Sensitive Chemiluminescence Probe Research Articles

A Sensitive Chemiluminescence Probe Based on Cerium (IV)-Sulfite Reaction for the Determination of Methamphetamine in Biological Samples and Street Drugs

A Sensitive Chemiluminescence Probe Based on Cerium (IV)-Sulfite Reaction for the Determination of Methamphetamine in Biological Samples and Street Drugs

Sulfur quantum dots as a novel platform to design a sensitive chemiluminescence probe and its application for Pb2+ detection.

The monitoring of Pb as a hazardous heavy metal element for the environment and human health is of high importance. In this study, a simple and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) probe based on sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) was designed for the determination of Pb2+ . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the analytical application of the CL method based on SQDs. For this purpose, SQDs were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Then, the direct CL of SQDs elicited by common oxidants was investigated. The highest CL intensity was observed for the SQDs-KMnO4 reaction, and its CL mechanism was studied. We indicated that the CL intensity of introduced system can be diminished as a result of the interaction between Pb2+ and SQDs, and exploited this fact for designing a CL-based probe for the determination of Pb2+ . The CL intensity of the SQDs-KMnO4 reaction was linearly quenched using Pb2+ in the range 50-2000 nM with a limit of detection of 16 nM (S/N = 3). The probe was used for the determination of Pb2+ in different water samples and the recovery results (95.2-102.8%) indicated the good analytical performance of the developed method.

Chemiluminescence imaging of UVA induced reactive oxygen species in mouse skin using L-012 as a probe

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by ultraviolet A (UVA) can be reduced by treating with antioxidants and photoprotective reagents. Here we reported a real-time chemiluminescence (CL) imaging method which was simple, non-invasive and sensitive to evaluate UVA-induced ROS generation and the efficacy of sunscreens and antioxidants in vivo. The in vitro experiments indicated that l-ascorbic acid, live SPSC01 yeast, and its intracellular metabolites can suppress the intensity of CL signals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which proved the good antioxidant ability of them. Meanwhile, we used 8-amino-5-chloro-7-phenylpyrido[3,4-d] pyridazine-1,4(2H,3H) dione (L-012) as a high sensitive CL probe for in vivo imaging of ROS generated by UVA irradiation. The CL intensity was reduced after treated with l-ascorbic acid and SPSC01 yeast intracellular metabolites, consistent with the in vitro results. Additionally, the in vivo protective capability of two azobenzene compounds as sunscreens was confirmed further through the suppression of CL signals of UVA-induced ROS in mouse skin by this method.

A Highly Efficient Chemiluminescence Probe for the Detection of Singlet Oxygen in Living Cells.

Singlet oxygen is among the reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the shortest life-times in aqueous media because of its extremely high reactivity. Therefore, designing sensors for detection of 1 O2 is perhaps one of the most challenging tasks in the field of molecular probes. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence probe (SOCL-CPP) for the detection of 1 O2 in living cells. The probe reacts with 1 O2 to form a dioxetane that spontaneously decomposes under physiological conditions through a chemiexcitation pathway to emit green light with extraordinary intensity. SOCL-CPP demonstrated promising ability to detect and image intracellular 1 O2 produced by a photosensitizer in HeLa cells during photodynamic therapy (PDT) mode of action. Our findings make SOCL-CPP the most effective known chemiluminescence probe for the detection of 1 O2 . We anticipate that our chemiluminescence probe for 1 O2 imaging would be useful in PDT-related applications and for monitoring 1 O2 endogenously generated by cells in response to different stimuli.

A Highly Efficient Chemiluminescence Probe for the Detection of Singlet Oxygen in Living Cells

AbstractSinglet oxygen is among the reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the shortest life‐times in aqueous media because of its extremely high reactivity. Therefore, designing sensors for detection of 1O2 is perhaps one of the most challenging tasks in the field of molecular probes. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence probe (SOCL‐CPP) for the detection of 1O2 in living cells. The probe reacts with 1O2 to form a dioxetane that spontaneously decomposes under physiological conditions through a chemiexcitation pathway to emit green light with extraordinary intensity. SOCL‐CPP demonstrated promising ability to detect and image intracellular 1O2 produced by a photosensitizer in HeLa cells during photodynamic therapy (PDT) mode of action. Our findings make SOCL‐CPP the most effective known chemiluminescence probe for the detection of 1O2. We anticipate that our chemiluminescence probe for 1O2 imaging would be useful in PDT‐related applications and for monitoring 1O2 endogenously generated by cells in response to different stimuli.

Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Peripheral Blood is Increased in Individuals with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Decreased after its Eradication

Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to cause gastroduodenal ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Recent studies have suggested that H. pylori infection may also associate with other diseases, including hematologic and dermatologic disorders, and cardiovascular injury, by unknown mechanisms. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined in peripheral blood samples from 86 patients (34 H. pylori-negative and 52 H. pylori-positive subjects) using a highly sensitive chemiluminescence probe, L-012 (8-amino-5-chloro-7-phenylpyrido(3,4-d) pyridazine-1 and 4 (2H, 3H) dione). Eleven H. pylori-positive individuals were also analyzed their ROS production in peripheral blood after H. pylori eradication. ROS production was significantly higher in individuals with H. pylori infection than in those without infection. Enhanced production of ROS was decreased significantly after eradication of H. pylori. No correlation was found between the extent of ROS production and sex, age, smoking status, alcohol ingestion, use of medications, or serum level of C-reactive protein. These findings suggest that ROS production was enhanced in peripheral blood by H. pylori infection. Chemiluminescence analysis of blood samples using L-012 permits evaluation of systemic oxidative stress in patients with H. pylori infection.

4,5-dimethylthio-4'-[2-(9-anthryloxy)ethylthio]tetrathiafulvalene, a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence probe for singlet oxygen.

4,5-Dimethylthio-4'-[2-(9-anthryloxy)ethylthio]tetrathiafulvalene has been designed and synthesized as a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) probe for singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)). The design strategy for the probe is directed by the idea of photoinduced electron-transfer process and carried out through the incorporation of electron-rich tetrathiafulvalene unit into a reactive luminophore of anthracene specific for (1)O(2). Upon reaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, or (1)O(2), the probe exhibits both strong CL response to and high selectivity for (1)O(2) only, rather than the other ROS. This remarkable CL property permits (1)O(2) to be distinguished easily from the other ROS and makes the probe possible to be used widely for (1)O(2) detection in many chemical and biological systems and even in light water (H(2)O) environments. This applicability has been demonstrated by monitoring the (1)O(2) generation in a metal-catalyzed decomposition system of tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Moreover, the CL reaction mechanism of the present system is also discussed, clearly confirming that the introduction of electron-rich tetrathiafulvalene into the 9-position of anthracene can greatly activate its reactivity toward (1)O(2).

A New Sensitive Chemiluminescence Probe, L-012, for Measuring the Production of Superoxide Anion by Cells

A sensitive chemiluminescence method for measuring the production of superoxide anion (O2−) by activated EoL-1 cells (human eosinophilic leukemia cell line) is described. Recently, we succeeded in synthesizing a new chemiluminescence probe, 8-amino-5-chloro-7-phenylpyrido[3,4-d]pyridazine- 1 ,4(2H,3H)dione (L-012). In the presence of L-012, activated EoL-1 cells which produce reactive oxygen species generated a marked chemiluminescence with negligible background. The L-012-dependent chemiluminescence was completely abolished by 100-300 U/ml superoxide dismutase, indicating that the main reactive oxygen species detected in this reaction was O2−. The light intensity and the sensitivity of L-012 to O2− were higher than those of other chemiluminescence probes such as luminol and Cypridina luciferin analog (MCLA). Thus, L-012 would provide an improved chemiluminescence method for measuring O2− from cells.