Sense Of Confidence Research Articles

A Mixed-Method Analysis of Persisting Effects Associated with Positive Outcomes Following Ibogaine Detoxification

ABSTRACTWe examined persisting effects, self-perceived challenges, and potential benefits associated with positive outcomes following ibogaine detoxification using data collected as part of a larger online retrospective study of 73 patients who received treatment for chronic opioid use in Mexico between 2012 and 2015. A mixed-methods design was used comparing treatment responders versus non-responders, as well as content coding of themes from open-ended questions. Most participants reported positive persisting effects of ibogaine detoxification (e.g., enhanced personal sense of gratitude and authenticity, and meaning and appreciation for life). Compared to non-responders, treatment responders endorsed greater persisting changes in their ability to tolerate difficult/painful feelings, capacity for coping with stress, and reduced unhealthy anger. Treatment responders reported greater change in subjective levels of inner peace, joy, feelings of love/openheartedness, and experiences of sacredness in life. Qualitative analyses revealed that treatment responders reported a heightened sense of spiritual awareness and greater connection to their intra-/interpersonal relationships after ibogaine detoxification. Notable challenges of ibogaine detoxification included psychological and health-related difficulties during treatment and challenges with post-treatment integration. Findings highlight the persisting effects associated with positive response to ibogaine detoxification and possible post-treatment needs (i.e., more integration/aftercare resources). Future research using rigorous experimental designs is needed.

PENGARUH KONSEP DIRI TERHADAP INTENSI MEMBELI PRODUK BERMEREK PADA REMAJA DI JAKARTA

<p><em>Adolescence is generally focused on the physical appearance of an influence on the way they perceive themselves or are known by the term self-concept. Purchase intention each of individual is believed to be influenced by self- concept, because in it increased sense of self confidence. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of self-concept to the intention to purchase a branded product in adolescents in Jakarta. This study uses quantitative methods with the type of causal comparative research. The study involved 158 adolescents who have been through the assessment stage of self-criticism with an age range of 15-21 years. Characteristics of the subjects in this study, namely young men and women, aged 15-21 yearsin Jakarta, and ever purchase a minimum of one kind of branded products. This research analyzed at the effect of self-concept on the purchase intention by using simple linear regression techniques. The analysis results, showing that the self-concept have a significant influence on the purchase intention a branded product. The effect from self-concept by 5.9%, so there are 94.1% other factors that influence could factors are environmental influences and the value of a product. Therefore, it is advisable for adolescence to be more responsible and wise before deciding to purchase a product. In addition, parents are also expected to be able to monitor and restrict children spending.</em></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Self-Concept, Purchase Intention, Adolescence</em>

Big Brain Data: On the Responsible Use of Brain Data from Clinical and Consumer-Directed Neurotechnological Devices

The focus of this paper are the ethical, legal and social challenges for ensuring the responsible use of “big brain data”—the recording, collection and analysis of individuals’ brain data on a large scale with clinical and consumer-directed neurotechnological devices. First, I highlight the benefits of big data and machine learning analytics in neuroscience for basic and translational research. Then, I describe some of the technological, social and psychological barriers for securing brain data from unwarranted access. In this context, I then examine ways in which safeguards at the hardware and software level, as well as increasing “data literacy” in society, may enhance the security of neurotechnological devices and protect the privacy of personal brain data. Regarding ethical and legal ramifications of big brain data, I first discuss effects on the autonomy, the sense of agency and authenticity, as well as the self that may result from the interaction between users and intelligent, particularly closed-loop, neurotechnological devices. I then discuss the impact of the “datafication” in basic and clinical neuroscience research on the just distribution of resources and access to these transformative technologies. In the legal realm, I examine possible legal consequences that arises from the increasing abilities to decode brain states and their corresponding subjective phenomenological experiences on the hitherto inaccessible privacy of these information. Finally, I discuss the implications of big brain data for national and international regulatory policies and models of good data governance.

Is Leader Humility a Friend or Foe, or Both? An Attachment Theory Lens on Leader Humility and Its Contradictory Outcomes

As studies continue to accumulate on leader humility, it has become clear that humility (one of the moral virtues) in a leader is largely beneficial to his or her followers. While the majority of the empirical research on this topic has demonstrated the positive effects of leader humility, this study challenges that consensus by arguing that a leader’s humble behavior can have contradictory outcomes in followers’ voice behavior. Drawing on attachment theory, we develop a model which takes into account the ways in which leader humility influences the seemingly contradictory voice behavior of followers, i.e., inducing challenging voice (promoting the flexibility toward changes), and defensive voice (showing the persistence toward changes) depending on the followers’ sense of security as reflected by feeling trusted (sensing the leaders’ confidence in them) and self-efficacy for voice (sense of self-confidence). The results of this empirical study confirm that leader humility influences followers’ voice in a contradictory way through their sense of security.

Designing Meaning and Identity in Multiliteracies Pedagogy: From Multilingual Subjects to Authentic Speakers

Author(s): Blyth, Carl | Abstract: This essay examines textual engagement of two students during a Multiliteracies lesson on a French poem (Liberte, Paul Eluard) in terms of the multilingual subject (Kramsch, 2009) and the authentic speaker (Van Compernolle, 2016). The case studies are based on personal data: (1) the students’ autobiographies written on the first day of the course; (2) the transcript of their annotated comments about the poem; (3) their essays comparing the French poem to an English translation; and (4) their retrospective analysis about the effects of the multiliteracies lesson and course. The essay begins with a review of the Multiliteracies Framework, and the concepts of the multilingual subject and the authentic speaker. Next, the essay turns to a description of the subjective experiences of the two learners. Finally, the essay illustrates how the two students filtered the poem through their own subjectivities to arrive at a new sense of multilingual authenticity.

Virtual Trauma: Prospects for Automediality

Unlike some current discourse on automediality, this essay eschews most of the analysis concerning the adoption or modification of avatars to deliberately enhance, extend or distort the self. Rather than the automedial enabling of alternative, virtual selves modified by playful, confronting or disarming avatars we concentrate instead on emerging efforts to present the self in hyper-realist, interactive modes...

What makes students feel authentic in an integrated RE classroom?

The focus of this article is on 9th grade students’ (N = 9) perceptions on aspects that make them feel authentic in integrated religious education (RE) lessons among students of various faiths. All of the students had previously studied RE in segregated groups. The data was collected in a collaborative teaching experiment in Finland with student interviews. The students included young people between the ages of 15 and 16 from Lutheran RE, Orthodox RE and ethics instruction. The analysis identified five themes the students reported as having contributed to their sense of authenticity in RE: neutral pedagogical approach, approving social climate concerning diverse beliefs, space for different worldviews in instruction, group composition concerning beliefs and the position of the teacher regarding religion and his/her students.

Trabalho docente em cursos livres de idiomas: discurso direto e a voz da hierarquia

RESUMO Este artigo procura focalizar um aspecto da atividade do professor que atua em cursos livres de idiomas. Traz uma análise de falas de docentes sobre o seu trabalho, produzidas pelo dispositivo entrevista; mais especificamente, tematiza o processo de seleção e o treinamento que antecederam a sua contratação. As ciências da linguagem sob a perspectiva do método sociológico, tal como desenvolvido por Mikhail Bakhtin e o Círculo, serão o marco teórico da investigação, assim como a abordagem ergológica da atividade. Com relação aos recursos linguístico-discursivos empregados pelos professores nas entrevistas, é possível observar, nos fragmentos analisados neste artigo, a presença constante do discurso citado, especialmente as ocorrências de discurso direto, por meio do qual se constrói um efeito de sentido de autenticidade e se marcam as fronteiras com relação à voz da hierarquia. Ademais, a percepção autoritária da palavra alheia, seu nível de segurança ideológica e de dogmatismo também explicam o recurso ao discurso direto.

Significant Work Is About Self-Realization and Broader Purpose: Defining the Key Dimensions of Meaningful Work.

Research on meaningful work has proliferated in recent years, with an increasing understanding of the centrality of meaningfulness for work-related motivation, commitment, and well-being. However, ambiguity around the main construct, “meaningful work,” has hindered this progress as various researchers have used partly overlapping, partly differing conceptualizations. To bring clarity to this issue, we examine a broad range of various definitions of meaningful work and come to argue that meaningfulness in the broadest sense is about work significance as an overall evaluation of work as regards whether it is intrinsically valuable and worth doing. Furthermore, we argue that there are two key sub-dimensions to this work significance: Broader purpose as work serving some greater good or prosocial goals (the intrinsic value of work beyond the person in question). And self-realization as a sense of autonomy, authenticity and self-expression at work (the intrinsic value of work for the person in question). Previous definitions of meaningful work feature typically one or two of these elements—significance, broader purpose, self-realization –, but in the future it would be beneficial to clearly acknowledge all three elements in both definitions and operationalizations of meaningful work.

Invisible cobwebs in teamwork-Impediments to the care of patients with heart failure: A qualitative study.

This study was done to explore team member's perception regarding impediments to the care of patients with heart failure (HF). Complex, chronic HF patients require interprofessional teams to address their multiple health needs. Working in a team has some challenges in achieving goals. Sociocultural differences in Iranian therapeutic team members causes some impediments to provide effective care in the form of a team. Data were collected through unstructured in-depth interviews with 58 team members in caring for the patients with HF. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using content analysis. Twelve subcategories and 5 categories were formed: inefficient supportive network, inadequacy of training and treatment, affectability and variability challenges for the team, arduous working conditions, and heavy physicians shadow on nursing. The final theme emerged as "Invisible cobwebs in teamwork." Despite teamwork being an efficient way of achieving goals, several impediments like a cobweb hinder it from becoming fully exploited. Teamwork has a desirable output when all the members feel the same sense of authority and see themselves in an integrated team and managers have a crucial role in removing these impediments.

Do students feel authentic in integrated RE? A quantitative analysis

The purpose of this article is to present quantitative results concerning students’ sense of authenticity during a teaching experiment conducted in Finnish ninth grade religious education classes in 2014. In this experiment, students (N = 24) from three different faith traditions (Lutheran, Orthodox, secular humanist) studied ethical contents together on four subsequent lessons. The analysis showed some differences in students’ experiences of common trait authenticity and lesson-specific experiences of state authenticity but in general, the students felt welcome in the integrated RE lessons. There was not a lot of difference between girls and boys but Orthodox students seemed to be more complacent than the other students. This article adheres to the view that the ability to be authentic is one of the prerequisites of successful spiritual education and it seems that meeting this prerequisite is possible, even among students who have previously studied in segregated religious education.

“Ghosts From the Past”: The Re-Emergence of Internalized Religious Stigma Following Diagnosis of HIV Among Northern Irish Gay Men

ABSTRACTThis article explores how previous exposure to religious homonegativity features in the sense-making process following HIV diagnosis in a homogenous sample of six gay men living in Northern Ireland. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to identify two key overarching themes: Negotiating authenticity in unsafe space, which relates to the experience of negotiating same-sex attraction within religious environments, and Re-emergence of religious shame in diagnosis, which relates to the way in which the men made sense of diagnosis from the position of having been exposed to religious homonegativity earlier in their lives. Findings demonstrate how the men negotiated their sexual orientation within religious contexts and how a reconstruction of God was necessary to preserve an authentic sense of self. Despite reaching reconciliation, HIV was initially appraised within a retributive religious framework that served to temporarily reinforce previously learned shame-based models of understanding this aspect of the self.

Places From The Past Lost In New Towns: Hong Kong’s Old Villages

This article reports about what remains in New Towns from the site's former structures. We wanted to know whether NTs, despite being landmarks of modernistic drawing table cities, adopted pieces of their site’s history in their urban forms, in a growing awareness that historic structures add place distinctiveness. Our study was prompted by two observations. The first was that the perspective on historic structures in Western planning practices has changed dramatically over the last decades, from a preservationist perspective on conserving particular buildings, to a practice of including the history of places as an asset in urban design. Original canals, main roads, street patterns and small settlements may be adopted to give new neighbourhoods a sense of authenticity and allow them to tell the story of the site's past. The second observation was that Asia has witnessed the emergence of mega cities and New Towns for more than a decade, and will probably continue to do so. As their urban expansion will inevitably cover landscapes with a past, in terms of villages, infrastructures and communities, the question rises if and how these histories are included in the urban design of such expanding Asian cities. We chose to analyse how in Hong Kong, with a long tradition of developing a total of 9 New Towns so far, old structures have been included in NT design. Based on historic maps, NT Masterplans and site visits, we show that in most of HK's NTs, the villages and towns that were on these sites have been preserved. The extent to which they are an asset to the surrounding NT today is low and did not increase over time.

Relationship Between One's View of the Past and a Sense of Fulfilment and Authenticity in University Students

Relationship Between One's View of the Past and a Sense of Fulfilment and Authenticity in University Students

Ural Pictures by Roman Semashkevich: The Principle of Narration

This article analyses the Ural period in the creative work of R. M. Semashkevich and the master’s previously unknown works. Contemporaries perceived the artist as a person of natural talent, who abstained from disputes about the ways of development of Soviet art. However, Semashkevich’s correspondence testifies to his critical view of the decision of the authorities to limit creative freedom, he wanted to demonstrate a different approach to socialist realism. It was important for him to build a method by which a painter, even staying within the framework of the ideological order, would be able to cultivate objective artistic values. Semashkevich’s artistic method of the early 1930s is characterised by the significant role of the pace of drawing; in his sketches, created in rapid succession, in one breath, the viewer is captured not only by their external accuracy, but also by the author’s passion, his mastery of the “narrator”. The directness of the “narrative” with all the possible angularities and conventions gives the viewer a sense of complicity, and it is on this that the artist builds his principle of narrative. It was important for the master not only to fix nature, but also to find a composition move, and build a figurative scene in a figurative way. The artist went on a trip across Northern Urals (1933) and then worked in Zlatoust (1934–1935), trying to find his “direction in the present”. His creative business trip became an opportunity for him to realise his individual artistic programme: he borrowed his plots from stories by old Bolsheviks — participants of the Revolution and the Civil war, and developed a special system of narration, combining elements of primitivism, popular print, and references to Barbizon painters and Cezanne. At a personal exhibition in Zlatoust, he presented historical and revolutionary paintings in which he demonstrated his understanding of the new realistic art. Using “graphic paradoxes” and colour dissonances, he created a sense of internally contradictory historical action in which casual episodes were characterised by the power of a heroic legend, and the artistic system verging on the primitivism or theatrical decorativeness gave rise to a sense of authenticity.

Sobre la verdad de la palabra

El título de esta presentación alude, intencionalmente, al libro de Hans-Georg Gadamer Arte y verdad de la palabra, y específicamente al artículo “Acerca de la verdad de la palabra”. Allí, el filósofo se pregunta “¿Cuál es la palabra auténtica, es decir, no la palabra en que se dice algo verdadero o incluso la verdad suprema sino la palabra en su sentido más auténtico?” (1998, p. 20). La pregunta es patente, no indaga sobre el problema de la verdad sino sobre la posibilidad que tiene la palabra de ser ella misma.

The Impact of Travel Brochures on Perceptions of Authenticity at Aboriginal Tourist Sites

This study examines the relationships among effective travel brochures, tourists' characteristics, and perceptions of authenticity of aboriginal heritage sites. Using as a target research scene two aboriginal stone pillars on Taiwan's East Coast, a total of 405 questionnaires are collected and analyzed. Empirical results reveal that tourists' perceptions toward travel brochure usage differ significantly, depending on their gender, people who they are traveling with, and the methods of transportation. More specifically, this study also finds that tourists' type of travel companion and methods of transportation significantly influence their perceptions of authenticity during a visit to aboriginal heritage sites. Tourists generally feel that effective travel brochures can enrich their visit experience, assist trip planning, and enhance the sense of authenticity of the introduced aboriginal heritage sites. Given the significant effects that an effective travel brochure has in strengthening tourists' perceived authenticity, the relevant destination management institutions could cooperate with both formal educational institutes and informal continuing learning centers in transferring their knowledge into the design of effective travel brochures.

From eating identity to authentic selfhood: Identity transformation in eating disorder sufferers following psychotherapy

BackgroundThe following article illustrates the development of the identity configuration process of Chilean female patients with an eating disorder (ED) following successful psychotherapeutic treatment.MethodThis was a qualitative, descriptive study, which explored patients' subjective perspectives. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 female patients, and data were analysed according to procedures established by the Grounded Theory method.ResultsFour dimensions of identity were identified: (1) self‐image as idealised versus imperfect; (2) knowledge of one's inner world; (3) impulse control; and (4) life goals. Transcending these themes was the central notion of identity and a shift in this identity from someone who defines themselves by their eating disorder toward a more authentic and complex sense of self.ConclusionResults suggest that successful treatment facilitates the construction of an authentic identity, which includes developing a more realistic and complex understanding of themselves and their emotional and physical needs.

Clinical characteristics of patients with diagnostic uncertainty of major depressive disorder.

Physicians do not always confidently diagnose psychiatric disorders. The present study was conducted to identify the clinical characteristics of patients in whom a definitive diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) could not be established. The participants were 199 consecutive outpatients with MDD, who were comprehensively diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The physician in charge of each patient quantified his/her sense of self-confidence in diagnosing the patient with MDD using the self-rating questionnaire in which the score ranged from 1 (not at all confident) to 5 (definitely MDD). Using multiple logistic regression, the demographic and clinical factors of the patients in the low diagnostic confidence group (score less than or equal to 3, n=79) were compared with those in the high diagnostic confidence group (more than 3, n=120). Comorbidity of anxiety disorders (odds ratio (OR), 4.7), absence of remission (OR, 3.6), and non-melancholic features (OR, 3.5) were identified as the most discriminative variables associated with the low diagnostic confidence of MDD. The results show that physicians were unable to confidently diagnose MDD in 40% of the cases, and that comorbidity of anxiety disorders, absence of remission, and non-melancholic features independently predicted the diagnostic uncertainty of MDD.

A Candid Advantage? The Social Benefits of Candid Photos

Photos are a ubiquitous mode of social communication. Analysis of thousands of online profiles finds that people overwhelmingly post posed photos of themselves. But might candids actually lead observers to react more favorably? Five studies test this possibility. Compared to posed photos, candids made observers feel more connected to the poster, feel more interested in getting to know or date them, and like them more. This was driven by candids making people seem more genuine, which made others react more favorably. Furthermore, consistent with the hypothesized role of genuineness, the benefits of candids were diminished when observers learned that the poster realized their photo was being taken. These finding highlight the role of authenticity in person perception and a potential disconnect between photo posters and viewers. Although posters seem to post mostly posed photos, observers may prefer candids because they provide a more authentic sense of who the poster really is.