensors for rehabilitation monitoring.

Development and Evaluation of Respirometric in Situ Corrosion Monitoring System

There is a growing need for a system to be used for real-time in-situ monitoring of corrosion rates. This system/method allows the determination of real-time corrosion rates under realistic exposure conditions and is capable of following changing exposure conditions in situ. This is realized by a combination of optical Oxygen sensor measurements with either gravimetric volume sensitive techniques or pressure sensor based techniques in a closed chamber. This study was therefore aimed at developing and evaluating a low-cost, real-time corrosion monitoring system, using copper (Cu) as a test sample. Materials used were sourced locally, the circuitry was designed and used to develop the system with incorporation of sensors that can monitor temperature, humidity and pressure within an airtight glass bottle and placed in a housing which was fabricated. The developed system was then evaluated using a piece of Cu exposed to 5% Sodium Chloride (NaCl). Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) within the closed chamber were monitored; and thus Ideal gas and Henry laws were adopted to calculate the amount of gas molecules, and convert them to cathodic reactions. The methods were carried out in accordance with existing literature and standard procedure. Results of evaluation of the system showed that, the more Oxygen is being consumed, the higher the corrosion. Mass loss validation measurements carried out at the end of exposure showed a good correlation with the total recorded cathodic charge. Immersion corrosion kinetics can be monitored non-destructively and in real-time. Manometric approach showed that HER leads to a pressure increase while ORR leads to a decrease in pressure. ORR monitoring is possible based on the amount of consumed O2 by manometric and sensor-based approaches; sensitive, non-destructive corrosion rate measurements are possible on Cu and could be monitored remotely.

Dielectric modulation strategy of carbon nanotube field effect transistors based pressure sensor: towards precise monitoring of human pulse

Continuous monitoring of arterial pulse has great significance for detecting the early onset of cardiovascular disease and assessing health status, while needs pressure sensors with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to accurately capture more health information concealed in pulse waves. Field effect transistors (FETs) combined with the piezoelectric film is an ultrahigh sensitive pressure sensor category, especially when the FET works in the subthreshold regime, where the signal enhancement effect on the piezoelectric response is the most effective. However, controlling the work regime of FET needs extra external bias assistance which will interfere with the piezoelectric response signal and complicate the test system thus making the scheme difficult to implement. Here, we described a gate dielectric modulation strategy to match the subthreshold region of the FET with the piezoelectric output voltage without external gate bias, finally enhancing the sensitivity of the pressure sensor. A carbon nanotube field effect transistor and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) together form the pressure sensor with a high sensitivity of 7 × 10−1 kPa−1 for a pressure range of 0.038–0.467 kPa and 6.86 × 10−2 kPa−1 for a pressure range of 0.467–15.5 kPa, SNR, and the ability to continuously monitor pulse in real-time. Additionally, the sensor enables high-resolution detection of weak pulse signals under large static pressure.

Rapid Prototyping Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors Based on Porous Electrodes

Flexible pressure sensors are widely applied in tactile perception, fingerprint recognition, medical monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and the Internet of Things. Among them, flexible capacitive pressure sensors have the advantages of low energy consumption, slight signal drift, and high response repeatability. However, current research on flexible capacitive pressure sensors focuses on optimizing the dielectric layer for improved sensitivity and pressure response range. Moreover, complicated and time-consuming fabrication methods are commonly applied to generate microstructure dielectric layers. Here, we propose a rapid and straightforward fabrication approach to prototyping flexible capacitive pressure sensors based on porous electrodes. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is produced on both sides of the polyimide paper, resulting in paired compressible electrodes with 3D porous structures. When the elastic LIG electrodes are compressed, the effective electrode area, the relative distance between electrodes, and the dielectric property vary accordingly, thereby generating a sensitive pressure sensor in a relatively large working range (0-9.6 kPa). The sensitivity of the sensor is up to 7.71%/kPa-1, and it can detect pressure as small as 10 Pa. The simple and robust structure allows the sensor to produce quick and repeatable responses. Our pressure sensor exhibits broad potential in practical applications in health monitoring, given its outstanding comprehensive performance combined with its simple and quick fabrication method.

Novel Graphene Transfer Method to Silicone and its Sensing Application on Porous PDMS

In this work, we demonstrate a simple and sensitive parallel-plate capacitive pressure sensor fabricated on biocompatible, weather durable, elastic composite silicone and polyurethane substrate with porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric made through a mixture of water as spacers. This sensor comprised a graphene electrode, which was developed through novel chemical vapor deposition on copper with hot press transfer process. The sensitivity of the sensor exhibits a positive correlation with the dielectric porosity. In addition, this device exhibits fast response time and wide dynamic window for applications. The highest sensitivity of 3.01 kPa <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> at 20% water concentration in PDMS for the dynamic range of 0–40 kPa was achieved with a response time of 0.25 s and detection resolution of 0.4 pF.

Silk Nanofibers-Based Soft and Degradable Capacitive Pressure Sensor Arrays

Highly sensitive pressure sensors with features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and flexibility are needed in applications such as robotics, prosthesis, medical implants, and wearable electronics. However, due to material limitations or technological bottlenecks it is often challenging to fabricate pressure sensors with these attributes at the same time. Herein, we present biodegradable silk/PEO/yeast nanofibers based soft capacitive pressure sensor array (2 × 2). The electrospun nanofibers used here have about 150% enhanced crystallinity, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform- Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The performance metrics of the sensor array, such as sensitivity (∼0.18 kPa <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ), hysteresis (<16%), minimum response (∼0.8 s), and recovery time (∼1 sec) show its suitability for application such as smart plasters used for accelerated wound healing. Further, the degradability studies confirm the quick degradation of sensors, which can also be potentially controlled with suitable packaging.

A novel MXene-based high-performance flexible pressure sensor for detection of human motion

Flexible pressure sensors possess superior conformal ability, great flexibility, and strong biocompatibility than conventional silicon-based sensors, thereby widely used in electronic skin, wearable devices, and robotic tactile sensing, among other fields. However, flexible pressure sensors are still limited by many challenges related to extended linearity and high sensitivity. In this paper, MXene with a loose layered structure was employed to fabricate high-performance flexible piezoresistive sensors comprising polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film with cylindrical microstructure, multilayer Ti3C2T x -MXene film, and interdigital electrodes. A cylindrical microstructured silicon wafer was designed and processed by deep silicon etching process, and PDMS flexible substrate was obtained by two inversions as the pressure sensing layer. The resulting flexible pressure sensor exhibited excellent performance in terms of excellent sensitivity up to 519 kPa−1 in the large detection range of 0–8 kPa coupled with great linearity, a response time of 62.7 ms, and a recovery time of 62.8 ms. The high sensitivity was associated with the compression of the interlayer spacing of multilayer MXene nanosheets. In addition, a single flexible pressure sensor and integrated array were utilized to detect the human physical signals and quantitative measurements of pressure distributions. Overall, these findings provided experimental verification for the design and manufacturing of highly sensitive and linear flexible pressure sensors.

An efficient way of harvesting mechanoluminescent light: Flexible pressure sensor application

Mechanoluminescent (ML) materials are used for fabricating sensors and other devices such as artificial skin, colorful displays, and energy harvesting devices. However, a key challenge in developing ML-based sensors is the ability to effectively capture and efficiently transmit ML light from the sensing location. Here we report a flexible and sensitive thin film pressure sensor, created using a novel combination of ML material and perovskite. In this work, we adopted a simple lateral type design of a thin pressure sensor primarily consisting of (i) a sensing layer of copper-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite and (ii) a light absorbing layer of perovskite. The mixed halide perovskite, a light absorbing material, fully absorbs the green light emitted from ZnS:Cu. The sensor demonstrated consistent signal output under the mechanical bending test. A thin encapsulation layer of PMMA on the perovskite layer prevents moisture inclusion. This innovative technique of utilizing integrated thin perovskite to efficiently harvest ML light has the potential to open up new avenues for advanced research in ML-perovskite-based sensor systems.

Highly Sensitive, Ultrawide Range, and Multimodal Flexible Pressure Sensor with Hierarchical Microstructure Prepared By a One‐Step Laser Printing Process

AbstractThe hierarchical microstructures composed of surface microstructures and porous structures on soft materials have attracted more and more attention because of their effectiveness in improving flexible sensor performance. However, the preparation methods of the hierarchical microstructures are faced with the problems induced by complex process, high cost, and low efficiency. Up to now, there is no one‐step method that can directly realize the hierarchical microstructure on soft materials, even polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the most common soft material. Herein, using glucose additive as porogen and endothermic agent, a simple, low‐cost, and fast laser thermal printing one‐step process is developed for the preparation of porous PDMS film with surface microstructure. Based on the hierarchical structural PDMS film, a multimodal flexible pressure sensor that can sense tension, compression, and torsion is realized. Due to the hierarchical microstructure composed of surface microstructure and porous structure, the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 36.66 kPa−1 in 0–0.6 kPa, a ultrawide sensing range of 3000 kPa, a 100% elongation, and a high gauge factor of 315.13. The application of the sensor in the monitoring of physiological signals, dynamic loads, and robotic flexible gripper demonstrates the potential of the laser thermal printing process in porous PDMS‐based sensors.

Highly sensitive, ultra-reliable flexible piezoelectret sensor for non-contact sitting motion tracking and physiological signal monitoring

Non-contact, cost-effective, multifunctional and robust monitoring platform without mechanical wearing burden is highly desired to enhance the immersive experience for users during the long-term health management. However, most reported intelligent electronics in human life need to be adhered conformably to key human body parts for accurate signal detection, giving rising to activity interference and wearing burden in the long-term usage. Herein, a highly sensitive flexible film pressure sensor with a folded structure configuration assembled from irradiation-cross linked polypropylene (IXPP) piezoelectret film featured with piezoelectric-like dynamic electrical output attributes are reported. Such simple folded structure incorporated specially into the device design endows the piezoelectric film sensor with merits such as enhanced sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent anti-interference capacity. Consequently, the sensor can achieve a linear pressure sensitivity of 92 pC/kPa over a wide pressure range of 0.6–62.4 kPa, a pressure resolution of 0.98%, and fast response/recovery time of 40 ms. The flexible piezoelectric film sensors are embedded into cushions and attached to the back of chairs for application demonstrations of non-contact sensing. Remarkably, low-frequency human motion and weak physiological signal detection are achieved in a non-contact mode by a highly sensitive piezoelectric sensing principle in an all-in-one configuration, simplifying the signal processing and monitoring system design. A vital sign monitoring system based on the intelligent cushion is further developed to unlock the health status of sedentary crowd. This is the first work that ever use commercially available irradiated cross-linked polypropylene (IXPP) film to design pressure sensor and such sensors are successfully connected to the commercial “C-life” smart home ecosystem, presenting strong practicability and application prospects of such films in smart households and remote healthcare beyond the laboratory.

Highly sensitive gas pressure sensor based on the hollow core Bragg fiber and harmonic Vernier effect.

A highly sensitive inline gas pressure sensor based on the hollow core Bragg fiber (HCBF) and harmonic Vernier effect (VE) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By sandwiching a segment of HCBF between the lead-in single-mode fiber (SMF) and the hollow core fiber (HCF), a cascaded Fabry-Perot interferometer is produced. The lengths of the HCBF and HCF are precisely optimized and controlled to generate the VE, achieving a high sensitivity of the sensor. Meanwhile, a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm is proposed to research the mechanism of the VE envelope, thus providing an effective way to improve the sensor's dynamic range based on calibrating the order of the dip. Theoretical simulations are investigated and matched well with the experimental results. The proposed sensor exhibits a maximum gas pressure sensitivity of 150.02 nm/MPa with a low temperature cross talk of 0.00235 MPa/ ∘C. All these advantages highlight the sensor's enormous potential for gas pressure monitoring under various extreme conditions.

A highly sensitive and wide-range pressure sensor based on orientated and strengthened TPU nanofiber membranes fabricated by a conjugated electrospinning technology

Flexible capacitive pressure sensors as one of the crucial sensing components have aroused widespread concern because of their vital role in development of wearable artificial devices, healthcare biomonitoring and human-machine interface. However, there has been a considerable challenge to successfully fabricate them with a tradeoff between high sensitivity and wide sensing range by low-cost and convenient manufacturing methods. Herein, the orientated thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber nanofiber membranes (TPU-O NMs) were prepared via conjugated electrospinning to build a dielectric layer for the flexible capacitive wide-range pressure sensors with high sensitivity. In addition, polyaniline (PANI) was in situ polymerized on the TPU-O NMs as flexible electrodes to maintain the conductive pathway, flexibility, and breathability of the sensors. The TPU@PANI NMs form a bamboo-raft-like microstructure between the aligned fibers under pressure, resulting in a significant increase in sensitivity and working range. Furthermore, the conductive TPU@PANI NMs can be stretched to 1600% without fracture. The assembled sensor has a high sensitivity of 31.73 kPa−1 and a fast response/recovery time of 96 ms. Meantime, it also exhibits a minimum detection limit of 1 Pa, an excellent stability of 10,000 cycles, and a good linearity in a broad working age (1 Pa∼122.5 kPa). Finally, the capacitive pressure sensor was successfully applied for full-range detection of human motions, such as finger bending, joint bending, and even boxing movements. Hence this highly sensitive and wide-range pressure sensor can be a promising candidate for healthcare monitoring, motion recognition, and wearable circuitry in artificial intelligence.

A Highly Sensitive Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Inter-Comb Structured Graphene Electrodes

Susceptible and flexible pressure sensors have broad application prospects and market demands in bionic skin, human–machine interface, and intelligent wearable electronic devices. However, optimizing the sensor’s sensitivity through a simple, low-cost process is still a considerable challenge. In this work, the sensitivity of a capacitive pressure sensor was effectively improved by optimizing the geometry of the laser-scribed graphene (LSG) electrodes. The pressure sensor, based on the inter-comb structured LSG electrodes and polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanofiber membrane (PVP NM) dielectric layer, has a high sensitivity (4.352 kPa <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-\text{1}}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> at 0–2 kPa), a fast response/recovery time (40/37 ms), an ultralow detection limit ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 12 Pa), and excellent mechanical stability (6000 cycles). The sensor developed in this research can be used in health monitoring such as carotid artery pulsation and respiratory disease. In addition, the 6 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 6 sensor array can precisely characterize the regional pressure distribution. This study demonstrates the significant potential of the inter-comb structured LSG electrodes in highly sensitive flexible pressure sensors.

Development of flexible piezoelectric sole with wireless communication for medical application

The subject of this article falls into the category of research themes on systems for medical applications with the objective of monitoring the patient at home via tools adapted to his pathology. In this context, we describe here the design of a sole for the analysis of the gait for detect the presence of anomalies in the foot characterized by a gait disorder, which can be related to a chronic disease. The collaboration with a podiatrist is an additional point in our study, it allows to define or better zones of significant pressure of the foot to analyze the data for transform these numeric values into medically exploitable information. The sole contains several pressure sensitive piezoelectric sensors developed at the IETR laboratory. The data obtained with the deformation of these sensors will be sent directly by Bluetooth using a wireless acquisition card, the information will automatically be saved on a cloud in which the doctor will have access at all times.

Numerical modelling of 1-dimensional silicon photonic crystal sensor for hydrostatic pressure measurement

Abstract In this work, a highly sensitive hydrostatic pressure sensor using one-dimensional (1D) photonic-crystal (PC) is designed and analyzed numerically for its sensing performance. The device design has silicon (Si) sensing layer at the top to sense the applied pressure. The proposed sensor performance has been studied for its pressure sensing, by applying boundary load on the sensing layer. The structure is designed, simulated and analyzed using an FEM tool. As the applied pressure is varied from 0 MPa to 10 MPa, resonant mode shifts towards the higher wavelength region. The effect of defect cavity length and the number of periods are also analyzed to choose the optimized value which enhances the sensor performance parameters. Simulation result shows that the proposed sensor has a very high sensitivity of 250 nm/GPa and Q-factor of 11,120 with the transmission of 99.99%.

Analysis of Abdominal Respiratory Sensor Performance in Sleep Apnea Conditions

Abdominal respiratory sensor is a sensor used to detect sleep apnea that is specifically for neonates, this sensor is specifically for neonates because the use of this sensor does not require a voltage input to activate the sensor. In the absence of voltage input so as not to disturb the heart rhythm in neonates. When the sensor is no longer elastic, the pressure difference generated by the sensor will be unstable so that the sensor cannot work optimally. With these conditions, the period of use of the sensor needs to be known how durable the sensor is when it is used on patients so that the sensor can maximally detect the occurrence of apnea in neonates. How many times have you been in apnea. This study uses an Arduino microcontroller to process the pressure value and RR value generated by the stomach sensor and the MPX5010dp pressure sensor. the research method used is to use a simulator to analyze the combination of abdominal sensors and pressure sensors to monitor apnea. If viewed based on the average error, the error value in the RR 10bpm setting is ±0.185%, the RR 15 setting is ±0.245%, and the setting RR 20bpm is ±0.383%. From the average error value, it can be said that the higher the RR setting value, the higher the average error for each decrease in pressure output. it can be concluded that the performance of the use of the Abdominal Respiratory Sensor and Pressure Sensor on the Apnea Monitoring module functions well in detecting RR according to the settings on the simulator for 3-day monitoring. The development that can be done in this research is to use a more sensitive pressure sensor so that the results obtained are more stable and make the module display more attractive.