Design Scheme Selection Research Articles

Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method Based on Aczel–Alsina T-Norm and T-Conorm Under Bipolar T-Spherical Fuzzy Information: Design Scheme Selection Application

Selecting optimal design solutions is inherently complex due to multiple criteria encompassing users’ uncertain needs, experiences, and costs. This process must manage uncertainty and ambiguity, making developing a scientific, rational, and efficient guidance method imperative. Bipolar T-spherical fuzzy sets (BTSFS), a hybrid of bipolar fuzzy sets and T-spherical fuzzy sets, effectively handle the bipolarity inherent in all elements. In this work, we propose a Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method based on BTSFS and the Aczel–Alsina T-norm (AATN) and T-conorm (AATCN) to address the problem of selecting conceptual design solutions. We first establish operational rules for BTSFS using AATN and AATCN and introduce weighted aggregation operators (BTSFAAWA) and geometric aggregation operators (BTSFAAWG) while examining fundamental properties, such as idempotency, boundedness, and monotonicity. Subsequently, we propose a two-stage BTSFS-based WASPAS method; criterion weights are calculated using the BTSFAAWA operator, and final rankings are obtained through comprehensive calculations using both the weighted sum method (WSM) based on BTSFAAWA and the weighted product method (WPM) based on BTSFAAWG. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our method through a case study of the selection of cultural and creative products. Sensitivity and comparative analyses are conducted to demonstrate the advantages of our approach.

Intelligent generation method of infection risk map and management system in hospital waiting room for respiratory infectious diseases

Respiratory infectious diseases, such as seasonal influenza, pose significant risks to public health safety through airborne transmission. This study aims to explore methods for controlling airborne infection risk in waiting rooms, a hotspot for cross-infection. A database of 990 samples was established by integrating the results of computational fluid dynamics and social force model simulations into the Wells-Riley equation. We introduced two indicators, Pr (Particle Removal Efficiency) and Hr (High-risk Area Ratio), to evaluate the cleanliness performance of waiting room spaces. Additionally, the Sci (Space Cleanliness Index) was proposed as a criterion for evaluating architectural designs and fine-tuning fresh air system operational parameters. We also unveiled the mapping relationship between spatial morphology parameters and ventilation design parameters in relation to the cleanliness performance of waiting rooms. An infection-risk prediction proxy model was established based on machine learning methods, suitable for rapid prediction of spatial infection risks in waiting rooms and optimization of fresh air system operational parameters. The findings can be applied to the selection of hospital design schemes and the optimization of ventilation operational control strategies, aiding in strengthening infectious disease control and reducing the public health safety risks of cross-infection from respiratory infections during peak seasons in hospitals.

Multi-objective optimization of building planning energy saving based on genetic algorithm

The construction industry itself has led to a large amount of energy consumption, and this paper is based on genetic algorithm to optimize the planning and design of rural buildings with energy saving and multi-objective. Firstly, the multi-objective optimization problem and Pareto concept are discussed, the NSGA-II algorithm is applied to solve the problem of building energy saving integrated optimization, and the algorithm implementation of building energy saving integrated optimization design based on NSGA-II algorithm is given. Use incremental costs and incremental benefits as objective functions and make relevant assumptions to keep the model realistic while simplifying calculations. Second, a series of constraint functions are set up to ensure the superiority of the results. By constructing model assumptions, objective functions and constraint functions, the energy-saving optimization model is formed and solved by genetic algorithm. From the optimization results, it can be seen that the energy consumption of all the design schemes in the Pareto solution set is between 25.0 KWh/m2∼31.7 KWh/m2. Therefore, in the selection of architectural planning and design schemes, we should avoid simply pursuing low energy consumption and high comfort, and also use comprehensive consideration of economic costs to choose the most cost-effective scheme.

Selection of Design Scheme for an Ultrahigh-Pressure Hydrostatic Extrusion Cylinder

In this study, the mechanical models of a multilayer combined extrusion cylinder and a steel-wire-winding extrusion cylinder were established and compared using a finite element simulation and existing experimental cases. This work provides theoretical support for the selection of an ultrahigh-pressure extrusion cylinder. Comparative analysis of an ultrahigh-pressure extrusion structure was carried out. The mathematical optimization model is established based on the mechanical model, and the ultimate bearing capacities of the schemes are compared. Additionally, the winding mode and the number of core layers of the extrusion cylinder are compared and analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for the parameter design of the steel-wire-winding ultrahigh-pressure extrusion cylinder. This work holds good theoretical significance and practical value for the promotion and application of ultrahigh-pressure hydrostatic extrusion technology.

Research on evaluation of emergency communication vehicle cabin’s internal environment design based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy information

The design of the emergency communication vehicle is centered around the overall layout, which is characterized by the fact that the vehicle chassis is mostly purchased parts and is equipped with an insulated and insulated box, mainly used for instrument operation and equipment placement. The emergency communication vehicle cabin environment includes: cabin seats; seat cover; control cabinet, including operation keyboard, display screen, etc; The ceiling and carpet that make up the interior space of the car; Storage box for storage equipment; tool cabinet; cabin control system facilities; Fire prevention and extinguishing facilities in the cabin; various handrails, coat racks, short ladders, lighting facilities, etc. inside the car. The design of emergency communication vehicle interior environment involves multiple disciplines, and the selection of design schemes requires scientific and reasonable evaluation methods to select reasonable schemes for optimization design. The evaluation of emergency communication vehicle cabin’s internal environment design is classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. In this article, based on bidirectional projection and grey relational projection measure, we shall propose some projection models with q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs). First of all, the definition of q-ROFSs is introduced. Furthermore, some projection models with q-ROFSs are proposed based on the bidirectional projection and grey relational projection model. Based on developed weighted projection models, the MADM model is established and all computing steps are simply depicted. Finally, a numerical example for evaluation of emergency communication vehicle cabin’s internal environment design is given to illustrate this new model and some comparisons are conducted to illustrate advantages of the new built method.

Review of research progress on key disposal techniques of pile foundation in karst area

It is necessary to study the key disposal technology of pile foundation in karst area during the development of pile foundation. In this paper, the development status of the key disposal technology of pile foundation was compared and analyzed from two aspects: the research progress of the comparison and selection of pile foundation design and construction scheme, the problems encountered in the construction of pile foundation in karst area and the research progress of treatment methods. The shortcomings and problems in the research of key disposal technology of pile foundation in karst area were studied, and the following conclusions were drawn: It is the priority among priorities to formulate scientific and quantitative reference basis for pile foundation construction scheme and convert engineering geology into data information. It is an important way to solve the problem of pile foundation construction in karst cave area to develop new piles and increase their adaptability to geological conditions. In the construction of pile foundation in karst area, the probability of accidents should be reduced as much as possible and the possible accidents should be stopped at the prevention stage. The research results provide technical support and scientific guidance for the calculation of bearing capacity of pile foundation and the key disposal technology in karst area.

An optimal selection method for exterior design schemes of subway trains based on multi-level gray relational analysis

To make appropriate decisions in the evaluation phase of the exterior design of subway trains, an optimal selection method was proposed based on multi-level gray relational analysis. The exterior design factors of subway trains were analyzed to construct an index system for design evaluation. The significance of each index was compared through an analytic hierarchy process. The correlation coefficient of each index in the plan was calculated through gray relational analysis to obtain the weighted correlation degree of each design scheme. The optimal selection of the exterior design of Guangzhou Metro Line 6 in China was considered as an example. Four types of subjects were recruited: professional designers, students majoring in design, subway train design experts, and subway passengers in Guangzhou. The weight of each index in the evaluation system was calculated using questionnaire scoring. Virtual simulation software was applied to evaluate the human factors related to each scheme. The indices in each plan were then scored to calculate the correlation coefficient and the overall correlation degree; and finally, the optimal selection was obtained. The results showed that it was practical to evaluate and optimize the exterior design of subway trains based on multi-level gray relational analysis. In the evaluation index system, the weights of technology, human factors, aesthetics, and culture were 0.517, 0.297, 0.099, and 0.087, respectively, which showed that technology had the greatest impact on the system, while human factors, aesthetics, and culture were useful complements. Our results showed that Design Scheme 1 was unsuitable as an optimization scheme due to the high escape window. Meanwhile, Design Scheme 2 was optimal overall, from a technical perspective. Design Scheme 3 was the best in terms of the escape window index (a human factor). Design Schemes 3 and 4 were optimally assessed from aesthetic and cultural perspectives. This study is conducive to the optimization of the exterior design of subway trains, can be used to inform design iteration, and provides a reference for the optimal selection of design schemes for other urban rail trains.

Some aggregation operators of credibility trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic values and their decision-making application in the selection of slope design schemes

Modern decision-making (DM) systems are becoming more and more complex and sophisticated in their demands for information expressions and credibility levels. In the existing literature, a trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic value (TFNV) that combines trapezoidal fuzzy numbers with neutrosophic values can be better depicted by truth, indeterminacy, and falsity membership functions. Unfortunately, TFNV implies its defect since it lacks a measure of credibility. To make TFNV more creditable, TFNV should be related to its credibility level. Regarding the motivation for combining TFNV with its credibility level, this paper first proposes the concept of a credibility TFNV (C-TFNV) as a new framework of TFNV associated with the measure of credibility. The advantage of its information expression is that C-TFNV has a more creditable ability to describe indeterminate and inconsistent knowledge and judgments of human beings by the mixed information of a TFNV and a related credibility level (an ordered pair of TFNVs). Next, we propose the operational laws of C-TFNVs and the score function of C-TFNV. Furthermore, we present a C-TFNV weighted arithmetic averaging (C-TFNVWAA) and a C-TFNV weighted geometric averaging (C-TFNVWGA) operators and their properties. Then, a multicriteria DM model based on the C-TFNVWAA and C-TFNVWGA operators and the score function is established in the case of C-TFNVs. Finally, an actual DM example of slope decision schemes is provided to show the applicability and efficiency of the established DM model in the case of C-TFNVs.

SINGLE BUILDING DESIGN OF NEW CAMPUS OF COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ANXIOUS AND DEPRESSED STUDENTS

BackgroundAs a campus building, the new campus of colleges and universities is more likely to become the representative of educational buildings because of its economic advantages, diversity of design methods, land use and plot ratio. Colleges and universities implement the advanced concepts of modern urban construction and higher education development, implement high starting point planning, and invite well-known experts at home and abroad to design single building schemes to highlight the characteristics of campus culture. The architectural design of the new campus is the main feature of campus modernization. It must be designed before any construction project starts. In order to solve the problem that the evaluation method of single building design scheme in the new campus of colleges and universities does not consider the influence of different financing results. There are still operational difficulties in determining indicators that cannot be measured by architectural style and social benefits. At the same time, the construction of university parks should also help alleviate students' anxiety and depression.Research Objects and MethodsOn the basis of qualitative index evaluation, the utility theory and projection method of multi-attribute decision-making using language variables are introduced. According to the evaluation data of more than 20 provinces and cities in China, the single scheme of new campus construction of colleges and universities is divided into overall target layer, macro target layer and micro target layer. According to the system evaluation index system, the macro objective layer is composed of four objectives: technical feasibility, economic feasibility, construction and environmental impact, as well as social, political and economic significance. The micro target layer is the subdivided macro target layer, as shown in Table 1. It includes 29 quantitative and qualitative indicators. The qualitative index is transformed into interval number, the financing effect is quantified by defining utility function, and the evaluation model of single building design scheme under the influence of different financing effects is established. At the same time, this study uses the emotional Self-evaluation Scale, which is used to evaluate one aspect of self-evaluation - self-confidence.ResultsIt is generally believed that self-confidence is a person's feeling of his ability or skills and a subjective evaluation of his ability to effectively cope with various environments. As a self-assessment tool, Pei does not cover as wide a range as some existing scales, such as Rosenberg's self-esteem scale. But it can estimate most problems in the field of self-confidence. The six most frequently mentioned dimensions are used as their subscales; Academic performance, sports, appearance, love relationships, social interactions and conversations with people. In addition to these subscales, there are also some items to evaluate the overall level of self-confidence and the state of mind that may affect the judgment of self-confidence. The selection of items is based on the following four criteria: high correlation between items and subscales, low correlation with other subscales, low correlation with Marlowe crown social expectation scale, and balance the items of positive tone narration and negative tone narration in each subscale. Except that the sports subscale includes 5 items, the other subscales have 7 items respectively, with a total of 54 items. They are scored at level 4, with a total score range of 54216. The higher the score, the higher the degree of self-confidence.ConclusionAccording to the model, different financing factors K are used to select the optimal design scheme. Finally, the operation process of the model is explained through empirical analysis, which provides a new comprehensive evaluation method for the selection of single building design scheme in the new campus of colleges and universities. The selection of single building design scheme in the new campus of colleges and universities should consider the possible impact on the construction scale, construction content, construction investment and other indicators on the premise of considering the influence of financing effect. In order to select the best financing effect design scheme, so as to reduce the investment risk brought by the financing effect to the construction of a single campus. This is a further improvement of the existing monomer design scheme comparison system. Through a comparative study of the impact of the construction of University Parks on the suicidal ideation of depressed students, this study found that the scientific design of university parks can improve the suicidal ideation of depressed patients, which can not only effectively improve the depression and suicidal attitude of patients, but also enable them to face difficulties and setbacks rationally and better adapt to the society, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Application of EDA Technology in Electronic Engineering Design

The rapid development of EDA technology makes it more and more widely used in modern electronic system design, 
 including IC design, circuit board wiring, function verification and simulation, and testing.Electronic engineering design is the core 
 course of cultivating electrical information majors, which helps cultivate students’ engineering ability, practical ability, innovative 
 consciousness, systematic thinking, etc. Through the application of EDA Technology in all links of course implementation, 
 including design scheme selection, unit circuit design and system debugging, the correctness and reliability of circuit design are 
 greatly improved, and the application ability of students’ electronic design software is greatly exercised.

Use of Digital Twins-Based Intelligent Navigation Visual Sensing Technology in Environmental Art Design of Scenic Spots

The study expects to solve the bottleneck problem in the field of intelligent navigation visual sensing and build a network system of information physics, to achieve a visual sensor which can correspond the depth and color of a scene. It aims to improve the robustness and accuracy of color recognition of color structured light in a complex environment. Based on the digital twins (DTs) technology, the effective transformation of logistics process and physical entity to quasi-real-time digital image is realized. The omnidirectional vision sensing technology of a single viewpoint and the panoramic color volume structured light generation technology of a single emission point are integrated. The new active 3D panoramic vision sensor is achieved for which makes the current visual sensing technology developed into the visual perception of body structure. This technology is adopted in the preliminary design of environmental art in the scenic spot, and it can predict the design feasibility of environmental art in the scenic spot, avoid mistakes in decision-making to a great extent and save human and material resources. And also it can analyze and predict some possible dangerous situations, which can greatly improve the environmental safety factor of the scenic spot. In the improvement stage of environmental art design in the scenic spot, using active 3D vision sensing technology can obtain more comprehensive information and is more conducive to the selection of design schemes.

Evaluation of automobile parts design scheme for intelligent manufacturing

Aiming at the selection of modern auto parts design schemes, an evaluation method of automobile parts design scheme for intelligent manufacturing is proposed. Considered the environment-friendly factors and traditional manufacturing factors, the evaluation index system of automobile parts design scheme was established, which taken technology, environment, economy and quality reliability as the first level evaluation index, and 12 second level indexes under the first level index. The game theory method was used to comprehensively consider the proportion of subjective and objective weights to determine the composite weight of each index. Aimed at the certainty and uncertainty of the evaluation index, the set pair analysis relative closeness method was used to calculate the composite weight and established the model. Three sets of automobile panel design schemes of a company were selected, and the mathematical model was used to calculate them. With the help of C language program, the advantages and disadvantages of the three design schemes were evaluated, and the optimal scheme was obtained. The calculation example proves that the method is true and effective, conforms to the background of modern intelligent manufacturing, and the calculation is simple, and has good feasibility and practicability.

Automated system for design and calculation of heating devices for hot die forging

Methods of mathematical modeling, basic technologies and methods of modeling in various design systems of the stamping process are considered. The canonical equations of temperature stresses are obtained, which make it possible to obtain a picture of the temperature distribution over the workpiece area during heating. A mathematical model has been developed for a thin metal strip during heating; thermal stresses arising in it due to uneven heating have been described. Numerical modeling has been carried out on the basisof field data, which will allow verification of the automated environment for the selection of functional and design schemes and the calculation of the parameters of heating devices in hot volumetric stamping of workpieces in terms of speed, energy efficiency, heating quality: accuracy of achieving specified temperatures and maximum heating uniformity. By areas, ease of use and readjustment, resource, reliability and maintainability. The proposed system will include the following CAD elements: databases and rules for operating with them, calculation modules, modules for selecting and matching options.

An Algorithm for Construction Project Cost Forecast Based on Particle Swarm Optimization-Guided BP Neural Network

Construction project cost prediction is an important function in construction-related fields; it can provide an important basis for project feasibility study and design scheme comparison and selection, and its accuracy will directly affect the investment decision of the project. The successful realization of construction cost prediction can bring great convenience to the control and management of construction cost. The purpose of this paper is to study a fast, accurate, convenient, deducible, and rational construction project cost prediction method, to provide a basis for the cost management of the whole life cycle of the project. Therefore, this paper uses particle swarm optimization algorithm to improve BP neural network and proposes a novel construction project cost prediction algorithm based on particle swarm optimization-guided BP neural network. Aiming at the defects of BP neural network updating weights and thresholds with the gradient descent method, this paper uses the advantages of particle swarm optimization in the field of parameter optimization to optimize BP neural network with PSO algorithm. The structure of BP neural network weights and the threshold of each neuron in the coding, through intelligent search for each particle, find the most suitable weights and thresholds, so that the BP neural network has faster convergence speed, better generalization ability, and higher prediction precision. Simulation results also show that the proposed algorithm is competitive enough.

Stress-strain state of a combined toroidal baromembrane apparatus

Introduction. Currently, the purification of wastewater and technological solutions by membrane methods is considered a promising way to neutralize liquid waste. Therefore, the task of developing an engineering method for calculating baromembrane devices is a challenge. Studies on methods involving calculation of design and process variables, membrane equipment design, research of technological features of membrane devices, selection of design schemes, as well as methods of strength and rigidity analysis, are investigated. Materials and Methods. Basic elements of the body of the combined membrane apparatus are considered, a design scheme is proposed, and a method for calculating the strength and rigidity of the main load-bearing element, the cover, is described. Results. The methods determine the required dimensions of shells and plates for the development of a combined membrane apparatus, and evaluate the strength properties of the devices of this class. The construction elements of the apparatus (primarily, the load-bearing covers) must meet not only the requirements of efficiency and quality of separation and cleaning of solutions, but also the conditions for safe operation. Therefore, the design of the device covers should be based on the optimal design dimensions (thicknesses of round plates, toroidal shells, and support rings). To test the method, the stress-strain state of the membrane apparatus structure was calculated for strength and rigidity. As an example, we consider one cover presented in the form of an open toroidal shell. The evaluation of the application of this technique, taking into account the fact that the shell is mated with a round plate in the inner diameter, and with a ring in the outer diameter, has provided the determination of the required parameters. Discussion and Conclusions. The obtained method of analytical description of the mechanical impact on the elements of the combined apparatus and the example of calculating the toroidal shell and plate, enables to evaluate the stressstrain state of the structure for strength and rigidity. The results of the calculation of covers made of various materials at different pressures are presented. Loading the combined apparatus with transmembrane pressure made it possible to determine the required dimensions of the shells and plates for its design and development.

Technical and Economic Analysis of the Life Cycle of Huangmaohai Cross-sea Bridge

Huangmaohai Cross-sea Bridge has a total length of about 31 kilometers and adopts two-way six-lane design standards. There are 2 super large cable-stayed bridges, one of which is the Huangmaohai Bridge. It has a span of 720 meters, and after completion it will become the world’s largest span three-tower cable-stayed bridge. Choosing the best plan in the project decision-making stage of large-scale cross-sea passage projects and other public construction products, eliminating blindness in plan selection, and optimizing the life cycle costs of the project can save a lot of manpower, material and financial resources for the country and society. According to the relevant concepts and classifications of the life-cycle cost of the project at home and abroad, this paper divides the life-cycle cost of China’s highways into three types of costs: construction period cost, operation period cost and disposal cost, and carries out economic analysis in combination with main technical solutions. The analysis results strongly support the design scheme comparison and selection of the Huangmaohai Cross-sea Bridge.

Application of BIM Technology in Road Engineering Design

This article analyzes the basic concepts, basic characteristics, and commonly used software of BIM technology. The author studied the specific application of BIM technology in geological data collection, design scheme comparison and selection, design modeling, engineering quantity and cost calculation, design drawing output, collaborative content design, urban landscape design, construction simulation design, and comprehensive pipeline design. The purpose of this article is to improve the rationality of road engineering design schemes and prolong the service life of road engineering.

To the Question of Designing Baromembrane Combined Type Apparatus

The paper considers works on methods for calculating design and technological parameters, design of membrane equipment, research of technological features of membrane devices, selection of design schemes, methods for calculating strength and stiffness. A method has been developed for calculating mechanical loads and determining the thickness of plates and toroidal shells of a membrane apparatus of the combined type, which makes it possible to assess the strength properties of apparatus of this class. An example of a calculation, which makes it possible to assess the adequacy of the application of this technique to devices of the combined type, is given.

Decision Model of Design for Elderly Wearable Health Monitoring Products Based on Quality Function Deployment and Analytic Network Process

Facing the current situation of aging society, the health of the elderly has once again become an important issue related to people's livelihood. Aiming at the health problems of the elderly, with the improvement of science and technology, a series of wearable health monitoring products targeted at the elderly have gradually appeared. In order to accurately provide the elderly with a good experience in the interaction of wearable health monitoring products, this article obtains the needs of the elderly according to the research content of ergonomics, and addresses the needs of the elderly from their physical, psychological and Three angles of interaction were classified; then based on the demand, a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was used to build a house of quality model, which transformed the needs of the elderly into design requirements, and combined with Analytic Network Process (ANP) to build a model evaluation index system. Combining the house of quality model with the network analysis method, so that the advantages of the ANP method can be fully utilized, the shortcomings of the QFD method can be overcome, and the degree of interaction between factors in the index system can be better reflected, so that the attribute weights given are more reasonable. Finally, a fuzzy QFDANP method model for the selection and modification of such product design schemes is constructed, which not only avoids the subjective and unreasonable factors of the initial requirements acquisition of the product design, but also can target the applicability requirements of the product functions and structure Modifications provide clear goals for the design and selection of design options for such products. The validity and practicability of the method are verified by examples.

An integrated framework to select resilient and sustainable sponge city design schemes for robust decision making

To mitigate the impacts of rapid urbanization and climate change on hydrology and water quality, the new concept of urban stormwater management, sponge city, has been proposed to increase the city’s resilience. Although 30 cities in China have been chosen to implement sponge city construction, there is a lack of a quantitative evaluation method to help decision makers select resilience and sustainability schemes. This paper proposes a new integrated framework in selecting the resilient and sustainable sponge city design schemes. The developed framework consists of the following 10 indicators: resilience, flood volume, flood duration time, hydraulic performance index, annual runoff volume control, rainfall usage, pollution control, social acceptability, greenhouse gas emission, and cost. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to simulate the rainfall-runoff process to calculate the indicators. The multi-criteria analysis methods of the improved AHP were used to calculate the weights of indictors, while the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was used to rank the design schemes. The proposed framework was then applied to Xining, China, as a case study. The performances of three sponge city design schemes (S1, S2, and S3) with different sponge city construction areas and different low impact development (LID) controls were analyzed for the LID construction project. The results identified S1 as the best scheme where 50% permeable pavement and 30% rain barrel are implemented in residential areas. In contrast, S3 had the lowest scores, with the largest LID construction area. This integrated framework will assist policy-makers in the selection of optimal sponge city design schemes.