Self-explanatory Questionnaire Research Articles

The relationship between burnout syndrome and emotional intelligence in anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

Background Burnout, a type of long-lasting work-related stress, is highly prevalent among health professionals. It includes dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional achievement. Emotional intelligence is the ability to accurately perceive, evaluate, and express emotions, to perceive and/or produce feelings that facilitate thought, to understand emotion and acquire emotional knowledge, and to control emotions in order to promote emotional and intellectual growth. Among the extensive literature on burnout, no studies have measured its prevalence among anesthesiologists in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on the association between emotional intelligence and burnout are also scarce in this population. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of burnout in anesthesiologists at a hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess its association with emotional intelligence. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a large private hospital in southern Brazil. A non-probabilistic convenience sample of anesthesiologists was selected from a hospital's clinical staff. Via Google Forms, participants responded to an anonymous self-applied self-explanatory questionnaire with sections on sociodemographic data, burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and emotional intelligence (Wong and Law's Emotional Intelligence Scale). Descriptive analysis of the variables was performed and the association between burnout and emotional intelligence was evaluated using the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient, depending on data distribution. Results A burnout prevalence of 8.1% was found, as well as a strong negative correlation between total burnout scores and emotional intelligence. Conclusions According to the regression analysis, emotional intelligence can be considered an independent factor associated with this outcome.

A comparative analysis of online learning versus face-to-face learning approach in problem based learning in dentistry.

Problem-based learning (PBL), a student-centered approach which has been implemented in many educational institutes worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the proficiency of students in 5 key areas of PBL process and assess perceptions of students towards PBL learning using a self-explanatory questionnaire. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to September 2022 and evaluated perceptions of 1st year dental students of Batch 2021 (having Face-to-face PBL sessions) and batch 2020 (having online PBL sessions) using a questionnaire. Three similar PBL cases were used, which assessed PBL parameters that included attendance, group dynamics, knowledge, communication skills and preparation. Statistical analysis was performed for all the categorical and continuous variables. Majority of Distance Learning (DL) group (66.7%) concurred that PBL helped improve their communication skills, decision making power (66.7%), self-directed learning (80%) and promoted interaction with peers (66.7) and teachers (68.9%). The Face -to- Face (FF) group demonstrated better scores (7.7±2.42 & 7.55±2.55) with respect to their attendance and group dynamics (7.44±2.17 & 8.02±2.40) in PBL 1 & 3 as compared to DL group. Overall, better performance in all the 5 key areas of PBL was observed for the FF group versus the DL group. The Distance learning (DL) group displayed a positive attitude and perception towards PBL as a learning strategy whereas Face-to-face (FF) group showed greater performance and proficiency in the key PBL parameters scores.

Knowledge and Role of Paediatricians/Paediatric Residents in Infant Oral Healthcare and Dental Home across Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The prevention of oral diseases in children is highly achievable through providing early exposure to oral healthcare habits, which would make children more receptive towards dental services. A cross-sectional study used a structured, self-explanatory questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge and role of 190 paediatricians and paediatric residents towards infant oral healthcare and the dental home across Saudi Arabia. The authors sent a link to the questionnaire, comprising 36 questions, by email, as a Google e-form. The response rate obtained was 87.36%. A major proportion (95.8%) of the respondents considered that paediatricians play an important role in promoting oral health. Around 45.8% of the practitioners recommended tooth brushing after the eruption of the first tooth. About 38% of the practitioners were unaware of the children's first dental visit. The majority (95.2%) agreed that there should be an increased awareness regarding home dental habits. Most of them (78.3%) examined the oral cavity for dental problems as a part of routine childcare, and the majority (75.3%) admitted that they did not evaluate fluoride needs. A statistically significant higher mean knowledge score was observed for practitioners with more than 30 years of experience (9.35 ± 2.29), and there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.486) between the knowledge score and mean score for the role of paediatric practitioners. Overall, the study concluded that the knowledge of paediatricians and paediatric residents in SA towards infant oral healthcare and the dental home was inadequate, and their role in maintaining oral health was found to be moderately satisfactory.

Awareness of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Risk Factors Among the Adult Population of the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia.

Epidemiological studies are crucial in appraising the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a specific region, establishing benchmarks, and devising effective preventive measures. It is against this background that the study aims to evaluate adult awareness of COPD and its risk factors among adults in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Qassim Region and involved consenting adults who voluntarily participated. Between 20 May and 4 June 2023, a self-administered online survey was distributed through social media platforms, utilizing an anonymous, self-explanatory questionnaire to evaluate participants' awareness of COPD. In our study, a total of 1,306 participants were enrolled, of which 27.6% (n=360) reported having ever heard of COPD. Among all respondents, 21.3% (n=278) stated that they study or work in medical-related fields, and out of them, 60.4% (n=168) had prior awareness of COPD. Upon excluding participants associated with medical-related fields, the overall awareness level decreased to 18.7%. The majority of respondents fell within the age range of 18 to 29 years, of whom 34.5% had ever heard of COPD. Regarding smoking habits, the majority were cigarette smokers (38.4%), and of all cigarette smokers, 22.4% had heard of COPD. The second highest proportion of smokers (35.8%) were electronic smokers, and among them, 24.1% were aware of COPD. The lowest proportion of smokers (25.8%) were shisha smokers, with 25.6% of them having heard of COPD. Among the 1,306 respondents, only 27.5% (n=360) had ever heard of COPD. When asked about the organ affected by COPD, 81% (n=292) of those who were aware of the condition correctly responded that it affects the lungs. On the other hand, 8.9% (n=32) incorrectly selected "heart" as the affected organ, while 2.5% (n=9) chose "I don't know," and none selected "throat." The Qassim Region in Saudi Arabia exhibits a reduced level of COPD awareness among the general population. It is imperative to urgently address this situation and enhance awareness for improved COPD diagnosis and treatment. Considering the region's high prevalence of COPD and associated risk factors, it becomes vital to strengthen educational curricula and integrate COPD awareness into public forums and awareness campaigns. Moreover, conducting additional national research would be instrumental in assisting policymakers in developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Knowledge and Attitude of Undergraduate Students and Interns toward Stem Cells and Their Implications in Dentistry: A Cross-sectional Study.

The primary ideology of this research was to evaluate both the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate students and interns regarding stem cells and their use in dentistry. A cross-sectional observatory study was conducted among 310 dental students of Jazan University by making use of a self-explanatory questionnaire, containing a set of 25 questions and was sent as e-mail through Google e-forms. There was a good response rate of around 81.2%, of which 80.16% were aware of the fact that stem cells are unspecialized types of cells that come with the potential to turn into any cell type. Almost 65.08% of the participants considered the possibility to continue root formation post-trauma as the fundamental use of stem cells, and a majority (71.43%) of the participants showed great interest in garnering more knowledge and training in the area of stem cells. About 50% of the participants showed strong opposition to the concept of embryonic stem cells as these are basically fetched from an aborted fetus or from an embryo. There was a major section of the participants (79.76%) who were even keen on organizing more programs to create public awareness regarding stem cells. Mean knowledge and attitude scores among the participants were reported to be 7.57 ± 3.10 and 36.04 ± 6.51 respectively. Overall, the level of knowledge and attitude of dental students and interns at Jazan University towards stem cells and their implications in dentistry can be interpreted as adequate. Advanced training and awareness campaigns on stem cells and dentistry would improve their knowledge and attitude.

Assessment of knowledge, awareness and practices toward the use of 3D printing among dental laboratory technicians in Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional study.

From November 2021 to January 2022, a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was done among dental laboratory technicians in India. Dental technicians were given access to a self-explanatory questionnaire via Google forms link consisting of 12 questions that evaluated their knowledge, awareness and practices regarding 3D printing. The CHERRIES protocol for presenting the findings of the survey was followed. Chi-square test and independent t-test was used for statistical analysis by SPSS version 20.0. A total of 191 responses were obtained after the questionnaire was circulated to 220 technicians. 171 dental technicians (89.53%) were acquainted of the usage of 3D printing in dentistry.169 (88.48%) Dental technicians preferred 3D printing to traditional procedures. Majority of dental technicians indicated they want to include the 3D printing into their regular work practices and believe digital technology will enhance our profession. The level of awareness of digital dentistry and 3D printing among the participants is acceptable. Dental technicians at private laboratory showed better understanding about 3D printing as compared to technicians working at dental colleges nevertheless, dental education programmes, webinars and hands-on training should be undertaken that will enhance their expertise of 3D printing.

Assessment of knowledge, awareness, and practices toward the use of 3D printing in dentistry among dental practitioners and dental technicians: A cross-sectional study.

The applications and scope of digitization and technology in dentistry are becoming increasingly valuable right from clinical dentistry to research, student training, teaching, and laboratory techniques. Mastering 3D printing and its usage are essential for dental practitioners and dental technicians as it allows them to choose and necessarily know what is offered, as well as how to implement it in everyday practices thereby contributing to the betterment of the dental profession. The study aims to assess dental practitioners' and dental technicians' knowledge, understanding, and practices related to the use of 3D printing in dentistry. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was done among dental practitioners and technicians in Karnataka, India who were given access to a self-explanatory questionnaire via Google link consisting of questions that evaluated their knowledge, awareness, and practices regarding 3D printing. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. A total of 380 replies were obtained after the questionnaire was circulated. Awareness regarding the use of digital technology in dentistry was known by 98.9% of practitioners and 92.7% of technicians, of which we discovered that 9.28% of practitioners and 17.7% of technicians were unfamiliar with 3D printing, which was statistically significant (p=0.0400*). 81.6% of practitioners consider 3D printing can be used to fabricate complex design prostheses. The participants' understanding of digital dentistry and 3D printing is acceptable. The majority of dental professionals expressed an interest in adopting 3D printing and believe that there should be a forum for collecting and exchanging skills and knowledge about 3D printing.

A Survey of Hospital to Determine the Level of Patients' Awareness and Knowledge Regarding the Use of Dental Implants to Replace Missing Teeth

Introduction: It is necessary for patients to have awareness about the usage of implants, and for this reason, it is essential to have communication that is both effective and appropriate.Patients who are receiving treatment in a hospital setting will be surveyed to determine their level of awareness and understanding of dental implants as a potential method of therapy to replace lost teeth.Materials and methods: A standardised self-explanatory questionnaire, which was written up and handed out in a hospital setting. During their regularly scheduled dental appointments, the patients were given the questionnaires to fill out. In all, there were 450 individuals that participated in this poll.Results: The findings revealed that 62.5% of patients have some prior information about dental implants. The majority of the sample (35%) received the majority of their knowledge on dental implants from their friends and family, while the remaining 30% received the most of their information from dentists. In 87.5% of the instances, patients were discouraged from getting implants due to the fact that they were concerned about the cost effectiveness.Conclusion: The awareness and understanding regarding dental implants in the respondents was satisfactory, according to the findings of a study that was conducted on a representative sample of dental patients in Hyderabad, India. Patients still need more comprehensive and precise information regarding this most recent therapy approach, which should be provided to them as soon as possible.

The Influence of Orthodontic Treatment Need on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among 12-18-Year-Old Adolescents in Riyadh.

This study assessed the prevalence of orthodontic treatment needs and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 12-18-year-old adolescents and explored the association between OHRQoL and treatment needs, gender, education level and family income. A total of 243 participants with no prior history of orthodontic treatment were included in this cross-sectional study utilizing a standardized self-explanatory questionnaire and clinical examination. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part included the participants' demographics (age, gender, education level, economic status) and the second part contained the Arabic version of the oral health impact profile (OHIP)-14, which consists of 14 questions to assess the impact of the severity of malocclusion on routine activities. The clinical examination involved the dental health component (DHC) index of orthodontic treatment needs (IOTN). The outcome of the study showed that 46% of participants had little or no treatment needs, followed by 23.5% with borderline needs, and 30.5% with severe needs. Female participants had higher mean OHIP-14 scores (10.94 ± 8.17) compared to their male counterparts (8.44 ± 7.15), and the difference in the mean scores was significant (p = 0.015). The educational level did not significantly influence the mean OHIP-14 scores (p = 0.723), whereas the family income correlated negatively with the mean OHIP-14 scores. Participants with less family income had higher mean OHIP-14 scores (11.53 ± 8.67) compared to participants with high (8.22 ± 6.71) and average family income (10.68 ± 8.30). The mean OHIP-14 scores between the family income groups were statistically significant (p = 0.036). The overall OHIP-14 score of the participants was 9.67 ± 7.75. The need for orthodontic treatment is crucial among adolescents. It is recommended to have regular orthodontic consultations for adolescents and prompt referral for treatment to improve the OHRQoL.

To evaluate the knowledge and awareness of Dental Implants and Periimplantitis among students of HCDSH, Hazaribag, Jharkhand: A Questionnaire Survey

Abstract
 Introduction: Dental implants are widely accepted as a prosthetic treatment of completely or partially edentulous patients ever since the concept of Osseo integration has been accepted. However, there is a lack of information regarding the knowledge of Dental Implants and especially, the awareness of Peri-implantitis among students.
 Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and awareness of Dental Implants and Peri-implantitis among students of HCDSH, Hazaribag, Jharkhand.
 Materials and Method: A cross sectional Survey was conducted among 210 participants which included both Undergraduate and Postgraduate students of HCDSH, Hazaribag, Jharkhand using a self-explanatory questionnaire. The awareness about maintaining the hygiene for dental implants, cost, advantages, disadvantages and also knowledge about periimplantitis was assessed and the results were tabulated.
 Results: 98.5% of students had heard about dental implants. 64.4% students cited high cost as the biggest disadvantage of a dental implant. Only 54.7% of students had heard about Periimplantitis. 59.8% of students didn’t know the clinical features of Periimplantitis. 68.8% of students had never heard of peri implant mucositis. 68.5% of students were clueless when it came to the clinical feature of Peri implant mucositis and 65.2% of students did not know the sequelae for Peri implant disease.
 
 Conclusion: The results of the present survey showed that the majority of the students were largely aware about dental implants but a significant majority of them were unaware about periimplantitis.

Retailers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of CPTED-based techniques in reducing shoplifting: the case of Istanbul

PurposeShoplifting has become a widespread crime problem worldwide. The study aims to investigate retailers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)-based techniques to prevent shoplifting in Istanbul.Design/methodology/approachData collection involved 370 face-to-face interviews with store managers at shopping malls in Istanbul by using a structured, self-explanatory questionnaire. The current study applies CPTED approach to measure the effectiveness of informal and formal surveillance techniques.FindingsThe results revealed that store managers perceived awareness of sales staff as the most effective CPTED-based approach to prevent shoplifting. The study identified six factors underlying perceived effectiveness of CPTED-based techniques: surveillance (informal surveillance), image/maintenance and surveillance (formal surveillance), territoriality, surveillance (formal surveillance), surveillance (mechanical surveillance) and target hardening.Originality/valueNo research to date has addressed the effectiveness of CPTED-based techniques in Turkey at shopping malls. Given the limited number of prior research, the results provide important insights regarding the perceived effectiveness of CPTED-based techniques.

A self-report on oral hygiene awareness among allied health students of Chennai – A cross-sectional study

Oral cavity is the mirror of general health. Good oral hygiene plays important role in the prevention of oral diseases. Hence, constant monitoring and evaluation of oral hygiene become promising leads for a general health checkup. To evaluate the awareness for oral hygiene among Paramedical students of the south Indian population. The study is a cross-sectional study involving 1003 students belonging to Allied health sciences studying in Dr. MGR Educational & Research Institute, Chennai, having mean Age of 18 -20 years. The study was conducted for a period of one month (14 August 2021- 10 September 2021). The subjects were asked to fill out a self-explanatory Questionnaire about their daily oral hygiene activities. The observations are tabulated and analyzed using SPSS software. Mean, frequency distribution and chi-square test were used as test of significance. The college students who filled the self-report were aged 18-19 years (88.7%) of which female students gave maximum responses (65.70%) in filling the questionnaires. The tested population brushed twice per day was on higher side (56%) with females having more brushing frequency (39.48%) as compared to males (16.3%). The respondents who noticed bad breadth and bleeding gums was 26.22% and 32.20% respectively. The values of bad breadth have p values with high significance (0.0005%) in comparison to gender. However, Gender comparison with dental floss usage (p = 0.1695) and dental visit observation (P= 0.4293) had no significant statistical P values. Among the Allied Health students, the general knowledge of oral health practices was moderate and dental visits were their choice only during emergency procedures. Inadequate knowledge of routine dental procedures and signs of oral health were seen. Female students have better knowledge upon oral health, oral hygiene practices and maintenance as compared to males.

A Cross-Sectional Survey or Patients Perception and Knowledge Regarding Dental Implants in Pakistan

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the perception and knowledge regarding dental implants among patients admitted to hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional/ Descriptive study Place and Duration: Islamic International Dental Hospital, Islamabad and Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad for the duration of six months from September 2021 to February 2022. Methods: There were 160 patients of both genders were included in this survey. Presented patients had age between 18-70 years. After obtaining informed written consent, detailed demographics of each patient were recorded. Standardized self-explanatory questionnaires were given to patients during regular dental visits to assess their knowledge, source of information, and attitude about dental implants. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: Among 160 cases, majority of the cases 90 (56.3%) were females and 70 (43.7%) were males. 27 (16.9%) were aged between 18-28 years, 25 (15.6%) had 29-38 years, 45 (28.1%) had age 39-48 years, 20 (12.5%) had age 49-60years and 43 (26.3%) had age >60 years. 42 (26.3%) had dental implants among all cases. There were 65 (40.6%) cases those were aware from the dental implants, among these dentists, friends and family members provided awareness. Dental implant therapy was most often described as being expensive, advance, and scary. Several of the individuals thought implants were painful and unsafe, although these perceptions were significantly less prevalent. Positive feedback was also received from patients in whom perception was high esthetic, improved mastication, no failures and high success rate. Conclusion: Most study respondents lacked dental implant competence. High cost prevents many from choosing dental implants. In developing nations like Pakistan, reducing costs would make dental implants more affordable for poor people. Keywords: Expensive, Dental Implants, Scary, Poor-socioeconomic status, Dental failures

An Empirical Study to Evaluate the Impact of Ethical Leadership on Organizational Citizenship and Innovative Behavior: Mediated by Psychological Empowerment at the Workplace

Purpose:This study aims to identify the impact of ethical leadership on organizational citizenship behavior and innovative behavior Methodology:The self-explanatory questionnaires were distributed to the real-time employees of the services sector (more specifically university employees) in Pakistan. 350 questionnaires were distributed using the convenience sampling technique and 280 returned fully answered. The response rate was 80 percent. Findings:The findings of the study suggest the strong influence of ethical leadership on organizational citizenship behavior, innovative behavior, and psychological empowerment. Psychological empowerment was studied to have a strong impact on organizational citizenship behavior but a mild impact on innovative behavior. Partial mediation was identified between both the mediation paths of the model. i.e., ethical leadership - organizational citizenship (EL → PE → OCB) and ethical leadership – innovative behavior (EL → PE → IB). Conclusion:It is concluded that organizations must develop ethical leadership approach to maximize the organizational citizenship behavior as well as innovative behavior at the workplace. Moreover, it is also suggested that employers must also consider PE as an essential predictor for developing a culture packed with better citizenship and innovative behavior. Practical Implications: The role of leaders in the services sector is significant to enable members to come up with innovative behaviour and behave more organized and well suited to the organizational culture to make sure they have adopted the hot spots of the organizational citizenship behavior standards at the workplace.

Knowledge and Attitude of Undergraduate Students and Interns about Human Tooth Bank: A Cross-sectional Study.

IntroductionHuman tooth banks (HTBs) are philanthropic institutions that assist to alleviate academic pressure by supplying human teeth essential for preclinical laboratory activities and experimental research. The primary focus of this research was to assess the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate students and interns who have taken up dentistry as their field of study in Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, about HTB.Materials and methodsAn online structured self-explanatory questionnaire containing 16 questions was sent via email to the undergraduate students and interns. The Google e-forms questionnaire contained a consent attached for participating in this cross-sectional observational study.ResultsA good response rate of 93.3% was recorded, but the results were surprising as 66.43% of the participants did not have the slightest idea regarding the concept of a tooth bank, while only a meager 17.4% of them supported the idea of getting the teeth preauthorized from HTBs before using it on patients. A majority (80.36%) of students unanimously promoted the idea of having facilities like HTBs, but only 15.36% of students had stored teeth at a teeth bank previously.ConclusionThere is an overwhelming lack of awareness among students regarding HTBs and the legal procedures involved in procuring teeth from them. It is necessary to do all that's required to create awareness about the perks of linking HTB with various dental institutions and the legal process involved to use human teeth.How to cite this articleVishwanathaiah S, Eshaq RH, Maganur PC, et al. Knowledge and Attitude of Undergraduate Students and Interns about Human Tooth Bank: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(1):60-64.

INVESTIGATION OF AWARENESS OF ROTAVIRUS INFECTION AND VACCINATION IN PARENTS OF INFANTS LESS THAN ONE YEAR-A QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY FROM TURKEY

Introduction: Rotavirus infection is one of the most common causes of infantile diarrhea, with significance in developing countries where it accounts for 15–30% of the mortality rate. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent disease and mortality. Therefore, parents' knowledge about Rotavirus infection and vaccination is critical in increasing vaccination rates. We aimed to investigate parental awareness about Rotavirus infection and vaccine, evaluate attitudes towards Rotavirus vaccination, and determine factors affecting acceptance and hesitations about immunization. Methods: This survey included 1856 participants: parents who had a child aged under one year of age. A self-explanatory questionnaire consisting of 13 questions was composed to determine parental awareness and behavior regarding Rotavirus infection and the vaccine. Results: More than half (n=541, 58.30%) of the parents knew that diarrhea could be a fatal disease, less than half (n=354, 38.15%) knew that RV could cause diarrhea. The parental knowledge rates about the Rotavirus infection and the vaccine were positively correlated with parents' education level and monthly family income. Less than half (41.59%) of the parents were found to have vaccinated their children for Rotavirus infection. Vaccination rates increased in parallel with the increase in income and education level of parents. The primary reasons for nonvaccination were lack of knowledge (44.83%) and the fear of possible side effects (14.94%). Conclusion: The present survey demonstrates that parents' knowledge of rotavirus vaccination is not adequate, and the rate of rotavirus vaccination is even low. The present study underlines that health providers are critical insufficient society awareness and acceptance of Rotavirus immunization.

Knowledge and Practice of Rotary Instrumentation in Primary Teeth among Saudi Arabian Dentists: A Cross-sectional Study.

BackgroundMaking use of rotary instruments for doing pulpectomies in the primary teeth is one of the most developing areas in the field of pedodontics. The primary aim of this study was to assess the understanding and the ease with which Saudi Arabian dentists could use rotary instrumentation in primary teeth.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted among dentists over 3 months. A structured self-explanatory questionnaire was given, and responses were obtained from the dental practitioners.ResultsThe response rate for the survey was 92.45%. Only 21.4% of them were using rotary instruments, and ProTaper was most commonly used. The most common limitation factors that obstructed its usage included the taper and length of the existing files. On assessing the need for using an exclusive rotary file for performing root canal preparation in primary teeth, there was a significant difference observed statistically. The general thought that floated among most dental practitioners (p value = 0.01) and specialists who had 11-15 years of experience was that an exclusive rotary file is the need of the hour.ConclusionThere is an absolute need for more education programs and workshops in the country to increase the knowledge and awareness of dental practitioners, and also to give hands-on experience regarding rotary instrumentation in primary teeth. In kids, it seems appropriate to use kid-specific rotary files that make it comfortable for children too during the procedure.How to cite this articleAlowi WA, Maganur PC, Manoharan V, et al. Knowledge and Practice of Rotary Instrumentation in Primary Teeth among Saudi Arabian Dentists: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S97-S102.

An Empirical Study to Evaluate the Influence of Organizational Support and Job Commitment on Job Performance: An Evidence from Pakistan

In this research paper, the facts about the impact of organizational support and commitment on job performance are intended to be produced and presented. The study validates the study findings by collecting primary data from 120 respondents through questionnaire distribution using a convenient random sampling technique. This is a cross-sectional research study supported with the findings of empirical as well theoretical evidence. The data was collected using a closed-ended and self-explanatory questionnaire. According to the findings, the study found all hypotheses accepted that claim that job performance is dependent on organizational support and there is a positive relationship between the variables; job commitment has a direct and positive relationship to job performance, and both organizational support and commitment have a positive and influencing relationship with the job performance. Whereas we also identified that organizational support has a strong correlation with job performance; job commitment has also been found to have a strong correlation with job performance at a highly significant level. This bivariate correlated study has significant support for organizations based in Pakistan and in similar cultures to produce and enhance job performance while increasing job commitment and organizational support of their employees. Theoretical as well as empirical evidence strongly supports the findings of this study and recommends organizational practitioners to consider both organizational commitment as well as organizational support while making any corporate-level decision related to enhancing job performance and productivity.

Awareness regarding foot self-care practices among diabetic patients in Northeast part of India. Can primary care physician make a difference? A hospital based cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACTBackground:About 10% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the time of diagnosis have more than one risk factor for developing foot ulceration, and it increases to 15% in a lifetime. The risk of development of Diabetic foot ulcers/gangrene can be prevented by the patient’s self-foot care practice at home. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of awareness of self-foot care practice among diabetic patients in a rural setting. The study also aimed to identify the factors preventing dry or wet diabetic gangrene development and subsequent amputation.Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 1687 people with diabetes mellitus (DM) who attended orthopedic and diabetic OPD in a tertiary care hospital in Kamrup, Assam, India. An appropriate self-explanatory questionnaire about knowledge of self-foot care practice was given to all study participants. Foot examination was performed by authors participated in the study on all patients. The observations and results were categorized according to the International Diabetes Federation foot risk categories.Results:Of 1687 patients included in this study, 298 (17.7%) had foot ulcers of various grades, 164 (9.76%) had peripheral vascular disease, and 484 (28.7%), had peripheral neuropathy of different grades. After multivariate analysis, patients on insulin and combination therapy and peripheral neuropathy were significantly associated with the presence of foot ulcers. The mean knowledge score was as low as 9.7 ± 4.8 out of a total score of 23. Low awareness and knowledge were associated with low mean scores due to a lack of formal education (8.3 ± 6.1). Among the 1687 patients, only 381 (22.5%) are aware and have some knowledge about self-foot care, and 686 (40.6%) had their feet examined by a doctor only once since their initial diagnosis. The incidence of development of diabetic-related complications was significantly low in those who know about foot self-care as well as those whose feet had been inspected by a physician at least once.Conclusion:The incidence of development of diabetic-related complications was significantly low in those who know about foot self-care as well as those whose feet had been examined by a physician of family doctors at least once. There is a need to educate all patients of diabetes about self-foot care. It is prudent to establish an integrated foot care services within primary care centers and in the diabetic clinic to identify feet at risk, institute early preventive measures, and provide continuous foot care education through images videos on WhatsApp to patients and primary health care givers.

Temporomandibular disorder symptoms in the university context

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the impact of the university context of different academic fields and class times and the sociodemographic context on the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods A total of 2912 university students, divided into 26 undergraduate courses distributed in the fields of biology and exact and human sciences in the day and night participated in this study. The symptoms of orofacial pain and TMD were assessed using a self-explanatory questionnaire for screening, as recommended by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables and multiple logistic regression at a 5% significance level. Results There was a significant association between the female sex and the attended class time. Women and undergraduates of night courses were 1.60 times more likely to present symptoms related to TMD compared to women studying during the day. Conclusion It was concluded that, within the university context, women and undergraduate students enrolled in night courses were more likely to present with TMD symptoms.