Sense Of Movement Research Articles

Naming Traditional Javanese Food Based on The Experience of The Sense of Motion

Various Javanese foods have the same ingredients and taste, but they vary in name based on the region it is made in. The difference is caused by people’s sensual expressions based on the traditional food they have. The senses discussed in this paper are limited to the sense of motion. This paper uses a qualitative method to explain and describe various data points. The analysis techniques used were direct (agih) and indirect (padan). The direct technique is an analysis of language elements, in this case, related to the formation of words that are used as food names; while the indirect technique is an analytical technique that connects elements of language with elements outside of language, in this case, related to the iconic depiction of the human senses. The results showed that the name of the foods was motivated by the description of the sense of motion, such as cucur, sawut, cenil, ongol-ongol, gablok, jadah, and oblok-oblok.
 Keywords: traditional food; sense of motion; language elements

Tiltable objective microscope visualizes selectivity for head motion direction and dynamics in zebrafish vestibular system

Spatio-temporal information about head orientation and movement is fundamental to the sense of balance and motion. Hair cells (HCs) in otolith organs of the vestibular system transduce linear acceleration, including head tilt and vibration. Here, we build a tiltable objective microscope in which an objective lens and specimen tilt together. With in vivo Ca2+ imaging of all utricular HCs and ganglion neurons during 360° static tilt and vibration in pitch and roll axes, we reveal the direction- and static/dynamic stimulus-selective topographic responses in larval zebrafish. We find that head vibration is preferentially received by striolar HCs, whereas static tilt is preferentially transduced by extrastriolar HCs. Spatially ordered direction preference in HCs is consistent with hair-bundle polarity and is preserved in ganglion neurons through topographic innervation. Together, these results demonstrate topographically organized selectivity for direction and dynamics of head orientation/movement in the vestibular periphery.

THE INTER-RATER AND INTRA-RATER RELIABILITY OF GLENOHUMERAL JOINT POSITION AND MOVEMENT SENSE TESTS APPLIED USING AN ISOKINETIC DYNAMOMETER

Purpose: This study aimed to test the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of glenohumeral joint (GHJ) position and movement sense tests of an isokinetic dynamometer in healthy individuals.
 Methods: The study included 17 healthy subjects (8 female). GHJ position and movement sense tests were applied by two raters with an isokinetic dynamometer to the dominant extremity. Both tests were performed while GHJ positioned 90° abduction and elbow flexion, reference angles for position sense were 30°-60° internal and external rotation and movement sense tests were conducted at 0.1°/s to the both internal and external rotation directions. The error score, by averaging the three trials, was measured as the absolute difference between the target angle and the observed angle.
 Results: The different error types calculated for position sense were in the range of mean 0.02±1.62- 5.42±1.74. The ICC value for the different error types was determined in the range of 0.038 - 0.657 for the intra-rater tests, and 0.095-0.779 for the inter-rater tests. The movement sense test results for different directions and angles ranged from 9.61±2.61 to 11.18±2.89. The ICC values for movemeent sense were in the range of 0.687-0.912 for the intra-rater tests, and 0.844-0.925 for the inter-rater tests.
 Conclusion: The isokinetic dynamometer showed moderate-good intra-rater and inter-rater test reliability in the measurement of the GHJ internal rotation movement sense. The intra-rater test reliability was poor in external rotation but the inter-rater test reliability was moderate-good. However in the measurement of movement sense, the isokinetic dynamometer showed intra-rater and inter-rater test reliability at an excellent level. The conformity of both the position and the movement sense tests, and therefore, the repeatability, was extremely good.

An alternative approach for limit analysis of masonry arches on moving supports in finite small displacements

Static and kinematic theorems for limit analysis of masonry arches on moving supports are herein reformulated in terms of work done by loads. These new formulations are more advantageous because they avoid having to perform the static analysis aimed at computing the reaction of the moving support. The set of statically or kinematically admissible mechanisms in which the theorems hold are identified by using the kinematic analysis approach in finite small displacements. It is demonstrated that, since a pair of “theoretical” mechanisms can be identified for a given hinge pattern, direction, sense and magnitude of movement of a support, the analyst must consider only one of them to establish whether it should be included in the set of statically or kinematically admissible mechanisms, and disregard the other, otherwise the settlement mechanism detected is incorrect. Theoretical and mathematical formulations to identify the right one are provided. Finally, the “scale-effect” on the configuration of the settlement mechanism is investigated.

Paleostress Analysis in the Northern Birjand, East of Iran: Insights from Inversion of Fault-Slip Data

This research assessed stress regimes and fields in eastern Iran using fault-slip data and the tectonic events associated with these changes. Our stress analysis of the brittle structures in the Shekarab Mountains revealed significant changes in stress regimes from the late Cretaceous to the Quaternary. Reconstructing stress fields using the age and sense of fault movements showed that during the late Cretaceous, the direction of the maximum horizontal stress axes (σ1) under a compressional stress regime was ~N290°. This stress regime led to the uplifting of ophiolites and peridotites in eastern Iran. During the Eocene, the σ1 direction was NE-SW. The late Eocene and Oligocene stress states showed two distinct transpression and transtension stress regimes. This transition from transpression to transtension in the eastern Shekarab Mountains was the consequence of regional variations in stress regimes. The Quaternary stress state indicates that the tectonic regime in the Quaternary is strike-slip and the σ1 direction is ~N046°, which coincides with the current convergence direction of the Arabia–Eurasia plates. Our paleostress analysis revealed that four distinct stress regimes have been recognized in the area, including compressional, transtensional, transpressional, and strike-slip regimes. Our findings indicated that the diversity of the tectonic regimes was responsible for the formation of a variety of geological structures, including folds with different axes, faults with different mechanisms, and the current configuration of the Sistan suture zone.

Evocations: A Visual Song/Poem for Canaipa

Evocations is a video work made from photographs taken at the conservation-zoned Turtle Swamp Wetlands on Canaipa (Russell Island) in southern Moreton Bay, Quandamooka Country, Queensland, Australia. The accompanying poem is a written response to the images, and evokes their sense of movement and energy.

2019 Mw 6.0 Mesetas (Colombia) Earthquake Sequence: Insights From Integrating Seismic and Morphostructural Observations

AbstractThe boundary between the Northern Andean block and the South American plate is a first‐order tectonic structure in Colombia with historically M > 7 earthquakes. However, details about individual sections of the system remain unknown. We illuminate the seismotectonic of the Algeciras fault by investigating an earthquake sequence that started on 24 December 2019. Using seismic networks at region, we estimate foreshocks and aftershocks focal mechanisms, local stress field, kinematic slip models of the largest events, and Coulomb stress changes. We integrate seismological and morphostructural observations to characterize source properties and reinterpret local faults. Two mainshocks (doublet of Mw 6.0 and 5.8) occurred within 16 min, rupturing just a few kilometers from each other. Discrimination of causative faults among the centroid moment‐tensor nodal planes is difficult because the focal zone is a complex tectonic environment. The focal mechanisms and the local stress field obtained are consistent with a regional NE trending dextral transpressive shear. The relocated aftershocks show a cluster with an L‐shaped pattern concentrated in a ∼7 × 7 km area. Our model defines the Algeciras fault with two structural styles for its northern termination. The NW part is characterized by a duplex‐style of right‐lateral strike‐slip with inner secondary faults of the same sense of movement, and the SE zone by a domino‐style system with inner minor faults of sinistral kinematics. The earthquake doublet is in the zone characterized by the duplex style. In contrast, the southern part of the aftershocks is located in the zone characterized by the domino style.

Harriman-Smith, James. Criticism, Performance, and the Passions in the Eighteenth Century: The Art of Transition

Harriman-Smith, James. <i>Criticism, Performance, and the Passions in the Eighteenth Century: The Art of Transition</i>

The Diachronic Evolution of Polysemous Motion Verbs in Chinese—A Case Study of Zǒu ‘Walk’

Based on the actual uses of the polysemous motion verb zǒu ‘walk’ in the corpora of Chinese texts from Old Chinese to Modern Chinese period, this paper argues that the directed motion sense of the manner verb mainly derives from pragmatic inference from the contexts and cognitive preference for the conceptualization of motion events. In addition, it is essential that favorable morphosyntactic constructions in the language promote the pragmatic sense to be lexicalized as the verb’s lexical meaning. That is, the specific direction encoded in the verb and its grammatical behaviors are not fully determined by the lexical semantics of the verb itself as the grammatical constructions available in the language also account for the evolution of its lexical semantics and grammatical behaviors.

What Is Known About How Physiotherapy Students Make Sense of Movement as a Component of the Clinical Reasoning Process? A Scoping Review

Background: Observing and analysing movement is a core component of the diagnostic process of physiotherapists and yet, little is known about how students understand the role of movement within the clinical reasoning process. In recent years, there has been an increase in research regarding the importance of movement within the reasoning process of physiotherapists. The way in which movement is observed and analysed directly impacts diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Purpose: This purpose of this scoping review is to determine what is known about how students understand movement and the role of movement within the clinical reasoning process. Methods: A systematic search of the databases CINAHL, ERIC, GALE, PubMed, MEDLINE and SCOPUS between the years of 2011 and 2021 was conducted by the author. Reference lists of included studies were also scanned. Studies were included if they discussed the concept of movement in relation to the clinical reasoning process, how students learn to clinically reason, or how physiotherapists incorporate movement into their reasoning processes, and qualitative data analysis was undertaken. Results: Ten articles remained after the screening processes. Data was extracted, by one reviewer, into a template that included the characteristics of each paper and four key themes were developed in order to answer the research question. These themes will be discussed further throughout this review. Conclusion: The findings of this review suggest that there is limited evidence regarding how students understand movement within the clinical reasoning process. Further research on this topic is important for the physiotherapy profession, academics and clinical educators as it might demonstrate a gap in the way that clinical reasoning is currently taught and could create a shift in the way movement is considered as a component of the clinical reasoning process.

Letters from Filadelfia: Early Latino Literature and the Trans-American Elite

Letters from Filadelfia: Early Latino Literature and the Trans-American Elite

The Function of the Proprioceptive, Vestibular and Visual Systems Following Fatigue in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability.

To maintain postural balance, the proprioceptive, vestibular, and visual systems continuously provide body position and movement data to the central nervous system. In this study, our main aim was to examine, for the first time, the influence of anaerobically or aerobically induced fatigue on these separate functions in persons with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI). We obtained assessments pre- and post-fatigue protocols from 60 physical education students (Mage = 24.3, SD = 3.4) Twenty-seven students had CAI, and 33 students did not have CAI). To measure proprioception, we used the AMEDA device; for vision, we used near point of convergence (NPC); and, for vestibular function, we used subjective visual vertical (SVV). We found a pre-post proprioception (AMEDA) effect in the aerobic group (p < .001), and a visual (NPC) effect in both anaerobic and aerobic participant groups (both p < .001). There were no visual system (NPC) fatigue effect differences among aerobic or anerobic participants who had or did not have CAI (p = .047); there was a significant aerobic fatigue effect on proprioception (AMEDA) (p = .010) that favored participants without CAI. There was a significant interaction effect between time of testing and CAI for visual (NPC) (p = .003) in the aerobic group only. In both the anaerobic and aerobic groups, post-fatigue vestibular function (AMEDA) was significantly lower for those with than those without CAI (anaerobic: p = .030; and aerobic: p =.016). Thus, post-fatigue, participants with CAI showed worse proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular function than those without CAI. Future investigators should further examine each movement sense system in individuals with CAI.

From protection to non-protection: A mixed methods study investigating movement, posture and recovery from disabling low back pain.

Movement and posture are commonly believed to relate to low back pain (LBP). Yet, we know little about how people make sense of the relationship between their LBP, movement and posture, particularly after recovery. We aimed to qualitatively explore this understanding, how it changes and how it relates to quantitative changes. A mixed method study in the context of an existing single-case design involving 12 people with disabling non-specific LBP. Interviews were conducted before and after a 12-week physiotherapy-led Cognitive Functional Therapy intervention, and qualitative findings from these were integrated with individualized, quantitative measures of movement, posture, psychological factors, pain and activity limitation. Strong beliefs about movement and posture were identified during the baseline interviews. Lived experiences of tension and stiffness characterized the embodiment of 'nonconscious protection', while healthcare and societal messages prompted pain-related fear and 'conscious protection'. Through varied journeys, most participants reported improvements over time with less protective movement and postural strategies. For some, being less protective required focused attention ('conscious non-protection'), but most returned to automatic, normal and fearless patterns ('nonconscious non-protection'), forgetting about their LBP. One participant reported no meaningful shift, remaining protective. Greater spinal range, faster movement, more relaxed postures and less back muscle EMG accompanied positive changes in self-report factors. The findings offer a framework for understanding how people make sense of movement and posture during the process of recovery from persistent, disabling non-specific LBP. This involved a re-conceptualisation of movement and posture, from threatening, to therapeutic. Findings from qualitative interviews before and after a Cognitive Functional Therapy intervention in 12 people with disabling low back pain highlighted an individualized recovery journey from conscious and nonconscious protection to conscious non-protection for some, and nonconscious non-protection for many. Pre and post-quantitative measures of movement, posture, psychological factors, pain and activity limitation integrated well with the qualitative findings. The findings suggest movement and posture may form part of a multidimensional pain schema.

Bernard Bailyn on the Craft and Art of Historical Writing

Bernard Bailyn on the Craft and Art of Historical Writing

Illuminating History: A Retrospective of Seven Decades

Illuminating History: A Retrospective of Seven Decades

Ireland, Literature, and the Coast: Seatangled by Nicholas Allen

<i>Ireland, Literature, and the Coast: Seatangled</i> by Nicholas Allen

Motion Generation for Crane Simulators Using Streamlined Motion Blending Technology

For development of a simulator with a motion platform to generate an appropriate motion to reproduce the motion sense for the users, one of the most significant but disregarded complicated tasks is to build up a dynamic virtual motion model to reflect the motion of the simulated object in the corresponding physical world. Recently, a motion generation method based on motion blending technology was developed to alleviate the complication involved. It decomposes the simulated motion into a great number of parameterized motion blocks which are depicted by real motion data acquired from field tests and stored in a database. This paper proposes a streamlined motion blending technology suitable for a container crane simulator to further improve the current motion generation method based on the motion blending technology. Motion components, rather than motion blocks specially marked and stored in a database, are taken as the basic motion unit easily acquired through united analysis of crane dynamics and motion perception characteristics. They are then blended on demand to produce a one-stop model to directly act as the driving command of the motion platform without the need for a subsequent dedicated wash-out procedure. The calculation workload is greatly reduced and finally allows for achievement of higher fidelity of motion perceptions. Experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed streamlined motion blending technology for motion perception generation. Better training effect is found to be achieved due to more realistic simulation effects. The comprehensive training effectiveness index is enhanced from 54% to 82% once a motion simulation system developed using the proposed approach is introduced into the crane simulator.

Demographic and etiological analysis of peripheral vertigo, as a common public health problem

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Vertigo was defined by Gowers in 1893 as any movement or sense of movement either in the individual himself or in external environment that involves a defect, real or seeming in the equilibrium of body. The aim of present study was evaluation of demographics and etiology of patient presenting with vertigo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The study was prospective study. Present study consisted of an assessment of 55 cases of vertigo whose examination was conducted in the ENT department. All patients were evaluated for the various causes of vertigo and include all the age group and both sexes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Out of 55 patients, 80% belonged to 21-50 years age group. In present study, 29 cases out of 55 cases were diagnosed as a case of BPPV. Among them 22 diagnosed as posterior canal BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) and 7 as horizontal canal BPPV.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The maximum number of patients belongs in the 4 decades. Of the associated sign and symptoms dizziness is most common than dizziness with other sign and symptoms. Among peripheral causes posterior canal BPPV is most common. This approach leads not only to diagnosis but also helps to plan the intervention for the patient. In the present study, 12 cases (21.8%) were diagnosed clinically normal. It shows those tests used in this study are efficient to diagnose true or false vertigo.&lt;/p&gt;

Wearable Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition with Hybrid Deep Learning Model

It is undeniable that mobile devices have become an inseparable part of human’s daily routines due to the persistent growth of high-quality sensor devices, powerful computational resources and massive storage capacity nowadays. Similarly, the fast development of Internet of Things technology has motivated people into the research and wide applications of sensors, such as the human activity recognition system. This results in substantial existing works that have utilized wearable sensors to identify human activities with a variety of techniques. In this paper, a hybrid deep learning model that amalgamates a one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network with a bidirectional long short-term memory (1D-CNN-BiLSTM) model is proposed for wearable sensor-based human activity recognition. The one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network transforms the prominent information in the sensor time series data into high level representative features. Thereafter, the bidirectional long short-term memory encodes the long-range dependencies in the features by gating mechanisms. The performance evaluation reveals that the proposed 1D-CNN-BiLSTM outshines the existing methods with a recognition rate of 95.48% on the UCI-HAR dataset, 94.17% on the Motion Sense dataset and 100% on the Single Accelerometer dataset.

A new robot-based proprioceptive training algorithm to induce sensorimotor enhancement in the human wrist.

Afferent proprioceptive signals, responsible for body awareness, have a crucial role when planning and executing motor tasks. Increasing evidence suggests that proprioceptive sensory training may improve motor performance. Although this topic had been partially investigated, there was a lack of studies involving the wrist joint. Proprioception at the wrist level is particularly relevant to interact with the environment through actions that require an accurate sense of position and motion, and fine haptic perception. In this study, we implemented and tested a robotic training algorithm of human wrist proprioception. The proposed task was a continuous tracking in the workspace identified by flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation movements. Healthy subjects were haptically guided towards the target, without any visual feedback of the position of the end- effector. Our results showed that, after the training, participants improved their motor performance in a different tracking task, completely active and with visual feedback Additionally, the training led them to more efficient use of kinesthetic feedback during haptically-guided reaching tasks. Our findings demonstrated that the proposed training algorithm of wrist proprioception induced a task-specific sensorimotor enhancement. From the perspective of a rehabilitative intervention, this robot-based training has the potential to improve motor functions and the quality of life of subjects with sensorimotor deficits.