Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have garnered significant attention as a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based photovoltaic devices. This paper provides an overview of the latest advancements in DSSCs, with a particular focus on the incorporation of ordered porous structures and improvements in the photocathode material, titanium dioxide (TiO2). The paper starts by emphasizing the background of DSSCs as renewable energy technology and the challenges associated with enhancing their efficiency. It further explores the application of ordered porous structures in DSSCs, specifically in semiconductor thin films and electrode materials, to enhance their performance. The paper delves into various optimization techniques employed to improve the properties of the photocathode material, TiO2, including doping strategies and other enhancements. These approaches aim to improve charge transfer kinetics, light absorption, and overall device efficiency. The significance of this paper lies in discussing the potential of ordered porous structures and improved photocathode materials in addressing the limitations of DSSCs and enhancing their overall performance. By providing a comprehensive overview of these advancements, the paper offers insights into future research directions and opportunities for the development of more efficient and cost-effective DSSC.