Patient Self-care Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Development mHealth Apps on the Self-Care Ability of Patients with Ostomy.

Intestinal cancer, severe injury, and severe inflammation are most often treated with surgery, and an ostomy will be left in place after surgery[1]. An ostomy is a portion of the intestine that is surgically removed and pulled up to the abdominal wall, creating a temporary or permanent opening that serves as a pathway for intestinal waste to be discharged from the body, usually called a stoma. Stoma may be temporary (2 months to 6 months) or permanent. The goal for people with a stoma is to have the knowledge and ability to care for an ostomy to avoid peristomal moisture-associated skin damage. After patients return home, self-care knowledge and skills can help them adapt to the disease and maintain quality of life. Therefore, this study examined the effects of developing mobile Health applications on improving self-care knowledge and skills in patients who underwent ostomy surgery.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the caregiver self-efficacy in contributing to patient self-care scale in China

BackgroundCaregiver self-efficacy is crucial in improving patient outcomes and caregiver well-being, but there is a lack of suitable scales to assess this concept within the context of Chinese culture. This study aimed to cross-culturally translate the Caregiver Self-Efficacy in Contributing to Patient Self-Care (CSE-CSC) Scale and evaluate its psychometric properties using classical test theory and item response theory.MethodsThe CSE-CSC scale was adapted using Brislin’s translation model after obtaining authorization from the original author. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of this scale. Classical test theory was used to evaluate reliability (internal consistency, test-retest reliability), validity (content validity, structural validity, convergent validity), and floor and ceiling effects. Item response theory was employed to assess the fit of the rating scale model, reliability, item difficulties, and measurement invariance.ResultsThe translation and cultural adaptation process was completed. Classical test theory demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.935) and test-retest reliability (ICC from 0.784 to 0.829, p<0.001). The I-CVI and K* of each item ranged from 0.875 to 1.00 and 0.871 to 1.00. The first-order 2-factor model fit well (χ2/df = 3.71, RMSEA = 0.082, SRMR = 0.032, CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.60). Convergent validity showed that the CSE-CSC scores had a strong positive correlation with three separate scales of the CC-SC-CII. There was no floor and ceiling effect in this scale. Rasch analysis showed that the CSE-CSC scale demonstrated a good fit to the rating scale model and exhibited excellent reliability (person/item separation index>2, person/item reliability coefficients>0.8). The Wright map showed that item difficulty matched the respondents’ measured abilities. The analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) showed that all items were comparable in gender.ConclusionsThis study indicated that the CSE-CSC scale had good reliability, validity, difficulty degree, and measurement invariance. The CSE-CSC scale can be used to measure caregiver self-efficacy of Chinese patients with multiple chronic conditions.

Assessing the information needs of patients implanted with a left ventricular assist device via analysis of social media forums

Abstract Background Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) serve as a feasible treatment alternative for patients with end-stage heart failure who do not respond sufficiently to maximal medical therapy. An increasing number of individuals with end-stage heart failure, both pre- and post-LVAD implantation, are utilizing social media to find medical information and peer support. Purpose The objective of this study was to identify unmet education and information needs of patients with LVAD through social media interactions. Methods In this research, information was gathered from the forum section of the website MyLVAD.com through an automated extraction technique. We conducted an anonymous collection and analysis of a dataset from MyLVAD.com, which comprised 459 forum threads and 3886 messages across the entire forum, contributed by 945 unique users. To establish a matrix addressing existing information and educational needs, we examined 867 posts and conversations that contained questions and inquiries, ultimately identifying a total of 435 concrete questions. A series of categorization matrices were developed and updated to facilitate the discovery of new categories. Results Numerous information gaps and unanswered questions were discovered in relation to the following areas: clothing, complications/adverse events, LVAD pros and cons, self-care, therapy, and recent LVAD implantation. Among the 435 questions, 216 (49.7%) questions had a primary focus on self-care for patients with LVAD, including subjects such managing the driveline site, understanding equipment functionality, and adapting lifestyle habits to ensure safety and health while living with an LVAD. Two other major question categories emerged: those regarding complications/adverse effects, comprising 80 questions (18.4%), and those discussing the pros and cons of LVAD, with 67 questions, accounting for 15.4%. Conclusion The social media data retrieved from MyLVAD.com is the first to be used to assess the unmet needs and knowledge gaps among patients implanted with LVAD and develop categories to describe LVAD patient knowledge and information needs. Unlike investigator-generated data, social media data reflect the natural and organic conversation between patients, untainted by investigator agendas or biases. Social media data can enhance our understanding of patient information deficiencies. This can lead to the creation of materials specifically aimed at fulfilling unaddressed educational requirements.Unmet LVAD patients information needs

Enhancing self-care in elderly patients: the impact of WhatsApp reminder messages at the Heart and Vascular Center

The importance of reminder messages lies in improving self-care among heart disease patients. At the Heart and Vascular Center, many patients, both those under ongoing care and those recently treated, do not consistently engage in self-care activities. Reminder messages can encourage adherence to medication regimens. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of WhatsApp reminder messages on the self-care of elderly patients at the Heart and Vascular Center. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pre- and post-test control design. Using a probability sampling technique with simple random sampling, the study required 16 new patients in each group. The instrument used was the Self-Care Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) questionnaire, consisting of 22 questions. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results indicated that WhatsApp reminder messages are effective in enhancing patient self-care at the Heart and Vascular Center at Premier Hospital Surabaya (p-value&lt;0.001). The Mann-Whitney test results post-intervention showed a p-value of 0.013, confirming the effectiveness of WhatsApp reminder messages in improving self-care among patients. This study demonstrated a significant positive influence of WhatsApp reminder messages on the self-care of elderly patients at the Heart and Vascular Center. These messages are an effective tool for improving patient self-care practices at Premier Hospital Surabaya.

Prehabilitation Consultation on Self-Care and Physical Exercise in Patients Diagnosed with Abdominopelvic Cancer: Protocol of the Study.

Introduction: Prehabilitation in the field of oncology has been defined as "the process in the continuum of care that occurs between diagnosis and the start of treatment involving physical and psychological measures that determine the patient's baseline functional status." To determine the effectiveness of a Prehabilitation consultation on self-care and targeted physical exercise for patients diagnosed with abdominopelvic cancer. An observational study that will evaluate the pre-post efficacy of an ad-hoc designed Prehabilitation intervention. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with colon or gynecological cancer with a surgical indication as part of their therapeutic plan from the General Surgery Services. It is configured around four key interventions: (a) health education and self-care, (b) specific nutritional counseling, (c) initial psychological assessment, and (d) directed physical exercise intervention. Health education, self-care interventions, and physical exercise will be carried out weekly from diagnosis to the scheduled surgery day. Aspects such as self-care capacity or agency, perioperative anxiety, aerobic capacity, strength and flexibility, postoperative complications, and recovery time to adjuvant treatment will be measured using tools such as Appraisal of self-care agency scale (ASA), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), walking test, sit and Reach, Hand Grip or Squad Jump. Utilizing validated tools for analyzing selected variables will contribute to refining and expanding care guidelines, ultimately enhancing support for both patients and their caregivers.

Nursing Agency in Improving Self Care Activities in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Nurses are important role in motivating diabetes mellitus patients to be willing and able to carry out self-care independently at home to achieve good blood sugar control, prevent complications and improve quality of life. This research contributes to determining the development of self-care in diabetes mellitus patients and determine the role of nurses in providing a supportive education system, while the specific target to be achieved in this research is changes in good self-care for diabetes mellitus patients so that it can improve the quality of life and to encourage nurses to provide independent nursing care with a supportive education system to diabetes mellitus patients. This research method used quasi-experimental research design with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The population in this study was 32 respondents of diabetes mellitus patients at the Banyuurip health center. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling technique, namely sampling based on certain criteria. This research will be carried out at the Banyuurip Community Health Center, Purworejo Regency. The results of the paired t-test statistical analysis showed : p Value 0.000 &lt; 0.05, which shows that there is an influence of nursing agencies in increasing self-care activities for diabetes mellitus patients. Conclutions that Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires special independent management behavior throughout life. Through a good self-care approach, patients can improve blood sugar control and reduce the risk of future complications. Therefore, the role of health workers to provide education and support patients to improve self-care behavior is very important.

Clinical effect of nursing methods integrating health belief models on self-care of maintenance hemodialysis patients: A retrospective study.

This study aimed to explore the clinical effectiveness of nursing methods that incorporate health belief models on the self-care practices of maintenance hemodialysis patients. The objective was to enhance patients' health beliefs, strengthen their healthy behaviors and habits, improve their unhealthy daily behaviors, and provide robust theoretical and practical foundations for future nursing practices in this area. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 hemodialysis patients from our hospital, from January 2019 to February 2023. The participants were divided into 2 groups: a control group (N = 75) using routine nursing methods, and an experimental group (N = 75) using methods integrated with health belief models. Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic and baseline clinical characteristics such as gender, marital status, age, education level, total scores of self-care ability, and dialysis duration, with no significant differences observed (P > .05). Data collection tools included a general information questionnaire and a self-care ability scale, and clinical effectiveness was measured through specific indicators such as parathyroid hormone, blood phosphorus, urea, potassium, calcium, and IWGR%. Post-intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in self-care capabilities across various dimensions and most clinical indicators compared to the control group, with the exception of parathyroid hormone and blood urea levels. The study concludes that integrating health belief models into nursing practices significantly enhances the self-care abilities of maintenance hemodialysis patients, improves several clinical parameters, and holds promise for fostering better patient outcomes and guiding future clinical nursing practices.

Intrathecal Baclofen Infusion-Botulinum Toxin Combined Treatment Efficacy in the Management of Spasticity due to Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of permanent, but not unchanging, disorders of movement and/or posture and motor function, which are due to a non-progressive interference, lesion, or abnormality of the developing/immature brain. One clinical presentation is muscle spasticity, which leads to a significant impact on the individual's functionality and quality of life. Spasticity treatment is multidisciplinary and includes pharmacological and physical intervention; intrathecal baclofen shows a positive effect in severe spasticity and suboptimal response to oral drugs, while local injection of Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) improves muscle tone, motion and pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combined intrathecal baclofen infusion (ITB) - botulinum toxin treatment in the management of spasticity in CP. 8 patients with spastic tetraparesis were enrolled. All patients were treated with intrathecal Baclofen; in lower limbs, no spastic symptoms appeared, while marked spasticity was noted in upper limbs. We injected the right and left Biceps Brachial (BB) and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) muscles with botulinum toxin type A. All patients underwent Myometric measurement, Ashworth Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, and Visual Analogic Scale evaluation before infiltration (T0), 30 days after injection (T1), 60 days after injection (T2), and 90 days after treatment (T3). All data demonstrated an improvement in spasticity, pain, quality of life, and self-care during the study, with p < 0.05. No side effects appeared. This study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of intrathecal baclofen infusion and botulinum toxin combined treatment in the management of spasticity, pain, quality of life, and selfcare in CP patients.

Diabetes Self-Efficacy on Glycemic Control and Well-Being of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Diabetes mellitus is a major, chronic, and progressive lifestyle disease. It adversely affects patients' quality of life, effectiveness, and well-being. Self-care practices are universally recognized as imperative to keep the illness under control and prevent complications. Self-efficacy is one of the factors involved in the successful self-care of diabetic patients. The primary objective of the study was to estimate the proportion of diabetes self-efficacy and to assess the correlation ofdiabetes self-efficacy with glycemic control, and the well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The secondary objective was to assess the factors associated with diabetes self-efficacy. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients attending the non-communicable disease clinic in the outreach centers of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Four hundred patients with T2DM were included in the study.Diabetes self-efficacy was assessed by the Stanford Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scaleand the WHO-5 index scale was used to assess wellbeing. Glycemic control was determinedby HbA1C estimation, with ≤7% as good control. Among 400 patients with T2DM, 51.25 % (95% CI: 46.2-56.2) had high diabetes self-efficacy. A significantly negative correlation was found between HbA1C and self-efficacy (r =- 0.208, p = 0.01), and a positive correlation was shown between well-being and self-efficacy (r = 0.418, p = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis found that factors associated with diabetes self-efficacy were upper socioeconomic status (OR = 8.53, 95% CI: 3.06-13.82), family support (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.10-3.54), participation in diabetes education classes (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.10-3.54), diet compliance (OR = 4.74, 95% CI: 2.80-8.01), glycemic control (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.01-2.84), and overall wellbeing (OR = 6.7, 95% CI: 3.84-11.64). The proportion of high diabetes self-efficacy was 51.25% (95% CI: 46.2-56.2). The factors associated with diabetes self-efficacy were family support, participation in diabetes education classes, high socioeconomic status, absence of complications, good glycemic control, and well-being. The study findings depicted that high self-efficacy was significantly correlated with good glycemic control and well-being of patients with T2DM.

A mobile-based self-care application for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A protocol for design, implementation, and evaluation.

Education and providing self-care skills are essential for patients with chronic respiratory disease. Today, the use of information and communication technologies has provided many opportunities for facilitating self-care in chronic patients. In this regard, the attention of researchers has been shifted toward the design and use of mobile phone-based technologies for self-care purposes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, a protocol is proposed for the design, implementation, and evaluation of a mobile-based self-care application for patients with COPD. The design science approach will be used in the design, implementation, and evaluation of the self-care application. This solution-oriented paradigm goes beyond the level of description and explanation and takes steps toward problem-solving. One of the most common models of design science is the waterfall model of information technology development. The seven consecutive stages of the waterfall model include preliminary analysis, system analysis, design, programming, testing, implementation, and maintenance/modification. The present protocol is the first to design, implement, and evaluate a mobile-based self-care application for patients with COPD in Iran. The integration of new technologies for the self-care education of COPD patients is considered an innovative strategy. This application is designed based on the self-care needs of COPD patients, which will ultimately promote the self-care activities of patients.

Patients' Knowledge and Self-care Practice regarding Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Patients' Knowledge and Self-care Practice regarding Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Generic and disease-specific caregiver contribution to self-care in a population with multiple chronic conditions: A comparative study.

Describe and compare generic and disease-specific caregiver contribution (CC) to self-care behaviours in the dimensions of self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring and self-care management in multiple chronic conditions (MCCs). Multicentre cross-sectional study. We enrolled caregivers of patients with MCC, from April 2017 to November 2022, if they were (a) 18 years of age or older and (b) identified by the patient as the principal unpaid informal caregiver. The Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index, Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of COPD Inventory and Caregiver Contribution to Self-care of Diabetes Inventory were used to measure generic and disease-specific contribution to patient self-care. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used. We found adequate generic CC for self-care monitoring but inadequate CC in self-care maintenance and management. All CC to disease-specific self-care maintenance, monitoring and management scales' scores were inadequate, except for caregivers of diabetic patients in which we observed an adequate score in the CC to self-care maintenance and self-care management scales in those practice insulin therapy. Caregivers experience difficulties in performing behaviours of contribution to their patients affected by chronic conditions. Caregivers of patients with MCCs contribute more to self-care in aspects related to provider prescriptions and less to lifestyle changes. Healthcare professionals have to know in which behaviours caregivers show gaps and reflect on the reasons for poor CC to self-care to develop interventions to enhance these behaviours. This study underlines the importance of choosing the most appropriate instrument for measuring CC to self-care, considering the caregiver's characteristics. We adhered to STROBE guidelines. Caregivers of patients affected by MCCs were enrolled.

An intelligent Health Monitoring System for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease based on Internet of Things

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important cause of global mortality. These patients are in dire need of treatments to maintain lung function and reduce consecutive visits and hospital stays. IoT acts as a specialized assistant in healthcare, providing a wide range of potential applications such as remote monitoring. Therefore, this study has been compiled with the aim of designing a care system based on the Internet of Things for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this project, we designed a system for monitoring chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using an Arduino board and embedding three air quality sensors, heart rate and pulse oximetry, temperature sensor and Bluetooth module, and then implemented it on a patient with obstructive pulmonary disease. . The information obtained from the sensors is sent via Bluetooth to the mobile application that has the ability to share and store information and informs the doctor and the person about the changes. By using the pulse oximetry sensor, the patient increases the monitoring and part of his pulmonary rehabilitation, and by using the temperature and air quality sensor, he identifies the undesirable and harmful air and by informing the doctor and the person, he prevents the exacerbation of the symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This system increases the rehabilitation and self-care of patients, and by providing suitable environmental conditions, prevents unnecessary medical interventions and consecutive visits, and increases the quality of life of patients and reduces costs.

Self-care behaviors and their individual-level determinants in Italian adults with Marfan syndrome: A single-center cross-sectional study

AimThis study aimed to describe the levels of self-care behaviors and self-care self-efficacy in patients with Marfan syndrome and to identify the individual-level determinants of self-care behaviors. BackgroundThe behaviors aimed at maintaining health stability (self-care maintenance), monitoring signs and symptoms (self-care monitoring), and taking action when signs and symptoms occur (self-care management) are key aspects of the care for addressing the complexity of care of patients with Marfan syndrome. However, the description of self-care behaviors and their determinants in patients with Marfan syndrome are highly under-described. MethodsThe adopted design was descriptive observational with a cross-sectional data collection on 111 patients with MFS in a single Italian specialized and reference center for this disease between 2020 and 2021. ResultsPerforming healthy activities and managing illness, therapies, and follow-ups to maintain health over time (self-care maintenance) was almost adequate (mean score = 67.87 ± 13.17), as well as the ability to recognize signs and symptoms promptly (self-care monitoring, mean score = 67.95 ± 26.70). The ability to respond to symptoms when they occur (self-care management, mean score = 54.17 ± 19.94) was sub-optimal. The stronger positive predictor of each self-care behavior was self-care self-efficacy. ConclusionsThis study suggested prioritizing educational activities focused on enhancing self-care management in patients with Marfan syndrome and strengthening their self-care self-efficacy. Researchers should develop and validate evidence-based educational approaches to enhance self-care in patients with Marfan syndrome, and clinical nurses should strengthen their focused educational activities to improve the self-care management of these patients.

The effectiveness of social media-based microlearning in improving knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors among adult patients with type 2 diabetes: an educational intervention

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social media-based microlearning (SMBM) on enhancing the knowledge, self-care, and self-efficacy behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving care at a hospital-based diabetes clinic in Zahedan, Iran.MethodsThis intervention study was conducted from September 2021 to the end of 2022, with an intervention group (SMBM) and a control group (conventional-based training) consisting of patients with T2D. A total of 80 eligible patients were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 40) or the control group (n = 40). The knowledge level, self-care, and self-efficacy of the samples were assessed before and two weeks after the educational intervention. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24, and independent and paired T-tests were used for analysis.ResultsThe results of the study revealed that after the intervention, the levels of knowledge, self-care, and self-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p-value < 0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, the SMBM appears to be an effective tool for improving self-efficacy, self-care, and knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Self-Care of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Compliance with Diet Nutrition and Fluids

Background: Hemodialysis accompanied by proper management of nutritional and fluid diet is very important, as excessive fluid intake can worsen the condition of patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of research to know about Self Care of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Compliance with Diet Nutrition and Fluids Methods: This study is a quantitative study, this type of research is descriptive that describes self-care in hemodialysis patients in adherence to nutritional and fluid diets. This study uses a cross sectional design. This design looks at the picture of self-care, nutrient and fluid diet compliance. Sampling in this study used purposive sampling. A total sample of 118 respondents. Results: Most of the patients in the category of non-compliance with hemodialysis in the diet of nutrients and fluids from all questionnaire items (asmaul husna) were 81 respondents (68.6%). Conclusion: Patients can understand the importance of self-way, nutritional diet and high-quality health to improve health pasien. It is recommended to implement comprehensive educational programs for patients on the importance of adhering to dietary and fluid restrictions, as well as self-management techniques, to enhance their overall health outcomes.

Telehealth vs in-person education for enhancing self-care of ostomy patients (Self-Stoma): Protocol for a noninferiority, randomized, open-label, controlled trial.

Postoperative patients with ostomies experience significant changes in their lives as a result of the device implantation. Self-care is important to improve their health outcomes. Telehealth provides an opportunity to expand access to self-care education. This is a multicenter, non-inferiority randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the non-inferiority of a telehealth intervention to the standard in-person approach in improving self-care behaviors. Three hundred and eighty-four patients aged ≥ 18 years, with a recently placed ostomy, no stomal/peristomal complications, and documented cognitive integrity will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either a telehealth intervention (four remote educational sessions) or a standard educational approach (four in-person sessions) delivered in outpatient settings. Every session (remote and in-person) will occur on Days 25, 32, 40, and 60 after discharge. Follow-ups will occur 1, 3, and 6 months after the last intervention session. Primary outcome is self-care maintenance measured using the Ostomy Self-care Index (OSCI). Secondary outcomes include self-care monitoring, self-care management, self-efficacy (OSCI), quality of life (Stoma specific quality of Life), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), adjustment (Ostomy Adjustment Inventory-23), stomal and peristomal complication rates, healthcare services utilization, mobility, and number of working days lost. Analyses will be performed per intention-to-treat and per protocol. This study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the main center (registration number: 119/22). Following completion of the trial, dissemination meetings will be held to share the results of the study with the participants and the health-care team. Adoption of telehealth technologies for ostomy patients can improve service organization by ensuring better integration and continuity of care. If the remote intervention produces comparable effects to the in-person intervention, it would be wise to make telehealth education an alternative treatment for addressing the educational needs of uncomplicated postoperative ostomy patients. ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number: NCT05796544).

Development and Psychometric Testing of Scales of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-Care for Patients With Arteriovenous Fistula.

Background and Purpose: To validate the scales of knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-care for arteriovenous fistulas in renal patients on hemodialysis. Methods: A methodological study verified the evidence of validity based on the content, response processes, and internal structure of the scales. The content was evaluated by six judges, and the response processes were verified with six patients. In the evaluation of the internal structure, the scales were applied to 220 patients for exploratory factor analysis with evaluation of McDonald's omega adjustment and calculation indexes. Results: The scales explained variance and McDonald's omega values of 40.4%/0.896, 60.7%/0.843, and 36.9%/0.702 for the knowledge (19 items), attitude (4 items), and practice (8 items), respectively. Conclusions: The scale of attitude was valid after the analysis of the content evidence, response processes, and internal structure. The arteriovenous fistula self-care knowledge and practice scales explained less than 50% of the constructs. Therefore, it is recommended that new studies be conducted to validate scales of knowledge and practice of fistula self-care.

Factors Predicting Caregiver Contributions to Self-care in Patients with Heart Failure

Introduction Caregivers play an important role in contributing to self-care in patients with heart failure (HF). To date, knowledge regarding factors associated with caregiver contributions to self-care remains limited, particularly in Thai patients with HF. Objective This study aimed to 1) describe caregiver contributions to self-care, and 2) examine factors predicting caregiver contributions (self-care maintenance, symptom perception, self-care management) of patients with HF. Design This correlational predictive study was guided by a situation-specific theory of caregiver contributions to heart failure self-care. Methodology The study included 128 caregivers of patients with heart failure, who were purposively selected based on the following inclusion criteria: aged at least 18 years, unpaid for their caregiving tasks, and living with the patients who attended the heart failure clinic and general internal medicine clinic at an outpatient department of a super-tertiary hospital from April to August 2023. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and record forms, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression. Results The majority of the participants were female (75.78%), with an average age of 46.10 years (SD = 13.74). Caregiver contributions (CC) to symptom perception and self-care maintenance were found to be adequate, with means of 73.38 (SD = 14.83) and 72.72 (SD = 13.75), respectively. In contrast, self-care management was deemed inadequate, with a mean of 68.83 (SD = 16.56). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that health perception and self-efficacy together predicted CC for symptom perception, explaining 35.20% of the variance. Health perception, self-efficacy, and positive aspects of caregiving together predicted CC to self-care maintenance, explaining 31.50% of variance. Self-efficacy and comorbidities in patients together predicted CC to self-care management, explaining 21.20% of variance. While the status of caregivers to patients was not a statistically significant predictor of all three dimensions of CC to self-care in the patients with HF in this study. Recommendation The results of this study can be utilized to develop specific programs aimed at enhancing caregiver contributions to the self-care of patients with HF, particularly in promoting self-efficacy, positive aspects of caregiving, caregivers’ health perception, and managing the comorbidities of the patients.

Gambaran Self-Care Pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Pasca Kateterisasi Jantung

Coronary heart disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases throughout the world which results in high rates of mortality, morbidity and also has a financial impact. One of the main management for coronary heart disease patients is self-care. Several studies show that treatment outcomes for coronary heart patients are better in patients who engage in consistent self-care. Programs and guidelines regarding self-care for coronary heart patients have been proven to reduce rehospitalization rates. The results of other research show there is a link between a good quality of life and good self-care. The aim of this research is to determine the description of self-care for coronary heart patients after catheterization at the Integrated Heart Care Installation at Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital. This research uses a descriptive analytical design with a cross sectional approach using the SC-CHDI questionnaire. The total sample was 219 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The results of the study showed that 77,2% respondent have sufficient catagory, Self-Maintenance results for coronary heart patients at the Integrated Heart Care Installation at Prof. Dr. I. G. as many as 119 people (54,3%). Self-care-confidence was in the sufficient category, 195 respondents (89%) and the results of self-care management for coronary heart patients were in the sufficient category,115 respondents (52,5%). The description of self-care for coronary heart disease sufferers is influenced by respondent characteristics such as age, gender, education, occupation, and length of illness.