Self-expression Values Research Articles

Параметры пандемии 2020-2021 по социокультурным группам стран – прикладной анализ

Sociocultural factors have become a one of the priority areas in research within the framework of theories of long-term development. This article discusses the parameters of groups of countries (values of survival-self-expression and traditional-secular-rational values) according to the Inglehart- Welzel cultural map, along with other sociocultural and socioeconomic indicators. The significant cumulative advantage (gross domestic product (GDP) per capita) of three groups of countries - Anglo-Saxon, Protestant and Catholic - —compared to the rest reflects a long history of world progress. A number of the social parameters of these groups probably reflect their level of development, to which other factors have played a role in the long term. A key question addressed in the article. is whether sociocultural factors that have developed over long periods have a significant impact on the behaviour of countries in the context of modern crises, and in this case, on the incidence of vaccination in countries in critical conditions. To answer this question, qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis have been conducted using the instance of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-21. The hypothesis was tested on an array of 80-94 countries for which there was relevant statistical data. The tables and calculations presented in the article indicate the following results: countries more advanced in the direction of self-expression values on the Inglehart scale demonstrate higher vaccination scores and lower disease scores, and those oriented toward secular-rational values have higher rates of suicide than countries with predominantly traditional views.

CHANGE IN NATIONAL SECURITY MARKERS IN OFFICIAL POLITICAL DISCOURSE: UKRAINIAN CONTEXT

Discourse analysis allows us to identify markers of change in values, which is a sign of democratic development. However, this does not mean a radical change in values, but rather their correlation with the economic, social, cultural dimensions of society. When it comes to national security as the value of the country, then here we can see the dichotomy of the collective “we” with the individualistic “I”. In democratic societies, the priority of national security is higher than the values of self-expression, while the authorities guarantee human rights and freedoms. 
 The study provides a theoretical analysis of the nature of official political discourse. The influence of discourse on the political system through the category of «security» is considered. At the first stage, the theoretical and methodological analysis is conducted in terms of social practice of G. Deleuze and M. Foucault. At the second stage, a comparative analysis of the concept of national security of Ukraine was conducted. At the third stage, markers of the value components of Ukraine’s national security were identified, which both presidents have used. This allowed us to understand the discourse practice of official political discourse as a strategy to influence the political system.

Mediating role of perceived authenticity in the relationship between luxury service experience and life satisfaction

ABSTRACT In the service industry, customers achieve life goals through experiences. In this study, we examine the effects of customers’ luxury service experiences on their life satisfaction. Using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), multi-dimensional perceived values (i.e. hedonic, utilitarian, self-expressive) are examined as drivers of luxury hotel customers’ life satisfaction via enhanced perceived authenticity. This study found that perceived hedonic and self-expressive values influence the perceived authenticity of a luxury hotel brand among customers, which in turn drives life satisfaction. However, the direct effect of perceived utilitarian value on life satisfaction is only significant through brand authenticity. These results show that luxury service providers need to design services to maximize perceived authenticity to promote both brand performance and customer life satisfaction. As few studies have investigated the relationship between service experience and customers’ lives, in this paper we show how luxury service experiences can enhance customers’ quality of life.

Fashion or Function

Mass customization has been used in various clothing products including T-shirts, dress shirts, jeans, sports shoes, accessories, etc. However, even though the concept of mass customization has been accepted among scholars and business practitioners, and the application of mass customization has been practiced in the fashion industry for more than two decades, the acceptance among ultimate consumers and the market of MC in the apparel industry has not taken off yet. To this end, this study intends to fill the identified gap through a content mining exploratory qualitative study using customer value theory to evaluate individual consumers' actual customization experiences. Results identified that functional value, self-expressive value, and aesthetic value were derived from menswear customization experiences. Among them, functional value (e.g., quality, fit) is the dominant dimension of value derived from menswear customization experiences, and it determined consumers' overall attitudes toward mass customization of menswear.

Belarusian society: From the values of survival to the values of development and self-expression

The article considers new trends in the value system of the Belarusian society. Based on the data of the international sociological surveys conducted as waves of the European Values Study and World Values Study, the authors identify changes in the value orientations of the Belarusian society over the past thirty years. The authors use the methodological approach to identifying the system of value orientations that was developed by R. Inglehart and K. Welzel. The study of fundamental trends in the changing value world of the contemporary society is of practical importance for understanding internal factors of the current socialpolitical processes and for assessing prospects for the further sustainable development of socialpolitical institutions. The article aims at identifying the main directions in the transformation of the value orientations of the Belarusian society since the acquisition of state sovereignty. The authors conclude that the Belarusian society moves from the values of survival to the values of development and self-expression. In the project, the authors conducted an analysis of the demographic structure of the Belarusian society in terms of value priorities and found out that the demographic base of secular-individualistic and self-expression values consists of highly educated residents of large cities of younger (under 30) and middle (up to 49) age. Given the growth of the share of population with higher education and the second wave of urbanization (the outflow from small towns to large cities), we should expect an expansion of this demographic base and, accordingly, the further spread of these value orientations. In this situation, the education system acts as a source of the ongoing changes and develops the value matrix of the coming social reality.

Obedient liberals? Mass attitudes in a monarchy enclave

Mass attitudes in a monarchy context are understudied relative to those in advanced and new democracies. By employing the case of a monarchy enclave in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, this article tries to uncover mass attitudes towards democracy in such a setting. It is based on public opinion surveys conducted by PolGov Universitas Gadjah Mada with 2181 respondents. The study finds a strong existence of obedient liberals, i.e. people who believe in liberal views and embrace values of self-expression but are proud of having a non-democratic political system. While this distinguished attitude revisits Almond and Verba’s allegiant citizens, this article aligns with the revisionists of the civic culture model by arguing that a political regime, i.e. the monarchy enclave, helps pave the way for the presence and persistence of obedient-liberal mass attitudes. This distinct mass attitude in turn explains how the monarchy enclave has survived for decades.

Differences in subjective well-being between individuals with distinct Joint Personality (temperament-character) networks in a Bulgarian sample.

BackgroundPersonality is the major predictor of people’s subjective well-being (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction). Recent research in countries with high-income and strong self-transcendent values shows that well-being depends on multidimensional configurations of temperament and character traits (i.e., Joint Personality Networks) that regulate the way people learn to adapt their habits to be in accord with their goals and values, rather than individual traits. To evaluate the prevalence and the associations of different Joint Personality (temperament-character) Networks with well-being in a low-income country with weak self-transcendent values, we tested their association in Bulgarian adults, a population known to have strong secular-rationalist values but weak self-transcendent values.MethodThe sample consisted of 443 individuals from Bulgaria (68.70% females) with a mean age of 34 years (SD = 15.05). Participants self-reported personality (Temperament and Character Inventory), affect (Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule), and life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale). The personality scores were used for profiling through latent profile analysis and latent class analysis based on temperament configurations (i.e., Temperament Profiles) of high/low scores of Novelty Seeking (N/n), Harm Avoidance (H/h), Reward Dependence (R/r), and Persistence (P/s); and character configurations (i.e., Character Profiles) of high/low scores of Self-Directedness (S/s), Cooperativeness (C/c), and Self-Transcendence (T/t).ResultsWe found two Temperament Profiles and two Character Profiles that clustered into two distinctive Joint Personality Networks. All individuals in Joint Personality Network 1 had a Reliable (nhRP) Temperament Profile in combination with an Organized (SCt) Character Profile (i.e., a stable temperament and a healthy character configuration). About 71.9% in Joint Personality Network 2 had an Apathetic (sct) Character Profile in combination with Methodical (nHrp) or Reliable (nhRP) Temperament Profiles, while 28.1% had a Methodical (nHrp) Temperament Profile in combination with an Organized (SCt) Character Profile. Few people with high self-expressive values (i.e., high in all three character traits; SCT) were found. Individuals with a Joint Personality Network 1 with strong secular-rationalist values reported higher levels of positive affect and life satisfaction (p < .001), while individuals with a Joint Personality Network 2 reported higher levels of negative affect (p < .001).ConclusionsAlthough a stable temperament and a healthy character were separately important for well-being, it was clear that it was the interaction between such temperament and character configuration that yielded greater levels of subjective well-being. Nevertheless, future research needs to investigate this interaction further to evaluate other cultures with variable configurations of personality traits and values.

Are you ready for retirement? The influence of values on membership in voluntary organizations in midlife and old age.

Membership in voluntary organizations is associated with individual and social benefits. Due to the negative consequences of the global pandemic on older people, and the governmental challenges posed by population aging, voluntary membership is of great importance to society. To effectively promote volunteering among older people, it is necessary to understand the determinants of voluntary membership. This study analyses the influence of individual values—secular/traditional and survival/self-expression–on voluntary membership among European adults (N = 31,985). Specifically, it examines which values orient two age groups (middle age: 50–64 and old age: 65–79), as well as men and women toward a certain type of association (Social Awareness; Professional and Political; Education and Leisure; Religion). The sample of 31,985 comprises 60% of adults aged 50–64 and 40% aged 65–79; of which 56% are women and 44% men. The empirical estimation considers different levels of data aggregation: individual, national and welfare system, therefore multilevel analysis is used as an analytical strategy. Individual-level variables from the Integrated Values Survey (2005/09, 2010/14, and 2017/20) and national-level variables (Gini Index and Gross Domestic Product Per Capita) from the World Bank and Eurostat are used. The results indicate that traditional and self-expression values promote membership in voluntary organizations in general more than secular and survival values. However, there are differences according to the type of organization. Furthermore, values are found to moderate the effect of age and gender on voluntary membership.

Exploring sources of heterogeneity in immigrant crime: Evidence from Norway

Evidence from prior research indicates that, in many European countries, immigrants tend to be overrepresented in official crime statistics. Most of these studies treat immigrants as a single category, ignoring considerable differences in the characteristics of this population aggregate. To better understand the nature of immigrant crime, our research explores variation in registered criminal offending across two characteristics that have been relatively neglected in previous work: the immigrants’ cultural backgrounds and their reasons to migrate. The analysis uses population-wide microdata from Norwegian administrative sources and considers both violent and total offending rates for men and women separately. Results show that, net of controls for age, employment, and other sociodemographic factors, immigrant men from environments that differ culturally the most from Norway in terms of Survival versus Self-Expression values have increased rates of registered criminal involvement. Rates are also higher for refugees and family members of refugees, but the relative ranking of groups that have migrated for various reasons differs between men and women and between total and violent offending. Our results are consistent with processes to be expected based on social control, anomie/strain, and labelling perspectives, suggesting fruitful avenues of inquiry for future research on the relationships between immigrant background and registered offending.

The Challenges of Environmental Safety in Russian Public Opinion

The results of sociological surveys conducted within the framework of the International Social Research Program are analyzed. The aim of the work is to identify the peculiarities of Russians' perception of environmental security challenges, in comparison with the perceptions of residents of other states. Environmental safety is considered as an integral part of national security. The important role of sociological surveys as a tool for providing feedback to the population is noted. The views of Russians about the importance of the problem of the state of the environment are considered. The method of collecting primary sociological information is a formalized face–to-face interview conducted at the respondents' place of residence. A multi-stage random sample represents the adult population of the country. It is stated that environmental issues are not among the most acute and urgent problems for the population. In Russia, problems related to economic and physical security come to the fore. At the same time, the reflection of the urgency of the problem in the public consciousness is dissonant with the data of objective environmental control. The existence of a strong connection between the level of economic development of the country and the importance of the environmental problem for the population is revealed. It is concluded that the differences in assessments are largely related to the transformations of value attitudes, the transition from survival values to self-expression values, egocentric and humanistic perception of threats. It is noted that in the mass consciousness of Russians, challenges and threats that directly affect the population, related to the current state of the environment, are being actualized. Among the most serious challenges to environmental safety, residents of the country most often mention air pollution, household waste disposal and water pollution. At the same time, the potential environmental threat fades into the background. Climate change is much less often considered by Russians as the main challenge to environmental security. It is stated that the differences in the perception of challenges are largely due to the relatively low level of ecological culture of the country's population.

National Values of Ukraine: Essence, Diversity, Consolidation Potential

The study is devoted to understanding the essence, set, typology and dynamics of national values of Ukraine in their heuristic meaning for the development of a modern democratic state. Particular attention is paid to the consolidating, unifying, and solidarity functions of national values, while recourse to the historical experience allows us to seek heuristic models of their productive use in modern Ukraine. The Constitution of Ukraine solemnly proclaims that a person, their life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security are recognized in Ukraine as the highest social value. Thus, man is the highest national value, for which the whole system of regulatory relations is built both within the state and in its relations with external partners. Man as a national value appears mainly in three hierarchical dimensions: individuals, communities, and the nation as the aggregate content of all citizens of the state. Accordingly, there is a semantic and voluminous load of national values at all three levels, from personal-existential, interpersonal, and inter-group to synergetic requirements of security, development and prosperity. The essential structure of the value being depends on the content of its basic components: axiologemes, predictors, attitudes, domains and the world in general. Ukrainian society has been the object of such influence for many centuries, which resulted in its value domain to have been significantly violated, requiring purposeful efforts of the independent state to revive and harmonize it. Current value trends have been monitored since 1981 in the framework of the European Values Survey and the World Values Survey. Global positive changes in the social development of the world community were identified, in particular the correlation between the values of self-expression and the activity of democratic institutions of civil society. The proposed research model is based on the comparison of indicators of different countries on such principles: traditional values – secular-rational values; values of survival – values of self-expression. From the second half of the 1990s, Ukraine has been included in both projects, which allows identifying positive and negative trends in social transformations to compare them with global trends.

How Symbols and Social Interaction Influence the Experienced Utility of Sustainable Lifestyle Guiding Policies: Evidence from Eastern China.

As the key to mitigating climate change, a sustainable lifestyle has become a focus of environment policy. Past studies have largely neglected the symbols of sustainable lifestyle guiding policies and failed to capture its effect on the experienced utility of sustainable lifestyle guiding policies (EUSLGP). To address this drawback, symbolic value was incorporated into a model consisting of social interaction and the EUSLGP. With data collected from 3257 respondents in Eastern China, ordinary least squares were applied to examine hypotheses and two-stage least squares based on the instrumental variable to verify the results. Results show that symbolic value combines self-expression value, relationship consolidation value, group identification value, and status-showing value, and is positively associated with EUSLGP. Social interaction plays a moderating role in the association between symbolic value and EUSLGP. Moreover, significant regional differences are discovered in the identified relationships. Consequently, policy suggestions, covering symbolic value, social interaction, and regional conditions, are proposed to enhance the EUSLGP for other countries and regions.

Протестные настроения и уровень жизни населения России: краткий эмпирический анализ

The article provides an empirical analysis of the protest activity of the population of Russia, starting from the collapse of the USSR, the formation of independent states in the post-Soviet space and up to the present time (December 2021). With the exception of recent protests, all other actions had political subjectivity in the form of both right-wing and left-wing collective actors. At the same time all significant protests in modern Russia were well articulated, but, as a rule, were not supported by representatives in the federal or regional executive power. The author notes that the media coverage of the right-wing protests was minimal and exposed the protesters in a negative perspective (in state media). Media coverage of the left-wing protests was also minimal and predominantly neutral. The author attempts to analyze the protests in modern Russia empirically in relation to the standard of living and presents the fact that political protest in Russia can be both directly and inversely related to the standard of living of the population. At the same time, the direct link (the higher the standard of living, the higher the protest activity) usually reflects a protest based on the values of self-expression, and the feedback (the lower the standard of living, the higher the protest activity) reflects the protest based on the values of survival. Using the terminology of R.&nbsp;Inglehart and co-authors, which they used for the World Values Survey, we can conclude that the right-wing protests are based on the values of self-expression and the priority of the secular social order, while the left-wing protests are based on the values of survival and the priority of the traditional social order. The latter include the protests of the fall and winter of 2021. The article proposes systemic solutions that will allow effective work with the protest moods of the Russian population if the standard of living of Russian citizens will show a steady increase.

Is halal universal? The impact of self-expressive value on halal brand personality, brand tribalism, and loyalty: case of Islamic hospitals

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the antecedents and consequences of halal brand personality in the hospital industry by comparing Muslim and non-Muslim Islamic hospital visitors.Design/methodology/approachOnline questionnaires were distributed to 113 Muslim and 100 non-Muslim Islamic hospital visitors using a purposive proportional sampling technique. The structural equation modelling (SEM) method was used, which is appropriate for complex model testing. SEM was used for both the second-order model and multigroup analysis to compare Muslim and non-Muslim visitors.FindingsSelf-expressive value was significantly affected by halal brand personality. Self-expressive value was a direct antecedent of brand tribalism, which affects brand loyalty. Brand tribalism positively affected brand loyalty. No differences between Muslim and non-Muslim visitors were found, indicating that halal is a universal concept, particularly in the hospital brand personality context.Practical implicationsIslamic hospital marketing managers should empower visitors to build strong brand advocacy. These strategies may lead to new hospital visitors and can be achieved by creating user-generated content distributed via social media. User-generated content is a powerful form of brand advocacy, as non-customers do not view it as marketing.Originality/valueThis study provides insightful empirical contributions to brand literature by showing that halal is a universal and inclusive concept, relatively accepted by consumers regardless of their religious background. This study also offers managerial insights for hospital policymakers in developing strategic programs to strengthen Islamic hospitals' halal brand personalities.

Early adopters of new transportation technologies: Attitudes of Russia’s population towards car sharing, the electric car and autonomous driving

• Socio-economic parameters explain the choice of means of transport. • Moreover, we identified psychological setting of potential users of transport technologies. • This approach сan be useful for the transportation policy and for related processes. This paper studies the willingness among Russia’s population to try out three new transport technologies: electric cars, car-sharing, and autonomous driving. The assumption is that these three offerings will in the near future appear as autonomously driving vehicles booked on a subscription basis. Next to socio-economic parameters such as age, gender, place of living or holding a driver’s licence, we introduce three measures: values of self-expression, attitudes towards science and technology and attitudes towards novelties in general to explain the likelihood to try out these transport innovations. Thereby, this paper increases the understanding of the preconditions that lead to wide-spread acceptance of transport innovations. An analysis of the psychological set-up of the respondents allowed for the identification of a group of enthusiasts that are excited to try out these new transportation offerings. We argue that application of such an approach deepens the understanding of social mechanisms behind technology adoption and can be useful for the identification of social groups that support related processes.

Russian Parental Values in the international Context, 1990/1991–2017/2020

The aim of the paper is to analyze parental values in Russia and 33 other countries, and explore how they’ve changed between 1990 and 2017–2020. Russian dynamics are shown on 7 waves, international — on 2 waves. We used a combination of data from the World Values Survey and the European Values Study. We found that in 1990 the Russian value agenda in regards to children was essentially directed towards survival. By 2017–2020 certain changes had occurred: Russians no longer considered survival values to be as important (such as hard work, thrift, obedience); self-expression values (e.g., independence and imagination) became more popular; humanistic values lost much of their importance for Russians. In 33 countries humanistic values remained as popular as in 1990, while survival values seem to be less important. Russian parental values change in the same direction as do Russian personal values.

Genderrolhoudingen en modernisering: terug naar de essentie?

Gender role attitudes and modernisation: back to the essence? The influence of modernisation, self-expressive values, and educational level on gender role attitudes in Europe Despite several societal developments, such as educational expansion, the second wave of feminism, and modernisation, the trend towards more egalitarian gender role attitudes has stagnated. This study complements previous studies that explain this phenomenon by a growing focus on self-expressiveness and gender essentialism, which contradicts the initial expectations of modernisation theory. The aim of this contribution is to explore the role of modernisation at the country level in Europe, in the relation between educational level, self-expressive values, and gender role attitudes at the individual level. A multilevel model shows that more self-expressiveness and a higher educational level lead to more egalitarian attitudes. At the contextual level, self-expressiveness strengthens this relation. The results are in line with expectations from modernisation theory, rather than expectations from the egalitarian-essentialism hypothesis. The study closes with a discussion on the measurement of gender role attitudes, suggesting a multidimensional alternative. In addition, it is suggested that gender essentialism might influence behaviour, rather than attitudes. This provides implications for further research in uncovering the structural and cultural processes behind persisting gender inequality.

Russian Parental Values in the Cross-Country Context from 1990–1991 to 2017–2020

ABSTRACT The article analyzes parental values in Russia and 33 other countries, and considers how these values have changed from 1990–1991 to 2017–2020. Russian dynamics are analyzed via seven waves, while the international dynamics are assigned two waves. We used a combination of data from the World Values Survey and the European Values Study and discovered that in 1990 the Russian value agenda regarding children was highly survival oriented. By 2017–2020 certain changes had occurred: Russians no longer accented survival values (e.g., hard work, thrift, and obedience), with the exception of religiosity, which has markedly increased; self-expression values (e.g., independence and imagination) became more popular, while humanistic values lost much of their importance for Russians. In 33 countries, humanistic values remained as popular as in 1990, while survival values became less important. The change in Russian parental values runs parallel to the change in Russian personal values.

INNOVATIVE CULTURE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS AND PUPILS AS A PEDAGOGICAL IDEA REALIZATION OF THE AUTHOR SCHOOL ON LINGUISTICS AND SPIRITUALITY

The article presents theoretical and methodological, organizational and pedagogical prin-ciples of innovative culture of teachers and pupils as a realization of the pedagogical idea of the author's school of linguistics and spirituality of Zarifa Aliieva Irpin specialized secondary school I-III Grades №12 with foreign languages (school of linguistics) of Kyiv region; The author's school model is seen as a prototype of qualitative changes in education, which depends on a team of professionals who expand the space of educa-tional opportunities for pupils development. The leading idea of the Author's School of Linguistics and Spirit-uality is the formation of a competitive, socially mobile, innovative, tolerant and spiritual personality. Gradu-ally realizing this goal, the teaching staff made every effort to create a positive image of the educational in-stitution, which determines: the presence of a relevant concept of the school of linguistics; implementation of long-term educational strategy; development of innovative culture of teachers and pupils; favorable moral and psychological climate in the team; availability of proper modern material and technical base; caring highly professional teaching staff; functioning of the school pupils organization «Country Roxolania». The introduction of the pedagogical idea of the author's school of linguistics and spirituality in the context of the development of innovative culture of teachers and pupils is based on current regulations. Personal and pro-fessional characteristics of a teacher with a high level of innovation culture (stable interest in technological innovation, motivation for creative activity, self-improvement and self-realization in professional activities, overcoming difficulties in innovation; values of professional self-expression in innovation, psychological atti-tude to innovation; innovative technologies, understanding the goals of innovation in education, knowledge of modern innovations in the practice of working with pupils)

Law in the Socio-Cultural Dimension

The article uses an interdisciplinary approach to determine the place of law in the system of culture, based on cultural studies and the conclusions of legal science. The legal values of freedom, justice and formal equality occupy a dominant position in the system of the individualistic type of culture. The article shows the dynamics of legal values in the context of the dynamics of culture, which is developing in the direction of increasing recognition of the postmaterialist values of self-expression and rationality-the values of freedom, justice, equality, tolerance, mutual assistance and cooperation. Based on sociological data, the author draws a conclusion about the role of law in the system of socioculture as a value and institutional factor of progress and the result of social development. Interdisciplinary studies of cultures confirm the basic social and legal pattern-the movement towards greater freedom and equality of an increasing number of people.