Self-help Research Articles

Going Through the Motions

Are self-help movements just modern snake oil? In this work philosophical short story fiction, Graham is a self-help junkie, spending $1,000’s per year to attend seminars and buy various self-help books. His motivation peaks and he decides to move to Los Angeles to be a screenwriter. His money quickly runs out, his health declines, and he is forced to return home in shame as a failure. He blames the self-help gurus that told him to pursue his dream and believes they are charlatans selling fake dreams. He attends yet another self-help guru’s event, this time to try and convince those attending the whole thing is a farce. Instead, he meets the guru in the hotel bar who tells him he has already moved past self-help, and he needs to create his own path. He does, and creates a form of yoga called Maneuverism. His program quickly grows into a worldwide phenomenon, until at his height, he walks away from it all, telling his follows to find their own path.

Child Development Card (KKA) as a discriminant tool for the growth and development of stunted and normal children in Indonesia.

Stunting is a significant concern in Indonesia, but its detection currently relies on anthropometric measurements, lacking the integration of comprehensive evaluations of child development. Therefore, the Child Development Card (KKA) serves as a valuable instrument employed to assess the growth and developmental aspects of children. This research aimed to investigate the potential of KKA as a discriminative tool for distinguishing between stunted and normal children. The participants consisted of 159 and 88 normal and stunted children aged 13-24 and 25-60 months. The aspects of children's development examined included passive communication, social behavior, gross motor skills, active communication, fine motor skills, intelligence, and self-help skills. Discriminant analysis was conducted to identify the developmental aspects differentiating stunted children from normal children. The analysis using SPSS 25 showed that the discriminating aspects of children's development between stunted and normal children were gross motor skills, fine motor skills, passive communication, and intelligence. For the age group of 13-24 months, the discriminant function is represented as D = - 0.276 + 0.197 K - 0.511 GK + 0.361 KP. Meanwhile, for the age group of 25-60 months, the discriminant function is expressed as D = - 2.586 + 0.151 GK - 0.081 GH. Stunted and normal children could be differentiated based on four key aspects of development: gross and fine motor skills, passive communication, and intelligence. These findings aid in the early detection of stunted children and emphasize the crucial role of parental stimulation across these four aspects.

Machine Learning Based Developmental Capability Prediction: A Diagnosis to the Learning Capacity Disorder for Specially-Abled Children

Specially-abled people are recognized and acknowledged for their issues such as hyperactivity, learning disorder, proprioceptive sensory issues, problems in self-help skills and problems in various motor skills such as Gross Motor Skills (GMS), Fine Motor Skills (FMS) and Oral Motor Skills (OMS), This study sought to identify effective machine-learning-based classification models to predict developmental capability disorders and thereby addressing of the learning disorder issue at opportune time. We have used machine learning classification algorithms Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-nearest neighbors, and Logistic Regression for the developmental capability prediction of individuals. The generalized progress monitoring datasets were carried out by interpreting and visualizing gender, age and disability-specific developmental competence. We have collected dataset from an occupational therapist for the study. The results of the study show that the Random Forest algorithm has a high accuracy of 95% compared to other algorithms that we have implemented.

СВЯЗЬ ТИПА СЕМЕЙНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ С РАЗВИТИЕМ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ САМОРЕГУЛЯЦИИ ДЕВИАНТНЫХ ПОДРОСТКОВ

The article presents the results of a study of the development of self- regulation competence and the type of family relationships in adolescents with deviant and normative behavior. 113 families took part in the study, including 55 prosperous families with adolescents of normative behavior and 58 dysfunctional families with adolescents of deviant behavior under the patronage control of the Municipal Budgetary Institution City Prevention Center "Teenager", Izhevsk. It was revealed that the levels of development of self-regulation and its regulatory processes in adolescents with deviant behavior are qualitatively different from their normally developing peers. It is shown that family relationships affect the level of development of self-regulation competence in deviant adolescents and can become a prerequisite for the formation of specific regulatory features of conscious self-regulation, which will act as resources for achieving / not achieving educational, personal goals, self-activity, socialization and success in various activities. A significant multidirectional relationship was found between the type of family relationships and the development of self-regulation competence in deviant and normative adolescents. The data obtained can be used when working with deviant adolescents and their families in educational organizations and social services.

Pedagogy of Relation and Educational Communities

The paper challenges the efficacy of traditional educational reforms focused on accountability, choice, and technology, proposing that the essence of education lies in the relational dynamics between teachers and students. The author explores the concept of the relational self, arguing that education involves the development of diverse relational selves through various life stages. The author critiques dominant educational theories for neglecting the fundamental caregiver-child relationship, emphasizing the need for educational relationships that balance support and challenge. The text advocates for a new dimension of educational accountability that measures relational well-being, calling for a paradigm shift to recognize the importance of relational dynamics in educational outcomes and student experiences. The work presents a case for redefining educational success beyond conventional metrics, underscoring the transformative power of relational pedagogy.

EDUCATIONAL GRANT IMPLEMENTATION «WRITTEN RESOURCEFUL PRACTICES IN ENGLISH FOR PRESERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN TIMES OF UNCERTAINTY»

The purpose of the article is to highlight the practical experience in implementation of the educational grant «Written Resourceful Practices in English for Preservice Primary School Teachers in Times of Uncertainty» within future educators’ professional training at T.H. Shevchenko National University «Chernihiv Colehium». Methodology of the research paper is based on the theoretical methods (analysis, generalization and systematization of psychological and educational literature) and empirical methods (surveys, questionnaires, observation, educational conversation, self-observation, and reflection). The study is based on the concepts of the theory of cognition; theory of professional growth; theory of creative pedagogy; theories of pedagogical partnership and psychological resilience in preservice teachers. Scientific novelty is that for the first time, while implementing the educational grant, written resourceful practices in English have been used to train preservice primary school teachers in times of uncertainty for stress and anxiety relief; psychological discharge and crisis state overcome; resiliency development; mental health restoration; self-expression and self-discovery promotion; personal opinion expression; creative potential encouragement; preservice primary school teachers’ English written competence improvement in times of uncertainty. Conclusions. The experience of the educational grant «Written Resourceful Practices in English for Preservice Primary School Teachers in Times of Uncertainty» implementation has proved that one of the perspectives to reform the system of education is the successful international grant activity with the focus on the strategic European orientation and national priorities in the development of higher education. The project, which was aimed at raising the educational standards in Ukraine, contributed to the creation of necessary conditions for the applicants for higher education to acquire practical and psychological self-help skills while overcoming traumatic experience and developing written communication skills by means of written resourceful practices in English in the context of democracy values.

A Pilot Study on the Validity and Reliability of Korean School Readiness Inventory on Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Successful transition to school is of great importance to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to develop a school readiness inventory for Korean children with ASD, and demonstrate its content validity and reliability. The Korean School Readiness Inventory (K-SRI) was developed to assess current levels of some fundamental skills needed for attending school for children with ASD. The K-SRI was comprised of four subscales and 16 test items: Self-help skills, Social and emotional development, School behavior, and Literacy and numeracy skills. For content validity, six experts rated the validity of the test items. Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was calculated. For reliability, parents of 22 children with ASD entering school completed the KSRI twice. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for internal consistency. The test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). All the items except two items in the literacy and numeracy skills did not show a CVR of 1. The two items were deleted resulting in a 14-item inventory. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the K-SRI was 0.93, showing good internal consistency reliability. The test- retest reliability results showed ICC value of 0.93 (p<0.001), which indicates good stability. A parent-rated, 14-item school readiness inventory for Korean children with ASD were developed and preliminary evidence of its content validity and reliability were demonstrated in this study. The present study provides a basis for future studies that would further help evaluate and promote school readiness of the children with ASD.

From current to possible selves: Self-descriptions of resilient post-compulsory secondary education Spanish students at risk of social exclusion

Being in a situation of social exclusion limits the potential of individuals and hinders their possibility to have a dignified life. In order to avoid social exclusion and marginalization, adequate access to formal education is vital. However, continuing education in marginalized neighborhoods poses a great challenge both to individuals and to their sense of self. In the present work, we took an approach to educational resilience based on the analysis of learner identity of students that present a trajectory of resilience in severely impoverished neighborhoods. The sample consisted of 132 students from such at-risk neighborhoods, who, despite this risk, completed mandatory secondary education successfully and continue their education beyond that level. They were administered a modified version of the Twenty Statements Test (TST) to measure current and possible selves related to their learner identity. The organization of the self, the emotional valence, the plane of action, the thematic reference, and thematic self-continuity were analyzed, as well as possible selves’ relationship with grade level, gender, and parental formal education. Results showed that, despite risk, their possible selves had high standards and were positive, reflexive, and connected to their current selves, which regulate and guide the students’ actions towards their goals. Academic experience and high parental formal education were related to the development of more personal and reflexive possible selves, reflecting the appropriation of school-related discourses about the self and the future. Interestingly, none of the variables was related to the emotional valence of self-descriptions. Students with a trajectory of resilience developed a highly positive sense of future self regardless of academic experience, gender, or parental formal education. Implications for resilience theory, identity research, and social intervention in at-risk contexts are discussed.

Development of high strength self compacting concrete with waste glass and waste marble

This research investigates sustainable options for self-compacting concrete (SCC) using waste glass (WG) as a substitute for cement and the addition of marble waste as a filler material. The replacement levels of WG varied from 0 % to 20 %, with increments of 5.0 % while 10 % marble waste was added as filler to improve the SCC flowability. A series of experiments on SCC flow properties, mechanical performance, cracking behavior, failure patterns, and microstructure were conducted. Results indicate that WG increased the flowability of SCC. All the WG substituted mixes fall within the SCC limit and possessed better filling and passing ability. Furthermore, mechanical performance was enhanced with the substitution of WG due to micro-filling and pozzolanic action. Maximum compressive strength was achieved at 10 % substitution of WG which improved the compressive capacity of SCC by 17 % and 20 % more than from the reference SCC blend at 28 and 56 days respectively. However, higher percentages of WG (20 %) decreased the compressive capacity of SCC but still greater than reference SCC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis provide visible and chemical proof of the microstructural improvements resulting from pozzolanic reactions and micro-filling action. However, WG slightly improved tensile strength and had no impact on the failure pattern, which resulted in brittle failure without any warnings (cracks). Therefore, the study recommends additional research to improve the tensile strength and avoid brittle failure of WG based SCC by adding fibers.

Moral Improvement of Self, Social Relations, and Society.

There is always room for moral improvement. However, very few prior reviews have focused on the phenomenon of moral improvement of self, social relations, or society. We first consider prevailing notions of the self-concept by highlighting the niche of theory and research that identifies an improving self as a possible identity and basis of motivation to act better and to be better. Second, we discuss moral improvement in the context of social relations, especially the close interpersonal relations that should most facilitate moral improvement. Third, we examine the moral improvement of society, focusing on the factors that facilitate or inhibit caring about potential immorality despite the fact that issues such as inequality, discrimination, and the climate crisis seem to be morally distant and impersonal. Finally, we discuss future directions for theory, research, and application.

Experimental Studies on Self-Compacting Alkali Activated Slag Concrete Mixes Incorporating Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement as Fine Aggregate

Here performance evaluation of Self Compacting Alkali Activated Slag Concrete incorporating Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement as fine aggregate was carried out. Investigation on mechanical properties by replacing the fine aggregate by Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement in different proportions were also evaluated. Development of Self Compacting Alkali Activated Concrete mixes (SCAAC) was made with GGBFS and Lime are used binders, with binder content varying between 550 to 650 kg/m3 of fresh concrete and lime content varying from 10% to 20% of binder content. The net W/B ratio of the mixes was kept around 0.57. The fine aggregate was replaced by Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement with percentage replacement from 50 to 100% of Crushed Stone Sand. The alkaline solutions had Na2O dosage percentages in the range 5-6% with a constant activator modulus maintained at 1. By using Minitab Statistical Software nine mixes were produced with 4 factors and 3 levels. In this study the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) optimization technique was carried out to know the effectiveness. Results showed the slump flow greater than 650 mm, with their L–Box, U-box and V-Funnel values ranging between 0.85,20mm and10s respectively, results showed enhanced mechanical properties as compared to control OPCC mix.

Politicization of Youth and Criminality in West Bengal: Selected Case Studies of Aspiring Undergraduate Students

Although politics seems to be the sole determinant of State existence, the current practice of politics in West Bengal is projecting a different reality from the societal perspective. However, involving youths in politics is essential or fruitful to produce aware citizens of the state and a better future for political management. The sociological concern of the study is analyzing the approach of a particular process, where youths are imbecile and shaped in favor of any particular political ideology. From the same phase of the development of self, the non-contaminate brain and intellectuality of such youths are manipulated through exerting ideological instrumentation by different political parties through the process of politicization. The notion of achieving power at any cost, irrespective of the conception of crime and violence, they imbibe through several processes that result in several forms of criminality by youth. At the same time, it is not any individual phenomenon, but a collective contextualization is significant. All inclusively, it encompasses collective performance. It expands falsified political consciousness among the youth. Such a condition demagnetizes them from other aspects of life and blurs the sight of the difference between politics and criminality. To conduct the study qualitative method has been used for collecting data. The snowball sampling method has been applied to select the respondents. Through the interview method and personal observation and experiences, detailed case studies have been used to analyze the data.

Task-specific motivation and development of the Spanish L2 self during domestic immersion

Abstract The present study considers global (Dörnyei’s 2005 L2 selves) and micro (task-specific) measures of motivation in a unique task-based context: a two-week, domestic Spanish immersion program for high schoolers in the United States (Gurzynski-Weiss, in revision). Data was collected from eight students via task-specific questionnaires (given after 30 tasks), L2 self questionnaires (given at the beginning and end of a two-week program), and 12 daily reflective journals. Results indicated overall high L2 self-constructs with little change over two weeks of instruction, and all task domains were rated moderately to very high for task motivation. It was found that higher L2 self ratings regularly patterned with higher task-specific motivation, although participant individual differences and characteristics unique to a domestic immersion program also influenced task-specific motivation.

The combination of intelligent depression prevention education system in universities and olanzapine tablets on students’ learning phobia

Background Learning phobia has long been a key obstacle in the field of higher education, hindering students’ successful development. This study proposes an innovative educational ecosystem that combines intelligent technology with olanzapine treatment, aiming to significantly reduce students’ learning anxiety and create conditions for better academic achievement.Subjects and Methods The study recruited students from several universities who had been diagnosed with learning phobia. To assess their symptoms and performance, several standardized tools were used, including the Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire (SASRQ) and the 3-Minute Disorder Assessment Scale (3D-CAM). In order to process and analyze the collected data, SPSS23.0 software was used. The software can help researchers organize, calculate, and analyze data in order to come up with relevant results about learning phobia. Through these assessment tools and statistical analysis, researchers can better understand the characteristics and influencing factors of learning phobia and provide a basis for further research and treatment.ResultsStudents who used olanzapine tablets in combination with an intelligent depression prevention system showed significant improvement in self rated learning anxiety (SASRQ) and clinical observation measurement (3D-CAM) scores, which was significantly reduced compared to students who only received traditional teaching methods.ConclusionsIntegrating olanzapine treatment into the comprehensive education reform of the intelligent depression prevention system provides promising potential for positively influencing students’ learning phobia. This method marks a crucial step towards advancing educational strategies and promoting good mental health among students.

МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ НАВЧАННЯ УЧНІВ САМООБСЛУГОВУВАННЮ ТА САМОЗАРАДНОСТІ В ПОБУТІ

The article is devoted to the actual problem of practical training of pupils for activities in everyday life. It is noted that a component of the modern education of pupils should be their preparation for independent life. In this aspect, it is important to develop pupils' self-care skills in everyday life. It is noted that the most effective implementation of the mentioned is possible in the lessons of labor training and technologies when pupils study various technologies of household activities. The article defines the main steps for the formation of self-care skills in pupils in labor training classes, which involve consolidating knowledge about the basics of personal hygiene, teaching table setting and proper nutrition, teaching simple household skills, studying the basics of life safety and activities in everyday life. The specifics of the formation of pupils' self-reliance skills in everyday life, which is based on the formation of skills to choose clothes, take care of them, carry out their repair and renewal, cooking skills, skills in the manufacture of sewing products for household and clothing purposes, skills in home hygiene and household organization, are considered. Based on the analysis of pedagogical literature, a conclusion was made regarding a number of methods that will contribute to the effective development of pupils' skills and abilities in the field of household activities. This includes the project method, the dialogue method, the problem-solving method, the method of games and simulations, and the method of research work. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of the organization of pupils' education under the conditions when education takes place in a mixed format.It is noted the need to involve pupils in the framework of technological education in cooking, teaching them simple methods of cleaning residential premises, drawing their attention to the rules of personal hygiene, encouraging children to perform household duties. It is noted that when studying online, pupils get enough freedom to independently complete such tasks. The expediency of using information and communication technologies in the educational process is indicated, because there are many useful tips and video lessons on various spheres of household activities posted on the Internet. Self-care skills will help children not only become independent and self-confident, but also provide them with the ability to more effectively adapt to new situations and challenges in life. Keywords: abor training, technologies, self-service skills, self-help skills in everyday life, technologies of household activities.

The Mediating Roles of Emotional Expression and Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Problem Solving and Psychological Well-Being of Nursing Students

Abstract&#x0D; Objectives: The main purpose of nursing education is to make students self-confident, healthy professionals who can solve their problems.This study aimed to the examination of the mediating roles of emotional expression and self-esteem in the relationship between social problem solving and psychological well-being of nursing students. &#x0D; Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in an analytical cross-sectional design. The sample consists of 476 nursing students. Data were collected using the Social Problem Solving Scale (SPSI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the Expression of Emotions Scale (EEQ), and the Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWBS). The data were evaluated by process analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. &#x0D; Results: The analyzes revealed that a strong positive relationship exists between psychological well-being and social problem-solving skills. We found that social problem-solving skills have a positive impact on psychological well-being and emotional expression has a mediating role on this relationship. However, we determined that self-esteem does not have a mediating role in this relationship.&#x0D; Conclusion: Findings revealed the importance of self-reinforcing and different personal development-oriented trainings to improve students' psychological well-being. We recommended to gain communication and problem-solving skills that will strengthen the psychological well-being of the student in the development of professional self.

PERCEPTION OF PARENTS IN USING VIDEO MODELLING TO IMPROVE SELF-HELP SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Over the past 20 years, there has been a noticeable increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) because of the change in diagnostic criteria, policy and increased awareness. One of the issues that children with ASD have in their life is self-help skills. This triggers the need to adopt a proper technique to intervene and teach new skills to children with ASD. Video modelling (VM) is one of the intervention methods that can be done with children with ASD as one of parent-mediated interventions (PMI). The objective of this study was to investigate the self-help skills problems among children with ASD and parents’ perception of using VM to improve self-help skills in children with ASD. Associations of the child’s and parent’s demographic characteristics with self-help skills problems and perception of parents in using VM were also examined. A cross-sectional study using purposive sampling that included 262 parents of children with ASD was employed. Questionnaires that include demographic characteristics, Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale Third Edition (VABS-3) and Video Modelling Perceptions Scale (VMPS) were completed by the participants. There were significant differences between the age of children with ASD (p &lt; 0.001) with self-help skills problems. Educational level (p &lt; 0.001), occupation sector (p &lt; 0.001) and household income status (p &lt; 0.001) were associated with parents’ perceived interest and accessibility in using VM. In conclusion, parents showed positive responses about their perceived interest and accessibility in using VM to improve self-help skills in children with ASD.

Hot-Melt Extrusion (HME) Is Advanced Approach for Development of Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System

Hot-Melt Extrusion (HME) Is Advanced Approach for Development of Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System

Why are Moral Qualities so Important in Understanding Ourselves?

This article presents a paper by Alsou Samoilova and Ekaterina Verezhan at the online student conference Transactional Analysis in the 21 st Century, which was organized by the MIR-TA (World of TA) Institute and took place on July 1 st and 2nd, 2023. The topic of the paper is Maria Teresa Tosi's (Italy, PhD, TSTA-P) article Personal Identity and Moral Discourse in Psychotherapy (Tosi, 2018).This paper analyzes an original text by Maria Teresa Tosi on the definition of personal identity in relation to person's moral values. It is suggested that personal identity can be viewed as having two basic dimensions, which are autobiography and moral values. As the research cited in the paper shows, it is moral values that are recognized as the most important part of a personal identity. Moral values are linked to the general development, which means that a new perspective for psychotherapeutic work is needed. Despite the common belief that the moral discourse is not a part of the field of the therapeutic work, it may be the time to reconsider this tendency. Maria Teresa Tosi emphasizes the need to incorporate the moral discourse into the psychotherapeutic practice. Bringing the discussion of moral values into therapeutic conversations can help to build an alliance and promote personal growth and social responsibility in patients, which in the long term has healing implications for the participants in the therapeutic process. In these aspects, spirituality can be seen as a framework for the development of a Parent Self in order to bring positive values and moral principles into personal identity.

Where “Here” and “There” Intersect: The Role of Transnational Spaces in Civic Identity Development Among Educational Sojourners in the United States

Background/Context: Few studies have examined civic identity development among international individuals on educational sojourns in the United States. This study broadens our understanding of processes that facilitate meaning making of sojourn experiences among socioeconomically diverse international students from Thailand. Specifically, I focus on examining transnational spaces as platforms for social interactions, exchange of ideas, and development of individual and collective practices, and their overall impact on the civic self. Research Design: Data for this study were collected through semi-structured individual interviews with 21 Royal Thai Scholars who pursued multiyear study in the United States and then returned to their home country to contribute their knowledge and skills. Participants were at different points of their educational sojourns at the time of the data collection; 16 were enrolled in boarding schools, colleges, or universities, and five completed their studies and returned to Thailand. Conclusions: Findings suggest that transnational spaces play three roles that contribute to the development of civic self: they afford opportunities for connection with other transnational individuals to process sojourn experiences and help develop strategies to navigate them; they serve as political socialization spaces in which youth become aware of and connected to their communities; and they serve as platforms where youth develop criticality, voice their opinions, and build empathy. The study highlights the importance of creating intentional opportunities for international students that help them develop cognitive, emotional, moral, and active engagement skills, process their experiences, and facilitate the formation of their transnational civic identities.