Senegalensis Stem Bark Research Articles

Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Khaya senegalensis Stem Bark Aqueous Extract in Wistar Rats

Aim: To investigate anti-hyperglycemic effect of aqueous extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark (KSE) in alloxan-diabetic Wistar rats. Methodology: Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups of 5 animals each. Group I (non-diabetic control) was given distilled water orally. Animals in the remaining five groups were treated with a single dose of alloxan (120mg/kg body weight, i.p) to induce diabetes mellitus. This resulted in significant increase in the fasting blood glucose level of the rats. Group I (non-diabetic control) and group II (hyperglycemic control) then received distilled water orally for 14 days. Group III, IV and V were treated orally with daily doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of KSE respectively for 14 days. Group VI was given glibenclamide (5mg/kg, p.o) for the same period. Fasting blood glucose was determined by oxidative method in all the groups on day 0 (before treatment), day 7 and day 14. Oral glucose tolerance test and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were estimated after the two week treatment. Body weights of the animals were also measured on day 0, day 7 and day 14. Results: Treatment with KSE and glibenclamide caused significant (p<0.05) and dosedependent changes compared to the untreated animals with respect to body weight, blood glucose level and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. The antihyperglycemic effect of KSE was comparable to that of the standard drug, glibenclamide. Conclusion: The study showed that aqueous extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark possesses anti-hyperglycemic activity.

Evaluation of antimicrobial potentials of stem bark extracts of Erythrina senegalensis DC

Antimicrobial activity of organic (methanol and chloroform) and aqueous stem back extracts of Erytrina senegalensis against some pathogenic microorganisms was investigated using the filter paper disc diffusion method. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, glycosides, phenols and alkaloids. The extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Penicillium notatum). For the bacteria, the highest activity (14 mm zone diameter of inhibition) was demonstrated against E. coli and the lowest activity (4 mm zone diameter of inhibition) against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, while for the test fungi, the highest activity of 8 and 6 mm (zone diameter of inhibition) was demonstrated against C. albicans and A. flavus respectively, and the lowest activity of 4 mm against P. notatum. The methanol extracts demonstrated the highest activity while, the aqueous extracts demonstrated the lowest activity against all the test organisms. The activity of the extracts increased with increase in temperature (4 - 100oC) and acidic pH, but decreased as the pH was adjusted toward alkalinity (pH 8 - 10). The MIC (7.5 - 30 mg/ml) and MMC (8.0 - 30.0) for bacteria, and MIC (7.5 - 40) and MMC (8.0 - 30.0) shows that E. senegalensis stem bark, if further purified can be used to source novel antibiotic substances for drug development against infections such as typhoid fever, urinary tract and wound infections, dysentery and mycotic infections. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, antibiotic substance, bacterial infections, disc diffusion method, Erythrina senegalensis, phytochemicals, MIC, MMC, mycotic infections.

Increased liver alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferase activities following administration of ethanolic extract of &lt;i&gt;Khaya senegalensis&lt;/i&gt; stem bark to rats

The effect of daily, oral administration of ethanolic extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark (2mg/kg body weight) for 18days on the alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities of rat liver and serum were investigated. Compared with the control, the activities of liver alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased significantly for the 6 and 18 days period of extract administration (P 0.05). The results indicate that the ethanolic extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark has brought about induction of synthesis of the liver enzymes studied which is an important biochemical symptom of cytolysis.

Effect of Oral Administration of Aqueous Extract of Khaya senegalensis Stem Bark on Phenylhydrazine-induced Anaemia in Rats

Effect of Oral Administration of Aqueous Extract of Khaya senegalensis Stem Bark on Phenylhydrazine-induced Anaemia in Rats

Chemical composition of the essential oils of Annona cuneata L. and Annona senegalensis Pers. stem barks

AbstractThe composition of the essential oils of the Annona senegalensis Pers. and Annona cuneata L. (Annonaceae) stem barks is reported. GC and GC–MS analyses showed p‐cymene (36.0%) as the most abundant component of A. senegalensis, whilst sabinene (39.9%) was the main component of A. cuneata. α‐and β‐Pinene, (5.1% and 9.2%), β‐phellandrene (4.9%), limonene (5.8%) and germacrene D (9.0%), were the major constituents of A. cuneata; those of A. senegalensis stem bark oil were α‐phellandrene (25.0%), α‐pinene (8.3%), Z‐sabinol (6.9%) and limonene (4.8%). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.