Selection Of Suitable Varieties Research Articles

Flavonoid Profiles in the Pulp of Different Lemon Cultivars and Their Antioxidant Activity Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.

Previous studies have indicated that there may be differences among the varieties of lemon flavonoids, but the details have not yet been made clear, which limits the comprehensive use of different cultivated lemon varieties. In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) were used to investigate the types and contents of flavonoids in the flesh of the main cultivated variety (Eureka) and five common lemon varieties, as well as their in vitro antioxidant activity. A total of 21 compounds were identified, five of which were common compounds. Among them, Verna, Lisbon, and Bearss each have characteristic components that can serve as potential criteria for variety identification. Each of the six varieties of lemon has strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of different lemon varieties is related to flavonoids. Therefore, Eureka and the other five varieties of lemon are good natural antioxidants, and the cultivation and industrial production of lemons should consider the needs and selection of suitable varieties.

THE INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE SOWING QUALITIES AND YIELD OF SPRING RAPESEED GRAIN IN THE CONDITIONS OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

Rapeseed plays a key role in various fields, including the food and feed industry, technical applications, as well as in agrotechnical and environmental terms. The diversity of agricultural production highlights the economic benefits and relevance of introducing new promising varieties and hybrids of oilseeds, including spring rapeseed. In this process, the research and selection of suitable varieties and hybrids plays a key role.The article is aimed at conducting a comparative analysis of varieties and hybrids of spring rapeseed through competitive variety testing in order to identify their productivity potential in the conditions of our region. The research process was based on two-year work within the framework of the Esil grain feed State Variety testing site. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks have been considered: studying the percentage of germination and seed safety, assessing the yield structure and productivity of various varieties and hybrids. The object of the study was varieties and hybrids of spring rapeseed.The research findings will be key to determining the most promising and economically profitable varieties and hybrids of spring rapeseed adapted to the conditions of our region.The conclusions contain estimated information on the most promising varieties and hybrids for cultivation in our region.

Economical Olive Cultivation by Selection of Suitable Variety in Pothwar Region of Pakistan

Olive (Olea europaea) is very popular for producing premium quality edible oil, though it is the main crop of the Mediterranean region, playing a pivotal role in the economies of those countries. Its cultivation is increasing in other countries, including Pakistan, due to its wide adoptability and easy propagation technology. The very wide genetic variability of the plant is a reason for its popularity. Olive varieties behave differently in different climatic zones of the world. Pakistan has adopted various varieties for their cultivation in different olive production pockets. These studies were conducted in the Centre of Excellence for Olive Research & Training (CEFORT), Chakwal, to prioritize suitable olive varieties for Pakistan's economical olive oil business. The highest yield (2652 Kg/acre), Net Profit/acre (Rs. 271386), Oil Recovery/acre (331.7652Ltr.), and Oil income (331765.2) was observed in BARI Zaitoon-I while Average Oil Recovery (13.48%), Total Expenditure /Acre (61335.01) was observed in Arbiquina olive variety. BARI Zaitoon-1, BARI Zaitoon-2, Arbequina, and Koroneiki proved most suitable for cultivation in sub-mountainous areas of Pakistan. These varieties are recommended for olive cultivation in the Pothwar region due to their growth behavior, olive oil content, and good economic return. The difference in the fruit ripening period among these varieties results in the prolonged supply of raw material to the olive oil extraction industry.

Performance Evaluation of Different Tomato Lines Grown Organically in Catarman, Camiguin, Philippines

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is considered an important crop, but local producers face difficulties in choosing the appropriate variety due to its diversity and ecological adaptability. In an effort to provide an alternative option of varieties and selection of suitable varieties, this research was conducted to evaluate the comparative performance of sixteen tomato varieties (11 AVRDC lines, five check varieties) at Tangaro, Catarman, Camiguin from January to April 2014 using randomized complete block design with three replications under field conditions. It was found out that plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvest, plant vigor, percent survival, fruit yield, number of fruits, fruit weight, marketable yield, and resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) showed significant differences among the various tomato varieties under trial except for the fruit size. Maximum plant height (65.30 cm) at 60DAT was recorded in T11 (AVTO 1002) followed by T8 (AVTO 1130). Most check varieties produced first flowers earlier compared to AVRDC lines, with T15 (CV4 M) at 20.67 days and consequently mature early by having its first harvest (56DAT) at least two days earlier except for T1 (AVTO 1009), T2 (AVTO 1003) and T3 (AVTO 9803). T12 (CV1 TD) exhibited a vigorous plant stand compared to AVRDC lines T2 (AVTO 1003) and T8 (AVTO 1130), which showed a weak stand at the first harvest. Checked varieties T12 (CV1 TD) has the highest percentage of survival, while T7 (AVTO 0101) and T10 (AVTO 9001) showed a percent plant survival statistically comparable to other check varieties. T14 (CV3 MF1) produced the most number of fruits, while T5 (AVTO 1004) produced the least. The highest computed yield per hectare was observed from T14 (CV3 MF1), while the lowest yield was computed from AVRDC line T9 (AVTO 1008). AVRDC lines T1 (AVTO 1009), T2 (AVTO 1003), and T3 (AVTO 9803) are most susceptible to TYLCV, while checked varieties were more resistant. Considering the overall performance, it was found out that the checked varieties performed well. AVRDC lines T10 (AVTO 9001) and T4 (AVTO 1173) were also promising for their growth and yield performance and resistance to TYLCV. However, the potential of these varieties is needed to be further tested for verification under different growing seasons to elicit substantial conclusions.

Selection of Suitable Varieties for Organic Rice Farming in the Central Plain Area of Korea

Selection of Suitable Varieties for Organic Rice Farming in the Central Plain Area of Korea

Knowledge Level of Farmers about Improved Production Technology of Onion Crops in Sikar District of Rajasthan

Knowledge about innovation may be an important factor affecting the adoption behaviour of farmers. The farmers who have more knowledge about newly developed technology also have more level of adoption of technology compared to those who have low knowledge. Therefore, present study was conducted to assess the knowledge level of the farmers on the improved production technology of onion in Sikar District of Rajasthan. The Sikar district consists of 9 blocks, out of which two panchayat samities namely Laxmangarh and Dhod were selected on the basis of large area coverage under onion crops. From each selected blocks, three villages were selected and 15 farmers were selected from each selected village randomly, thus making a total sample of 90 farmers. The selected respondents were interviewed personally with the help of a well structured and pre-tested interview schedule. The result reveals that the maximum of the respondents (65.56%) had medium level of overall knowledge, followed by 20.0 per cent of them had low level of knowledge and only 14.14 per cent of them had high level of overall knowledge about onion production technology. 70.74 per cent respondents had good knowledge about field preparation and hence this practice was ranked first. The second highest per cent of respondents 61.48 per cent were having knowledge about transplanting of nursery in main field which was given second rank. Only 25.0 per cent respondents had knowledge about selection of suitable variety which was ranked last because most of the respondents had minimum knowledge about this practice.

Roots and Tubers Research and Development Activities in Countries of the Caribbean Community with a Focus on Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) has prioritized roots and tuber crops as new pillars for enhancing food and nutrition security, agricultural and economic growth, reducing the high food import bill, generating employment, as well as reducing the incidence of non-communicable diseases. The cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) industry, though in its infancy, is recognized as having the potential for developing a wide range of value-added products, targeting existing and new markets. Over the past 15 years, the formation of a Regional Cassava Working Group, the establishment of the root crop tissue culture laboratory in St. Vincent and the Grenadines and the demonstration of new techniques in vegetative propagation and production, has led to increased productivity in CARICOM. The up-grade of farine production facilities and the selection of suitable varieties / accessions for making farine, has increased the production and consumption of the traditional cassava bread as well as the composite bread made from 40% grated cassava. The marketing of cassava value-added products, studies on cassava macro-economic impact analysis and cassava policy development are all efforts channeled towards the sustainability of the cassava industry (value chain). Studies of the effects of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions, time of planting and zones on productivity, have led to more effective production planning and taro (Colocasia esculenta) or dasheen research has added three more genotypes to the narrow gene pool. These achievements have bolstered food and nutrition security in CARICOM.

Evaluation of Grain Yield of Heat Stress Resilient Maize Hybrids in Nepal

Midhills, foot hills and river basin areas of are generally under spring maize cultivation. These areas along with the areas from Terai and Inner Terai where spring and early summer maize are grown are the most affected from heat stress. Identification and selection of suitable varieties and traits for high temperature tolerance is vital to produce heat resilient genotypes.With a view to identify high yielding heat stress resilient maize hybrids, genotypes received from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) were evaluated in alpha lattice design with two to three replications at Rampur, Nepalgunj and Surkhet in 2013/014, 2014/015 and 2015/016. Total 57 trials consisting of 7764 maize hyrbids were evaluated under heat stress conditions. At Nepalgunj and Surkhet, trials were planted in March/April. Out of the tested genotypes, 24 hybrids were found promising based on grain yield, plant and ear height. These 24 hybrids along with four National Maize Research Program (NMRP) developed and two multi-national companies’ hybrids as checks were tested in multilocation trials at Dumarwana, Nijgadh, Nawalparasi and Rampur in 2014/015. Out of these 24 hybrids, eight were selected and tested during 2015/016 in Dumarwana, Nijgadh, Nawalparasi, Anandapur and Rampur. Based on results combined over years and locations CAH-151 (8629 kg ha-1) and CAH-153 (8955 kg ha-1) were registered for general cultivation as Rampur Hybrid-8 and Rampur Hybrid-10, respectively. Other promising hybrids were CAH-1511 (8800 kg ha-1) followed by CAH-1515 (8678 kg ha-1), RML-95/RML-96 (8486 kg ha-1), CAH-1513 (8258 kg ha-1) and RML-86/RML-96 (7544 kg ha-1), respectively. Stability analysis revealed that CAH-151, CAH-153, CAH-1515, CAH-1511 and RML-95/RML-96 are stable hybrids having good performance.

Forecasting impact of climate change on potato productivity in West Bengal and adaptation strategies

The WOFOST crop growth simulation model was used to study the impact of climate change on potentialpotato productivity in West Bengal and also to devise management strategy to minimize the impact of climatechange through selection of suitable variety and shifting the date of planting. The study was carried out at 13locations in West Bengal. The simulation was done for baseline scenario and future climate scenario of 2020and 2055 for three potato cultivars, viz., Kufri Badshah (long duration), Kufri Jyoti (medium duration) and Kufri Pukhraj (short duration), for A1FI high emission scenario of temperature and CO2. Simulation revealed that although the increase in temperature is likely to reduce the yield by 8.8 to 10.1% in 2020 and 23.7 to 28.8% in2055, a corresponding increase in CO2 may increase the yields by 4.5 to 4.7% in 2020 and 19.2 to 20.5% in 2055. However, under the combined effect of CO2 and temperature, the highest decline of 6.1% in productivity of KufriPukhraj is expected followed by 5.9% in Kufri Jyoti and 5.1% Kufri Badshah in 2020, with corresponding figuresof 12.0, 10.5 and 8.8% in 2055. Results further revealed that the negative effect of climate change on potatoproductivity can be counter-balanced to some extent through change in date of planting and/or selection ofsuitable varieties, as it may bring down the reduction in yield from 5.7 to 1.5% in 2020 and 9.7 to 7.1% in 2055.

Selection of suitable variety for improving nutrient use and productivity of sugarcane

Agronomic traits and quality indices are closely related to patterns of nutrient uptake among different sugarcane varieties. Knowing the optimal nutrient needs of specific varieties could help growers provide adequate fertilizer while avoiding over-fertilization. Field trials on the variations of growth, uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and related quality indices among different new varieties of sugarcane were compared to the widely planted variety ROC 22, which was conducted in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in southern China. The results showed that the highest germination rate was observed in YT 55, and both the highest tillering rate and both the formative rate of stalk and millable canes were observed in BC 2–32, respectively. YT 55 had the highest cane yield (154.1 t/ha) and sugar yield (20.4 t/ha). The accumulation of N, P and K in YT 55 reached 290.5, 67.9 and 447.5 kg/ha, respectively, which was 1.6, 1.6 and 1.4-fold higher than observed in ROC 22. The nutrient use efficiency of nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium fertilizer (NPK) to produce cane and sugar in ROC 22 and YT 60 was superior among the tested varieties. The differences in cane and sugar yield, and nutrient utilization efficiencies among the investigated varieties point out the need for variety specific nutrient recommendations. This study also confirmed that distinct differences existed in the yield of both cane and sugar produced in different sugarcane varieties if more fertilizers are supplied to sugarcane during the tillering and elongation stage.

Jojoba research as basis for domestication of jojoba in Israel

This is a review of the many topics that were studied during the process of jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] domestication in Israel. All research was aimed at finding solutions to current and projected problems of crop development. The intensity of research varied, largely being conducted during 1978-1983 and again during 1992-1997. The topics covered here are: water and mineral relations of the crop, methods of propagation, flower bud dormancy, flowering, fruit set, fruit ripening and shedding of seeds, selection of suitable varieties, characterization of selected varieties in terms of yield potential as well as anatomical, physiological, and biochemical traits, and also a study of short- and long-term tolerance to salinity. This review does not include research done on the chemistry or application of jojoba oil in industry, nor on the marketing and economics of jojoba products.

Výběr vhodných odrůd pivovarských ječmenů.

Článek se zabývá otázkou vhodnosti sladovnických ječmenů a postupem při kontrole jakosti různých druhů ječmenů. Je zaměřen na zjištění předpokladů pro výrobu sladů schopných čelit zahraniční konkurenci.