Semantic Analysis Method Research Articles

Measuring Chinese online populist discourse: an automated semantic text analysis method

Based on conceptualizing Chinese online populism as a grassroots discourse and operationalizing it in terms of people-centrist and anti-elitist dimensions, we developed an automated semantic text analysis method for analyzing Chinese online populist discourse both quantitatively and qualitatively. First, we introduced semantic role labeling to reformulate the original text into semantic triplets. Second, we created a Chinese populism dictionary containing terms signifying “the people,” “elites,” and “popular sovereignty.” Third, we developed a rule-based method to recognize populist discourse automatically. The automated semantic text analysis method can capture a great deal of qualitative information throughout this process for further analysis. The validation test showed that the automated semantic text analysis method performed satisfactorily (accuracy > 0.9). This method not only creates a broadly applicable and reliable tool for studying Chinese online populism, but it also contributes to the literature on how populism manifests in various cultural and political contexts, expanding the possibilities of populism research globally.

Identification of key narratives to assess students’ perception of social reality

Introduction. The article presents the results of the research investigation on identifying key narratives in the perception of the external social environment by university students on the example of St. Petersburg Peter the Great Polytechnic University (hereinafter referred to as SPbPU). The aim of the article is to identify key narratives (images of the present, past, and future) to assess students’ perception of social reality, to substantiate key needs of students in the field of soft skills development and to summarize the practices in the field of teaching these skills in SPbPU. Materials and Methods. The key methods of obtaining research data include the survey, participant observation of the research team members within the framework of professional activities, analysis of documents on the issues of teaching and assessment of teaching Soft Skills disciplines. The methods of semantic analysis, generalization, comparison, data visualization, and verification were used in order to collect data, process and present them. Results. The authors identified key narratives in the perception of the external social environment by university students, including peculiarities of the perception of enlarged groups in social, humanitarian and technical fields of study. The data on the key needs of young people within the framework of Soft Skills acquisition and the experience of implementing such disciplines on the example of SPbPU were generalized. During the study, a search semantic analysis of existing evaluative acronyms was applied to investigate the existing image of reality perception in the target group, and the DICE acronym was introduced to summarize the desired image of the future in university students. The practical results of the research consist in the possibilities to assess the potential of practices in the disciplines within the framework of «Soft Skills» in SPbPU and modernization of similar practices in other universities. Conclusions. The article concludes about the need to build an effective feedback system with university students, which will allow, based on specialized Soft Skills practices, to respond flexibly to needs in the field of deficit skills and competencies of students and ensure their acquisition. In addition, the importance of identifying the existing narratives in the youth environment in the field of perception of social environment and social time to realize the educational, communicative and moral functions of higher education institutions is shown.

MalEXLNet:A semantic analysis and detection method of malware API sequence based on EXLNet model

MalEXLNet:A semantic analysis and detection method of malware API sequence based on EXLNet model

Социальные сети как современный тотальный институт

The modern Internet space, especially in the context of social networks, can be viewed through the prism of the theory of total institutions. This article delineates the concept of a total institution, outlining the genesis of its constituent categories. Drawing upon the ideas of E. Goffman, M. Foucault, and P. Bourdieu, a characterization of the total institution is presented. The scientific reflection on this topic within the domestic academic community is also reviewed. Employing semantic analysis and critical discourse analysis methods, the article identifies two potential approaches to applying the category of “total institution” for the analysis of communication in the internet space: first, the social network reproduces similar structures within itself, isolating certain subjects while endowing others with preferences, thereby functioning analogously to social and political systems; second, the social network itself is a total institution, set in opposition to the ordinary world. Conclusion emphasizes the functionality of four parameters through which a social network can be conceptualized as a total institution: enclosed space, rhythmic time, control, and disciplinary practices. These characteristics amplify their impact on the speaking subject under the conditions of the dominance of a quasi-political discourse, prevalent in social networks.

Analysis of policy changes for Yangtze River Basin governance from 1980 to 2022—based on semantic analysis method and punctuated equilibrium theory

The governance policies have a prominent impact on the development and regional planning of the Yangtze River Basin, a key region for China to achieve modernization. Taking the public policy documents issued by China’s central government for the Yangtze River Basin from 1980 to 2022 as the research object, this paper introduces the NLP (Natural Language Processing) technology and semantic analysis methods to carry out quantitative research on policies. This study first examines the textual connotations of the policies and the characteristics of the policy changes based on the LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) model to determine how policy changes occur for the governance of the Yangtze River Basin. Using the punctuated equilibrium theory, it then conducts two case studies in which the implications of specific major events are analyzed in depth. Research has shown that the changes in governance policies for the Yangtze River Basin are characterized by gradual changes and intermittent mutation, roughly divided into three stages: the stage of reform and development, the stage of transition, and the stage of prioritizing ecological conservation and green development. Moreover, such changes jointly result from three factors: the major events, the focus of public opinions, and the care of the central government.

Rhetoric Of Language In The Story Of Ashābul Kahfi According To Muhammad Thāhir Ibn Asyûr

<table style="width: 688px;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="501"><p style="text-align: justify;">The Qur'an is considered to contain many i'jaz sides which make it impossible for humans to create or imitate it. Of the many mufassir, not all of them discuss their interpretation with the style or aspect of language. This is where contemporary scholars and <em>mufassir</em> emergedThe name is Ibnu Ashur with his commentary <em>Tahrir wa Tanwir</em>, he is one of the interpreters who is very concerned about the various <em>Ijaz</em> and <em>balaghoh</em> aspects in the Al-Quran. And in the Qur'an there are many stories that are full of lesson and become life better, one of which is the story of the <em>Ashabul-Kahf</em> which is famous for its miraculous and full of grace, which is permissible for everyone to learn the lesson from this story with the secret meaning that come from Allah. style. The purpose of this study is to analyze hidden secrets that lie in the beauty of the choice of language, sentences, and arrangement of verses from the perspective of Al-Ijaz Al-Bayani in the story of Ashabul-Kahf according to Ibn Ashur. The method used by the researcher is a semantic analysis method which is part of linguistics which talks about the meaning of an expression or word in a language. Al-Bayani's dimension to the story of Ashabul-Kahfi lies in the beauty of the use of language. With the existence of sentences which are <em>taraduf </em>such as the sentences <em>Rhasyada </em>and <em>Rasdhu,</em> Kinayah is like the sentence <em>dzarabna fii adzaniihim</em> which means <em>An-naum</em> (sleep), and other examples.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>

MODELLING OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO DIGITAL RISKS IN EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION

Automated semantic analysis and topic modelling methods were first applied to a large corpus of public online communities and discussions to analyse strategies for responding to digital risks in modern society. A large array of public data on profiles of the social network “Vkontakte” and their subscriptions to online communities was used to train a predictive model of individual adaptation to risks in the field of education and professional self-determination. Based on the results of thematic modelling, three topics of subscriptions to online communities were identified as signs of psychological adaptation: preparation for exams, self-development and “popular” psychology, education and science. The developed version of the predictive model of psychological adaptation showed high accuracy and the importance of such factors as age, gender and place of residence for individual adaptation to digital risks in the field of education and professional self-determination.

Сравнение схожести интеллект-карт в задачах маркетингового анализа

High competition requires new methods, tools, and technologies for implementing marketing efforts. Mind maps represent marketing information in a compact way, which facilitates classification and visualization of the marketing phenomenon under analysis. The method of text analysis can be applied to marketing research because mind maps that represent marketing information are a structured text; such an approach makes it possible to subject mind maps to linguistic processing. This research combined the conventional semantic analysis with comparing mind maps as a method of semantic-graph analysis. Initial marketing data were converted into a structured graph of lexical units, which were them compared pairwise to calculate similarity, taking into account the structural-multiple approach. The methods of semantic text analysis proved applicable to marketing data and effective in extracting additional information from a set of heterogeneous sources or different experts. Text analysis tools demonstrated a good potential for broadening the rage of marketing research methods.

Simona: a comprehensive R package for semantic similarity analysis on bio-ontologies

BackgroundBio-ontologies are keys in structuring complex biological information for effective data integration and knowledge representation. Semantic similarity analysis on bio-ontologies quantitatively assesses the degree of similarity between biological concepts based on the semantics encoded in ontologies. It plays an important role in structured and meaningful interpretations and integration of complex data from multiple biological domains.ResultsWe present simona, a novel R package for semantic similarity analysis on general bio-ontologies. Simona implements infrastructures for ontology analysis by offering efficient data structures, fast ontology traversal methods, and elegant visualizations. Moreover, it provides a robust toolbox supporting over 70 methods for semantic similarity analysis. With simona, we conducted a benchmark against current semantic similarity methods. The results demonstrate methods are clustered based on their mathematical methodologies, thus guiding researchers in the selection of appropriate methods. Additionally, we explored annotation-based versus topology-based methods, revealing that semantic similarities solely based on ontology topology can efficiently reveal semantic similarity structures, facilitating analysis on less-studied organisms and other ontologies.ConclusionsSimona offers a versatile interface and efficient implementation for processing, visualization, and semantic similarity analysis on bio-ontologies. We believe that simona will serve as a robust tool for uncovering relationships and enhancing the interoperability of biological knowledge systems.

Raylike Subject Model of Text Deauthorization in Media Genres (in English and Belarusian)

The purpose of the article is to construct a raylike subject model of text deauthorization based on the material of English and Belarusian media texts of information genres with the identification of common and distinctive features. In the result of analysis of the ways in which the subject components of deauthorization structures are located in news articles and interviews using the modeling method, methods of semantic and contextual analysis, the raylike subject model of text deauthorization is constructed, which exhibits similar and distinctive features in the compared English and Belarusian media texts. The characteristics of the analyzed model that are common to the compared media cultures are established: structural and semantic parallelism of deauthorization structures, the presence of similar narrating subject groups, the dichotomy of opinions of specialists and non-specialists. Different features of the analyzed model in the compared media cultures are identified, which relate to the nature of the dominant pragmatic marking and the formal-referential characteristics of the subject components in deauthorization structures. The genre specificity of the studied model in the interview texts is revealed, where a new version of raylike subject model is discovered, in which two collective opinions are contrasted on the principle of «we» vs «strangers», while a number of fortifying discursive signals are used to strengthen the we-position.

Psycho-semantic analysis of job advertisements as a communicative tool of educational marketing

Introduction. The relevance of the study of job advertisements for teachers and psychologists is associated with the need to find tools for regulating communication within the modern educational environment with dynamic, constantly changing working conditions. The publication of employer requirements sets the direction for changing the criteria for the success of the specialist, which changes the entire educational environment. The purpose of the study: to identify the categorical semantic structure of job advertisements for teachers (using the example of the "Infrastructure of Scientific Research Data" platform). Materials and methods. The object of the study was a corpus of teacher job vacancies from the "Infrastructure of Scientific Research Data" platform, published in 2023 in 83 regions of Russia (5561 vacancies). The job postings included descriptions of candidate requirements, information about the offered salary, and the region in which the vacancy was available. As a comparison group, a corpus of psychologist job vacancies (2076 vacancies) was considered. The following methods were used in the study: 1) Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method for identifying and analyzing the structure of requirements presented in teacher and psychologist job vacancies; 2) Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method for categorical semantic analysis of the structure of teacher and psychologist job vacancies and description of the semantic framework (frame) of the job description; 3) Descriptive statistical methods for analyzing the needs of professionals in helping professions in different regions of Russia and the conditions offered to them. The results of the study. The regions of the Russian Federation with the greatest need for teachers and psychologists have been identified. Based on the statistical significance in the collection of text documents, the most demanded skills of teachers by employers are identified: methodological development and design of an individual educational route (0.167), work with children with disabilities (0.144), organization of the educational process (0.089). For vacancies of psychologists, the most significant were: work on investigative actions (0.319), methodical work in an educational organization (0.187), psychological and pedagogical support for successful development and training (0.129). The main meanings governing professional pedagogical activity are more focused on meta-skills based on the values of inclusion and continuous improvement of education, as well as on flexible skills (Soft skills) that increase competitiveness in various fields of pedagogical activity. In the vacancies of psychologists, professional skills (Hard skills) are relevant, applicable in specific areas, which somewhat narrows the scope of professional implementation. Conclusion. The results of the empirical study allow for considering job vacancy advertisements as one of the communicative tools of educational marketing. Analyzing the significant professional skills from the employer's perspective will enable the development of recommendations for the development of professional communication for teachers, which can be considered in the system of continuous professional education, as well as in regulating interaction within the educational environment. Automated analysis of job vacancies can become a successful interactive diagnostic tool for educational marketing, necessary for the development of the educational space and the improvement of the competitiveness of educational institutions.

Conceptual Metaphor “MEDIA AS A TRAP” in Vietnamese and English online Newspapers

The study explores the conceptual metaphor of "MEDIA AS A TRAP" in Vietnamese and English, aiming to understand perceptions of media in these linguistic contexts. Using the theory of conceptual metaphor in cognitive linguistics, alongside descriptive and semantic analysis methods, the research establishes and analyzes the mapping from the source domain of "TRAP" to the target domain of "MEDIA." By examining metaphorical expressions in press texts, the study uncovers underlying cognitive models, including media as trickery and media as a scam. Survey data reveals similar frequencies of metaphorical expressions in both languages, with 110 instances in Vietnamese and 90 in English, indicating a shared understanding of the metaphor. The analysis highlights significant parallels and distinctions in the conceptual metaphor "MEDIA IS A TRAP" between Vietnamese and English, underscoring its universal cognitive and linguistic significance. Both languages employ similar conceptual metaphorical expressions, yet exhibit subtle differences reflecting distinct cultural perspectives.

HISTORICAL EVENTS INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF MILITARY VOCABULARY IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FIRST AND SECOND WORLD WARS)

The paper deals with the influence of various historical events on the emergence, evolution and adaptation of military terms in the Ukrainian language. The object of research is the military vocabulary of the Ukrainian language, and the subject is the processes of its formation under the influence of historical circumstances. The study focuses on the identification and analysis of specific military terms that arose in different historical periods, namely, during the First and Second World Wars. The article examines the reasons and circumstances of the appearance of certain lexemes or word combinations, their consolidation in the military terminology system, as well as how these terms are defined and described in modern dictionaries. The methodological basis of the research includes historical-comparative analysis, methods of semantic and etymological analysis, as well as a contextual approach to the study of terminology. Special attention is paid to how social and political circumstances influenced the transformation of military lexicon and its adaptation to the modern linguistic environment. The study also investigates the preservation and relevance of these terms in today’s usage, particularly in military literature, official documents, and mass media. A complex analysis model of the influence of historical events on the formation of the term system of military vocabulary in the Ukrainian language is proposed. As a result of the research, several possible options for changing the initial meaning of the military term will be demonstrated. The research conclusions are interesting not only from a linguistic point of view, but also contribute to a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical processes that influenced the development of the language. These results can be useful for linguistic studies, creation of dictionaries, for teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language, and development of educational materials for foreign students studying the Ukrainian language.

On some aspects of studying the topic «Russia: trials and heroes» within the framework of the discipline «Fundamentals of Russian Statehood»

The article considers the issue of teaching the new course «Fundamentals of Russian Statehood», which has been introduced everywhere into the programs of universities in the country only since 2023, which determines its relevance. The authors are trying to solve the problem: how to awaken a sense of patriotism in young people, convey to them the values of Russian civilization and do this in a way that does not cause rejection or resistance?The goal of the research is to find a theoretical and methodological basis for sensitive, but at the same time effective teaching of the discipline «Fundamentals of Russian Statehood» and to demonstrate the chosen pedagogical strategy using the example of studying the topic «Russia: Trials and Heroes».The authors of the article, using methods of semantic and structural analysis, have formed an ideological framework and set the logic for selecting material, which allows them to provide the necessary information within the chosen topic in a targeted and orderly manner.The result of the research was methodological recommendations and materials for studying the topic «Russia: trials and heroes». In order to avoid a moralizing tone and excessive pathos, it has been proposed to adhere to such pedagogical principles and techniques as focusing on dialogue, relying on previously formed knowledge and ideas, searching for connections between this topic and modernity and professional interests that are relevant for certain groups of students.The Conclusions. The article has a clear practical focus. It presents methodological developments, including, among other things, a logically structured plan and specific tasks on the topic «Russia: trials and heroes».

Ensemble-based Disease Outbreak Detection: Comparative Analysis of Health News Information Retrieval Techniques

In India, Kerala is the first state to report a COVID-19 infection case, in January 2020, in a medical student, who returned from Wuhan, China. More recently, in June 2022, Kerala also reported India's first case of monkeypox disease. News websites often publish articles dedicated to reporting disease occurrences and live updates of outbreaks. Through the utilization of data gathered from online digital resources, early detection of outbreaks is possible, and this potential is already identified by the research community. As webpages give a comprehensive collection of reports covering a wide range of themes through hyperlinks, precisely categorizing news articles based on their headlines and retrieving health news is a tedious operation. Hence, this paper proposes a novel and efficient news retrieval technique grounded on an ML-based classification method with an ensemble learning approach to identify reports of disease occurrences from web pages by focusing specifically on the health context of Kerala and a comparison with baseline methods for information retrieval such as keyword-based, phrase-based, and content-based latent semantic analysis method is made.

The Influence of Mass Media on the Modern Japanese Language

The purpose of this study is to examine the key influence of mass media on different language levels based on analysing several modern newspapers and magazines published in Japan. The article uses the following methods of analysis: structural analysis, lexical and semantic analysis, stylistic analysis, analytical and synthetic method, and contextual analysis. The results of the study showed that the most noticeable influence of mass media on the modern Japanese language was observed at the lexical and stylistic levels and less noticeable – at the phonetic, word-forming, morphological, and syntactic levels. Phonetic changes in the Japanese press were associated with the adaptation of non-equivalent vocabulary from European languages using the Japanese alphabet (katakana). At the word-forming level, the changes concerned primarily uncharacteristic derivational units that came to Japanese from English, and at the morphological level, the influence was conducted mainly through the demonstration of samples of the correct use of case endings, tenses and coordination of parts of speech. At the syntactic level, there was a variety of syntactic constructions, in particular, to expand the content, introduce additional sentences, and change the topic of conversation. The stylistic influence of mass media on the Japanese language system consisted in the use of artistic tropes and stylistic figures, in particular, metaphors, hyperbole, and periphery, which can be considered patterns for communicative behaviour.

COMPUTER VISUALIZATION IN TEACHING GENERAL TECHNICAL DISCIPLINES: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

The article investigates the development of visual aids and visualization ideas in the organization of the educational process, particularly in teaching general technical disciplines. The article aims to review the development of visual aids and visualization ideas in education, clarify the essence of computer visualiza- tion, classify its types and kinds, and determine the directions of computer visualization usage in teaching general technical disciplines and the software applications that ensure their development for educational purposes. The study operates methods of retrospective, content, and semantic analysis, classification, gen- eralization, and modelling. The historical context of introducing electronic visualization tools in education has been considered in the study, starting from the first projectors in the 1930s to modern computer visualization technologies such as 2D and 3D visualization, stereoscopic 3D, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR). The es- sence of computer visualization as a general term for graphic methods of creating, analysing, and transmit- ting information has been defined. Differences between the didactic principles of visual aids and visualiza- tion have been clarified. It has been highlighted that visualization has a more complex structure since it in- cludes actions for constructing images of investigated objects or phenomena. The article identifies the directions for implementing computer visualization, including scientific, soft- ware, and information visualization. It has been established that all visual content can be divided into three subgroups: structured, artistic, and demonstrative visual objects, which can be static or dynamic, in one plane or three-dimensional space. The impact of computer visualization on the methods of teaching general technical disciplines has been analysed. It has been shown that modern approaches to using computer visualization provide new opportunities for more effective and interactive learning, promoting the development of students’ technical and spatial imagination, which is crucial for future engineers and technical specialists. An approximate list of software for creating computer visualization tools, which can be useful in teaching general technical disciplines, has been provided. Among them are applications for creating presentations and infographics, 3D modelling, VR and AR-based applications and services, simulators, and emulators. The main directions for using computer visualization aids in teaching general technical disciplines are identified, including auxiliary synopsis, diagrams, tables, block diagrams, graphs, frames, word clouds, domain structures, memory cards, comics, heuristic sketches, knowledge animation, infographics, multimedia presentations, educational videos, static and dynamic 2D and 3D models, VR and AR objects. It has been concluded, that the didactic effectiveness of computer visualization in teaching general technical disciplines is ensured by certain provisions, namely: the focus on the quick and complete memorization of studied concepts, theories, and ideas by students; adherence to the principles of reliability, quality, completeness, sufficiency, logic, simplicity of perception, optimality, unity of graphics and text, and emphasis on key points; encouraging students to independently analyse and construct new, non-trivial didactic tasks allowing them to explore concepts, phenomena, or objects in terms of independent search and educational experimentation.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF USING INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRAINING OF TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS

The article addresses how to improve the professional training of specialists in the transport industry using information and cognitive technologies. The article aims to study and explain the problems, opportunities, and prospects of implementing and using information and cognitive technologies in the educational environment, as well as the specifics of their implementation for teaching and learning in educational and professional programs for the trans- port specialists’ training. The following methods of semantic and comparative analysis, classification, generalization, and sys- tematization, as well as competency-based, technological, and creative development approaches were used in the research. It has been found that cognitive technologies in the context of teaching and learning involve the use of methods and tools, which are based on understanding and activating cognitive processes such as think- ing, memory, and attention. In cognitive learning, the educational process focuses not on absorbing infor- mation but on understanding the internal connections of the studied subjects, which encourages students to engage in dialogical, exploratory thinking, and increases mental activity concentration. By complement- ing information technologies with cognitive ones, which take into account the individual and general cog- nitive students’ abilities, it is possible not only to encourage professional training but also to enhance the overall cognitive efficiency of future specialists. For educators, these technologies facilitate the use of ICT as cognitive tools for transitioning from traditional teacher-centred methods to constructivist student-cen- tred approaches. It has been established that information-cognitive technologies combine methods and algorithms based on insights into the cognition processes, learning, communication, and information processing, grounded in the achievements of neuroscience, digital and information technologies, and the mathematical modelling of consciousness. In the educational process, they are designed to support students in setting and solving cre- ative tasks that are difficult to formalize, as well as to reveal and effectively operate their cognitive potential. In the professional training of students, certain information-cognitive technologies can be applied both with and without the use of computer systems. These include technologies for developing critical thinking, creatively developmental technologies, project technologies, foresight methodologies, problem-based learn- ing technologies, mastery learning technologies, mental activity activation technologies, case studies, gaming technologies, visualization and data representation technologies, and learning through practice. Additionally, the use of multimedia technologies, scribing, virtual and augmented reality, project technologies based on networking, gamification, interactive technologies, primarily group work technol- ogies, open, distance, and blended learning technologies, and also the Internet of Things, Blockchain, Big Data, expert systems, SMART technologies, and artificial intelligence significantly enhances the quality of training students in proficiency transport area. It has been concluded that information and cognitive technologies provide interactive, personalized, and practically oriented learning, contribute to the development of student’s critical thinking, and for fu- ture transport specialists can optimize logistics processes, automate diagnostics, repair, and operation of vehicles, in addition, increase the specialist’s adaptability to the complex conditions of the modern and fu- ture professional environment.

TEACHER’S SELF-EDUCATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW: FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

The article examines the problem of the teacher’s professional growth due to continuous self- education and personal development in the conditions of martial law. The aim of the article is to outline the pathways of self-educational activities for teachers and the approaches to enhancing the professional level of educators, implemented at Alfred Nobel University under martial law conditions. In the course of the research, methods of analogy, retrospective and semantic analysis, SWOT analysis, generalization, and specification of scientific principles and the regulatory framework related to teacher self-education were employed. A SWOT analysis of interpretations of the concept of “self-education” was conducted, and it was found that self-education is a necessary component of professional activity which is determined by social order and is a factor in the personal and professional growth of a specialist. Emphasis is placed on self-education of the teacher as the leading form of improvement of pedagogical skill and professional competence, which consists in assimilation, renewal, dissemination and deepening of knowledge, generalization of experience through purposeful, systematic self-education activities aimed at self-development and self-improvement of the individual, satisfaction of personal interests and objective needs of the educational institution. It was found that the conditions of the martial law in Ukraine and changes in educational orientations made corrections both in the content of teachers’ self-education and in the forms and types of their self-education activities. Some approaches to raising the professional level of a teacher, which were implemented at Alfred Nobel University under martial law conditions, namely acquiring competencies to preserve and restore mental health, providing psychological support to participants in the educational process, improving information competence, implementing effective ways to improve the quality of education in online learning, and mastering new learning/teaching methods, are considered. The content of the developed and implemented comprehensive program of care for human mental health, including a marathon of online meetings with domestic specialists and lecturers from European countries, aimed at mastering the competencies to ensure one’s own psychological health and improve the psycho-emotional state of higher education students in wartime conditions, is disclosed. The expediency of particular directions of development has been substantiated including teachers’ mastering various software, the ability to work on various educational platforms, and the use of interactive applications; cooperation and interaction with domestic and foreign higher education institutions in order to gain experience for the further implementation of the best European practices in the educational process; internships, participation in international projects, thanks to which teachers found and implemented effective ways to improve the quality of education in online learning, and mastered new methods of learning/ teaching. The feasibility of implementing special measures to support the self-educational activities of teachers under martial law conditions has been confirmed, with a focus on the targeted development of key professional competencies related to continuous professional self-development. The conclusions emphasise the need for purposeful self-education of the teacher, thanks to which a new invaluable experience of providing quality education in wartime conditions is formed.

Дискурсивная специфика компьютерных игр

The present paper refers to the current problem of semiotic signs’ specifics in the context of gaming discourse based on texts from action first-person shooter game Ultrakill developed by Finnish creators. The problem is relevant due to the influence that computer games have on people’s mind – in particular on the minds of the younger generation. Moreover, the study will help to understand the linguistic mechanisms of the impact of video games on players. The study used methods of semantic analysis, semiotic analysis, observation and description techniques. As a result, the research revealed that developers use intertextual units to create patterns that are familiar to the player, but which at the same time have new characteristics. While 66% of all intertext is universally known, obscure allusions play an important role in creating associations for the recipient as well, which proves the importance of intertext in video game discourse. Well-known allusions play a role in creating semantic images in the game, while the lesser known intertext has easy to understand semes that could provoke the player to action in game. The research identified the following types of intertext: allusions to songs, music albums, other games, myths, the Bible and literature. The synthesis of intertext and author’s text in level names gives the player an idea of the upcoming challenges without informing of the level context, and in some cases even intriguing the player. The combination of borrowings and original semiotic units in the names of characters creates images that are familiar to the player, but at the same time, it creates properties that are specific to this particular game. Dialogues are mainly inherent in this genre, but the conversations also have deviations from this genre, which is also done in order to affect the player – the author gives the recipient a familiar behavior pattern in order to replace it afterewards, causing cognitive dissonance to the player. Conclusions are drawn about the discourse mechanisms in video games, how they affect the player and for what purpose the developer uses one or another linguistic technique.