Semantic Expansion Research Articles

Identification and Classification of Depressed Mental State for End-User over Social Media.

In researching social network data and depression, it is often necessary to manually label depressed and non-depressed users, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The aim of this study is that it explores the relationship between social network data and depression. It can also contribute to detecting and identifying depression. Through collecting and analyzing college students' microblog social data, a preliminary screening algorithm for college students' suspected depression microblogs based on depression keywords, and semantic expansion is researched; a comprehensive lexical grammar was proposed. This research provided has a preliminary screening method based on depression keywords and semantic expansion for college students' suspected depression microblogs, with a screening accuracy. This method forms a depression keyword table by constructing the basic keyword table and the semantic expansion based on the word embedding learning model Word2Vec. Finally, the word table is used to calculate the semantic similarity of the tested microblogs and then identify whether it is a suspected depression microblog. The experimental results on the microblog dataset of college students show that the comprehensive lexical method is better than the SDS questionnaire segmentation method and the expert lexical method in terms of screening accuracy; the comprehensive lexical approach can quickly and automatically screen out a tiny proportion of suspected doubts from a large number of college students' microblogs. Depression Weibo can reduce the workload of experts' annotation, improve annotation efficiency, and provide a suitable data processing basis for the subsequent accurate identification (classification problem) of patients with depression.

ESKİ TÜRKÇE METİNLER BAĞLAMINDA HUKUKİ TERMİNOLOJİNİN SEMANTİK ZENGİNLEŞMESİ

Numerous terms used in the context of Old Turkish texts, especially in the language of Old Uyghur official-legal documents and civil documents, indicate that the Turkish legal language has an ancient history. The texts formed in different alphabets, writing systems and various environments during the Uyghur Khaganate and later periods are valuable sources that shed light on the history of our language. Although these texts have always been at the center of attention of researchers, the language of legal documents, official documents, the vocabulary of texts with legal and official meanings, the ways of derivation of words have not been studied extensively and comprehensively. The researches were mostly carried out in the context of syntax or thematic regions, and the language composition of the language of the documents was not evaluated according to its lexical-semantic, morphological structure and origin. The naming and derivation ways of legal concepts and understandings regarding the official-business style, the nomenclature and processes of words belonging to general usage should be put forward in the context of the texts, and the issues of forming terms through the language's own means or quotations should be examined in the light of historical facts. Vocabulary of Old Turkish Texts reveals that legal terms are derived in two ways: the language's own possibilities and quotations. Considering the structure and grammatical rules of Turkish, we can classify legal terms as a) semantic, b) morphological, c) syntactic, d) kalka, e) abbreviation of words. These derivational ways, which have different functionality in various periods, are also followed in the language of official-legal documents in old Uyghur language. In this paper, in the light of old Turkish legal documents, the terminology is discussed in a semantic way, in this method, which is one of the most efficient and first ways of word derivation, the position of polysemy (polysemy), the transition of words from general use to specific use - term by changing their meaning, the semantic expansion of the word are examined. manifestations have been studied. Key words: Old Turkish, Official-business style, Law, Terminology, Word derivation, Semantics

Why was this cited? Explainable machine learning applied to COVID-19 research literature.

Multiple studies have investigated bibliometric factors predictive of the citation count a research article will receive. In this article, we go beyond bibliometric data by using a range of machine learning techniques to find patterns predictive of citation count using both article content and available metadata. As the input collection, we use the CORD-19 corpus containing research articles—mostly from biology and medicine—applicable to the COVID-19 crisis. Our study employs a combination of state-of-the-art machine learning techniques for text understanding, including embeddings-based language model BERT, several systems for detection and semantic expansion of entities: ConceptNet, Pubtator and ScispaCy. To interpret the resulting models, we use several explanation algorithms: random forest feature importance, LIME, and Shapley values. We compare the performance and comprehensibility of models obtained by “black-box” machine learning algorithms (neural networks and random forests) with models built with rule learning (CORELS, CBA), which are intrinsically explainable. Multiple rules were discovered, which referred to biomedical entities of potential interest. Of the rules with the highest lift measure, several rules pointed to dipeptidyl peptidase4 (DPP4), a known MERS-CoV receptor and a critical determinant of camel to human transmission of the camel coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Some other interesting patterns related to the type of animal investigated were found. Articles referring to bats and camels tend to draw citations, while articles referring to most other animal species related to coronavirus are lowly cited. Bat coronavirus is the only other virus from a non-human species in the betaB clade along with the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. MERS-CoV is in a sister betaC clade, also close to human SARS coronaviruses. Thus both species linked to high citation counts harbor coronaviruses which are more phylogenetically similar to human SARS viruses. On the other hand, feline (FIPV, FCOV) and canine coronaviruses (CCOV) are in the alpha coronavirus clade and more distant from the betaB clade with human SARS viruses. Other results include detection of apparent citation bias favouring authors with western sounding names. Equal performance of TF-IDF weights and binary word incidence matrix was observed, with the latter resulting in better interpretability. The best predictive performance was obtained with a “black-box” method—neural network. The rule-based models led to most insights, especially when coupled with text representation using semantic entity detection methods. Follow-up work should focus on the analysis of citation patterns in the context of phylogenetic trees, as well on patterns referring to DPP4, which is currently considered as a SARS-Cov-2 therapeutic target.

Should we look for Fibonacci's «golden ratio» in the processes of waste formation

We are making an attempt to introduce the regularity of the appearance of waste in technological processes with the regularities of the well-known «golden ratio» of Leonardo Fibonacci. In this case, they are represented by a system of optimal energy distribution between the material components of the production system. The relationship between equal terms in the basic Formula of Fibonacci and components with optimal comparison of energy, as the basis for applying the number F = 1,618 or related to it in semantic expansion. Other variants of analog Fibonacci series are ordered in order to compare them with the proportions of the main material flows in a typical technological process. Various correlations between the numerical values of the main material and other components: raw materials, energy, information, products and waste, depending on their attitude to the change in their mutual entropy in a variety of technological processes, are shown. We have shown that the absence of such proportions, including indicators of minimal waste generation, has its roots in the principle of thermodynamic duality between the components of raw materials and the energy that is used in the system. We have shown that the basis for the appearance in the material flows of the technological process of relations close to the number of Fibonacci or its analogues can only be the overcoming of the existence of the principle of thermodynamic duality

Динамические процессы в русском эмотивно-оценочном словаре

Modern studies of the dynamic processes of the emotive-evaluative vocabulary are determined by 1) ideas about the nature and structure of the pragmatic macro-component and its interaction with the denotative semantics of the word, 2) the emergence of new vocabulary and text sources, 3) taking into account the parameters of the communicative situation (the relationship between the subject and the object of assessment, gender, age, social position of speakers and their intentions). The use of corpus and experimental methods in the study of evaluation makes it possible to identify significant changes in the semantics of different categories of vocabulary. In this article, the evaluative semantics is considered in relation to the elements of denotative and / or pragmatic gender, social and age macrocomponents. It has been revealed that the axiological characterization of a word, changing under the influence of the gender component, becomes significantly more complicated and varies depending on WHO (a man or a woman) evaluates and WHOM (a man or a woman) the speaker characterizes. In the thematic group ‘A weak-willed, spineless and feeble person’, there are dynamic processes, which are manifested in seme and semantic variation (the “male” characteristics tryapka, kisel', etc.), demonstrate an expansion of gender semantics, correlating with persons of both sexes. Thus, in the semantic structure of evaluative metaphors, independent evaluative meanings are formed, representing male and female weaknesses in different ways.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ МЕЖІ КАТЕГОРІЇ ESPACE COSMIQUE

The article is devoted to the cosmic space category and its semantic meaning peculiarities. The interpretation of culture as a horizon of universal, that is, cosmic values, for all hours, was tied to the Cosmos. The national and cultural specificity of the cosmic space category was analyzed and its general characteristics were outlined. Also, the stages of the historical evolution of the studied category were profoundly focused. Given the results of the analysis the paper outlines the historical semantic shift and semantic expansion of this category. The vocabulary representing the concept was also structured. Medieval hymns that take their roots in folklore and folk epos turned out to be fruitful material for studying both linguocultural and worldview representations of the cosmic space category through the prism of the world's perception of that particular time. Cosmological works of different time periods and modern scientific articles were used as reference corpus material for this particular research. The problems of reconceptualization and refiguration of the category of space were researched in the modern national worldview. Also, the difference between the nominative fields and their lexical realization of both concepts ESPACE and COSMOS were described, and the “historical layers’’ and their change of these two concepts were determined. The semantic field of the cosmic space category has significantly expanded and is characterized by the presence of multiple plans. It has a lot of different new meanings, including the reinterpretation of the cosmic space category in terms that can be attributed to the semantic fields of economic space, safety space, resource space.

한중 냉각형용사의 의미 확장 대조 연구

The purpose of this study is to examine the patterns of semantic expansion and the cognitive process of Korean and Chinese adjectives for cold, including “춥다, 차다, 시리다/冷” and “차갑다, 서늘하다, 선선하다/凉.” To this end, various aspects of semantic expansion in actual usage of the languages were categorized through a corpus analysis. Furthermore, the cognitive process was analyzed through the conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy theories of cognitive linguistics. As a result, it was found that various factors related to temperature, such as our senses, experience, life, and phenomena, become the main conceptual factors that cause semantic expansion. In particular, expansion to the areas of emotions and attitudes was remarkable in both Korean and Chinese, along with other areas. That is, while the common perception of Korean and Chinese speakers causes semantic expansion in the same areas, differences were also found. This study suggested that the reason lies in the differences in Korean and Chinese morphologies and the geographical and climatic environment of the two countries.

The Verb שָׁאַף in Biblical Hebrew

Abstract Biblical Hebrew lexicons unanimously present the basic meaning of the verb שׁאף as “pant, snuff.” Absent etymological evidence, however, the lexical value of the verb hangs on the contextual interpretation of three attestations where the verb has not undergone semantic expansion: Isa 42:14; Jer 2:24; 14:6. Fresh analysis of the philological evidence garners support for an alternate interpretation of שׁאף רוח in Jer 2:24; 14:6 as “bray, cry out” and suggests that ואשׁאף in Isa 42:14 constitutes an elliptical form of the phrase with the same meaning. This new semantic understanding in turn allows for a reanalysis of derived meanings, furnishing a revised understanding of the verb שׁאף.

EANDC: An explainable attention network based deep adaptive clustering model for mental health treatment

Internet-delivered Psychological Treatment (IDPT) has been shown to be an effective method for improving psychological disorders. Natural language processing (NLP) requires an appropriate set of linguistic features for word representation and emotion segmentation. For psychological applications, models must be trained on extensive and diverse datasets to achieve expert-level performance. Labeling psychological texts authorized by patients is challenging because emotional biases can lead to incorrect segmentation of emotions and labeling emotional data is time consuming. In this paper, we propose an assistance tool for psychologists to explore the emotional aspects of mentally ill individuals. We first use an NLP-based method to create emotional lexicon embeddings, and then apply attention-based deep clustering. The learned representation is then used to visualize the emotional aspect of the text authorized by patients. We expand the patient authored text using synonymous semantic expansion. A latent semantic representation based on context is clustered using EANDC, which is a Explainable Attention Network-based Deep adaptive Clustering model. We use similarity metrics to select a subset of the text and then improve the explainability of learning using a curriculum-based optimization method. The experimental results show that synonym expansion based on the emotion lexicon increases accuracy without affecting the results. The attention method with bidirectional LSTM architecture achieved 0.81 ROC in a blind test. The self-learning based embedding then visualizes the weighted attention words and helps the psychiatrist to improve his explanatory power of the qualitative match for clinical notes and the remedy. The method helps in labeling text and improves the recognition rate of symptoms of mental disorders.

ANALYSE STYLISTIQUE DU SIGNIFIÉ ET EXPANSIONDU SENS LEXICAL DANS LE POÈME « TEMPS SANSMÉMOIRE » DE B. ZADI ZAOUROU

Abstract: Zadi Zaourou's poem “Temps sans mémoire”, depicts a semantic framework which is graspable at two levels of interpretation. First, from a linguistic view that hinges on both themes of love and time which the stylistic of the signified allots itself heuristic means to master. Then, following the same hermeneutic trend, one will come to the perception of the lexical if not translinguistic meaning as conveyedby the process of adventure of the word "Dozo" in that book, a semantic expansion which disconnects one from real life: perfect isotopies being replaced by various external classemes. Key words:Basic meaning,Translinguistic symbolism, Isotopy

A cross‐lingual secure semantic searching scheme with semantic analysis on ciphertext

Secure semantic searching can search arbitrary query words semantically related to keywords over the encrypted data. However, most of the current schemes perform the matching after query semantic expansion on the plaintext. The existing works rarely support cross-lingual searching that breaks the language barrier to allow a query issued in a lingual to retrieve the documents written in other languages. Meanwhile, most of the previous schemes are difficult to be applied to real-time applications because of their poor efficiency. This letter designs an efficient cross-lingual secure semantic searching scheme that performs semantic analysis, semantic matching, and relevance ranking on the ciphertext. The proposed scheme encrypts the language-aligned word vectors of the keywords, and further calculates the semantic similarity between the encrypted vectors to perform clustering for the encrypted keywords. Therefore, the scheme uses the encrypted language-aligned word vectors of query words to perform cross-lingual semantic matching only with the cluster centre keywords to get encrypted keywords semantically related to the query, instead of scanning all the keywords, thus significantly improving the search efficiency. The scheme also realises the ciphertext relevance ranking algorithm to rank the documents. Experimental results show the practicability of the proposed scheme.

Etymology of the Word and Axiological-Evaluative Semantics

Etymology is a section of linguistics, a section of comparative-historical linguistics that studies the origin of language words; a set of research methods aimed at clarifying the origin of the word, as well as the result of this clarification. The etymology of the word is its linguistic and cultural-historical passport, its biography, which reflects the structural and semantic status of the word in the ancient period of language development and its place in the circle of related and unrelated languages. Etymology is designed to explain all the changes (or invariance) of the form of the word, at the same time all the metamorphoses of its meaning in the light of the cultural and historical conditions in which a language developed; rationally assess the potential inherent in the word for further development and trace the mechanisms of its semantic development. . The purpose of research is to clarify the role of etymology and axiology in semantic and etymological analysis. Semantic and etymological analysis of reference values as information centers of the grid of linguistic meanings of the nominative system reveals the original forms and original semantic dominants in the typological context, determine their potential for further semantic and nominative development in the languages studied. It is a kind of "bridge" to the new semantic links, correlated with those already established. Typological comparison allows to identify semasiological parallels (similar semantic dominants and similar semantic expansion) against the background of areal and genetic. Semasiological parallels are research-motivated, because we are dealing with one concept, which is expressed in languages with semasiologically common roots. Based on the analysis of the components of the onomasiological paradigm, we can distinguish two types of assessment: axiological evaluation on an objective basis and axiological evaluation on a subjective basis. Axiological evaluation on an objective basis focuses on rational evaluation, which researchers traditionally associate with the notion of stereotype used in logical evaluation theories. Axiological evaluation on a subjective basis. In this type of evaluation, the leading role belongs to the emotional component: the already evaluated phenomenon here is layered with the actual subjective evaluation, so the already evaluated objective feature is evaluated again, subjectively. It is a mix of a sign and its evaluation, another assessment is subjective, emotional. The formation of axiologically evaluative semantics of units of all types in the totality of meaning and form can be carried out on the basis of typological and specific for each language psychological associations of figurative and non- figurative nature, due to the presence of different people, different ideas and concepts. Language is an expression not only of the linguistic thinking of an individual nation, but also of the linguistic and cultural experience inherent in humanity as a whole.

Learning Sentence-to-Hashtags Semantic Mapping for Hashtag Recommendation on Microblogs

The growing use of microblogging platforms is generating a huge amount of posts that need effective methods to be classified and searched. In Twitter and other social media platforms, hashtags are exploited by users to facilitate the search, categorization, and spread of posts. Choosing the appropriate hashtags for a post is not always easy for users, and therefore posts are often published without hashtags or with hashtags not well defined. To deal with this issue, we propose a new model, called HASHET ( HAshtag recommendation using Sentence-to-Hashtag Embedding Translation ), aimed at suggesting a relevant set of hashtags for a given post. HASHET is based on two independent latent spaces for embedding the text of a post and the hashtags it contains. A mapping process based on a multi-layer perceptron is then used for learning a translation from the semantic features of the text to the latent representation of its hashtags. We evaluated the effectiveness of two language representation models for sentence embedding and tested different search strategies for semantic expansion, finding out that the combined use of BERT ( Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformer ) and a global expansion strategy leads to the best recommendation results. HASHET has been evaluated on two real-world case studies related to the 2016 United States presidential election and COVID-19 pandemic. The results reveal the effectiveness of HASHET in predicting one or more correct hashtags, with an average F -score up to 0.82 and a recommendation hit-rate up to 0.92. Our approach has been compared to the most relevant techniques used in the literature ( generative models , unsupervised models, and attention-based supervised models ) by achieving up to 15% improvement in F -score for the hashtag recommendation task and 9% for the topic discovery task.

I-Dataquest: A heterogeneous information retrieval tool using data graph for the manufacturing industry

Manufacturing industry needs access to the data in order to realise its activities but also to generate new value-added knowledge. Nevertheless, it is confronted with a large and growing volume of heterogeneous data which limits its ability to exploit them optimally. Moreover, the data are distributed within different heterogeneous information systems, which limits the relationship exploration under the information retrieval process. Usually, the challenge is addressed by trying to manage and normalize the data structure in order to faster searching and exploiting them in a manufacturing context. For their part, the authors present i-Dataquest, an information retrieval system supported by (i) a graph-oriented model built from the structured and unstructured data of the company and (ii) a query system answering ‘what’ and ‘about what’ and (iii) generating three different results: a list of items, a list of property values and a list of sentences. The i-Dataquest prototype is built using Neo4J for the graph system generation, ConceptNet for lexical resource management and StandfordNLP for natural language processing. An evaluation of the prototype’s performance is conducted through a data set representing a drone manufacturer. The results show that the transformation of specific content such as tables in the graph and the semantic expansion of queries significantly improves the recall and precision measures. The results also suggest improving filtering less relevant results by considering particularly queries looking for a specific value.

Truth and Semantic Change in the Gospel of John

Abstract The semantic change of ἀλήθεια in the Gospel of John results from an experienced event. Prior to its analysis of ἀλήθεια within the Gospel, this study categorizes synchronic usages of “truth” from the ancient Mediterranean world. It then argues that the way the Gospel utilizes these prior categories reveals the specific motivations for the semantic expansion of ἀλήθεια into a Christological concept. This article considers the cognitive motivations and conditions for semantic change as outlined by linguists Blank and Coseriu.

Semantic query expansion method based on pay-as-yougo fashion for graph model

The search requirements of users are usually vague and unclear, and the traditional keyword query method is difficult to obtain satisfactory query results. Therefore, the semantic query expansion technology uses semantic information to modify and extend the initial search requirements of users, to obtain more comprehensive and accurate query results. However, the construction cost of the extended query graph is high, and the existing research is difficult to adjust and optimize the user’s query demand in time, resulting in a poor query effect. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a semantic expansion method based on pay-as-you-go fashion for graph model: Firstly, the initial query graph is constructed according to the user’s search requirements, and the semantic similarities between the search requirements and knowledge bases are calculated; Then, the extended sets of attribute-values and edges are generate by sorting the similarity value in descending order; Finally, all or part of the elements in the extended set are combined to generate the extended query graph. This method can dynamically adjust and optimize the initial query based on the relevant semantic information in time, and improve the query efficiency and effect.

ЕСТЕТИКА МОВНО-ОБРАЗНОГО ЗНАКА-СИМВОЛУ КРИНИЦЯ У ПОЕТИЧНОМУ КОНТИНУУМІ ВАСИЛЯ ГОЛОБОРОДЬКА

The article attempts to consider the semantics and connotative shades of the linguistic-aesthetic sign-symbol well in the poetic language of Vasyl Holoborodko. The peculiarities of the use of synonymous equivalents for the designation of hydro objects for water extraction and consumption, which are used by the artist as figurative-poetic signs-symbols, are clarified. The semantic and emotional-expressive load in the texts of the word-image is characterized. The specificity of the artist's figurative rethinking of the ethnonym is substantiated. In the process of analysis it was established that the well is a sign-symbol inherent in all civilizational cultures; the name of the well is poetic, characteristic both for everyday use and forfolklore. In V. Holoborodko's poetic discourse we mostly fix the word-image of a well in unity with the concepts of water, bucket and actions to drink water, go for water, dig a well, etc. Krynytsia - in the poetic world reproduction of V. Holoborodko - a symbol of earthly life, a symbol of eternal existence, a sign of cosmic existence. At the same time - it is a source of truth, the key to knowledge of the universe, its laws, the reality of ethno-being. The token well as a word-image in V. Holoborodko's poetry is attested with the seeds "memory", "genealogy", "succession of generations", "earthly life focused on high spiritual principles". The well is also a "measure of the honesty of the individual." The word-image well is also based on the seeds "quenching thirst", "source of inspiration", "life". The image-symbol is characterized by a positive emotional and expressive load. We record a significant expansion of the occasional semantics of the word-image in the idiolect of the artist of the sixties, which occurs due to the analogy: the depth of the well - the depth of thought, soul; purity of the well - purity of thought, soul; well - terrestrial life, reaching the cosmic heights (water cycle).

A Contrast Study of the Semantic Expansion of Korean and Chinese Spatial Adjectives : Focusing on the Words “넓다/宽 (wide) and 좁다/窄 (narrow)”

A Contrast Study of the Semantic Expansion of Korean and Chinese Spatial Adjectives : Focusing on the Words “넓다/宽 (wide) and 좁다/窄 (narrow)”

A comparative study on the formation of Sinoxenic person nouns in Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese

This study attempts to sketch out how Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese (hereafter K, C, J, and V, respectively) have produced Sinoxenic personal nouns. The formation of Sinoxenic personal noun falls into one of three types: (1) with an affix attached to the original word; (2) semantic expansion; (3) expansion to figurative meanings. One observes all three types throughout KCJV; however, specific patterns differ slightly between Vietnamese and the other three languages. The differences between Vietnamese and the other three in Sinoxenic formation result from differences in geographical distances and frequencies of linguistic exchanges. Meanings of Sinoxenic words stayed similar among Korea, China, and Japan, due to frequent human and literary exchanges, which did not occur between Vietnam and the other three countries.

The Cognitive Map of Barbarity: Term, Notion, Innovative Essence

The article presents a historical review and theoretical analysis of the cognitive map of barbarity as the basis for studying the basic terminology that has developed in barbaristics. For the first time, an attempt is made to analyze the cognitive potential of barbaristics, referring to its conceptual structure. The most significant terms, notions and innovative essences, their role in the structure of the barbarian's cognition are considered. It is emphasized that in the processes of symbol formation there was a movement from notion to innivative essence, in the study of the history of barbarity — from notional to conceptual cognition. The conditions of the general expansion of the archaic semantics of the term “barbarian” and the features of its translation and transmutation in time and space are considered. The key characteristics of the notion of “barbarity” as a stable socio-cultural phenomenon are identified and disclosed in historical retrospect. The emerging notions of «new» and «latent» barbarity are specially analyzed.