Senior Day Research Articles

Effect Of Functional Training At Senior Day Care Centers On Athletic Performance

Effect Of Functional Training At Senior Day Care Centers On Athletic Performance

Experiences managing behavioral symptoms among Latino caregivers of Latino older adults with dementia and memory problems: a qualitative study

BackgroundLatinos are more likely than non-Latino Whites to develop dementia and be prescribed antipsychotics for dementia-related behavioral symptoms. Antipsychotics have significant risks yet are often overprescribed. Our understanding of how Latino caregivers of Latino older adults living with dementia perceive and address behavioral issues is limited, impeding our ability to address the root causes of antipsychotic overprescribing.MethodsWe interviewed Latino older adults’ caregivers and community-based organization workers serving older adults with cognitive impairment (key informants), focusing on the management of behavioral symptoms and experiences with health services.ResultsWe interviewed 8 caregivers and 2 key informants. Caregivers were the spouses, children, or grandchildren of the older adult living with cognitive impairment; their ages ranged from 30 to 95. We identified three categories of how caregivers learned about, managed, and coped with behavioral symptoms: caregivers often faced shortcomings with dementia care in the medical system, receiving limited guidance and support; caregivers found community organizations and senior day centers to be lifelines, as they received relevant, timely advice and support, caregivers often devised their own creative strategies to manage behavioral symptoms.ConclusionIn-depth interviews suggest that the healthcare system is failing to provide support for behavioral symptoms from dementia; caregivers of Latino older adults rely on community organizations instead.

Test-Retest Reliability of Movement Displacement during a 20-s Stepping-in-Place Test in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with and without Supportive Care

Introduction: Our recent reports have shown that movement pattern and displacement assessed with an infrared depth sensor during a 20-s stepping-in-place test (ST) correlates with measures of balance and need for assistance in older individuals. This study investigated ST test-retest reliability in community-dwelling older adults with and without supportive care. Methods: Two groups were included: those not participating (HO: n = 25, 74.7 ± 5.2 years) and those participating (DSU: n = 41, 78.8 ± 5.8 years) in regular senior day services (supportive care). HO completed three ST trials, separated by 1 week, while DSU completed two ST trials during the same half-day supportive care visit. Testing was conducted with eyes open. ST measures included head movement path distance (TMD), maximum movement displacement (MMD), knee movement path length (KMD), and stepping rate (STEP). TMD×KMD−1 ratio indicated upper-body sway relative to lower-body. Test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients, ICCs) and between-trial and between group differences (ANCOVA, adjusting for age) were assessed. Results: After adjusting for age, TMD, KMD, TMD×KMD−1 were lesser and STEP was greater in HO than DUS. HO ST variables did not differ across testing days. HO ICC (1, 3) for TMD (0.911 [95% confidence interval: 0.827–0.958]), MMD (0.918 [0.814–0.961]), KMD (0.838 [0.685–0.923]), and TMD×KMD−1 (0.940 [0.884–0.872]) showed strong to very strong reliability. Similarly, DSU ST variables did not differ across same day trials and ICC (1, 2) for TMD, KMD, and TMD×KMD−1 displayed very strong reliability. Conclusion: These ST variables exhibited excellent test-retest reliability of discriminating between community-dwelling older adults with and without supportive care.

Central Sensitization-Related Symptoms and Influencing Factors on Health-Related Quality of Life among Frail Older Adults in Senior Day Care Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The recent increase in the number of frail older adults has led to increased attention being paid to care services in communities such as senior day care centers. Maintaining health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in frail older adults is important for managing long-term care. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively explore the impact of physical, mental, and cognitive factors, particularly central sensitization-related symptoms (CSSs), on the HRQOL among frail older adults in senior day care centers. HRQOL, physical, mental, and cognitive factors, and severity of CSSs were comprehensively measured using validated methods. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to examine factors affecting HRQOL among frail older adults in senior day care centers. The results showed that the timed up and go test significantly affected the HRQOL among frail older adults at senior day care centers. Additionally, knee extension muscle strength, number of pain sites, depressive tendencies, and CSS severity showed a significant negative correlation with HRQOL but were not significant influencing factors. This suggests that functional mobility assessments and approaches are important for maintaining and improving the HRQOL in frail older adults at senior day care centers.

The correlation between falls efficacy and activities of daily living among older adults receiving different types of care: a 2018–2019 cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

BackgroundFalls in older adults has become a significant public health concern worldwide. Falls-related self-efficacy is closely related to healthy aging. This study investigated older adults receiving different types of care to clarify the correlation between falls efficacy and Activies of Daily Living (ADL), providing a theoretical basis for achieving healthy aging.MethodsAn investigation comparing older adults attending senior day care centers and healthy older adults staying at home in the community was carried out by using structured questionnaires, including individual participants’ data, Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (Lawton IADLs).ResultsA total of 336 older adults were enrolled, and 153 (45.5%) older adults attending senior day care centers daily. The FES-I score of all the respondents was 30.65 ± 13.892, while the scores of healthy older adults staying at home in the community and attending senior day care centers were 25.05 ± 10.036 and 37.35 ± 14.894, respectively (p < 0.05). Among healthy older adults staying at home in the community, those using walking aids (OR = 53.595, 95%CI: 8.181, 351.129), with fear of falling (OR = 5.909, 95%CI:1.374, 25.407) and with anxiety symptoms (OR = 23.620, 95%CI: 6.077, 91.802) had low falls efficacy. Among older adults attending senior day care centers daily, those with higher education levels had high falls efficacy (OR = 0.276, 95%CI: 0.088, 0.862), and those with poor sleep quality (OR = 4.469, 95%CI: 0.682, 29.312), comorbidities (OR = 9.820, 95%CI: 1.990, 48.456), and with severe depressive symptoms (OR = 3.680, 95%CI: 1.098, 12.335) had low falls efficacy. The older adults with a higher score of Lawton IADLs had higher falls efficacy.ConclusionsOlder adults attending senior day care centers daily had lower falls efficacy and needed to be paid more attention to in fall prevention. Targeted health promotion activities were necessary for older adults to improve their falls efficacy to achieve healthy aging.

Factors Influencing the Use of Walking Aids by Frail Elderly People in Senior Day Care Centers.

Senior day care centers in Japan are the most commonly used insurance service for frail elderly people, and it is important to examine the factors that influence the use of walking aids at these centers. We aimed to investigate the factors affecting the use of walking aids by frail elderly patients in senior daycare centers. A total of 131 frail elderly people (mean age 82.7 ± 6.4 years) formed our study population. They were divided into two groups: solo walking (n = 87) and walking aid (n = 44). Individuals with cognitive decline were excluded. All participants were assessed using Functional Independence Measure Motor (FIM-M) sub-scores. Grip strength, knee extension strength, the 10 s Chair Stand test for Frail elderly (Frail CS-10), Single Leg Standing (SLS), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests were measured and compared between the two groups. The walking aid group scored significantly lower than the solo walking group for five items: FIM-M, knee extension muscle strength, Frail CS-10, SLS, and TUG (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that knee extension muscle strength was the only factor that affected the use or disuse of walking aids (p < 0.05). The cut-off value of the knee extensor muscle strength-to-weight ratio for walking alone was 28.5%. Knee extensor muscle strength was the most important factor in determining the use of a walking aid.

ROLE OF REZEKNE RETIREMENT DAY CENTRE IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF SENIORS

Life expectancy is increasing worldwide, and the proportion of seniors, which poses challenges to ensure that all individuals, regardless of their age, enjoy equal opportunities in both the private sector and the labour market, regardless of their state of health, without adversely affecting quality of life components.The purpose of the scientific article is to find out how the quality of life of Seniors is affected and how it is influenced by the functioning of the Senior Day Center, to improve the quality of services and collateral of the Senior Day Centre in Rezekne.

Adapting Lean for process redesign in senior day care services

Background: The paper features the findings from a case-study research that adapted Lean thinking for process redesign in the senior day care centres. The aim is to extend understanding in the adaptation of lean in the community care contexts by addressing the research question: “How can Lean be adapted to senior day care services for process redesign?”

Robot Pets as "Serious Toys"- Activating Social and Emotional Experiences of Elderly People.

When robots are used as part of meaningful play, for example to enhance wellbeing, they can be considered “serious toys”. Our study examines the potential of robotic pet toys viewed as companions, which activate social and emotional experiences of the elderly by increasing their wellbeing. In order to study the benefits of using Golden Pup, a commercial robot dog, we designed and performed a research intervention at a senior day activity center with 10 participants of ages 65–80+ years who were joined by a playful group of preschoolers. In this study, we were mainly interested in the firsthand user experiences.This study suggests how robotic pets can be used to activate the social and emotional experiences of elderly, and illustrated the role of building a relationship with a robotic pet. We present novel results on how a robot dog with a natural interface (NUI) may be used to evoke social and emotional experiences in older adults as part of playful, intergenerational group activities.

Older adults' perspective of intergenerational programme at senior day care centre in Singapore: A descriptive qualitative study.

Population ageing resulting from declining fertility and extended life expectancy has been occurring rapidly throughout the world. Older adults are faced with multiple physical, psychological and social changes that challenge their sense of self and capacity for healthy ageing. Intergenerational programmes (IGP) in communities have been developed to address a variety of social issues brought about by the population ageing. These programmes focus on promoting intergenerational social contact, supporting educational programmes and facilitating intellectual and/or physical activities in the older adults. This study intended to explore the perception of community-dwelling older adults towards an IGP in a senior day care centre in Singapore. Purposive sampling was adopted to recruit 15 participants for the study. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted until data saturation was achieved. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was carried out. Four themes and 13 sub-themes emerged: (1) IGP enhances memory and strength; (2) social interaction between older adults and younger generation; (3) emotional responses to IGP; and (4) attitudes and perception towards the younger generation. The current study illustrated the dynamic social interaction between older adults and the younger generation, as well as the perceived benefits of the IGP. The relationship formed between the two generations entailed companionship, mutual care, trust and affection. Participation in the IGP provided the older adults an opportunity for active engagement in society and development. Continuous effort must be put in to ensure continuity of integration and empowerment of older adults, including the removal of obstacles and barriers that exclude or discriminate against them. The study findings will help facilitate the customisation of IGP to meet the needs of the older adults. With a well-planned and structured IGP, significant physical, emotional and psychosocial outcomes could benefit the older adults and the younger generation.

A Case Study on the Family Caring Experience of Dementia Elderly Using Senior Day Care Centers : Focusing on Dementia Elderly with High Behavioral Psychological Symptoms(BPSD)

본 연구는 폭력, 망상, 배회와 같은 행동심리증상(BPSD)을 높게 보이는 치매노인을 부양하는 가족의 돌봄 경험을 심층적으로 탐색한 사례연구이다. 연구 참여 대상자들은 3년 이상 돌봄을 지속해 오고 있는 가족으로, 노인주간보호센터를 1년 이상 이용하고 있는 4명의 가족을 사례로 선정하였다. 질적 사례연구를 위해 Creswell(2007)의 사례 내 분석과 사례 간 분석을 통해, 참여자들의 힘겨운 돌봄의 과정과 경험으로부터 총 5개의 공통주제를 도출하였다. ‘계획에 없던 인생의 변수인 치매’, ‘시지프스의 돌과 같은 모진 삶’, ‘돌봄의 마라톤에서 만난 페이스메이커’, ‘이 또한 삶의 여정임을 깨달음’, ‘어떤 것에도 속박 받지 않을 자유’로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 치매증상의 정도와 양상, 가족 부양자의 특성에 따라 보다 특화된 맞춤형 서비스와 제도가 필요함을 인식하였다. 앞으로도 치매 환자와 가족이 지역사회 내에서 행복한 생활을 지속(Aging in Place)할 수 있도록 주간보호센터 서비스와 치매 지원정책 측면에서의 개선방안을 제언하였다.

The Comparisons of Physical Functional Performances between Older Adults with and without Regular Physical Activity in Two Different Living Settings.

We compared the physical function performances of community-dwelling and day care center older adults with and without regular physical activity (PA). A total of 163 Taiwanese older adults living in rural communities participated. PA habits and physical functional performances were assessed. The participants were divided into community-dwelling (CD) and senior day care (DC) center groups that were further classified into regular physical activity (RPA) and non-physical activity (NPA) subgroups. Comparison took place between subgroups. In the CD group, only the grip strength, pinch strength, and box and blocks test scored significantly better for the participants with regular PA. Muscle strength, flexibility, and three items of functional ability of participants with regular PA were significantly better in the DC group. An active lifestyle contributes to a good old-age life. The effective amount of PA and the reduction of sedentary time should be advocated to prevent frailty and disability in older adults.

Association between participation in hospital-led community activities and sense of security in continued community living among older adults in a rural district of Japan: A cross-sectional study.

For older adults to continue living in a community, they need to have a certain sense of security, especially in terms of the availability of healthcare in the community. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore important factors of the sense of security among older adults in their continued community living, with particular attention to hospital-led community activities. The participants comprised 252 randomly sampled older adults aged 65years or older, living in a local community in western Japan, and ranging from being independent to physically and cognitively frail. Participants' sense of security in continued community living was assessed using a modified scale from past research on cancer care. Activities provided by local community organisations and hospitals were examined. The participants' mean age was 75.0years, 144 (57.8%) were female and 32 (13.3%) were frail. Hospital-led groups (e.g. health lectures) and individual (e.g. health counselling) activities were used by 73 (30.5%) and 76 (31.9%) participants respectively. Among participants, 174 (73.4%) had participated in activities run by the local community, such as senior day celebrations or senior centre activities. A stronger sense of security was associated with participation in hospital-led individual activities (β=0.171, p=.036), being a member of a neighbourhood association (β=0.156, p=.020), frequency of contact with family members (β=0.145, p=.034) and lower depression (β=-0.269, p<.001). Participation in community hospital-led individual activities may provide older adults opportunities to discuss their health-related concerns in a community setting, and thus might enhance their sense of security. In the aged society, the role of healthcare facilities may need to be expanded to facilitate outreach for older adults in the community to enhance their sense of security and actualise ageing in place.

A Comparative Study of Perceived Social Support and Depression among Elderly Members of Senior Day Centers, Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes, and Elderly Living at Home.

Background:Social support perceived by the elderly can reduce mental health problems including depression. In Iranian society, some elderly people spend their elderly years in senior day care centers established to promote social protection for the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess perceived social support and depression in the elderly members of senior day care centers and compare the results with that of elderly individuals living at nursing homes and at home.Materials and Methods:This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 315 elderly people. The participants were selected using stratified random sampling method and a random number table. The data collection tools used consisted of a demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Barthel index for assessing Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Social Support Appraisals (SSS-As) scale, and Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15). ANOVA, Chi-square, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression analysis were used to examine the hypotheses.Results:The results showed that with increasing social support, depression decreased in all three groups, which was statistically significant in the two elderly groups living in nursing homes (r = −0.19, p = 0.044) and elderly members of senior day centers (r = −0.18, p = 0.049).Conclusions:According to the results, it can be concluded that senior day care centers have been able to promote perceived social support in the elderly through their participation in daily activities and social activities, and thus were able to reduce depression significantly compared to the other two groups.

ARTS AND HUMANITIES BRIDGING ACROSS CONTINUUM OF CARE: CASE STUDY, GEORGETOWN LOMBARDI COMPREHENSIVE CENTER

How does a hospital-based arts and humanities program build towards a better healthcare system for older patients, caregivers and medical professionals? The Georgetown Lombardi Arts and Humanities Program (AHP) supports the continuum of care by encouraging a creative and constructive response to illness through the use of music, dance, expressive writing and visual arts. Artists-in-residence at MedStar Georgetown University Hospital work throughout the hospital, with in-patients and out-patients, in waiting rooms, intensive care units, and clinics. At the same time, the AHP recognizes the need to introduce the next generation of physicians, nurses, and medical professionals to the benefits of interacting with the arts to improve skills of observation, communication, empathy, and perspective-taking to serve all populations, especially older patients living with chronic illness. The AHP’s educational programs at the National Gallery of Art, and the IONA Senior Day Center will be highlighted along with their supporting evidence base

Testing a Photo Story Intervention in Paper Versus Electronic Tablet Format Compared to a Traditional Brochure Among Older Adults in Germany: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundTo increase effective communication in primary care consultations among older adults in Germany, the photo story is considered to be a useful tool based on Bandura’s social cognitive theory. With information technology helping to increase effective communication, the use of tablets is gaining attention in health care settings, especially with older adults. However, the effectiveness of tablet technology and photo stories has rarely been tested.ObjectiveThe aim is to compare the effectiveness of a photo story intervention to a traditional brochure. Both were delivered either in paper or tablet format.MethodsA trial was conducted with 126 older adults, aged 50 years and older, who were approached and recruited by researchers and administrative staff from senior day care, doctors in rehabilitation centers, and trainers in sports clubs in Germany. Open and face-to-face assessment methodologies were used. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four intervention conditions: traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1) and tablet format (condition 2), and photo story in paper format (condition 3) and tablet format (condition 4). Each participant received a questionnaire and either the traditional brochure or photo story in a paper or tablet version. To evaluate the effectiveness of each intervention, participants completed evaluation questionnaires before and after each intervention. The second part of the questionnaire measured different indicators of health literacy, communication skills, health measurements, and possible underlying mechanisms.ResultsCompared to the traditional brochure, participants considered the photo story easier to understand (t124=2.62, P=.01) and more informative (t124=–2.17, P=.03). Participants preferred the paper format because they found it less monotonous (t124=–3.05, P=.003), less boring (t124=–2.65, P=.009), and not too long (t124=–2.26, P=.03) compared to the tablet format. Among all conditions, the traditional brochure with a tablet (condition 2) was also perceived as more monotonous (mean 3.07, SD 1.08), boring (mean 2.77, SD 1.19), and too long to read (mean 2.50, SD 1.33) in comparison to the traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1). Moreover, the participants scored significantly higher on self-referencing on the traditional brochure in paper format (condition 1) than tablet format for both types of the brochure (conditions 2 and 4).ConclusionsTraditional brochures on a tablet seem to be the least effective communication option in primary care consultations among all conditions for older adults. The findings might be specific for the current generation of older adults in Germany and need to be replicated in other countries with larger sample sizes. Although information technology brings advantages, such as effective interventions in different fields and settings, it may also come with several disadvantages, such as technical requirements of the users and devices. These should be considered when integrating information technology into wider situations and populations.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02502292; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02502292 (Archived by Webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/747jdJ8pU)

The effects of job autonomy and job satisfaction on burnout among careworkers in long-term care settings: Policy and practice implications for Japan and South Korea

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study examined the effects of job autonomy and job satisfaction on burnout among careworkers in Japan and South Korea. Careworker is defined as a direct care worker in long-term care settings such as nursing homes, senior day care centers, and independent living centers who professionally provides physical and housekeeping support services for older adults who are unable to perform activities of daily living independently due to mental decline such as dementia and stroke in Japan and South Korea.Methods: Data were collected from 1152 Japanese careworkers and 319 Korean careworkers at various locations in Japan and South Korea. The primary variables included sociodemographic information, job autonomy, job satisfaction, and burnout.Results: Descriptive analyses indicated group difference between Japanese and Korean careworkers in terms of age, gender, marital status, educational level, job autonomy, job satisfaction, and burnout. Hierarchical regression analysis found that job autonomy and job satisfaction were the significant determinants of burnout risks. Also, age and marital status were significantly associated with burnout for Japanese careworkers and educational level had a significant influence on burnout for Korean careworkers.Conclusion: This study noted similarities and differences in the two careworker groups. Findings suggest the need to develop policy and practice considerations to reduce burnout risks among careworkers to improve quality of care.

Activity Preferences of persons with dementia: An examination of reports by formal and informal caregivers.

Objectives The aims of this study are (1) to describe the types of leisure activities preferred by persons with dementia in the past and present, as reported by family members and therapeutic recreation staff members, and (2) to examine the influence of demographic and functional abilities variables on the perceived current interest of persons with dementia. Method Family members of persons with dementia and therapeutic recreation staff involved in the care of those persons completed an activities preference assessment concerning the persons with dementia. Participants were recruited from a nursing home and a senior day center. Family members completed the assessment for the past and present, and staff members completed the assessment for the present. Results For present preferences, music was the most often preferred activity according to both family and staff, followed by reminiscence and reading, while the least desirable activity was cooking/baking according to family and trivia games according to the staff. Current preferences were significantly related to past preferences. Gender was also related to preference for some activities. A significant reduction in preference from the premorbid past to the present was found for music, reading, and cooking. Additionally, the number of activities persons preferred as reported by both caregiver groups was affected by dementia. Family members tended to report lower preference levels for the activities in the present in comparison to the staff, and they were also more likely to report not knowing the present level of preference than therapeutic recreation staff members. Conclusion The assessments by both therapeutic recreation staff members and family members shed light on leisure preferences of persons with dementia, while the varying reports reflect a possibly different perspective of the two caregiver groups.

“The Vietnamese have a better understanding of yidishkeit than the Jewish Federation officials”: A senior day center in historical perspective

ABSTRACTIn 2011, a Jewish-sponsored senior center that had served older Jews and non-Jews for decades was forced to close. This article describes the meaning of the senior center to its participants and the impact of its closing on its members. The closing of the center raises larger questions about the potential role of older adults in the life of the larger community and how the loss of such institutions can inhibit the ability of older adults to contribute to and enrich the lives of all members of their communities.

Changes in Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and Satisfaction with Conventional Complete Dentures Among Elderly People.

To assess the changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and satisfaction among older adults after receiving new complete dentures, and the association of age, gender, education, medical history, past prosthetic history (number of previous complete dentures and time since current complete dentures) and quality of existing complete dentures with patients' ratings of satisfaction with their complete dentures. The study comprised 114 community-dwelling adults ≥ 65 year of age, all wearing complete dentures in both jaws. The sample was selected from four senior day centres. Data were collected using clinical oral examinations and a self-administered questionnaire. Dentures were clinically evaluated for retention, stability, occlusion, articulation and vertical dimension. The questionnaire recorded data on sociodemographic information, previous denture history, oral satisfaction scale (OSS), and OHRQoL through the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) scale. There was a significant improvement in OHRQoL after treatment (mean OIDP score: 2.7) compared to before treatment (mean OIDP score: 6.6). The largest changes were in relation to impacts on eating (33.3% to 15.9%) and smiling (17.5% to 4.5%). Six months after placement of the dentures, patient satisfaction improved compared to before treatment (p < 0.001). The results of this study demonstrated that satisfaction was correlated with age, gender, and past prosthetic history in the patients rehabilitated with complete dentures. The provision of new dentures among older adults resulted in significantly better satisfaction and OHRQoL than wearing existing dentures. There was no significant correlation between the clinical assessment of the dentures and patients' satisfaction with them.