Self-esteem Of Young People Research Articles

Empowering youth through sexuality and leadership education: Approaches and outcomes

Empowering youth through sexuality and leadership education is crucial for their holistic development and well-being. This paper provides an overview of approaches and outcomes related to empowering youth in these areas. Effective approaches to empowering youth through sexuality and leadership education include comprehensive sexuality education (CSE), youth-friendly services, peer education, and leadership training. CSE equips young people with accurate, age-appropriate information about sexuality, relationships, and reproductive health, enabling them to make informed decisions. Youth-friendly services provide confidential, nonjudgmental health services tailored to young people's needs. Peer education involves young people teaching their peers about sexual and reproductive health, encouraging open dialogue. Leadership training fosters skills such as communication, decision-making, and advocacy, empowering youth to become leaders in their communities. Empowering youth through sexuality and leadership education leads to various positive outcomes. It improves sexual and reproductive health outcomes, including reduced rates of unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and HIV/AIDS. It also promotes gender equality and empowerment, as young people learn about their rights and how to challenge harmful gender norms. Additionally, sexuality and leadership education enhance young people's self-esteem, communication skills, and ability to make informed decisions, preparing them for future leadership roles. Empowering youth through sexuality and leadership education is essential for their development and well-being. By providing comprehensive education and support, we can help young people navigate challenges, make healthy choices, and become empowered leaders in their communities.

Relationship between positive parenting and cyberbullying perpetration among adolescents: role of self-esteem and smartphone addiction.

Adolescents may perpetrate cyberbullying in cyberspace, which they perceive as a medium of social communication, and cyberbullying perpetration is closely related to adolescent behavior, mental health, and development. This study aimed to examine the relationship of certain factors related to cyberbullying in adolescents using the framework of Jessor's problem behavior theory. This cross-sectional study investigated the mediating effect of adolescent self-esteem and smartphone addiction in the relationship between positive parenting and adolescent cyberbullying perpetration. The secondary analysis used data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The data on positive parenting, adolescent self-esteem, smartphone addiction, and perpetration of cyberbullying of 2,394 Korean adolescents (boys: 1,297, 54.2%) were analyzed. Hayes' PROCESS macro program was used to confirm the mediating role. The results revealed that 26.5% (n = 634) of adolescents had perpetrated cyberbullying. Positive parenting did not directly relate to cyberbullying perpetration. Adolescent self-esteem and smartphone addiction played a mediating role between positive parenting and adolescent cyberbullying. Individual adolescent characteristics and parent/family system characteristics should be considered in policies aimed at preventing adolescent cyberbullying perpetration, preceded by the management of appropriate smartphone use. Improving young people's self-esteem and teaching them how to use smartphones correctly can help prevent cyberbullying.

The influence of advertising in online media on the system of spiritual and moral values of young people

The article analyzes the problems of the influence of advertising in Internet media on the system of spiritual and moral values of young people. The relevance of the article lies in emphasizing the idea that negative advertising influence can lead to the formation of a false idea of reality, the formation of low self-esteem in young people, reduce critical thinking and contribute to the emergence of attitudes associated with one’s own helplessness.

The mediating role of cognitive distortions in the relationship between problematic social media use and self-esteem in youth.

Self-esteem expresses the individual's approach to himself and affects the whole life in terms of mental health. Another important factor affecting self-esteem, which has a critical importance for the youth period, is social media. In the literature, there are many studies examining the relationship between social media use and self-esteem of young people. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between problematic social media use and self-esteem in university students and to test the mediating role of cognitive distortions in the relationship between these two variables. The sample of the study consisted of 239 young individuals, 197 (82.4%) female, and 42 (17.6%) males, with a mean age of 20.62 ± 1.92years, studying at a private university. Participants were evaluated by administering the "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)", "Social Media Disorder Scale (SMD-9)", and "Cognitive Distortions Scale (CDS)". The scales were administered via an online survey. Results revealed that there was a negative significant relationship between the problematic social media use levels of the participants and their self-esteem. In the model established to evaluate the mediating role of cognitive distortions in the relationship between problematic social media use and self-esteem levels, in the first step, it was found that problematic social media use directly predicted self-esteem negatively. In the second step, it was determined that the use of problematic social media negatively predicted the mediating variable cognitive distortions. In the third step, when cognitive distortions, which are mediator variables, are added to the model in the relationship between problematic social media use and self-esteem; it was determined that cognitive distortions played a partial mediating role in the sub-dimensions of "self-perception", "self-blame", "hopelessness" and "seeing life as dangerous", while the sub-dimensions of "helplessness" and "total scale scores" played a full mediator role. Our findings show that there is a negative relationship between the problematic social media use of young people and their self-esteem levels, and cognitive distortions play a mediating role in the relationship between both variables.

Addressing Intergenerational Inequity in Tobacco-Harm: What Helps Children of Smokers to Remain Nonsmokers?

Children of people who smoke are more likely to take up smoking themselves. In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), adolescent smoking declined dramatically between 2000 and 2016 despite limited change in parental smoking, demonstrating that the cycle can be broken. This study aimed to identify modifiable factors associated with never smoking in Year 10 students (14-15 years) who had at least one caregiver who smoked. We used data from the Youth Insights Survey (2016 and 2018, pooled, N = 5,422) and identified students with at least one caregiver (mother, father, grandparent, other caregiver) who smoked (N = 2,205). To investigate modifiable factors potentially associated with nonsmoking we used logistic regression with marginally adjusted prevalence estimates. Overall, 41% of students had at least one caregiver who smoked. In this group, the majority (65%) had never smoked themselves. After adjustment, never-smoking was more prevalent among students attending low-deprivation (more affluent) schools (73% had never smoked) compared to high-deprivation schools (44%); students not exposed to others' smoking inside the home (72%) or in cars (70%) in the past week compared to those exposed (59% and 51%, respectively); and students whose parents would be upset if they were caught smoking (68% vs 49% for those whose parents would not be upset), or who had high self-esteem (69% vs 55% for those with low self-esteem). Modifiable factors independently associated with non-smoking in adolescents with caregiver(s) who smoked were: nonexposure to smoking inside the home and in cars, parental expectations of nonsmoking, and high self-esteem. Even in countries like NZ with relatively low adult smoking rates, children's exposure to caregiver smoking may be prevalent, particularly in structurally disadvantaged populations. This study suggests that action to promote smokefree homes and cars, build high self-esteem in young people, and communicate expectations of non-smoking are likely to help children of people who smoke to remain nonsmokers. A comprehensive approach that also addresses "upstream" factors (eg, socioeconomic deprivation) and underlying causes of structural inequity (eg, institutional racism) is needed. Such policy and community action may help to break intergenerational cycles of tobacco use and health inequity.

Physical Activity and Self-esteem of Young People on the Example of Secondary School Students from Lublin

<p>Co roku rośnie w Polsce liczba młodzieży z różnymi zaburzeniami funkcjonowania, często wynikającymi z niskiej samooceny. W niniejszym artykule przyjęto założenie, że aktywność fizyczna mogłaby być jednym z czynników wpływających na poprawę samooceny młodych ludzi. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była próba określenia zależności pomiędzy aktywnością fizyczną a samooceną młodzieży szkolnej. Próbę badawczą stanowiło 243 uczniów uczęszczających do klas pierwszych lubelskich liceów. W badaniach wykorzystano Skalę Samooceny SES (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale – SES) autorstwa Rosenberga oraz autorską ankietę dotyczącą aktywności fizycznej młodzieży. Analiza danych wykazała, że co drugi badany uczeń wykazywał aktywność fizyczną jedynie w ramach lekcji wychowania fizycznego. Również uzyskane wyniki badań w zakresie samooceny badanej młodzieży nie są zadowalające, gdyż blisko połowa badanych posiadała niski i bardzo niski jej poziom. Analiza odpowiedzi badanych chłopców i dziewcząt wskazuje na istnienie pewnych różnic w tym zakresie. Przeprowadzone analizy statystyczne nie wykazały jednak istotnych statystycznie zależności między aktywnością fizyczną a samooceną młodzieży.</p>

The impact of the livelihoods and income fortification and socio-civic transformation project on the quality of life, wellbeing, self-esteem, and quality of neighbourhood social environment among the youth in slum areas of in Kampala, Uganda

BackgroundVarious interventions to improve the quality of life (QoL) among slum dwellers across sub Saharan Africa have been implemented. However, the interventions impacts remain less understood. We assessed the impact of the Urban Program on Livelihoods and Income Fortification and Socio-civic Transformation (UPLIFT) project on QoL, psychological wellbeing, self-esteem, and the quality of neighbourhood social environment of young people aged 13–25 years in slum areas of Makindye and Nakawa Divisions in Kampala, Uganda.MethodsThe study was designed as a mixed method evaluation using repeated cross-sectional survey and grounded theory in both the intervention and comparison communities. The intervention effect was estimated using the difference-in-differences Kernel propensity-score matching technique, with bootstrapping. The “rcs” option was used given that data were from repeated cross-sectional surveys. A thematic analysis was adopted for the qualitative data to triangulate and complement the quantitative data.ResultsThe UPLIFT project led to an improvement in QoL, psychological wellbeing, and self-esteem of young people. In terms of QoL, the project led to a six-percentage point increase in quality of living conditions scores (where higher scores reflect better living conditions; lower ones, worse living conditions). However, a negative effect was observed for personal independence whilst the project did not have any impact on social relations. In terms of self-esteem and psychological wellbeing, the project led to a 4.6-point increase in self-esteem scores, a 5.4-point increase in self-acceptance scores, a 5.3- point increase in purpose in life scores, a 5.7 - point increase in personal growth, and a 10.7-point increase in autonomy scores. However, the project had a negative effect on personal independence; and had no impact on environmental mastery and the quality of neighbourhood social environment.ConclusionFunctional community-owned assets accumulation and capacity building initiatives for young people in slum areas improved their psychological wellbeing and quality of life. However, such initiatives do not appear to address social relationships and personal independence of young people in slum areas.

Samoocena młodzieży stojącej u progu dalszego kształcenia lub tranzycji na rynek pracy – na przykładzie uczniów lubelskich szkół ponadpodstawowych

<p>Samoocena jest jednym z czynników warunkujących funkcjonowanie człowieka w wielu obszarach życia, zarówno osobistego, jak i zawodowego. Wpływa na podejmowane przez człowieka decyzje, w tym na jego karierę zawodową. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była próba określenia samooceny młodzieży stojącej u progu dalszego kształcenia lub tranzycji na rynek pracy. Próbę badawczą stanowiło 299 uczniów lubelskich szkół, w tym: zasadniczej szkoły zawodowej, technikum i liceum ogólnokształcącego. W badaniu zastosowano Skalę Samooceny SES – the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES) autorstwa Morrisa Rosenberga. Analiza danych ukazała, że uczniowie z różnych typów szkół, stojący u progu dorosłości nie różnią się istotnie statystycznie ze względu na posiadaną samoocenę. Różnic nie odnotowano także, uwzględniając płeć badanych osób. Niepokojący jednak okazał się fakt, że aż co czwarty badany posiadał niski, niekorzystny poziom samooceny. W przypadku tych uczniów należałoby podjąć działania mające na celu podniesienie ich samooceny.</p>

Adolescents with and without Physical Disabilities: Which Processes Protect Their Self-Esteem?

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to analyse whether young people with physical disabilities have lower global self-esteem and less positive domain-specific self-concepts than peers without physical disabilities, as well as which processes protect their self-esteem. Data were collected from 179 German adolescents with physical disabilities and 296 adolescents without physical disabilities. Both groups did not differ in global self-esteem. However, adolescents with physical disabilities had lower self-concepts of athletic competence and social acceptance. Perceived athletic competence tended to show weaker associations with self-esteem in adolescents with physical disabilities than in the control group. Regarding processes of protecting self-esteem, adolescents with physical disabilities reported higher levels of emotional support when dealing with problems, a stronger tendency to present oneself in a favourable light, and stronger selection of goals that are easily attainable. A regression analysis indicated that a lower self-esteem of young people with physical disabilities compared to the control group emerged after statistically controlling for the elevated levels of self-protective processes in the former group. We conclude that social support, goal adjustments, and positive self-presentation protect the reports on self-esteem in young people with physical disabilities. Practitioners should be sensitive to the risk for biased self-reports when assessing self-esteem.

Parental Warmth and Involvement and the Self-Esteem of Young People in Hong Kong

Self-esteem has been found to correlate with young people’s mental health and overall success. The present study explored the relationship between children’s perceived maternal and paternal warmth and involvement and their self-esteem. The data were drawn from 3100 primary and secondary students from 12 schools in Hong Kong. The results showed that maternal warmth had the strongest relation with self-esteem in both male and female children. Further analyses revealed that maternal warmth and involvement and paternal warmth in parent–child relationships could be used to predict female children’s self-esteem. For male students, it was found that maternal warmth and paternal warmth could be used to predict self-esteem. The implications of these results are discussed herein with respect to Hong Kong’s local context with reference to the policies for families. Specific implications regarding the link to children’s self-esteem with various factors of father–son, father–daughter, mother–son and mother–daughter relationships are also discussed. Finally, recommendations and conclusions are drawn in light of the findings.

Excessive Internet use and self-esteem among Internet users in Egypt

Several psychological comorbidities are thought to be associated with excessive Internet use. This study aimed to assess the relation between excessive Internet use and self-esteem among Internet users in Egypt. In this cross-sectional study, a Google form questionnaire, composed of three sections, was used to assess participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and daily Internet use. Self-esteem was evaluated using the Arabic version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Only people ≥18 years who reported having a stable Internet access and were residing in Egypt were included. Our results indicated that 25.3% of the 407 participants reported excessive Internet use (>4 h/day) and 29.5% had low self-esteem. Logistic regression showed that age ≤ 25 years and being unmarried were risk factors of excessive Internet use; (OR 2.85, 95% CI: 1.44–5.66; p value = 0.003) and (OR 2.64, 95% CI: 1.20–5.80; p value = 0.015), respectively. Low self-esteem associated with excessive Internet use by the univariate analysis (OR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.05–2.69; p value = 0.022), yet after adjustment for other covariates, the association attenuated (OR 1.44, 95% CI: 0.86–2.41; p value = 0.162). In participants ≤ 25 years, the association between self-esteem and excessive Internet use remained significant after adjustment for the covariates (Before: OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.08–3.85; p value = 0.020 vs. After: OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.11–4.08; p value = 0.015). In conclusion, excessive Internet use is a common finding among Internet users in Egypt. Young and unmarried people are more susceptible to use the Internet excessively. Low self-esteem in young people is associated with excessive Internet use.

Social Identification as a Predictor of Extremist Attitudes of Young Adults

Modern society is characterized by a growth in extremism among young adults, which heightens the importance of identifying personal features that contribute to the involvement of a person in extremist and terrorist groups. The article analyzes the findings of an empirical study devoted to three types of extremist attitudes - fanaticism, nationalism and xenophobia. The study reveals that over half of the respondents manifest a heightened or high level of at least one type of extremist attitudes. The authors view certain features of young peoples identification as predictors of extremism. They examined four types of identification: acceptance of role models from the immediate environment, identification with the social role, self-identification and self-expression, which were evaluated from the standpoint of their certainty and subjective productivity. Besides, they took into account attitude to oneself and self-esteem of young people as well as their desire to change themselves and their lives. The authors determined key predictors of fanaticism attitudes - refusal to identify with ones immediate environment, non-productive identity and a negative attitude to oneself. Additional predictors are a low level of self-identification and believing oneself to be a person who can influence others. The authors singled out unproductive identity, identification with the social role and a negative attitude to oneself as predictors of nationalistic attitudes. Key predictors of xenophobia turned out to be identification with the social group, absence of a definite productive identity together with a low self-esteem, high assessment of self-effectiveness, self-image of a person who does not stand out from the group and absence of a desire to change oneself. A regression analysis showed that the obtained models have a high explanatory value. Research results also allowed the authors to single out identity characteristics that could act as buffers for the development of extremist attitudes among young adults. Prevention measures could include person-centered approach to education, creating conditions for a conscious self-identification of teenagers and young adults, psychological support of forming a positive ego-identity and the development of self-consciousness.

Samoocena młodzieży korzystającej z treści erotycznych w Internecie

One of the properties of the Internet is an immediate availability of its content, including the erotic content. A lot of research indicates that using erotic websites leads to the dysfunctional development of children and adolescents. This fact requires taking prophylactic measures in order to reduce this type of problem behaviour. The article seeks to establish protective factors and risk factors related to the self-esteem of young people who use or do not use erotic websites. The aim is to establish the relationship between self-esteem and accessing erotic content on the Internet. EPIDAL-VIII inventory edited by Z.B. Gaś as well as MSEI Multidimensional Self-Assessment Inventory by E.J. O’Brien and S. Epstein were used as research tools. The study was conducted on a group of 3774 higher-secondary school students from five voivodships in central and eastern Poland.

An education session on sickle cell disease with teachers in Lagos, Nigeria: evaluation of a randomized controlled trial

Sickle cell disease is a major public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria having the largest absolute numbers of young people living with sickle cell disease. Research in the Global North suggests that young people with sickle cell disease are not well supported at school, whilst research in the Global South focuses on attitudes to the identification of genetic carriers to prevent births of children with sickle cell disease, rather than support of those with the sickle cell disease condition itself. Between 2015 and 2017 a randomized controlled trial based on one hour education session for school teachers, based on information contained in a guide to school policy on sickle cell disease, was conducted with 402 young people with sickle cell disease across 314 schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Young people with sickle cell disease in both intervention group and control groups showed significant decreases in the number of days of school absence and in self-reported indicators of lack of support, and significant increases in self-reported indicators of school support. The results suggest a breakdown of the randomization, probably because the young people with sickle cell disease all reacted positively to researchers taking an interest in their welfare in a context where they would usually be heavily stigmatized and would be inclined to hide their sickle cell disease status from others at school. In conclusion, conditions conducive to conducting successful research on sickle cell disease in this context - increased self-esteem in young people with sickle cell disease, reduction in within-school stigmatizing attitudes, and commitment by policy makers to improve the situation of young people in schools – are the very factors that would improve the experiences of young people living with sickle cell disease at school in Lagos, Nigeria. The fact that positive changes did occur warrants further research on this topic.

Evaluation of the efficacy of microneedle fractional radiofrequency in Turkish patients with atrophic facial acne scars.

Scarring is an undesirable and severe complication of acne resulting in loss of self-esteem in young people. Although microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) system has emerged as a good option to treat acne scars in recent years, it was examined in a few studies which were commonly from Asian countries. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of MFR in Turkish patients with facial acne scars. Nine patients with atrophic facial acne scars treated with MFR device were included in the study. The number of treatment sessions was varied from one to five (median three) with 4-week intervals. Demographic and basal clinical features were recorded. Efficacy of the device was evaluated by the physicians' global assessment and patients' self-assessment scales 4weeks after the last treatment session. Of nine patients, two were male and seven were female (mean age, 31.33years). Two patients had mild, four had moderate, and three had severe facial acne scars. Mean acne scar age was 13.22±8.79years. According to the predominant scar subtype, three patients had V-shaped, three had U-shaped, and three had M-shaped atrophic acne scars. A clinical improvement of >25% has been reported in seven patients (77.7%) and eight patients (88.9%) by the physicians and patients, respectively. U-shaped atrophic acne scars responded better to the treatment than the other types, as statistically nonsignificant. There were no severe side effects. Microneedle fractional radiofrequency system showed a quite good efficacy and safety in the treatment of atrophic facial acne scars (Department of Dermato-Cosmetology, Uludag University Medical School).

Association of lifestyle behaviours with self-esteem through health-related quality of life in Spanish adolescents

The present research examined the association of Mediterranean diet adherence and physical activity with self-esteem through five components of health-related quality of life. Data were collected from 456 adolescents attending one of five schools in Granada, Spain using a cluster-randomised design. Participants completed questionnaires on Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity, self-esteem and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Models were constructed to identify associations between Mediterranean diet adherence and physical activity on self-esteem. Mediational analysis using bootstrapped confidence intervals examined possible mediation by five components of HRQoL. Mediterranean diet adherence and physical activity engagement were associated with four components of HRQoL: more positive physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, family relationships and autonomy support and perceptions of the school environment. Both lifestyle behaviours were positively associated with self-esteem. Both relationships were mediated through positive psychological wellbeing and perceptions of the school environment. Physical wellbeing was also a mediator of the relationship between physical activity and self-esteem.Conclusion: Interventions promoting Mediterranean diets or physical activity to adolescents may facilitate improvements in self-esteem in addition to wider health benefits previously identified. Approaches within such interventions targeting improvements in physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing and positive perceptions of the school environment may improve their efficacy.What is Known:• It is known that engagement in lifestyle behaviours such as physical activity is positively linked with psychological health.• Whilst its consumption is declining, the Mediterranean diet is nutritionally recommended and remains popular in parts of Greece, Southern Italy and Spain. Research into Mediterranean diet adherence and psychological health is lacking.What is New:• The present research furthers this knowledge by examining potential mechanisms through which two lifestyle behaviours (physical activity and following a Mediterranean diet) may be associated with self-esteem.• Implications for the promotion of positive mental health in young people. Mediterranean diet and physical activity were positively associated with self-efficacy via positive psychological self-concept and perceptions of the school environment. These novel findings can contribute to the development of more efficacious interventions targeting positive self-esteem in young people.

Individual and family factors associated with self-esteem in young people with epilepsy: A multiple mediation analysis.

As young people experience added demands from living with epilepsy, which may lead to poor psychosocial adjustment, it is essential to examine mechanisms of change to provide practitioners with knowledge to develop effective interventions. The aim of this study was to examine individual and family-level factors - stress and illness perceptions, coping behaviors and family resilience - that promote or maintain young people's self-esteem. From November 2013 to August 2014, young people attending a neurology clinic in KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, participated in a cross-sectional survey (n=152; 13-16years old). Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate whether these variables mediated the relationship between illness severity (i.e., low, moderate, high) and self-esteem. Multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that illness severity had a direct effect on young people's self-esteem. Compared to those with moderate illness severity (reference group), young people with low severity had significantly higher self-esteem (c=3.42, p<0.05); while those with high severity had a more negative view of themselves (c=-3.93, p<0.001). Illness severity also had an indirect influence on self-esteem through its effects on mediators, such as perceived stress, illness perceptions and family resilience (D1: Total ab=3.46, 95% CI 1.13, 5.71; D2: Total ab=-2.80, 95% CI -4.35, -1.30). However, young people's coping levels did not predict their self-esteem, when accounting for the effects of other variables. The continued presence of seizure occurrences is likely to place greater demands on young people and their families: in turn, increased stress and negative illness perceptions negatively affected family processes that promote resilience. As the mediating effect of these modifiable factors were above and beyond the contributions of illness characteristics and young people's levels of coping, this has implications for developing individual and family interventions aimed to support young people living with epilepsy.

Police cadets scheme builds young people's self-esteem

Police cadets scheme builds young people's self-esteem

Farming boosts young people's self-esteem

Farming boosts young people's self-esteem

Stammering: The importance of providing support early

Stammering can have an important impact on children and young people's self-esteem. Dorothy Lepkowska looks at the importance of early detection, forms of treatment and providing the right sort of support in school.