Self-cleaning Properties Research Articles

A Fe3+-Doped TiO2 Superhydrophilic Coating with Transparent and Long-Lasting Antifogging Properties Constructed Based on Nanostructured Antireflective and Capillary Anchoring Effects.

Superhydrophilic surfaces have attracted great interest in antifogging applications. However, balancing long-lasting superhydrophilicity and high transparency on antifogging surfaces remains a serious problem to be solved. The objective of this work is to prepare superhydrophilic coatings with transparent and long-lasting antifogging properties. In the design, a three-step method was used to obtain the target coatings: (1) magnetron sputtering deposition of a TiN film to provide high intensity, (2) anodic oxidation of the TiN film to obtain TiO2 nanoparticles intended for nanostructured antireflective and capillary structures, and (3) the sol-gel method for the preparation of Fe3+-doped TiO2 coatings using spin-coating in order to achieve superhydrophilicity. The nanostructures, due to their subwavelength dimensions, not only provide high transparency but also recoverable superhydrophilicity owing to the presence of a capillary anchoring effect that prevents the coating from dissolving and peeling off after soaking. The doping of Fe3+ broadened the photoresponse range and maintained the long-lasting superhydrophilicity. Tests showed that the 2 mol % Fe3+-doped TiO2 coating with nanostructures exhibited the highest transparency, longest-lasting superhydrophilicity, and antifogging properties. Furthermore, the coating provided excellent self-cleaning properties, as well as mechanical and chemical stability.

Ultra-thin dual color rendering mechanism structural coloration film with freeze-resistant and self-cleaning properties

Ultra-thin dual color rendering mechanism structural coloration film with freeze-resistant and self-cleaning properties

Sea urchin-like Fe3O4 hollow microspheres/fatty amines composites phase change materials for highly efficient light-to-thermal conversion and heat storage

Pure phase change materials (PCMs) have limited photothermal conversion capabilities. To improve the photothermal conversion capability of PCMs, we developed composite phase change materials (FHS@PCMs) of sea urchin-like Fe3O4 hollow spheres (FHS) loaded with fatty amines (hexadecylamine (HDA) and octadecylamine (ODA)). The material composition and the surface nano-raised structure of FHS enable FHS@PCMs to exhibit excellent light absorption (up to 90 %, without any additional modification) and thermal conductivity. Moreover, the internal hollow spherical structure would prevent the leakage of PCM during the phase change process. Interestingly, FHS and FHS@PCMs exhibit inherent superhydrophobic properties with a water contact angle greater than 150°, thus endowing them with self-cleaning properties. FHS possesses strong magnetic properties that aid in material collection. Furthermore, the prepared FHS@PCMs exhibited exceptional thermal properties. The latent heat of FHS@HDA and FHS@ODA was 139.21 J∙g−1 and 140.13 J∙g−1, respectively. Additionally, FHS@PCMs maintained their excellent thermal properties even after 50 and 100 thermal cycles. Under one solar radiation, FHS@PCMs show a photothermal conversion efficiency of 89.63 % and 88.02 %, respectively. Taking of these advantages, the as-prepared composite phase change material may have significant potential in the fields of solar energy conversion and storage.

Multifunctional Smart Fabrics with Integration of Self-Cleaning, Energy Harvesting, and Thermal Management Properties.

Due to their good wearability, smart fabrics have gradually developed into one of the important components of multifunctional flexible electronics. Nevertheless, function integration is typically accomplished through the intricate stacking of diverse modules, which inevitably compromises comfort and elevates processing complexities. The integration of these discrete functional modules into a unified design for smart fabrics represents a superior solution. Here, we put forward a rational approach to functional integration for the typical challenges of thermal management, energy supply, and surface contamination in smart fabrics. This sandwich-structured multilayer fabric (MLF) is obtained by continuous electrospinning of two layer P(VDF-HFP) fabric and one layer P(VDF-HFP) fabric functionalized with core-shell SiO2/ZnO/ZIF-8 (SZZ) nanoparticles. Specifically, MLFs achieve effective and stable energy harvesting in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with hydrophobicity and antibacterial properties. Meanwhile, MLFs also have high mid-infrared emissivity and sunlight reflectivity, successfully realizing radiative cooling under different climates, and have been applied in wearing clothing, roof shading, and car covers. This work may contribute to the design and manufacturing of next-generation thermal comfort smart fabrics and wearable electronics, particularly in terms of the rational design of multifunctional devices.

Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Nano-Silica Modification for Antifog Application of Partition Glass

In this study, vinyl triethoxysilane (VTES), KH-560 and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) were used to modify the surface groups of commercially available nano-silica (SiO2, 50 nm), and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) was used as a film-forming agent. EVA/SiO2, EVA/V-SiO2, EVA/K-SiO2 and EVA/T-SiO2 coatings were prepared, respectively. The coatings were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG and contact angle. It was found that when the mass percentage of SiO2 was 66 wt%, the hydrophobicity performance of the coating could be significantly improved by silica modification. Compared to the EVA/SiO2, the water contact angle (WCA) of the EVA/V-SiO2, EVA/K-SiO2 and EVA/T-SiO2 were increased by 24.0%, 14.4% and 24.6%, respectively. The FTIR results indicated that VTES, KH-560 and TMCS could effectively replace the -OH groups on the surface of the SiO2 after hydrolysis, resulting in the presence of water transport groups on the SiO2 surface. The TG results certified that TMCS had the highest substitution rate (24.6%) for the -OH groups on the SiO2 surface after the hydrolysis. Additionally, the SEM results indicated that T-SiO2 was more easily dispersed in the EVA film-forming agent, leading to a uniform micro–nano surface rough structure, which aligned with the Cassie–Wenzel model. The durability test had demonstrated that the EVA/T-SiO2 maintained its hydrophobic properties even after enduring 40,000 drops of water and the impact of 200 g of sand. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent resistance to acid corrosion, along with superior self-cleaning properties and an anti-fog performance. It also provided outstanding protection against high temperatures and UV radiation for outdoor applications.

Application of nano-TiO2 and micro-ZnO on cementitious surfaces for self-cleaning façades by spray coating and dip coating: A comparative study

Building façades are constantly exposed to atmospheric pollution and various external agents that can degrade their aesthetic qualities and introduce degradation patterns that affect the durability and performance of the materials. Façades with self-cleaning properties are important in the modern construction industry and the conservation of historic buildings, as they reduce costs and allow the preservation of original surfaces without the need for invasive interventions that could compromise cultural heritage. This study does a comparative analysis of the application of photocatalytic coatings composed of aqueous dispersions of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂) and zinc oxide microparticles (ZnO) on cementitious substrates for use on façades by two functionalisation methods: spray coating and dip coating. A comprehensive characterisation was carried out using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to assess the morphology, crystal structure and light absorption properties of the photocatalyst particles while Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to evaluate the substrate. The self-cleaning performance was evaluated by monitoring the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under simulated sunlight. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to assess the colour coordinates using a standard colour system (CIELAB colour space). The results showed that the photocatalytic coatings improved the surfaces' self-cleaning properties while maintaining the substrate's original aesthetics. Spray-applied micro-ZnO-based coatings showed the most significant effectiveness in terms of self-cleaning.

Organic polymer composite with inorganic SiO2 particles for mechanical robustness and self-cleaning anti-reflective coatings

Anti-reflective coatings prepared from SiO2 nanoparticles have excellent anti-reflective properties, but the coating's poor mechanical properties and low self-cleaning performance limit its practical application. In this work, SiO2 nanoparticles were modified into hydrophobic particles using surface modification, and then organic polymer were added as a binder to formulate SiO2 sols, which were coated onto a glass substrate to form a anti-reflective coating. The coating can enable the glass substrate to achieve a transmittance of 99.1 % at 580 nm, and it can increase the average transmittance of the glass substrate from 89.6 % to 96.2 % in the 400–1100 nm band. In addition, the coatings prepared from hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles composite organic polymers have a water contact angle of 136°, resulting in good self-cleaning properties. The organic polymers can connect the SiO2 nanoparticles together, increasing the mechanical properties of the coating. This multifunctional anti-reflective coating with high transmittance, good mechanical properties and self-cleaning is beneficial in many applications, such as photovoltaic glass, architectural glass, displays and more.

A review on recent progress and techniques used for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings derived from biobased materials.

Superhydrophobic coatings with remarkable water repellence have emerged as an increasingly prominent field of research with the growth of the material engineering and coating industries. Superhydrophobic coatings address the requirements of several application areas with characteristics including corrosion resistance, drag reduction, anti-icing, anti-fogging, and self-cleaning properties. Furthermore, the range of applications for superhydrophobic coatings has been substantially broadened by the inclusion of key performance features such as flame retardancy, thermal insulation, resistance to water penetration, UV resistance, transparency, anti-reflection, and many more. Numerous research endeavours have been focused on biomimetic superhydrophobic materials because of their distinct surface wettability. To develop superhydrophobic coatings with a long lifespan, scientists have refined the processes of material preparation and selection. To accomplish water repellency, superhydrophobic coatings are usually fabricated using harmful fluorinated chemicals or synthetic polymers. Utilising materials derived from biomass offers a sustainable alternative that uses renewable resources in order to eliminate the consumption of these hazardous substances. This paper provides an insight of several researches reported on the construction of superhydrophobic coatings using biomass materials such as lignin, cellulose, chitosan and starch along with the techniques used for the constructing superhydrophobic coatings. This study is a useful resource that offers guidance on the selection of various biobased polymers for superhydrophobic coatings tailored to specific applications. The further part of the paper put a light on different application of superhydrophobic coatings employed in various disciplines and the future perspectives of the superhydrophobic coatings.

Optimizing drying time of lacquer-based MTCS-modified SiO2-TiO2 coatings for enhanced mechanical durability, superhydrophobicity and photocatalytic activity

This research successfully improved the mechanical durability of a superhydrophobic coating on wet lacquer. Methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) modified SiO2-TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were applied to a wet lacquer layer with various drying times using a simple spraying technique. The optimal coating exhibited superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 157° and a sliding angle of 2°. Additionally, the superhydrophobic surface could withstand over 100,000 water drops, 200 g of sand, and 40 tape-peeling repetitions, indicating high mechanical stability. Moreover, the superhydrophobic surface demonstrated photocatalytic activity by degrading methylene blue (MB) solution. The coating showed excellent adaptability to different substrates, including automotive body panels, with self-cleaning properties. This simple and effective strategy has potential for large-scale fabrication for practical applications in various industrial fields.

Nacre-inspired graphene oxide/polyethyleneimine-based ultra-thin heterogeneous superwetting membrane for highly stable separation of oil-in-water emulsions

Since the massive discharge of oily wastewater seriously affects both humans and natural development, the performance of conventional membrane materials in terms of interfacial stability and antifouling in the treatment of surfactant-containing emulsified oily wastewater is a major challenge. In this work, a novel nacre-inspired graphene oxide/polyethyleneimine-based ultra-thin chemically heterogeneous superwetting membrane was fabricated through vacuum-assisted self-assembly and post-modification methods for oil-in-water emulsion separation. The nacre-inspired heterogeneous membrane exhibited superhydrophilicity, underwater superoleophobicity (underwater oil contact angle was 157.7°), excellent crude oil adhesion resistance, high acid/alkaline stability, outstanding salt resistance, and good mechanical properties (Young’s modulus 1391.7 MPa). The heterogeneous membranes showed separation efficiencies of more than 99.9 % for a range of oil-in-water emulsions. The high-value membranes could achieve the permeances of 917–1256 L m−2h−1 bar−1 for pure water and 339.7–577 L m−2h−1 bar−1 for emulsion through a dead-end filter device, with the optimal long-term stable permeance only decreasing by 30.0 % compared to the initial value. After six test cycles, the membrane’s antifouling and self-cleaning properties were enhanced by constructing heterogeneous superwetting properties, and the flux recovery rate remained at 96.5 %. All of these results indicated that this method provides new ideas for the design and fabrication of highly stable and antifouling membrane materials.

Photothermal superhydrophobic coating for concrete: Highly effective anti/deicing performance and corrosion resistance

Superhydrophobic concrete is an effective method to prevent corrosion of internal steel bar. However, existing superhydrophobic concrete is difficult to remove the ice on the superhydrophobic concrete surface. Here, we overcame this problem by developing a photothermal superhydrophobic coating for concrete, which obtained from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and further superhydrophobicity. This photothermal superhydrophobic coating showed the excellent superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning property, anti-fouling property, and the long anti-icing time. In addition, the ice on the coating would rapidly melt into the water which easily rolled off the surface under the irradiation of infrared light. This coating not only had the good chemical durability and mechanical durability, but also had the corrosion resistance performance. This work will enrich superhydrophobic concrete technology and promote the application of superhydrophobic concrete in practical building.

An Anchored Fe-Cu LDH onto a Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with Strong Peroxymonosulfate Activation-Induced Degradation of Methylene Blue and Self-Cleaning Property of Oil/Water Separation.

Developing a strong catalytic antifouling membrane to achieve efficient sewage purification has great potential for alleviating water crisis. In this work, we designed and prepared an Fe/Cu-layered double hydroxide (Fe-Cu LDH)-coated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membrane (PVDF/Fe-Cu LDHs) with strong antifouling and activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalytic degradation performance through polydopamine-coordination anchoring and hydrothermal reaction. The results showed that abundant hydroxyl groups of the LDH surface endowed the superhydrophilicity (water contact angle <10°) and underwater superoleophobicity (underwater-oil contact angle >150°) of the membrane surface, which displayed outstanding resistance to crude oil adhesion. With assistance of the LDH surface-bound sulfate radical of the peroxymonosulfate system, the PVDF/Fe-Cu LDH membrane demonstrated robust catalytic degradation performance for the methylene blue (MB) in the dark; the degradation rate constant (k, min-1) reached 0.96. Meanwhile, facing the oily wastewater, the selective wettability and charge effect of LDH of the surface made the PVDF/Fe-Cu LDH membrane realize the separation for the various surfactant-free and surfactant-stabilized emulsions. Importantly, the PMS-activation catalytic produced the ROS (•SO4-,•OH, •O2-, and 1O2), which enhanced the regeneration of the fouled PVDF/Fe-Cu LDH membrane and obtained a high flux recovery ratio in the dark (94.7%) after 10 cycles of separation experiments. Hence, we believed that the PVDF/Fe-Cu LDH membrane can provide inspiration for the development and further practical application of antifouling membranes.

Yarn-Based Degradable Janus PPDO Fabric for Multifunctional Applications.

The growing high standard of people's wear has put forward requirements for fabrics, and multifunctional fabrics have been developed precisely in response to the requirements of the times. However, the incineration of waste fabrics produces a large amount of pollutants, resulting in a massive waste of resources and environmental pollution. Herein, the degradable nanofiber yarns (NYs) with self-cleaning properties were fabricated by in situ growth of SiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the electrospun poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) NYs using the Stöber method. Then, the PPDO NYs were blended with carbon fibers and the PPDO/SiO2 NYs with themselves to form the Janus PPDO fabrics, respectively. The Janus PPDO fabric offered asymmetric wettability and dual personal thermal management properties. The PPDO/C side of the Janus PPDO fabric provided 65.8 °C at 1.5 V or 58.5 °C under one sunlight intensity for radiative heating. The PPDO/SiO2 side exhibited high solar reflectivity (81.8%) and mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity (99.1%), which reduced the skin temperature by 4.6 °C, resulting in radiative cooling. Moreover, the Janus PPDO fabrics display an excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance (53.3 dB). Therefore, yarn-based degradable Janus fabric has a promising future in multifunctional wearable products.

Fabrication of flexible multifunctional graphene-based composite membrane with improved hydrophobicity and thermal conductivity characters for thermal management

The lifetime of electronic devices in complex environments is affected by the impact of high temperature water vapor on their performance. Equipping electronic devices with superhydrophobic properties and improved thermal conductivity will be the strategy of the future. In this paper, a surface material with high thermal conductivity and superhydrophobic properties is explored to address the problem of electronic device failure caused by heat and water vapor. To solve this problem, anti-temperature superhydrophobicity can be obtained by spraying alumina/nano-silicon carbide/thermoplastic elastomer composite powder (Al2O3/nano-SiC/SEBS) modified with 1 H,1 H,2 H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS) on graphene membranes. A spherical Al2O3/nano-SiC composite superhydrophobic coating (ASS-GM) was formed on the surface of graphene-based composite membranes by spraying method. The results showed that the optimal ratio was m(Al2O3): m(SiC) = 8:1, and the static water contact angle of the coating was 162 ± 2.5°, and the surface energy was reduced. The ASS-GM significantly improves the thermal conductivity and superhydrophobicity of graphene-based composite membranes, achieving a double improvement in performance. The coating also offers excellent self-cleaning and antifouling properties compared to other materials. The ASS-GM is able to maintain a certain hydrophobicity angle (156 ± 1.5°) in harsh environments. This work provides practical applications for electronic coatings, which are important for improving the overall reliability and durability of electronic products.

A surfactant-mediated dynamic protection strategy for 100% waterborne fabrication of durable superhydrophobic coatings

Waterborne preparation of superhydrophobic coatings now becomes strongly favored because of its environmental and health friendliness. However, the huge surface energy difference between low surface-energy components and water still poses a challenge for achieving their co-dispersion. Here, a surfactant-mediated protection strategy is proposed to achieve well dispersion of both SiO2 nanoparticles and perfluorosilane in water as well as block their conjugation, thereby fabricating a 100% waterborne F-FC-SiO2 suspension with high homogeneity and dispersion stability. During the painting and drying process, demulsification spontaneously triggers the deprotection and enables sufficient covalent conjugation between perfluorosilane and SiO2, thus achieving a superhydrophobic coating. This supramolecular protection/deprotection approach enables high compatibility of the F-FC-SiO2 suspension with versatile waterborne polymer emulsions (e.g., waterborne polyurethane, waterborne polysiloxane, and waterborne epoxy resin) to fabricate durable superhydrophobic coatings. The resulting composite coating can impart super-repellency to various substrates against aqueous solutions and multiple oils, displaying high antifouling and self-cleaning properties, as well as resistance to extreme mechanical abrasion and weathering. This work provides a promising approach for the convenient production of totally waterborne superhydrophobic coatings.

COFs functionalized self-cleaning loose nanofiltration membranes for efficient dye/salt separation

In spite of the fact that loose nanofiltration membrane (LNFM) technology has certified inspiring prospects in the remediation of dyestuff-comprising wastewater, omnipresent membrane fouling deteriorates its separation competence and hinders its practical application. Herein, a neoteric LNFM with finely tuned anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties was manufactured via the reformative phase inversion procedure integrated with the correctional interfacial polymerization process. By altering the casting solution (i.e., adding nano additives) and coagulation bath (i.e., applying melamine aqueous solution rather than pure water) recipes, the porphyrin-based covalent organic framework (COF-366) and melamine monomers were introduced into the polymeric matrix ingeniously in one step, participating the subsequent interfacial polymerization reaction straightly. The COF-366 with photocatalytic degradation performance and hydrophilicity bestows the resultant LNFM with superior decomposing capacity for organic micro-pollutants under visible light irradiation and better operation durability. Moreover, this substrate-confined amine diffusion combined with the high polarity of melamine enables the formation of a thinner nanofilm for easy mass transport. The best-performing LNFM invented in this work exhibited a high water permeance up to 65 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, excellent dye retention (95.7 % against methyl blue), and salt/dye discrimination (27.1 for methyl blue and Na2SO4 selectivity) abilities. Eventually, the membrane could recover to original separation efficacy after the cyclic degradation testing. Overall, this work demonstrates an extensive perspective to pioneer an advanced self-cleaning membrane for dye/salt fractionation.

Synergetic integration of photothermal and self-cleaning features in a composite phase change material based on layered double hydroxides and polypyrrole

Composite phase change materials (PCMs) with photothermal functionality play a crucial role in efficiently storing and utilizing solar energy. However, the challenge of effectively removing of contaminants on photothermal conversion coatings has long puzzled researchers. In this study, we propose a novel approach to enhancing both photothermal conversion performance and self-cleaning properties of wood-based composite phase change materials, ultimately facilitating the sustainable and effective utilization of solar energy. The method utilized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a precursor to form rough layered double hydroxides (LDH) on the wood surface through hydrolysis-induced exchange. Subsequently, polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited through vapor phase onto the LDH, and paraffin wax (PW) is utilized as the phase change material to prepare a novel composite phase change material. This modified wood structure facilitates leak-proof PW encapsulation and effective heat storage (167.6 J/g). PPy acts as a proficient photothermal converter and improves the composite material's heat transfer efficiency by establishing thermal conduction pathways, resulting in an 87.4 % enhancement in thermal conductivity compared to pure PW. The rough surface of LDH promotes multiple light reflections and scattering within the material, leading to increased light absorption by the PPy coating and achieving a photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 96.4 %. Furthermore, the high roughness of the LDH layer combined with the low surface energy of PW imparts superhydrophobic self-cleaning properties to the material, ensuring sustained effectiveness of the photothermal conversion coating over time. This research presents a viable approach for maintaining the cleanliness and efficiency of solar energy systems.

Application of Low-Temperature Air Plasma for the Enhancement of Defense Fabric's Self-Cleaning Property.

Self-cleaning textiles have the potential to revolutionize the lives of people like military personnel and hikers who spend extended periods of time in the sun and have restricted access to washing facilities. This research aims to develop the self-cleaning capability of defense uniforms by utilizing air plasma treatment and applying TiO2 nanocoating. Following plasma treatment of differing durations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min, respectively), a pad-dry cure method was employed to apply a TiO2 coating to each sample, while keeping other processing parameters constant. SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet protection factor (UVPF), energy-dispersive X-rays, and a water contact angle test were performed in order to validate the air plasma-induced surface modification. There was a gradual escalation in the rate of TiO2 absorption with an extension of the plasma treatment duration. Afterward, the samples were stained with various organic and inorganic compounds, including oil, ink, soil, and coffee, and subsequently exposed to sunlight for a period of 6 h. The samples demonstrated an enhanced cleaning effectiveness with increasing quantities of TiO2. The reflectance value and visual assessment of washed sample showed a reduced yet still present self-cleaning characteristic. The UVPF of the samples increased gradually as the duration of plasma treatment increased due to the UV absorption properties of TiO2, as validated by measuring the band gap energy.

Guandong-candy-inspired electrolessly welded composite polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with self-cleaning and recyclable properties for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation

Guandong-candy-inspired electrolessly welded composite polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with self-cleaning and recyclable properties for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation

Characteristics of natural corn starch/waste paper fiber composite foams treated by organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic coating technology.

With the growing global awareness of environmental protection, the demand for biodegradable materials to replace traditional plastic foam has become increasingly urgent. Starch-based foam, with its abundant availability, low cost, and biodegradability, has shown great potential as an alternative to plastic foam. However, its inherent high hydrophilicity and relatively low mechanical performance limit its widespread application. The aim of this study is to modify corn starch (NCS) and waste paper fiber (WPF) using citric acid (CA) and stearic acid (SA), and to develop an efficient hydrophobic coating through an organic-inorganic hybrid approach. This successfully resulted in the preparation of hydrophobic corn starch/waste paper fiber composite foam materials. Experimental results showed that the foam materials treated with a palmitic acid (PA)-modified nano-SiO2 coating (MCF@PA) exhibited excellent hydrophobic performance, with a water contact angle reaching as high as 138°, and a significant reduction in moisture absorption to 3.1%. In water immersion tests, the material maintained buoyancy and shape stability, demonstrating excellent self-cleaning properties. Additionally, the coating significantly enhanced the material's compressive strength, increasing by 90kPa, while also retaining thermal stability. However, the coating prepared by this method increased the material's hardness and reduced its biodegradability, which poses challenges for environmental sustainability. This study provides a new approach for preparing high-strength foam materials with excellent hydrophobicity and mechanical performance, paving an economical and efficient pathway for industrial production.