Student Self-learning Research Articles

Mathetiks - a transdisciplinary education paradigm (the case of bioethics)

The novelty of the article is related to the use of the resources of the philosophy of transdisciplinarity to justify the relevance and heuristic importance of the concept of "Mathetiks", introduced by the Czech pedagogue-humanist Jan Amos Comenius (Komensky) to refer to practices of self-education.
 The aim of the article is to use resources of the philosophy of transdisciplinarity to justify the relevance and heuristic importance of the concept of "Mathetiks", introduced by the Czech pedagogue-humanist J. A. Kоmensky three centuries ago to distinguish and establish coordination in the unified educational process of pedagogical practices of teaching and self-learning of students. The modern interpretation of the ideas of mathetiks (on the example of the problems of bioethical education) is carried out with the implementation of the concepts of the philosophy of science Th. Kuhn and R. Merton in the context of post-nonclassical studies. The notion of "paradigmatic syndrome", which arises as a result of philosophical reflection on the peculiarities of the formation of the post-classical matrix of the development of modern scientific knowledge, is introduced. One of its defining factors is the conceptualization and institutionalization of processes to ensure continuity of knowledge (education) and constant innovative changes taking place in society. The most adequate form of philosophical and methodological reflection in this situation, according to the author, is the philosophy of transdisciplinarity as an integrating mechanism not only of the disciplinary knowledge, but also of education and innovation, the necessary components of the social system aimed at self-renewal. The philosophy of transdisciplinarity and the philosophy of education have in many ways similar paradigm structures, oriented target cause of the actor on self – education -mathetiks. The target specifies the reason for the project-based nature of the paradigmatic constructs in education and bioethics. First of all, this is the clarification of the problem field, training and teaching to act in it according to the existing rules and the creative nature of project activities. Orientation to the value priorities of the community expressed both in symbolic generalizations and implicit forms (M. Polanyi) of personal knowledge and practice.

Out-of-Class Instruction in Higher Education – Impact of Approaches to Teaching and Discipline

Many debates in higher education center around the role of approaches to teaching (measured with ATI-R) and impact of academic disciplines (soft vs. hard) on teaching practice, e.g. advice giving. An online study with N = 70 academic teachers was conducted and the advice given was content analyzed. Regression analyses showed that academics with a higher student focus (ATI-R) advised more deep learning strategies. Academics from the soft disciplines wrote longer answers, advised more resource management strategies, and provided more reasons for student self-learning that contained fewer external motivators. Hence, the study supports the role of approaches to teaching and academic disciplines on teaching practice.

Factors affecting students' behavioural intention in museum-based context-aware ubiquitous learning activities

This study proposes a museum-based context-aware ubiquitous language learning (ULL) system for engaging students which integrates socio-cultural contexts while learning English. The factors affecting the students' behavioural intention were investigated. The results demonstrate that the university students' complex problem-solving tendency had a significant positive influence on their effort expectancy and hedonic motivation. When the learners' awareness of the complex problem-solving tendency increased, their preference for learning with the system increased as well; when the students' autonomy and self-learning in relation to accomplishing the learning tasks rose, their usage intention also increased. In addition, performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, and self-management of learning had positive effects on the students' behavioural intention to use the museum-based context-aware language learning system. It was also found that the high-performance students spent more time working on the tasks, while the low-performance students spent more time reading the learning materials.

Integrated multimedia presentation in multidisciplinary head and neck oncology clinical teaching

Multidisciplinary team is the basic model of modern head and neck oncology treatment. We try to integrated multimedia presentation in multidisciplinary head and neck oncology clinical teaching. Through building a multidisciplinary platform for discussion, on the basis of teacher's instruction and student's self-learning, we integrate the related knowledge with multimedia presentation and computer network to guide the learning of core knowledge and key problems of head and neck cancer, thus forming a new clinical teaching mode combining theory study with practice training. In the process of implementation, we should pay attention to arranging the learning tasks in advance, and highlight the key learning content in the multidisciplinary discussion, so as to improve the students' interest and enthusiasm in learning. Key words: Multimedia presentation; Multidisciplinary team; Head and neck oncology; Clinical teaching

Developing a Religious E-program for Student Self-learning of Culture and Translation

Scanty research has been conducted on the development and assessment of religious e-programs for students’ self-learning of culture and translation, so this research investigates the effectiveness of an education-oriented e-program of poetic divination lots. Drawing on e-learning concepts as theoretical guidance, an e-program was developed by converting religious materials into a digital, multimedia program for cultural and translation learning, featuring a blend of verbal, visual and audio elements, not reduced to verbal presentations. To evaluate its effectiveness, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted. As high as 93.3% of respondents express that they are satisfied with the content design as they can learn Chinese cultural references and allusive stories. The same high appreciates the program’s conceptual impact as they realize the reformative role of religious materials. Meanwhile, as high as 90% of respondents agree to learn translation by contrasting Chinese texts and their English translations and identify their linguistic differences. However, only 76.7% of respondents support e-learning features, suggesting some room for future improvements in the multimedia technology. Overall, since the findings show a generally positive reception, we cannot overemphasize the value of innovating traditional religious materials with new technologies for student self-learning of culture and translation.

Lysenkoizm phenomenon in the genomic era

During the round table meetings «Retrospective analysis of the learning efficiency in a genetics (Current Issues and Trends)», devoted to the 80-th anniversary of Yurii Mykolaiovych Mishkurov, a knowledge specialist of didactic problems of genetics at high school, the actual questions about a new round of perigenetics mythicize which are observed in Genomic era were discussed in the form of open discussion. An attempt to reveal the phenomenon of popularity of pseudogenetic and other pseudoscientific theories, which are spread by current television was done, the role of a teacher in forming a scientific picture of the world and in particular manifestation of heredity and variability was appreciated. It is proposed to file a petition for the correction of the curriculum and returning the subject «Applied Genetics and the basics of cytology» to the list of compulsory disciplines of Master’s degree in specialities: 201 — «Agronomy», 202 — «Plants Protection and Quarantine», 203 — «Horticulture and Viticulture», 205 — «Forestry», 206 — «Landscape Gardening» and for restoration in full volume of contact hours (lectures, laboratory and practical classes), term paper, training practice and planning of hours to control self-learning of students. The content of a Bachelor’s degree program on «Genetics» regarding the restoration of training practice and controlling of selflearning of students must be updated.Keywords: Bologna process, teaching of genetics, pseudoscience, heredity and variability, public consciousness.

A Study on the Continuity of College Students' Autonomous Learning — An Empirical Analysis Based on ECM-TAM Theoretical Model

With the development of the internet, our life and learning methods are undergoing tremendous changes. More and more people prefer to obtain knowledge through the network, especially for the contemporary college students, online self-regulated learning has become an important part of their learning. Based on the Information System Continued Use Model (ECM) and Technology Reception Model (TAM), this study takes the college students as the sample, and adopts spss22.0 and Amos18.0 to analyze the influence of perceived ease, perceived usefulness, expectation confirmation, attitude and satisfaction to continuous intention of self-learning of college students.

THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-LEARNING ON NATURAL SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of self-learning on natural science learning outcomes. This research used quasi-experimental methods. The research population is all students in grade five of State Elementary School in all the sub-district of Sragen. The sampling technique which has been used was multistage sampling . Validation of questionnaires is using expert judgment . Based on the analysis of data, there are differences in the influence of students who have high self-learning and low self-learning on natural science learning outcomes. Thus, the author suggests to teachers preferably the using innovative learning models and the maximizing the utilization of media in learning in order to increase the self-learning of students in natural science learning outcomes. Article visualizations:

Innovation and exploration of college students’ moral education carrier in the transformation period

Due to the specificity of college students, the comprehensive traditional moral education mode based on the tutorial system which is assisted with the counselor system and complemented by college student's self-learning is unable to meet the education demand of college students at present. This paper proposes a new kind of work carrier—assistant tutor system through analyzing the current status of moral education carrier of the college students. The result shows that, giving full play to the assistant tutor system is conducive to helping strengthen the relation between tutors and college students, perfect the moral education mode of college students, and improve the moral education level and quality of college students.

Curricular Innovation and Emerging Knowledge in Chemical Engineering in Mexico. Study Comparative

The purposes in this research were identifying the principal elements in the chemical engineering curriculum in some universities in Mexico. In this comparative study, it is presented a series of results from an analysis in the curriculum of the chemical engineering college degree. On one hand, some curricular proposals include the incorporation of emergent issues and novelty affairs in relation to innovative technologies, studies of renewable energy sources and synthetic fuels, recycling of products and byproducts, biotechnology, polymers, nano-technologies and new materials. On the other the approach of educational proposals focusing on the student's self-learning, such as: the incorporation of virtual educational modalities, multilingual education, the approach to professional stages (learning by doing), and the internationalization and quality of educational programs. Summarizing the results, it can be noted that in analyzed curricula, the need to incorporate in addition to new knowledge, provide environments of open and flexible learning, in which the potential of new educational technologies is exploited is observed, the databases, expert systems, multimedia and telecommunications

Research on the relationship among life events, academic self-efficacy and learning burnout of left-behind middle school students

Objective To explore the relationship between life events, efficacy of self learning and learning burnout of Left-behind middle school Students. Methods 526 left-behind middle school students and 860 non - left-behind students were tested by means of scales of life events, academic self-efficacy and learning burnout. Results The degree of interpersonal relationship, learning pressure, health adaptation, life events, self-efficacy of learning ability, learning behaviors, and learning, sense of alienation between teacher and students, physiological depletion, and learning burnout of left-behind middle school students were lower than non left-behind students, and were statistically significant. The interpersonal relationship(r=0.270, P<0.001), learning pressure(r=0.289, P<0.001), being punished(r=0.242, P<0.001), health adaptation(r=0.301, P<0.001) and others(r=0.322, P<0.001) were positively related to learning burnout. Self-efficacy of learning ability(r=-0.334, P<0.01) and learning behaviors(r=-0.157, P<0.001) were significantly and negatively related. Interpersonal relationship(r=-0.092, P<0.05), learning pressure(r=-0.123, P<0.01), being punished(r=-0.178, P<0.001) and others(r=-0.254, P<0.001) were negatively related to self-efficacy of learning ability. Being punished(r=-0.109, P<0.05) and others(r=-0.209, P<0.001) were significantly and negatively related to self-efficacy of learning behaviors. Self-efficacy, health adaptation, learning pressure, self-efficacy of learning behavior and others all entered the regression equation. Path analysis showed that there were five paths that have significant influences on learning burnout. Conclusion The levels of response to emergency of life events and enhance the academic self-efficacy of left-behind students can be improved to reduce and prevent learning burnout. Key words: Life events; Academic self-efficacy; Learning burnout; Path analysis; Left-behind students

Self-Evaluation E-Learning System for Manufacturing Engineering Subjects

This work presents a project of teaching innovation on the subject Technology of Manufacturing that has been developed for the last five years. The objective is to stimulate students for training through a self-evaluation system based on e-learning tools, in agreement with the guidelines of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The system includes a methodology to perform a series of evaluations about theoretical and practical knowledge which allows the student self-learning. The data obtained with the proposed system are analyzed and the effect on student results is discussed. The evolution in time of the student grades, their involvement and satisfaction with the project, and its influence in their final score are presented.

Application of classic cases in teaching for seven-year program pediatric majors

Studying classic cases is one of the applicable methods for student's self-learning,especially at clinical rotation period.Seven-year program pediatric students (2004 grade) from pediatric medical collage,Capital Medical University of China shared classic cases from New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM),reported clinical cases they took part in and summarized their writing of case report.Through these measures,students felt the significance of studying classic cases and noticed that case study played an important role in training of clinical reasoning,multidisciplinary approach,as well as self-learning ability for medical students. Key words: Case study; Case report; Self-learning; Pediatrics; Seven-year program medical students

Realidad jurídico-laboral en el aula. Guías de trabajo autónomo con medios audiovisuales

This article wants to show an innovative project in the teaching of legal subjects in their side of formal proceedings, so the students could practise using their knowledge of the substantive law, a completed diagnosis of a case, and be able to provide adequate legal guidance to the legal practice. The objective is inter relation they theoretic knowledge that they have learned in the classroom with their effective implementation at the practical reality, pursuing convergence with the European Higher Education Area. Help to promote self-employment and student self-learning, including the strengthening and updating the necessary innovation in teaching and learning methodologies, using new information technologies and communication applied to teaching, consisting of actual recordings of subjects in relation to the course that we have begun to apply the labour process.

The Effect of ePortfolio Satisfaction on Students’ Learning Motivation and Internet Self-efficacy

This study aims to investigate the effect of e-Portfolio satisfaction on students’ learn­ing motivation and Internet self-efficacy toward the use of e-Portfolio. The data collected for this study occurred over 3 months. Participants were 450 students taking the course of common at an university. The counting of 443 questionnaires was received. The findings revealed that there were positive correlations between learning motivation, Internet self-efficacy, and e-Portfolio satisfac­tion. For gender, the result showed that there were no significant Internet self-efficacy differences between gender. Besides, there were the significant differences in learning motivations and in Internet self-efficacy between the two groups. Furthermore, the multistep regression analysis in­dicated that the learning motivation was the significant predictor of Internet self-efficacy, and In­ternet self-efficacy was the significant predictor of e-Portfolio satisfaction. Based on the findings, educators and researchers needed to pay attention to these influences and take these factors into consideration in e-Portfolio. The study concludes by assessing the overall gains and shortcomings of the reform effort toward using the e-Portfolio to help student self-learning.

What Is the Impact of Online Resource Materials on Student Self-Learning Strategies?

The purpose of this article is to examine how students are incorporating online resources into their self-regulated learning strategies. The process of developing these learning strategies and the importance of these strategies has been widely researched, but there has been little empirical research into how the students are affected by online environments. This preliminary study focused on the relationship between the use of online resources and the students’ overall outcome in the subject. The data were collected from first year on-campus ( n = 105) and distance education ( n = 258) students after completing their introductory marketing subject. The data were analyzed using correlations, simple regression, and Tobit regression to assess online activity and student outcomes. The results indicate that the use of these online resources has a significant and positive effect on the students’ grade. This finding suggests students are incorporating online environments into their learning strategies, which results in higher grades. Moreover, in practical terms, the results imply that teachers can help facilitate student self-learning strategies by creating encouraging and resource-rich online environments.

Development of a Web-based Question Database for Studentsʼ Self-Assessment

Computer-based testing (CBT) for the purpose of the national licensure examination has increased interest among medical students in this modality of testing. The advent of Web-based question-delivery systems for self-assessment and learning has made it possible for students to practice this technology and participate in self-directed learning. Test Pilot(TM) is a Web-based program that provides a fast and easy tool for the development and deployment of online testing. Our objectives for introducing the program were to (1) develop a large database of questions for students' practice and self-assessment; (2) include multimedia tools such as illustrations and short videos to enhance learning; (3) provide a feedback tool for clerkship and site directors regarding student performance; and (4) evaluate this tool in terms of students' frequency of use, students' satisfaction, and its potential effectiveness in enhancing learning. The Obstetrics and Gynecology clerkship at the University of Michigan is held at four different sites. In the past, students have been provided with access to floppy disks that contain about 500 self-assessment questions. These questions have been reformatted, updated, and transferred to Test Pilot. Visual illustrations have been added to the questions along with more varied formats, including extended matching, fill-in, and essay questions. The questions are divided into ten-question quizzes. The students get immediate feedback after answering each question and a summary of performance at the end of each quiz. Security, access, and analysis are facilitated because the questions and responses are stored centrally. In addition, Test Pilot captures information regarding individual and collective students' performances. At the end of the rotation, students fill out a form evaluating the Test Pilot program and comparing it with the quiz disks. In addition, we are collecting data regarding the actual use of Test Pilot, which will be compared with the students' surveys and final exam scores. Test Pilot has many benefits, including access control, immediate feedback, automated scoring, interactive learning, and data analysis. The enhancement of material permitted by a Web-based system increases the depth and variety of the learning experience by adding perceptual dimensions. Test Pilot also provides the clerkship director with the capability to obtain improved measurements of student performance and captures the student's self-learning and testing process. It can potentially identify weaknesses or inconsistencies across the different sites and recognize students who may need additional help early in the rotation. Over a one-year period, most students have switched from the quiz disks to Test Pilot. The students reported satisfaction with the Web-based format and found it user friendly. They especially liked the immediate feedback. The students have requested more questions and multimedia options be added. We plan to continue the development and assessment of this learning tool.

CD-ROM Delivers an Extensive Library of Plant Data

Horticulturists can access an extensive library of data, text, photographs, line drawings, and landscape designs from CD-ROM. In tests conducted in Florida, classroom students successfully accessed this library in a computer lab to study plant identification. This made it unnecessary to duplicate slides for student self-learning. It also builds confidence in students' ability to use computers. The Cooperative Extension Service and Divisions of Forestry in the southern states also have enjoyed access to this technology. Customers of their services have been pleased with the quick access to reliable information. Most are pleased with the information received over the telephone or during their visit to the office. Information generated by the computer programs on CD-ROM has been faxed, mailed. or hand-delivered to customers. Cooperative Extension employees and Master Gardeners are pleased with the quick, easy access to information. Many report that the programs have replaced the need to page through a large number of books to gain access to plant information. This saves time and gives employees a renewed sense of pride in their work.

Constructing conceptual knowledge and promoting “number sense” from computer-managed practice in rounding whole numbers

This study sought to identify how high achievers learn and understand new concepts in arithmetic from computer-based practice which provides full solutions to examples but without verbal explanations. Four high-achieving second graders were observed in their natural school settings throughout all their computer-based practice sessions which involved the concept of rounding whole numbers, a concept which was totally new to them. Immediate post-session interviews inquired into students’ strategies for solutions, errors, and their understanding of the underlying mathematical rules. The article describes the process through which the students construct their knowledge of the rounding concepts and the errors and misconceptions encountered in this process. The article identifies the cognitive abilities that promote student self-learning of the rounding concepts, their number concepts and “number sense.” Differences in the ability to generalise, “mathematical memory,” mindfulness of work and use of cognitive strategies are shown to account for the differences in patterns of, and gains in, learning and in maintaining knowledge among the students involved. Implications for the teaching of estimation concepts and of promoting students’ “number sense,” as well as for classroom use of computer-based practice are discussed.

The Tutorial Process

A prominent feature of the current interest in improvement of medical education has been recognition of the inadequacy of passive student learning, rote memorization of facts, and regurgitation of such memorized knowledge via subject-specific examinations. Relevance of the basic sciences to clinical situations, active student self-learning, and the catalytic effect on learning indigenous to the small-group problem-solving process are some of the main features of what has come to be known as problem-based learning. This method has been used in an increasing number of medical schools over the past two decades, received a sort of unofficial sanction via the General Professional Education of the Physician (GPEP) report, and now, with the American Association of Medical Colleges supporting workshops to assist schools to adopt this pedadogical methodology, would seem to be generally recognized as an important and intriguing alternative to traditional lecture-based teaching. Dr Barrows has been a prominent contributor to