Selcuk University Research Articles

Role of ultrasound simulators in the training for Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST).

The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound simulators in the training of the health staff working in the emergency department of a university hospital on Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST). This study was conducted on emergency medicine residents, medical interns and paramedics of the emergency department of Selçuk University Medical Faculty, prospectively. The participants were given theoretical and practical training on FAST using the SonoSim® USG simulator. At the end of the training, all participants were requested to perform FAST for the pre-selected scenarios for five patients to find the ideal diagnostic window for each patient and declare the diagnosis. This study included 60 participants, including emergency medicine residents, medical interns and paramedics, each having 20 members. The rate of obtaining the correct image was 99.5%, and the rate of diagnosing correctly was 94% among resident physicians. For interns, these rates were 98.5% and 88%, respectively. For paramedics, the rates were 98% and 81.5%, respectively. It was observed that the theoretical knowledge level of the trainees did not affect the ability to obtain a correct image in the simulator. However, the skills of the trainees for correctly diagnosing via FAST were directly proportional to their theoretical knowledge levels. Our findings suggest that a short theoretical training followed by a simulator-guided practice would easily provide a sufficiency for FAST for the health workers.

Acute Postrenal Azotemia In a Cat

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and radiologic examination of the 3-year-old-male-cat with anorexia, inactivity, abdominal distension, heamaturia and anuria in the last few days admitted to the the Selcuk University Veterinary Faculty Animal Hospital was made. Physical and laboratory examinations were made. As a result of examinations severe azotemia and penile urethral calculi were detected. The stone in the penile urethra was removed by lubricating the urethral lumen without any surgical intervention. Azotemia was corrected with supportive treatment. After the clinical relieve the patient was discharged from the hospital. In this case report, clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and radiologic findings and the treatment protocol of the cat were presented. In conclusion, it was emphasized that postrenal azotemia due to urethral obstruction in our case is common in domestic animals. If it is not diagnosed and corrected rapidly it can be life-threatening. In treatment, adequeta fluid treatment is essential and also ultrasonographic and radiological examinations are very important in diagnosis.

Fotoselektif Netlerin Çilek Bitkilerine Fizyolojik Etkileri

The sunlight manipulation can be utilized to promote the desired plant physiology by using photoselective nets. In our study, we tested different colored nets to determine the physiological responses of the strawberry plant. The study was conducted in 2016 at Selcuk University in Turkey. A strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv Kabarla was used in the study planted in 7 L pots. Before the shading treatment, all plants were grown outdoors. For the shading experiment, sunlight was declined by red, green and black nets allowing 40% shade with covering from July until September of 2016 (during 2 months). At the end of the experiment, some physiological and microclimate properties were evaluated. The green net showed the highest SPAD value (39.79), while the lowest value was obtained in red net (34.99). The photoselective nets increased anthocyanin compared to control. Stomatal conductance in the red colored net decreased by approximately 38% when compared to full sunlight. The lowest soil temperature was observed under green colored net. Colored nets increased air temperature compared to control. As a result, the mitigative effect of the photoselective nets against radiation could be used to decrease the malignant effects of environmental stresses such as drought, excessive solar radiation, salinity.

Nomofobinin Dikkat Eksikliğine Etkisi

In this research, the effect of anxiety (Nomophobia) on attention deficit was investigated. The study was conducted on students studying at Selcuk University. A quantitative research design was used and a total of 300 participants, 104 male and 196 female, participated in the study. Nomophobia scale and attention deficit scale were used in the study. Nomophobia Scale is a 20-item scale developed by Yildirim and Correia (2015) and adapted to Turkish by Yildirim et al. (2015). The scale is a Likert type scale consisting of 20 items with a score of 1 to 5 with 5 options. The attention deficit scale consisting of 18 items was developed by the World Health Organization. In the study of Dogan et al. (2009) conducted a validity and reliability study in Turkish. While the reliability of the nomophobia scale was 0.917, the reliability of attention deficit was 0.754. The students who participated in the research; 34.7% (104) were male and 65.3% (196) were female. 19% of the students consisted of first grade, 22.7% of the second grade, 30% of the third grade and 28.3% of the fourth grade. Nomophobia scale; Students rated the highest average “I'm afraid my smartphone will run out of charge.” and “I can get bored when I can't look at the information every time I want from my smartphone”. The lowest average score is “I feel awkward because I can't follow the update notifications from my links and online networks.” and “I feel uneasy because I cannot check my e-mails”. As a result of the research, nomophobia observed in students affects attention deficit positively. A unit increase in phone addiction increases attention deficit by 0.28 percent.

The Effect of Graded Readers on Reading Comprehension Skill of EFL Students

This study investigated the effects of reading graded readers on the reading comprehension scores of the prep students at university. 30 EFL students from School of Foreign Languages (SOFL) in Selcuk University participated in the study. Two groups, control and experimental group, each consisting of 15 students were formed at the beginning of the study. Both groups attended traditional language classes of SOFL, and the experimental group was additionally involved in an extensive reading program as an extra-curricular activity. The program was performed in the second semester of the academic year. Reading comprehension development of the groups was assessed by means of reading comprehension tests given as part of the third and fourth mid-term exams set by SOFL. Findings indicated that students in the experimental group scored significantly higher than those in the control group at the end of the extensive reading program. Also, the amount of reading had a significant effect on the reading comprehension scores of the students; students who read more books achieved more reading comprehension development in comparison to those who read less. Consequently, results of the study revealed that extensive reading had a positive effect on the reading development of EFL students.

Health status detection of neonates using infrared thermography and deep convolutional neural networks

Protection of body temperature is critically important for health. Diseases and infections cause local temperature imbalances in the body. Infrared Thermography (IRT), which is a non-invasive and non-contact method, has been used in medical applications for decades. Pre-diagnosis and follow-up treatment systems can be realized by monitoring the temperature distribution in the body. In this study, IRT and deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) models were used together for the first time to detect the health status of neonates. Neonatal thermal images have been taken in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine (Konya, Turkey), over a one-year period. Neonatal thermal images were obtained from selected 19 healthy and 19 unhealthy neonates. Data augmentation methods, such as brightness enhancement, color transformation, resolution and contrast changes, and the addition of different noises, were applied to the thermal images for the training of a CNN model. A number of 3800 thermal images taken from neonates in NICU were augmented to 15,200 and 30,400 thermal images. Then, using CNNs, 380, 3800, 15,200, and 30,400 neonatal thermal images were classified as healthy and unhealthy. The optimal result obtained was with 99.58% accuracy, 99.73% specificity, 99.43% sensitivity, and 0.996 AUC for the 30,400 thermal images employed. Using the proposed system, 15,159 of 15,200 thermograms belonging to healthy premature babies were classified as healthy, whereas 15,114 of 15,200 thermograms of premature babies, diagnosed with at least one disease, were determined as unhealthy.

Neuropathic pain knowledge of nurses

Aim: The aim of our study was to determine the levels of information and awareness of the nurses who work on neuropathic pain in the departments of physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology and neurosurgery.Material and Method: A total of 90 nurses (30 per each department) who work in the physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology and neurosurgery departments of Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty, Selcuk University Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Konya Numune Hospital took part in the study. The level of information and awareness of the nurses on neuropathic pain were assessed via a questionnaire prepared by specialists in the light of recent literature. The questionnaire was composed of 30 questions including the definition, symptoms, treatment and management of neuropathic pain. Results: None of 90 nurses participating in the study were given any previous in-service training on neuropathic pain. According to the assessments, 80% of nurses (n=72) were found not to have sufficient knowledge about definition of neuropathic pain; 83.3% (n=75) about diseases causing neuropathic pain; 83.3% (n=75) about symptoms of neuropathic pain; and 90% (n=81) about management of neuropathic pain. The findings obtained from the nurses of these three departments showed no statistically significant relation.Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the knowledge of participants’ about neuropathic pain who work in these three departments seriously lack of information. Informing nurses about neuropathic pain during in-service training will be an important step towards improving the quality of services provided.

The Effects of Methenolone Enanthate Supplement with Exercise on Rats’ Bones

It is known that anabolic steroids are used by athletes to increase their performance and cause many health problems. This study aims to analyze the effects of methenolone enanthate supplement with exercise on rats’ bones. The study was conducted with 28 28-day-old Wistar male rats obtained from the Chair of the Experimental Medicine Researc h and Application Center of Selc uk University. The rats were allocated into four groups: C (control, n:6), E (exercise, n:7), M (methenolone enanthate, n:7) and ME (methenolone enanthate+exercise, n:8). The required doses were arranged weekly depending on the rats’ live weight for the groups given methenolone enanthate. The rats’ front and back extremity bones were dissected, and the humerus and femur bones were dried. Each bone’s length, corpus thickness, cortex thickness and medullary diameter points were determined. The results were presented as mean±SD. ANOVA and Duncan's test were used for inter-group comparison of the data. The threshold for statistical significance was p<0.05. The femur length was 32.46±0.29 in the C group, 32.60±0.64 in the E group, 31.37±0.50 in the ME group and 31.67±0.52 in the M group. The humerus length was 26.42±0.28 in the C group,26.23±0.59 in the E group, 25.31±0.40 in the ME group and 25.35±0.45 in the M group. The femur and humerus length was statistically significantly shorter in the groups that received methenolone enanthate supplement (M and ME) than that of the other two groups (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the C, E, M and ME groups in terms of the cortex and corpus thickness and medullary diameter of their femur and humerus bones (p>0.05). It was concluded based on the study results that methenolone enanthate supplement causes early epiphyseal closure in rats’ femur and humerus bones and stops the increase in these bones’ length. In addition, exercise was found not to reduce this negative effect of methenolone enanthate. Although the prohibited substances classified as anabolics are considered to increase performance by some athletes, these substances are not recommended for use due to their negative effects on athletes’ health. Keywords: anabolic steroids, methenolone enanthate, rats, femur, humerus

Determination of Isokinetic Strength of Upper and Lower Body of Elite Male Boxers

It is well known that punching force is highly important to boxers for winning and one of the key components of amateur boxing. Boxing needs also get blocking position, after throwing a punch to not receive a punch.The aim of the study was to determine the dominant internal-external shoulder muscles and dominant extension-flexion leg muscles strength of the elite boxers at 60° and 180° sec-1. In the study, 10 male elite boxers 22.10 ± 1.37 years, height 174.60 ± 6.41 cm and 72.60 ± 10.74 kg participated in the study. The isokinetic knee and shoulder strength tests were performed with an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex, Humac Norm 2004) in the kinanthropometry laboratory of Selcuk University. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 22 package program. Descriptive data of the participants were given as mean, minimum, maximum and standard deviation. it was determined that the peak dominant leg strength of elite boxers were found for extension 224.900 nM (60 °/s) and 135.70 nM (180 °/s ). The peak dominant leg strength of elite boxers found for flexion 120.50 nM and 72.30 nM at 60 °/s and 180 °/s respectively. Elite boxers’ leg strength was similar to literatür. As a result of the study, it can be said that the internal muscle group of boxers produce more power than external muscle group. It can be concluded that the boxers have better punching strength than defense.

The Effects of Trenbolone Supplementation on The Extremity Bones in Running Rats

Anabolic steroids are testosterone derivatives through which anabolic effects are maintained and androgenic effects are minimized. The use of ergogenic agents is increasing among athletes for doping in order to increase physical performance and change external image. The objective of this study was to determine effects of trenbolone supplement administered on running rats for 4 weeks on extremity bones. The study was conducted with 28 male Wistar rats aged 28 days with a mean weight of 61,80 g supplied from the Selcuk University Experimental Medical Research and Application Center. The rate were divided into 4 groups as C (Controls), E (Exercise), T (Trenbolone), and TE (trenbolone + Exercise). The trial period lasted 4 weeks. Supply, care, feeding, and experimental applications of rats were performed in the Selcuk University Experimental Medical Research and Application Center. Anterior and posterior extremities’ bones were dissected and exposed, and the humerus and femur bones exposed were dried. Length, corpus thickness, cortex thickness, and medulla diameter points were determined and the necessary measures were taken. The results are expressed as mean ± SD. ANOVA and Duncan tests were used for the comparison of data. p<0.05 values were considered statistically significant. The mean femoral length was found as 31.31 ± 0.69 in the rats in Group T, 31.46±0.72 in Group E, 31.51±0.58 in Group TE, and 31.48 ± 0.71 in Group C (controls). Examining the mean femoral lengths of Groups T, E, TE and C; the mean femoral length in Group T was numerically higher than that of the Groups E, TE and C, although the difference was not statistically significant (F:0.112; p:0.637). The mean humerus length was found as 24.93 ± 0.59 in the rats in Group T, 24.96±0.68 in Group E, 25.33±0.81 in Group TE, and 25.29±0.77 in Group C (controls). Examining the mean humerus lengths of Groups T, E, TE and C; the mean humerus length in Group T was numerically higher than that of the Groups E, TE and C, although the difference was not statistically significant (F:0.608; p:0.355). We found that the mean values of corpus and cortex thickness, and medullary diameters were similar in the Groups T, E, TE, and C, and the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Results of this study indicate that trenbolone supplement may lead to early epiphyseal closure in femur and humerus bones of rats, ceasing the increase in their length. We believe that the results obtained from this trenbolone trial will provide important data to the studies that will be conducted on anabolic androgenic steroids. Key words: Anabolic Androgenic Steroid, Trenbolone, Rat, Femur, Humerus

Serological Investigation of Bluetongue Virus Infection by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in Sheep in Konya Region

This work was financially supported by the Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordinator ship (Project number: 08201028). This article has also been extracted from MS thesis of Gulsen YIGIT Abstract Of ovine breeding has a special importance in Turkey's economy. In this sector to date, there have been major problems from production to consumption. Among these, animal husbandry and disease problems have always been up to date. Some of the most important factors that negatively affect sheep breeding are the decrease in yield characteristics, medical inputs for treatment, and diseases caused by viruses that can cause significant economic losses resulting in mortality in animals. Blue Tongue virus infection also causes great economic losses in sheep, cattle and goats. In this study, blood samples were collected from clinically healthy not vaccinated 460 sheep by random sampling method in some closed livestock model applied in and around Konya. The presence of blue tongue virus antibodies in the prepared sheep blood sera was investigated by competitive ELISA(c-ELISA) technique. All samples were run in duplicate, with known positive and negative controls included in each test plate. The optical density (OD) of each plate well was determined at 620 nm wavelength. As a result of the study, 46 (10%) of 460 sheep sera had BTV-specific antibodies. The study is important in terms of revealing the seroprevalence of the infection investigated by c-ELISA in blood serum taken from sheep in and around Konya. Keywords : Bluetongue virus (BTV), Sheep, Serology, c-ELISA. DOI : 10.7176/JSTR/5-7-04

Mimari Tasarım Eğitiminde Yaz Okulu Deneyimi: Öğrenci Performansı Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme

Stüdyo eğitimi, proje yürütücüsünün danışmanlığında, öğrencilerin fikir ve tasarımlarının verilen program ve sürede projenin gelişimini sağlayarak dönem sonunda proje çıktılarının beklendiği eğitim sürecidir. Mimarlık eğitiminde tasarım bilgisinin aktarılmasından ziyade öğrencinin tasarım sürecini öğrenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Mimarlık eğitiminde normal öğretimden farklı olarak yaz okulu kısıtlı zamanda öğrencilerin kaldıkları dersleri, farklı üniversitelerde almalarına olanak tanıyan eğitim dönemidir. Bu çalışmada Selçuk Üniversitesi yaz okulu kapsamında eş zamanlı olarak iki farklı stüdyoda, iki farklı ders yürütücüsü tarafından yürütülen ve aynı sürede, ortak proje alanı ve ortak ihtiyaç programı kapsamında proje 5 ve 6 öğrencilerinin katılımı ile atölye çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı mimarlık eğitiminde kısıtlı zaman içerisinde yürütülen yaz okulu döneminin sürecini, sınırlılıklarını, planlanmasını ve yaz okulunun normal dönemden farkını değişkenleri ile ele almaktır. Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin devamlılık oranları ve proje çıktıları incelenerek, yaz okulunda yaşadıkları problemler ve bunlara yönelik üretilen çözümlere yer verilmiştir.

Effects on Students Perceptual Evaluations of the Wall Colors Used in Design Studios by the Virtual Reality Method

In this study, it was aimed to determine the perceived quality of three modeled virtual design studios which have the same characteristics but different colors (warm, cool and neutral) and to determine whether there was a difference between the real space and the evaluations made in the virtual space. Accordingly, it was assumed that the wall coloring of the virtual studio space models that were modeled could affect the perceptions of the students and that virtual space evaluations would be in parallel with real space evaluations. To test the assumption, the study modeled the environments of three design studios with different colors assumed to exist at a design studio of the Selcuk University and students were asked to evaluate these virtual spaces with the aid of virtual reality goggles. As a result, it has been determined that there was no difference between the perceptual evaluations of real and virtual spaces designed with the same features. In addition, according to the spatial scale, it was determined that the cool colored space were perceived as “more roomy” and “more inviting” by the students compared to the warm colored space and that the cool colored space was also evaluated more positively for the social adaptation and individual productivity scales.

Effect of Enhanced Elemental Sulphur Doses on pH Value of a Calcareous Soil

Due to the lime content, the high pH value of the soils usually can limit the availability of some plant nutrients including phosphorus. Elemental sulfur (S) applications are one of the leading methods used for lowering soil pH value. Although S application is an economic resource used for reducing pH value in the rhizosphere, recommended S doses are often ineffective in lowering soil pH value. For this reason, this study was carried out to look into the effects of both the recommended sulphur doses and the intense doses of sulphur additions on the soil pH value. The effect of different S application doses in weight percentages as 0-0.01-0.02-0.04-0.08-0.16-0.32 and0.64 % of elemental S, on soil pH was determined in the pot experiment. The soil sample was taken at 0-30 cm Sarıcalar Experimental area of Agricultural Faculty of Selcuk University in Konya. The soil sample used in the study has light alkaline pH value (7.97), calcareous (12.25%), low salty less salty, organic matter content and available phosphorus concentration. At first, S were added soil samples at the pot experiment, then after, water content was brought to field capacity using pure water and incubated at 28°C for the period of 10 weeks. Weekly, pH measurements were made throughout the incubation period and regular pure water additions were made to ensure that the soil steadily remains at the field capacity. All applications led to a decrease in soil pH values, while pH is inclined to increase again during the course of time in the pot experiments.

Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels and Body Compositions of University Students

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity levels and body composition of university students. A total of 155 students (56 women, 99 men) attending Selcuk University Faculty of Sports Sciences voluntarily participated in the research. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis while the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)- short form was used to determine students' physical activity levels. According to the research findings, there was no correlation between body composition variables and physical activity level variables in men (p> 0,05), but there was only a weak but significant negative correlation between total physical activity score and height in women (p <0,05, r = -0.28). There was a significant relationship between the total score of high intensity physical activity and body weight (r = 0.21), body fat percentage (r = -0.21), lean body mass (r = 0.24), basal metabolic rate (r = 0.23), body mass index (r = 0.17) and waist / hip ratio (r = 0.24). Besides it was also determined that there was a significant relationship between total physical activity score and waist / hip ratio (r = 0.18). As a result, it can be said that there is no significant relationship between body composition variables and physical activity level variables of men and women participating in the research.

Suicide attempts and related factors in schizophrenia patients.

Objectives:To investigate the relationship between suicide attempts and demographic-clinical variables and to assess the methods used in suicide attempts by comparing schizophrenia patients with and without suicide attempts.Methods:A retrospective study with a total of 223 schizophrenia patients aged 18-65 years that were admitted to the Department of Psychiatry, Selcuk University and the Beyhekim Psychiatric Clinic Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey, between January 2014 and January 2018 The data collection forms created by researchers were completed using hospital medical records.Results:It was determined that 40.8% of schizophrenia patients attempted suicide at least once and that 39.6% of schizophrenia patients who attempted suicide had recurrent suicide attempts. Those with suicide attempts had a significantly longer mean duration of untreated psychosis and a higher total number of hospitalizations compared to those without suicide attempts. In addition, the use of depot antipsychotic drugs was significantly lower in those with suicide attempts. There was a statistically significant difference in the presence of traumatic life events between those with and without suicide attempts.Conclusion:Suicidal behavior is an important problem in schizophrenia. Identifying risk factors and high-risk individuals will guide us in the development of preventive interventions.

A SCRUTINY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN DOING SPORTS AND NOT DOING SPORTS IN SPORTIVE EVENTS

The study has been conducted in order to scrutinize the factors affecting the participation of women doing sports and not doing sports in sportive events. The population of the study is constituted by Selcuk University, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Uludağ University, and Gazi University, with the thought that we can find the individuals from all sections of the Turkish society all together and its sampling group consists of the female students studying at those universities. The data were obtained from written sources and by means of the questionnaire method. A questionnaire oriented to the objective has been developed. The understandability of the questionnaire as well as the validity and reliability of its scope were ensured. The questionnaire’s CronbachAlpha reliability coefficient was found as 0,60. The coefficient is a valid coefficient according to the researchers as well. The questionnaires were filled in through one-to-one discussions in the sampling group by means of the random sampling method. Total 828 women, being 538 doing sports and 290 not doing sports, took part in the study in its state mentioned above. The data obtained were transferred to the computer environment for statistical transaction. As the statistical process, the Chi-Square test processes were conducted for identifying the frequency, %, Crosstab, and differences. In the determination of the differences, 0,05 was accepted as the level of significance. Upon the assessment of the data obtained, it was determined that the factors affecting women’s participation in sportive events are religious reasons, family pressure, government policy, the fact the some branches of sports are not suitable for the physical properties of women, the fact that sportive events inflict damage on their beauties, presence of no suitable areas and venues to perform sports, and the inability of sports culture to take place within the society etc. and that significant differences are present at the 0,05 statistical significance level in the views of the women doing sports and not doing sports in regards to some questions. We can conclude that there are religious, familial, political, physiological, cultural, and spatial factors affecting the participation of women in sportive events. Keywords: Woman, Sportive event, Participation, Factor

Effect of the FSH receptor polymorphism on the age at menarche

Summary: Estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) genes have an effect on the age at menarche. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is an important hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of folliculogenesis and estrogen synthesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the FSH receptor (FSHR) polymorphisms Asn680Ser and Thr307Ala on age at menarche. Materials and Methods: FSH receptor gene polymorphisms were investigated in women who were admitted to Selcuk University between May 2013 and November 2014. Information about age at menarche was obtained through interviews. Polymorphic analysis of the FSH receptor gene was performed in 209 healthy female patients who had undergone an annual health examination. Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood leukocytes, and polymorphisms were investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: The mean age at menarche was 12.95 ± 1.62 years. The overall frequencies for Asn680Ser variants NN, NS, and SS were 40.2%, 36.4%, and 23.4%, respectively, whereas Thr307Ala variants TT, TA, and AA were 34.4%, 41.1%, and 24.4%, respectively. Menarche occurred 3.6 months earlier in subjects with TN homozygote genotype than in AS homozygotes, and the mean age at menarche was 2.5 months earlier in TN homozygotes compared with that in all other study subjects, but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.966 and p = 0.986, respectively). Conclusions: The Ala307Thr and Ser680Asn polymorphisms of the FSHR gene are not associated with age at menarche.

Tıp Fakültelerinde Çalışan Öğretim Üyeleri ve Araştırma Görevlilerinde Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the burnout levels of the academicians and research assistants employed at Medical Faculty of Selcuk University and Necmettin Erbakan University, and to investigate the factors affecting the level of burnout. Methods: This study included total 894 subjects; 564 faculty members and research assistants working at Necmettin Erbakan University and 330 faculty members and research staff employed at Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University. A questionnaire consisting of 50 questions containing sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were filled with face-to-face interviews. Results: Of the participants, 63.1% were working at the University of Necmettin Erbakan, and 36.9% at Selçuk University. While the mean emotional exhaustion (EE) (p&lt;0.001) and depersonalization (DP) (p&lt;0.001) scores of the physicians who work in basic medical sciences, the staff titled Prof. Dr. and Assoc. Prof. Dr., the physicians with administrative duties, the staff at/over 40 years old and the married physicians were statistically significantly lower than those of the staff employed in the other medical and surgical sciences, the staff with other titles, the physicians without administrative duties, the staff under 40 years old and the single staff respectively; personal success (PS) mean scores were statistically significantly higher (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: In particular, the supports reducing burnout and motivating should be provided and maintained to the physicians who are employed at such places especially as Faculties of Medicine which aims both to provide the highest level of health care in the region and to raise the physicians of the future.

Kadın Sağlık Çalışanlarının Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri ile Kadınların Çalışmasına Yönelik Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the women health profession gender roles and attitudes towards women's work. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out with 351 female employees, including female academicians and nurses at the Medicine and Health Sciences Faculties of Selçuk University. The data were collected by using a data collection form for female academic staff and nurses, The Attitudes Towards Woman’s Working Scale and The Gender Role Attitudes Scale between September 2017 and March 2018. The ethical approval was obtained from the Faculty of Medicine of Selcuk University for this study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29,97±7,52; the mean working time was 4,60±7,49; 59,8% of them (210 participants) were nurses; 40,2% of them (141 participants) were academicians. 72,6% of the participants had difficulties in their working life, 61,8% of them stated that their working life had a negative effect on their private life. In our study, the mean of Gender Roles Attitudesscore was 137,14±27,19 (min-max: 38-190) and the meanof Attitudes Towards Woman’s Working Scale score was 53,42±8,62 (min-max: 15-75). The mean of Gender Roles Attitudesscore of the nurses was statistically significantly higher than the mean of Gender Roles Attitudesscore of the academicians (p&lt;0,05). The mean of Attitudes Towards Woman’s Workingscore of the nurses was statistically significantly lower than the mean of Attitudes Towards Woman’s Working score of the academicians (p&lt;0,05). It was found that there was a significant (p&lt;0,001) and weak (rs= -0,208), negative correlation between The Gender Roles Attitudes and The Attitudes Towards Woman’s Working scores. Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that the nurses and academicians had "positive attitudes" towards moderate gender roles and working of women.