Self-management Ability Research Articles

Ways to Cultivate College Students’ Self-management Ability

Ways to Cultivate College Students’ Self-management Ability

Research on the Cultivation and Enhancement Strategies of Students' Self-Management Ability in Colleges and Universities

College life is a period full of fresh experiences, opportunities, and challenges for college students, in which students need not only to learn basic professional knowledge but also need to cultivate their self-management ability to adapt to the ever-changing learning and living environment. The article first introduces the role of cultivating students' self-management ability in colleges and universities and gives some effective strategies to improve students' self-management ability to help colleges and universities to improve students' self-management skills, promote students' comprehensive and healthy development, and to lay a good foundation for students' work and life in the future.

Research on the Cultivation and Enhancement Strategies of Students' Self-Management Ability in Colleges and Universities

College life is a period full of fresh experiences, opportunities, and challenges for college students, in which students need not only to learn basic professional knowledge but also need to cultivate their self-management ability to adapt to the ever-changing learning and living environment. The article first introduces the role of cultivating students' self-management ability in colleges and universities and gives some effective strategies to improve students' self-management ability to help colleges and universities to improve students' self-management skills, promote students' comprehensive and healthy development, and to lay a good foundation for students' work and life in the future.

The therapeutic effect of ikebana teaching combined with ACT on obsessive-compulsive disorder college students

BackgroundIn recent years, due to academic pressure, changes in interpersonal relationships, and living environments, the mental health problems of college students have gradually become prominent, with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) becoming an indispensable part. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder often suffer from recurring obsessive-compulsive beliefs and behaviors, seriously affecting their daily lives and academic performance. Therefore, seeking effective intervention methods is crucial.Subjects and MethodsThe experiment selected 60 students with obsessive-compulsive disorder from a particular school and randomly divided them into an experimental group and a control group, with 30 students in each group. The experimental group received practical teaching of flower arrangement art and acceptance commitment therapy (ACT). The control group only used traditional psychological counseling methods. The experimental period is six months, and the data is statistically processed using SPSS 24.0 and Excel.ResultsAfter a 6-month intervention, the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the experimental group were significantly reduced, with a total effective rate of 90%, while the effective rate in the control group was 60%. In addition, the experimental group’s self-efficacy, emotional regulation ability, and quality of life also significantly improved.Conclusions The combination of flower arrangement art practice teaching and acceptance commitment therapy has shown sound intervention effects in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder college students. This combined treatment method can not only effectively alleviate obsessive-compulsive symptoms but also enhance the patient’s psychological resilience and self-management ability. Promoting this method has significant practical value in future mental health work.AcknowledgementHunan Province General Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (General Education Project) (No. HNJG-2020-1170).

The integration of ceramic art design and color visual aesthetics on hyperactivity disorder viewers

Background ADHD, also known as Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has inattention, hyperactivity, conduct disorder, and impulsive behavior as its main clinical manifestations. Visual working memory load is one of the factors that can affect the individual’s attentional performance, so the study proposes to intervene in patients with ADHD with the help of a training form that combines artistic design and the visual aesthetics of colors.Subjects and Methods Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), meeting the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria, were selected as the study subjects and divided into experimental and control groups using the random table method. Both groups underwent color vision training therapy, strengthening the experimental group regarding graphic design and color aesthetics. The practical test tools included Rey’s Complex Graphic Memory Task and Chinese Children’s Attention Level Scale, and the statistical analysis tool was SPSS23.0, with P<0.05 indicating statistical differences.ResultsIn the ceramic art design test experiment, the subjects in the experimental group scored better than the control group in terms of structure and detail (P<0.05), and their concentration level was greatly improved.ConclusionsThe intervention of art design and color visual aesthetics integration has obvious applicability to ADHD patients, with significant efficacy, better control of their attention and behavioral actions, and help to improve the ability of self-management.

Analysis Of The Effect Of Socio-Political Factors On Self-Management And Family Care Abilities In Prevention Of Severity Effort In Patient With Coronary Heart Disease

Analysis Of The Effect Of Socio-Political Factors On Self-Management And Family Care Abilities In Prevention Of Severity Effort In Patient With Coronary Heart Disease

Supporting learners self-management for self-directed language learning: a study within Duolingo

PurposeThis study aims to investigate a unique approach to learning languages through self-directed online learning. Specifically, it explores the self-management abilities and skills learners need while learning a language outside traditional classroom settings when using mobile-assisted learning technology.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-methods approach was used in this study, including an online survey of 84 people and 10 semi-structured interviews.FindingsFindings reveal the significant role of specific and well-defined learning goals in enhancing learners’ performance. These goals can be either self-initiated by the learners themselves or defined by the technological features of the learning platform. However, the presence of distractions in learners’ daily lives presents challenges to effective time management, affecting learners both physically and psychologically. A key aspect of self-directed language learning lies in the learners’ ability to seek out relevant human and material resources beyond the confines of a single mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) tool. The authenticity of these resources is crucial in ensuring meaningful and effective learning experiences.Research limitations/implicationsUnderstanding how learners navigate and discover valuable resources is a central focus of this study. This research offers valuable insights into the field of self-directed language learning, revealing the pivotal role of self-management skills with mobile-assisted learning technology. The findings contribute to the broader field of language education and offer practical implications for educators and developers seeking to optimize self-directed language learning experiences through innovative and technologically driven approaches.Originality/valueMALL is often ideal for individualized informal learning, but the existing literature focuses heavily on formal learning situations, underestimating the importance of MALL practices in various informal settings. Most research reports on MALL-based self-directed learning primarily sample traditional English-learning university students. Therefore, there is a need for research on how nontraditional older adult learners self-direct their language learning with mobile technology outside the classroom.

Evaluation of the SPAN intervention for people living with young-onset dementia in the community and their family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of the SPAN-intervention, a psychosocial intervention aiming at improving a sense of usefulness and engaging in meaningful activities, for community-dwelling people living with young-onset dementia (YOD) and their family caregivers. Methods A cluster-randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups (SPAN-intervention vs. care as usual) with assessments at baseline and five-month follow-up was performed. Sixty-one persons living with YOD and their family caregivers were included (SPAN-intervention group: n = 35; care as usual group: n = 26). Outcomes included, for the person living with YOD, empowerment (operationalized by self-management abilities using the SMAS-30; primary outcome), quality of life, neuropsychiatric symptoms, disability, apathy; and, for the family caregiver, quality of life, emotional distress, sense of competence. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results We found no statistically significant effects of the SPAN-intervention on empowerment, nor on the secondary outcome measures for persons living with YOD or their family caregivers. Conclusion Although the SPAN-intervention may provide concrete opportunities to engage in activities and stimulate reciprocity, such as meaningful social activities, this study did not demonstrate intervention effects. Additional qualitative evaluations may provide more insight into the implementation process and experiences of people living with YOD and their family caregivers. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02937883).

An information-motivation-behavioral skills model-based intervention for patients with epilepsy

PurposeSelf-management is crucial for patients with epilepsy (PWE) as it can effectively control the condition, improve treatment outcomes, and reduce the risk of seizures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of health education based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model in improving self-management, quality of life, and medication adherence among PWE. MethodThis study was conducted in a district in Shanghai, China, from September 2022 to March 2023. A total of 90 PWE were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Patients in the intervention group received health education based on the IMB model, whereas those in the control group received routine medical treatment only. The effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated by measuring self-management ability, quality of life, and medication adherence at three months and six months after the intervention. ResultsThe study included a total of 90 PWE; among them, 55 patients (61.11%) were male, divided into two groups: 45 participants in the control group and 45 participants in the intervention group. After 3 and 6 months of intervention, the self-management scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t = 14.274, 12.448; P < 0.05). After 6 months of the intervention, the quality-of-life scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t = 2.025, P < 0.05), and the medication adherence in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (X2 = 9.003, P < 0.05). ConclusionHealth education based on the IMB model is a promising approach to improving self-management, quality of life, and medication adherence among PWE. It provides personalized, patient-centered interventions that consider patients' knowledge, motivation, and behavior skills, and could be a useful tool for healthcare providers in developing comprehensive care plans for individuals with epilepsy.

Nurse Self-Management Experience as a Covid-19 Vaccinator

Changes in work patterns during a pandemic will certainly impact changes in the work habits of nurses who must be able to adapt to any work situation in the field, especially for nurses vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine. More than 11 billion people in the world have received a dose of the Covid-19 vaccine. Data for receiving the Covid-19 vaccine in Indonesia is 208,265,720 people. Achievements in the implementation of Vaccination in Palangka Raya City reached 223,414 people with the first phase vaccine distribution of 264,173 people, the second phase amounted to 228,457 people, and the third phase vaccine reached 88,282 people. Amost 80% of nurses experienced mental health problems, namely stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increased workload can affect the physical and psychological health of nurses. Based on the analysis of the data, the nurse's self-management ability is needed to deal with any job demands or workload that is obtained while being a Covid-19 Vaccinator. This study aimed to explore self-management experiences among nurses as COVID-19 vaccine providers. The study used a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach with in-depth interviews with 11 participants who served in five areas of the city of Palangka Raya and were selected based on purposive sampling inclusion criteria. The results of qualitative analysis of thematic data using the Colaizzi technique found seven themes, four of which were very relevant to self-management, namely: 1) Professional Attitude in Discrediting Tasks; 2) Coping Strategy; 3) Job Satisfaction and Altruism; 4) Teamwork Atmosphere; and three additional themes, namely: 5) Factors that cause work stress; 6) Workload of Nurses as Stressors; and 7) Holistic Response experienced by Vaccination

Network analysis of negative emotion and self-management in Chinese patients with early chronic kidney disease

The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide, and the disease carries a serious physical and psychological burden that creates negative emotions among patients. The negative emotions limits patients’ ability to manage their disease and prevents them from effectively delaying disease progression. In this study, we applied a network analysis to explore the network relationship between negative emotions and self-management in patients with CKD and to investigate the risk or protective effects of different components of negative emotions on self-management. The study was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022 in three tertiary hospitals in China, with data gathered via a convenience sampling method. 360 patients with CKD at stages 1 ~ 3 in the department of nephrology completed the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and Chronic Kidney Disease Self-management Instrument. We used R4.1.1 software to estimate the network model and calculate the related indicators. The network showed that among negative emotions “irritated” was negatively correlated with “self-integration”, “problem solving”, “seeking social support” and “adherence to recommended regimen” in self-management. The correlations between “scared” and “self-integration”, “nervous” and “problem solving”, and “ashamed” and “seeking social support” were all positive. The bridge expected influence of “irritated” and “adherence to recommended regimen” were the highest, with values of -0.19 and 0.13, respectively. “Irritated” has a more obvious risk effect on self-management. This study provides an important target for interventions to reduce negative emotions and improve self-management ability in patients with CKD.

Increasing Independence and Self-Management Ability of Santri Through “Kepemimpinan Bertumbuh” Motivation Training

Islamic boarding schools and Santri are two important elements that can impact improving the quality of human resources in Indonesia. The problems community service partners face include Santri' independence and self-management abilities. To overcome this problem, the FE UNNES community service team offered Kepemimpinan Bertumbuh motivational training. Leadership is an important aspect that Santri must possess. The method of implementing the chosen community service activities is motivational training, an activity that can inspire and entertain. The community service team present the material enthusiastically, inspires and touches the Santri' hearts. The community service team has been trained in many training and motivational activities, so they have adequate abilities. The dedication team try to give the best by combining various presentation media. Community service activities have been held in two stages of implementation. The first was held on April 1 2022, with the target of activities namely the administrators of the As Salafy Al Asror Patemon Islamic boarding school, Semarang City. Second, it was held on July 7 2022, with Santri as activity participants. Both activities can run well, as seen by the presence and participation of activities. The first form of activity is Kepemimpinan Bertumbuh training, while the second form of activity is motivational training. The resource person for the activity was Ahmad Nurkhin, S.Pd., M.Sc., assisted by other community service teams. The caretaker of the boarding school, KH Al Mamnuhin Kholid, supports this activity and reinforces the importance of self-management, both by administrators and Santri. Pesantren dan santri merupakan dua elemen penting yang dapat berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas SDM di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra pengabdian diantaranya mengenai kemandirian dan kemampuan manajemen diri santri. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tim pengabdian FE UNNES menyodorkan training motivasi kepemimpinan bertumbuh. Kepemimpinan merupakan aspek penting yang harus dimiliki oleh santri. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian yang dipilih adalah training motivasi, sebuah kegiatan yang dapat menggugah dan menghibur. Tim pengabdian akan berusaha menyajikan materi dengan penuh semangat, menggugah, dan menyentuh hati santri. Tim pengabdian telah terlatih dalam banyak kegiatan training dan training motivasi, sehingga memiliki kemampuan yang memadai. Dengan menggabungkan berbagai media presentasi, tim pengabdian akan berusaha untuk memberikan yang terbaik. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat telah diselenggarakan dalam dua tahapan pelaksanaan. Pertama, dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 April 2022 dengan sasaran kegiatan yaitu pengurus pondok pesantren As Salafy Al Asror Patemon Kota Semarang. Kedua, dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 Juli 2022 dengan santri sebagai peserta kegiatan. Kedua kegiatan dapat berjalan dengan baik dilihat dengan kehadiran dan partisipasi kegiatan. Bentuk kegiatan pertama adalah pelatihan kepemimpinan bertumbuh sedangkan bentuk kegiatan kedua adalah training motivasi. Narasumber kegiatan adalah Ahmad Nurkhin, S.Pd., M.Si. dibantu tim pengabdian lainnya. Pengasuh pondok, KH Al Mamnuhin Kholid sangat mendukung kegiatan ini dan memberikan penguatan pentingnya manajemen diri, baik oleh pengurus dan santri.

대학 무용 관련 강좌 수강 대학생들의 심리적 유연성, 진로통제소재 및 레질리언스의 관계

Objectives This study attempted to verify students' perception of dance-related class participation in the new normal period such as the Covid-19 pandemic and the With COVID-19 period, and assumed that dance-related class students had an influence on psychological stability and flexible adaptation methods to maintain their studies.&#x0D; Methods The subjects of the study are samples of 218 students (159 women and 59 men) from B, K, and Y universities. By conducting multiple regression analysis, α is set-up .05.&#x0D; Results First, psychological flexibility influenced self-management in the relationship between resilience. Positivity and future orientation have influenced confidence. Second, the influence and lethargy of others influenced self-management in the relationship between the locus of control and the resilience. Third, in the relationship between career locus of control and psychological flexibility, the influence and lethargy of others influenced self-management. The influence and lethargy of others affect lateness and judgment. Coincidence influenced future orientation.&#x0D; Conclusions In conclusion, voluntary judgment improves self-management ability, and doing it with future-oriented increases confidence. External locus of control also predicts self-management and voluntary judgment, and coincidence is also a factor related to future orientation.

The Quality of Life Conditions in Public Middle School Students during the Learning Transition Covid-19

Purpose: The realm of a person's level of satisfaction in terms of various aspects such as physical, psychological, social, activity, material and structural needs is seen as a benchmark for the level of a good quality of life. The purpose is Conditions of the Quality of Life of Public Middle School Students during the Learning Transition Covid-19. In order to achieve learning objectives, a teacher is required to know the current condition of students because good learning should be centered on the conditions and needs of the students themselves in order to improve the student learning process during the learning transition due to the sloping cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This research is a quantitative descriptive research with a survey method approach. Descriptive research is an exposure to the state of the field at the time the research takes place, by not looking for and explaining relationships, not testing hypotheses or not making predictions about research results. Basically, quantitative descriptive research focuses on observation and real conditions during research. In quantitative descriptive research, a researcher is only an observer, a category maker of behavior, a recorder of symptoms in observation notes. The method used is a survey method regarding the completeness of data through research when samples are collected using questionnaires or questionnaires as data collection instruments. Results: The quality of life of Surakarta City Public Middle School students, seen from the results above during the transitional learning period, has an interpretation of an average value of 97.58 + 9.876. If the interpretation value of the Kidscreen_27 score is higher, it can be assumed that the lower the quality of life of Surakarta City Public Middle School Students. As for the domain that has the highest average, namely the Autonomy and Parental domains of 26.35 + 4.57, while the lowest domain is the Environment domain with an average of 15.42 + 2.42. Conclusions: The condition of the quality of life of Surakarta City Public Middle School students produces a high average score of 97.58+9.876 indicating that the quality of life of Surakarta City Public Middle School students has low quality because the higher the quality of life value, the lower the quality of life, when viewed from for each domain of quality of life, the highest score is in the Autonomy and Parents domain with a value of 26.35 + 4.55 which means low quality of life for students due to special problems of lack of ability in self-management and relationships with parents or guardians of students. With the finding of the second highest score in the Psychological domain, namely 22.85 + 2.35, which has a direct impact on emotional symptoms and stress symptoms that occur in Surakarta City Public Middle School students.

Study on self-management of real-time and individualized support in stroke patients based on resilience: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe transitional period from hospital to home is vital for stroke patients, but it poses serious challenges. Good self-management ability can optimize disease outcomes. However, stroke patients in China have a low level of self-management ability during the transitional period, and a lack of effective support may be the reason. With the rapid development of technology, using wearable monitors to achieve real-time and individualized support may be the key to solving this problem. This study uses a randomized controlled trial design to assess the efficacy of using wearable technology to realize real-time and individualized self-management support in stroke patients’ self-management behavior during the transitional period following discharge from hospital.MethodsThis parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted in two hospitals and patients’ homes. A total of 183 adult stroke patients will be enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio. The smartwatch intervention group (n = 61) will receive Real-time and Individualized Self-management Support (RISS) program + routine care, the wristband group (n = 61) will wear a fitness tracker (self-monitoring) + routine care, and the control group (n = 61) will receive routine stroke care. The intervention will last for 6 months. The primary outcomes are neurological function status, self-management behavior, quality of life, biochemical indicators, recurrence rate, and unplanned readmission rate. Secondary outcomes are resilience, patient activation, psychological status, and caregiver assessments. The analysis is intention-to-treat. The intervention effect will be evaluated at baseline (T0), 2 months after discharge (T1), 3 months after discharge (T2), and 6 months after discharge (T3).DiscussionThe cloud platform designed in this study not only has the function of real-time recording but also can push timely solutions when patients have abnormal conditions, as well as early warnings or alarms. This study could also potentially help patients develop good self-management habits through resilience theory, wearable devices, and individualized problem–solution library of self-management which can lay the foundation for long-term maintenance and continuous improvement of good self-management behavior in the future.Trial registrationThe ethics approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (2022–941). All patients will be informed of the study details and sign a written informed consent form before enrollment. The research results will be reported in conferences and peer-reviewed publications. The trial registration number is ChiCTR2300070384. Registered on 11 April 2023.

Adoption of nanoparticle micro-infusion valve in venous port access for tumor patients and self-care analysis.

It aimed to discuss the adoption of nanoparticle micro-infusion valves in the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) of tumor patients and analyze the self-care of patients after surgery. A total of 189 tumor patients who received TIVAP chemotherapy were selected from the day chemotherapy outpatient department of the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City from June to October 2021. The questionnaire survey was conducted to collect and analyze the general information about the patients and the patient's self-care ability. All the surveys and analyses were performed using a general information questionnaire, self-care competence scale, self-management efficacy scale, social support scale, and self-rating anxiety scale. Moreover, the nanoparticle micro-infusion valve was prepared, and its characterization, in vitro drug release, and cytotoxicity were studied. The self-management ability of patients was concentrated in the middle and high levels. Marital status, education level, and economic status all had a great impact on the patient's self-care ability. The infusion of dithiothreitol (DTT) increased the drug release of the nanoparticle micro-infusion valve. When pH=5.0, the drug-loaded nanoparticle micro-infusion valve release amount was greater than when pH=7.4. When pH=5.0 and pH=7.4, the cell survival rates under the drug-loaded nanoparticle micro-infusion valve were both lower than that without drug loading. Nanoparticle micro-infusion valves can specifically identify tumor cells, and have good adoption prospects in TIVAP implantation in tumor patients. Gender, marital status, education level, etc. all affected the self-care ability of patients.

Characteristics and health outcomes associated with activation for self-management in patients with non-specific low back pain: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundResearch has shown that the course of non-specific low back pain (LBP) is influenced by, among other factors, patients' self-management abilities. Therefore, clinical guidelines recommend stimulation of self-management. Enhancing patients' self-management potentially can improve patients’ health outcomes and reduce future healthcare costs for non-specific LBP. ObjectivesWhich characteristics and health outcomes are associated with activation for self-management in patients with non-specific LBP? DesignCross-sectional study. MethodPatients with non-specific LBP applying for primary care physiotherapy were asked to participate. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the multivariable relationship between activation for self-management (Patient Activation Measure, range 0–100) and a range of characteristics, e.g., age, gender, and health outcomes, e.g., self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing. ResultsThe median activation for self-management score of the patients with non-specific LBP (N = 208) was 63.10 (IQR = 19.30) points. The multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that higher self-efficacy scores (B = 0.54), female gender (B = 3.64), and a middle educational level compared with a high educational level (B = −5.47) were associated with better activation for self-management in patients with non-specific LBP. The goodness-of-fit of the model was 17.24% (R2 = 0.17). ConclusionsPatients with better activation for self-management had better self-efficacy, had a higher educational level, and were more often female. However, given the explained variance better understanding of the factors that influence the complex construct of self-management behaviour in patients who are not doing well might be needed to identify possible barriers to engage in self-management.

가정어린이집 원장의 전문성 증진을 위한 핵심역량 탐색

Objectives The purpose of this study is to elicit core competencies that are demanded for the promotion of professionalism in directors of home daycare centers.&#x0D; Methods To this end, the Delphi survey was conducted across three times targeting the panel of totally 19 experts comprising the professors of Early Childhood Education Department and the directors of child care centers. The primary survey consisted of the literature review and the draft in core competencies of child care center directors. The secondary survey was gathered the primary expert opinion, was arranged the draft of core competencies in home daycare center directors, and was examined the necessity and importance of this. The tertiary survey was finally confirmed the core competencies after looking through the representative nature, clarity, and inclusiveness of key competencies based on the draft that was formed in the secondary survey.&#x0D; Results First, the core competencies in home daycare center directors appeared to include job competency, interpersonal competency, leadership competency, problem- solving competency, and self-development capability. Second, the job competency as sub-capability in core competencies was indicated to include the achievement ability, leadership, the calling consciousness, the view of teaching, a strategy for job knowledge, skill and attitude, the resource management capability, and the ability to perform concurrent positions. The interpersonal competency was seen to include the attentive hearing, sympathy, intimacy, communication skill, caring others, positive personal relationship, creating an open atmosphere, and respect. And the leadership competency was shown to include leading by example, the ability to respond to a social change, the challenging spirit, the self directedness, tenacity, momentum, judgment, job performance, and providing the education opportunity. The problem- solving competency appeared to include problem- solving ability, collecting various opinions, a positive thought, forming horizontal relationship, and cooperation. Finally, the self-development capability was seen to include self- regulation ability, self-management ability, future-oriented goal, and information gathering capability.&#x0D; Conclusions This study has a significance with regard to having drawn the core competencies required by home daycare center directors. This is expected to be helpful for offering basic data in the event of a variety of the continuing education and the job training to promote professionalism in home daycare center directors, and for selecting the educational contents and seeking a support plan.

Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Analysed clinical characteristics and influencing factors for hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and providing a scientific reference for precision nursing care of hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with T2DM. A cross-sectional study. This study involved 378 hospitalized patients diagnosed with T2DM who have suffered hypoglycemia. Through questionnaires and electronic medical records to obtain the data concerning the general information, clinical symptoms, all recorded blood glucose information, and the diabetes knowledge and self-management level of the patients. The clinical characteristics and influencing factors for hypoglycemia were analysed on the basis of the classification of hypoglycemia published by the American Diabetes Association in 2020. Among 378 patients, 207 patients (54.76%) were experiencing Grade 1 hypoglycemia and 171 patients (45.24%) were experiencing Grade 2 hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia and Grade 2 hypoglycemia in patients with T2DM occurred predominantly within the first 3 days of hospitalization. Hypoglycemia occurred most frequently after breakfast (74 cases, 19.6%), of which Grade 1 hypoglycemia and Grade 2 hypoglycemia accounted for 50%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression identified risk factors for Grade 2 hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes: older age, longer duration of diabetes, low body weight, diabetic nephropathy stages 4-5, diabetic autonomic neuropathy, inadequate self-management ability and diabetes knowledge, and lower educational background. Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes occurs in the first 3 days during the hospitalization and most often after breakfast during the full day. Identifying high-risk individuals and providing a scientific reference for precision nursing care of hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with T2DM.

Effect of Artificial Intelligence-based Health Education Accurately Linking System (AI-HEALS) for Type 2 diabetes self-management: protocol for a mixed-methods study

BackgroundPatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increasing need for personalized and Precise management as medical technology advances. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on mobile devices are being developed gradually in a variety of healthcare fields. As an AI field, knowledge graph (KG) is being developed to extract and store structured knowledge from massive data sets. It has great prospects for T2DM medical information retrieval, clinical decision-making, and individual intelligent question and answering (QA), but has yet to be thoroughly researched in T2DM intervention. Therefore, we designed an artificial intelligence-based health education accurately linking system (AI-HEALS) to evaluate if the AI-HEALS-based intervention could help patients with T2DM improve their self-management abilities and blood glucose control in primary healthcare.MethodsThis is a nested mixed-method study that includes a community-based cluster-randomized control trial and personal in-depth interviews. Individuals with T2DM between the ages of 18 and 75 will be recruited from 40-45 community health centers in Beijing, China. Participants will either receive standard diabetes primary care (SDPC) (control, 3 months) or SDPC plus AI-HEALS online health education program (intervention, 3 months). The AI-HEALS runs in the WeChat service platform, which includes a KBQA, a system of physiological indicators and lifestyle recording and monitoring, medication and blood glucose monitoring reminders, and automated, personalized message sending. Data on sociodemography, medical examination, blood glucose, and self-management behavior will be collected at baseline, as well as 1,3,6,12, and 18 months later. The primary outcome is to reduce HbA1c levels. Secondary outcomes include changes in self-management behavior, social cognition, psychology, T2DM skills, and health literacy. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness of the AI-HEALS-based intervention will be evaluated.DiscussionKBQA system is an innovative and cost-effective technology for health education and promotion for T2DM patients, but it is not yet widely used in the T2DM interventions. This trial will provide evidence on the efficacy of AI and mHealth-based personalized interventions in primary care for improving T2DM outcomes and self-management behaviors.Trial registrationBiomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University: IRB00001052-22,058, 2022/06/06; Clinical Trials: ChiCTR2300068952, 02/03/2023.