Seismic Reflection Characteristics Research Articles

Provenance identification and sedimentary analysis of the beach and bar systems in the Palaeogene of the Enping Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea

During deposition in the Palaeogene, the Pearl River Mouth Basin (Enping Sag) was filled by sediments derived from northern and southern source regions. The northern sources are the fold belt Caledonian and Hercynian metamorphic rocks that are widely exposed along the South China block and stacked with Mesozoic igneous rocks, and the southern sources are Mesozoic igneous rocks from the southern Panyu lower uplift. We analysed the characteristics of the provenance and sediment-dispersal patterns of the beach and bar systems in the Palaeogene third-order sequence framework on the basis of detritus, thin section, zircon and the geophysical response test data. The source and deposition areas were distinguished based on their palaeogeomorphology. The sedimentary material composition of the deposition area was determined based on the characteristics of the detrital assemblage and cathode luminescence, and the characteristics of the age distribution were determined in detail using detrital zircon U–Pb dating. This study suggests that the provenance system in the Palaeogene mainly consisted of Palaeozoic metamorphic rocks and Mesozoic igneous rocks, with a supplement of Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. The transport capacity of three large fault troughs that delivered the northern provenances gradually increased from the Wenchang Formation (E2w) to the Enping Formation (E3e), whereas the southern provenances were transported by four or five incised valleys in E2w and then submerged in E3e. In the 3D seismic area, the features of the beach and bar sedimentary systems were described and interpreted based an analysis of the well-based sedimentary facies, seismic reflection characteristics and multiple attribute clustering. The results show that the beach and bar systems by the short-axis braided deltas mainly developed in the upper member of E2w and that the beach and bar systems on the subaqueous high in E3e developed during the Palaeogene. In addition, the bedrock-beach bar sedimentary system in the lower member (E3eL) was transferred to the braided delta–beach bar sedimentary system in the upper member (E3eU).

The small-scale forward modeling method for large models based on the wave equation

The small-scale modeling of an underground geological model can avoid the equivalent large-scale assumptions and show the seismic reflection characteristics more precisely. Considering the large number of perfectly matched layer (PML) boundaries in small-scale modeling of large models, we analyze the absorption effect of the PML boundary in different spatial spacing, and apply variable-grid technology to small-scale seismic modeling. Using small grids to compute the model region and large grids to compute the PML boundary, we successfully reduce the amount of PML boundary layers in small-scale seismic modeling. This method can reduce data storage and improve computational efficiency dramatically.

Sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Changjiang (Yangtze River) delta since the Last Glacial Maximum

This study focuses on sedimentary research at the subaqueous Changjiang (Yangtze River) delta, based on five high-resolution seismic profiles and seven borehole cores with accurate AMS 14C datings. Three distinct seismic units were identified from the seismic profiles according to seismic reflection characteristics, and five sedimentary facies were recognized from borehole cores. These facies constituted a fining upward sedimentary sequence in relation to postglacial sea-level transgression. Three sequence surfaces (sequence boundary (SB), transgressive surface (TS), and maximum flooding surface (MFS)) demarcate the boundaries between early transgressive system tract (E-TST), late transgressive system tract (L-TST), early highstand system tract (E-HST) and late highstand system tract (L-HST), which constitute the sixth order sequence. These system tracts were developed coevally with postglacial sea-level rise. E-TST (~19–12kaBP) corresponds to an incised-valley infilling in the early stages of postglacial transgression whereas L-TST (~12–7.5kaBP) was formed during the last stage of postglacial transgression. The progradational structure of L-TST reflected in seismic profiles is possibly related to the intensification of the East Asian summer monsoon. E-HST (~7.5–2kaBP) was deposited in response to the highstand after maximum postglacial transgression was reached, while L-HST (~2kaBP–present) was initiated by accelerated progradation of the Changjiang delta.

Downdip variations in seismic reflection character: Implications for fault structure and seismogenic behavior in the Alaska subduction zone

AbstractSeismic reflection data collected offshore of Alaska Peninsula across the western edge of the Semidi segment show distinctive variations in reflection characteristics of the megathrust fault with depth, suggesting changes in structure that may relate to seismic behavior. From the trench to ~40 km landward, two parallel reflections are observed, which we interpret as the top and bottom of the subducted sediment section. From ~50 to 95 km from the trench, the plate interface appears as a thin (<400 ms) reflection band. Deeper and farther landward, the plate interface transitions to a thicker (1–1.5 s) package of reflections, where it appears to intersect the fore‐arc mantle wedge based on our preferred interpretation of the continental Moho. Synthetic waveform modeling suggests that the thin reflection band is best explained by a single ~100 to 250 m thick low‐velocity zone, whereas the thick reflection band requires a 3 to 5 km thick zone of thin layers. The thin reflection band is located at the center of the 1938 Mw 8.2 Semidi earthquake rupture zone that now experiences little interplate seismicity. The thick reflection band starts at the downdip edge of the rupture zone, correlates with a dipping band of seismicity, and projects to the location of tremor at greater depth. We interpret the thin reflection band as a compacted sediment layer and/or localized shear zone. The thick reflection band could be caused by a wide deformation zone with branching faults and/or fluid‐rich layers, representing a broad transition from stick‐slip sliding to slow slip and tremor.

Mass-transport deposits and reservoir quality of Upper Cretaceous Chalk within the German Central Graben, North Sea

The architecture of intra-chalk deposits in the ‘Entenschnabel’ area of the German North Sea is studied based on 3D seismic data. Adapted from seismic reflection characteristics, four types of mass-transport deposits (MTDs) are distinguished, i.e. slumps, slides, channels and frontal splay deposits. The development of these systems can be linked to inversion tectonics and halotectonic movements of Zechstein salt. Tectonic uplift is interpreted to have caused repeated tilting of the sea floor. This triggered large-scale slump deposition during Turonian–Santonian times. Slump deposits are characterised by chaotic reflection patterns interpreted to result from significant stratal distortion. The south-eastern study area is characterised by a large-scale frontal splay complex. This comprises a network of shallow channel systems arranged in a distributive pattern. Several slide complexes are observed near the Top Chalk in Maastrichtian and Danian sediments. These slides are commonly associated with large incisions into the sediments below. Best reservoir properties with high producible porosities are found in the reworked chalk strata, e.g. Danish North Sea, therefore MTDs detected in the study area are regarded as potential hydrocarbon reservoirs and considered as exploration targets.

Influences of coal seam on seismic reflection characteristics of sand and significances of seismic lithology: a case study of Shan-2 member in Ordos Basin

Influences of coal seam on seismic reflection characteristics of sand and significances of seismic lithology: a case study of Shan-2 member in Ordos Basin

Integrated Analysis of Well Logs and Seismic Data to Deduce the Possible Distribution in Depth of Gas Hydrate in Shenhu Area, South China Sea

AbstractThe available geological and geophysical information indicates the presence of gas hydrate at Shenhu Area of Northern South China Sea. The drilling cores recovered in 2007 testify the expectation and reveal that the gas hydrate disseminates evenly within the hydrate stable zone (HSZ), but its regional distribution is inhomogeneous. However, the logging record length and coring depth coverage are limited, which causes the depth distribution of gas hydrate to be indeterminate. Logs at well site SH7 were used to link the information of physical properties of sediments to the coincident seismic data acquired in this area. According to the relation between physical properties of sediments and seismic reflection characteristics, three primary formations were calibrated and the pseudo‐well constrained impedance inversion was then applied on post‐stack seismic data. The results showed a high velocity zone below the interval bearing gas hydrate. To determine whether this high velocity zone is related to the occurrence of gas hydrate or not, the technique of AVO forward modeling was further used to analyze the reflecting characteristic of pre‐stack seismic data. The comparison between synthetic seismic models and real seismic data indicates that the HSZ was composed of thin interbeds of gas hydrate‐bearing sediments and water‐saturated sediments, which suggests that another gas hydrate deposit exists most likely below the depth where gas hydrate‐bearing sediments were cored in the hole.

Early glaciation already during the Early Miocene in the Amundsen Sea, Southern Pacific: Indications from the distribution of sedimentary sequences

The distribution and internal architecture of seismostratigraphic sequences observed on the Antarctic continental slope and rise are results of sediment transport and deposition by bottom currents and ice sheets. Analysis of seismic reflection data allows to reconstruct sediment input and sediment transport patterns and to infer past changes in climate and oceanography. We observe four seismostratigraphic units which show distinct differences in location and shape of their depocentres and which accumulated at variable sedimentation rates. We used an age–depth model based on DSDP Leg 35 Site 324 for the Plio/Pleistocene and a correlation with seismic reflection characteristics from the Ross and Bellingshausen Seas, which unfortunately has large uncertainties. For the period before 21Ma, we interpret low energy input of detritus via a palaeo-delta originating in an area of the Amundsen Sea shelf, where a palaeo-ice stream trough (Pine Island Trough East, PITE) is located today, and deposition of this material on the continental rise under sea ice coverage. For the period 21–14.1Ma we postulate glacial erosion for the hinterland of this part of West Antarctica, which resulted in a larger depocentre and an increase in mass transport deposits. Warming during the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum resulted in a polythermal ice sheet and led to a higher sediment supply along a broad front but with a focus via two palaeo-ice stream troughs, PITE and Abbot Trough (AT). Most of the glaciogenic debris was transported onto the eastern Amundsen Sea rise where it was shaped into levee-drifts by a re-circulating bottom current. A reduced sediment accumulation in the deep-sea subsequent to the onset of climatic cooling after 14Ma indicates a reduced sediment supply probably in response to a colder and drier ice sheet. A dynamic ice sheet since 4Ma delivered material offshore mainly via AT and Pine Island Trough West (PITW). Interaction of this glaciogenic detritus with a west-setting bottom current resulted in the continued formation of levee-drifts in the eastern and central Amundsen Sea.

The Fine-Structure Interpretation and Favorable Objective Evaluation of Quanyiduan in Fulongquan Area

According to the needs of exploration and development, the main purpose of the Fulongquan region layer (Quanyiduan) to explain the fine structure and a favorable objective evaluation. Fine structural interpretation based on high-resolution, high fidelity and high signal to noise ratio of seismic data, the use of Landmark Interaction software layer on the purpose well - seismic calibration, determine the target layer of seismic reflection and seismic wave group phase characteristics of other wells in the area of information work carried out under the lateral auxiliary tracking method with variable velocity mapping layers of the structure plan aims to implement the target zone traps. In the structural interpretation based on the use of coherent technology and time slice for fault identification, combined with relevant geological data on the target layer of oil a comprehensive evaluation, selection of a good oil and gas traps, providing for the exploration and development goals.

Quantitative analysis method of seismic attributes under limited well control conditions and its application to source rock prediction

A quantitative analysis method of seismic attributes under limited well control conditions is proposed to evaluate the exploration potential of a basin and also predict the distribution of source rocks in the early exploration stage. Based on the total organic carbon (TOC) laboratory testing, in this study, the thickness of source rocks is divided by drilling and outcrop. A geological model is established on the basis of the petrophysical characteristics of source rocks and surrounding rocks. Applying a one-dimensional forward modeling of real drilling, which integrates two-dimensional forward modeling method with replacement experiments of source rocks, we analyze the relationship between geological characteristics of source rock and its seismic response and retrieve geological factor in changes of seismic attributes. Given the relationship between seismic reflection characteristics and geological features, the distribution of source rocks can be quantitatively predicted by using the seismic attributes. This method combines test analysis, well logging, and seismic method together and gives an explicit geological significance of seismic attributes. It provides an effective method to predict source rocks under fewer drillings in the early exploration stage. Finally, application to a basin L confirms that this method proposed in this paper can effectively predict the distribution characteristics of source rocks and also provide the important basis to evaluate the exploration potential.

The inversion of density structure by graphic processing unit (GPU) and identification of igneous rocks in Xisha area

Organic reefs, the targets of deep-water petroleum exploration, developed widely in Xisha area. However, there are concealed igneous rocks undersea, to which organic rocks have nearly equal wave impedance. So the igneous rocks have become interference for future exploration by having similar seismic reflection characteristics. Yet, the density and magnetism of organic reefs are very different from igneous rocks. It has obvious advantages to identify organic reefs and igneous rocks by gravity and magnetic data. At first, frequency decomposition was applied to the free-air gravity anomaly in Xisha area to obtain the 2D subdivision of the gravity anomaly and magnetic anomaly in the vertical direction. Thus, the distribution of igneous rocks in the horizontal direction can be acquired according to high-frequency field, low-frequency field, and its physical properties. Then, 3D forward modeling of gravitational field was carried out to establish the density model of this area by reference to physical properties of rocks based on former researches. Furthermore, 3D inversion of gravity anomaly by genetic algorithm method of the graphic processing unit (GPU) parallel processing in Xisha target area was applied, and 3D density structure of this area was obtained. By this way, we can confine the igneous rocks to the certain depth according to the density of the igneous rocks. The frequency decomposition and 3D inversion of gravity anomaly by genetic algorithm method of the GPU parallel processing proved to be a useful method for recognizing igneous rocks to its 3D geological position. So organic reefs and igneous rocks can be identified, which provide a prescient information for further exploration.

Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP) and its Application in Tunnel Engineering

In order to avoid heavy casualties and economic losses, and to get an insight into engineering and hydrogeological conditions, Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP) method is applied for advanced geological prediction in tunnel engineering. Basic principle, data analysis method, prediction criterion of TSP are studied. Seismic reflection characteristics of karst caves and fractured zones are analyzed and demonstrated in Qiyueshan Tunnel. Results indicate that TSP is sensitive to karst caves and fractured zones, but may have errors in location. The location of the prediction results should be checked with comprehensive geological prediction methods. In some extent, research of the prediction principles and engineering application in the present study is instructive for further applications.

Deposition Characteristics and Exploration Significances in Shallow-Water Delta Deposits of the First Member of Dongying Formation, Esso3d Area, Liaodong Bay Basin

As the escalating hotspot and key object of hydrocarbon exploration, research of shallow-water delta deposits in China have made breakthrough in both in production and efficiency. Numerous results in Bohai Bay Basin show that the conditions of shallow-water delta sandbodies are widespread in late Paleogene and Neogene. In this paper, we analyzed the geological evidences, deposition microfacies and favorable reservoir conditions from structural phases, palaeontological characteristics, depositional characteristics and geophysical characteristics (stacking patterns of wireline logs and seismic reflection characteristics). The results indicate that shallow-water delta deposits usually develope in shallow-water area where exits flat and broad terrain, arid and hot paleoclimate, turbulent lake level and ample provenance. As for the reservoir conditions, rivers brought large amounts of organic matter and minerals into the lake, which aided in bringing up organisms. All these organisms provided basis for petroliferous source rocks. The mudstone layers developed above the shallow-water deposits which helped to form vertical patterns of reservoirs. These conditions determine that shallow-water delta deposits consist of excellent reservoir combination, various types of traps, sufficient source rocks, smooth migration pathways, which provided broad exploration prospects.

The Application of Peak Number Attribute in the Prediction of River Sand

Its a commonly used method to predict layer by using seismic attributes, especially for some of the less well control channel sand bodies whose role is more important. Putaohua reservoir in Gaotaizi oilfield mainly develop shallow water delta front subaqueous distributary channel sand bodies which has narrow rivers and thin sand bodies, meanwhile, the existing well density is difficult to control the trend and boundary of the channel. By using seismic forward modeling analysis techniques, this paper researched the differences of seismic reflection characteristics among different geological model of channel sand bodies, then , further pointed out the methods of channel sand prediction by using the peak number attribute and analyzed the predictive effect. The results show that this method can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of thin interbedded reservoir.

Fault and fracture distribution within a tight-gas sandstone reservoir: Mesaverde Group, Mamm Creek Field, Piceance Basin, Colorado, USA

The distribution and orientation of faults, fracture intensity and seismic-reflection characteristics of the Mesaverde Group (Williams Fork and Iles formations) at Mamm Creek Field vary stratigraphically, and with lithology and depositional setting. For the Mesaverde Group, the occurrence of faults and natural fractures is important as they provide conduits for gas migration, and enhance the permeability and productivity of the tight-gas sandstones. The Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group represents fluvial, alluvial-plain, coastal-plain and shallow-marine depositional environments. Structural interpretations based on three-dimensional (3D) seismic-amplitude data, ant-track (algorithm that enhances seismic discontinuities) seismic attributes and curvature attributes are utilized jointly to understand the complex fault characteristics of the Williams Fork Formation. This study reveals that the lowermost lower Williams Fork Formation is characterized by NNW- and east–west-trending small-scale thrust and normal faults. Study suggests that the uppermost lower Williams Fork Formation, and the middle and upper Williams Fork formations, exhibit NNE- and east–west-trending arrays of fault splays that terminate upwards and do not appear to displace the upper Williams Fork Formation. In the uppermost Williams Fork Formation and Ohio Creek Member, NNE-trending discontinuities are displaced by east–west-trending events and the east–west-trending events dominate. Fracture analysis, based on borehole-image logs, together with ant-track and attenuation-related seismic attributes, illustrates the spatial variability of fracture intensity and lithological controls on fracture distribution. In general, higher fracture intensity occurs within the southern, southwestern and western portions of the field, and fracture intensity is greater within the fluvial sandstone deposits of the middle and upper Williams Fork formations. More than 90% of natural fractures occur in sandstones and siltstones. In situ stress analysis, based on induced-tensile fractures and borehole breakouts, indicates a NNW orientation of present-day maximum horizontal stress ( S H max ), an approximate 20° rotation (in a clockwise direction) in the orientation of S H max with depth and an abrupt stress shift below the Williams Fork Formation within the Rollins Sandstone Member.

Did massive glacial dewatering modify sedimentary structures on the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf, West Antarctica?

Multichannel seismic reflection lines collected in the western Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) provide an insight into the sedimentary cover on the shelf, which documents glacial processes. Numerous columnar, reflection-poor structures penetrating the sedimentary sequences on the middle shelf form the focus of this study. The features range between 50 and 500m in width, and from a few metres up to 500m in height. The columns originate and end at different depths, but do not seem to penetrate to the seafloor. They show well-defined vertical boundaries, and reflection signals can be identified below them. Hence, we exclude gas-bearing chimneys. Based on the general seismic reflection characteristics we suggest that the columns originate from dewatering processes which occur close to glaciated areas where fluids are pressed out of rapidly loaded sediments. Likely several mud-diapirs rise from water-rich mud layers within a mixed sedimentary succession and penetrate overlying denser and coarse-grained sediment strata. The presence of fluid-escape veins indicates a glacial origin and overprinting of the older sedimentary sequences on the ASE. The locations of the structures indicate that grounded ice sheets reached at least onto the middle shelf during former glacial periods.

Mass-transport deposits and gas hydrate occurrences in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea – Part 2: Gas hydrate content and fracture-induced anisotropy

Mass-transport-deposits (MTDs) and hemipelagic mud interbedded with sandy turbidites are the main sedimentary facies in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, offshore Korea. The MTDs show similar seismic reflection characteristics to gas-hydrate-bearing sediments such as regional seismic blanking (absence of internal reflectivity) and a polarity reversed base-reflection identical to the bottom-simulating reflector (BSR). Drilling in 2007 in the Ulleung Basin recovered sediments within the MTDs that exhibit elevated electrical resistivity and P-wave velocity, similar to gas hydrate-bearing sediments. In contrast, hemipelagic mud intercalated with sandy turbidites has much higher porosity and correspondingly lower electrical resistivity and P-wave velocity.At drill-site UBGH1-4 the bottom half of one prominent MTD unit shows two bands of parallel fractures on the resistivity log-images indicating a common dip-azimuth direction of about ∼230° (strike of ∼140°). This strike-direction is perpendicular to the seismically defined flow-path of the MTD to the north-east. At Site UBGH1-14, the log-data suggest two zones with preferred fracture orientations (top: ∼250°, bottom: ∼130°), indicating flow-directions to the north-east for the top zone, and north-west for the bottom zone. The fracture patterns may indicate post-depositional sedimentation that gave rise to a preferred fracturing possibly linked to dewatering pathways. Alternatively, fractures may be related to the formation of pressure-ridges common within MTD units.For the interval of observed MTD units, the resistivity and P-wave velocity log-data yield gas hydrate concentrations up to ∼10% at Site UBGH1-4 and ∼25% at Site UBGH1-14 calculated using traditional isotropic theories such as Archie's law or effective medium modeling. However, accounting for anisotropic effects in the calculation to honor observed fracture patterns, the gas hydrate concentration is overall reduced to less than 5%. In contrast, gas hydrate was recovered at Site UBGH1-4 near the base of gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). Log-data predict gas hydrate concentrations of 10–15% over an interval of 25 m above the base of GHSZ. The sediments of this interval are comprised of the hemipelagic mud and interbedded thin sandy turbidites, which did contain pore-filling gas hydrate as identified from pore-water freshening and core infra-red imaging. Seismically, this unit reveals a coherent parallel bedding character but has overall faint reflection amplitude. This gas-hydrate-bearing interval can be best mapped using a combination of regular seismic amplitude and seismic attributes such as Shale indicator, Parallel-bedding indicator, and Thin-bed indicator.

Geophysical Indicators of Gas Hydrate in the Northern Continental Margin, South China Sea

Gas hydrate drilling results show that gas hydrate has a close relationship with strong bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) identified from seismic data in the Baiyun sag, South China Sea. The BSRs observed on seismic profiles at the crests of submarine canyons indicate the likely existence of gas hydrate. We calculate the acoustic impedance using constrained sparse spike inversion (CSSI), the interval velocity, and the seismic reflection characteristics such as reflection strength, instantaneous frequency, blanking, and enhanced reflection to demonstrate the presence of gas hydrate. Higher acoustic impedance and P-wave velocity were identified above the BSR. A remarkable low impedance, low frequency, and acoustic blanking indicated the presence of gas below gas hydrate stability zone. The occurrence of gas hydrate at the crests of canyons suggests that the abundance of gas hydrate in Baiyun sag may be due to the migrating submarine canyons providing the structural reliefs and the topographic ridges.

Variations in bottom water activity at the southern Argentine margin: indications from a seismic analysis of a continental slope terrace

Continental slope terraces at the southern Argentine margin are part of a significant contourite depositional system composed of a variety of drifts, channels, and sediment waves. Here, a refined seismostratigraphic model for the sedimentary development of the Valentin Feilberg Terrace located in ~4.1 km water depth is presented. Analyzing multichannel seismic profiles across and along this terrace, significant changes in terrace morphology and seismic reflection character are identified and interpreted to reflect variations in deep water hydrography from Late Miocene to recent times, involving variable flow of Antarctic Bottom Water and Circumpolar Deep Water. A prominent basin-wide aggradational seismic unit is interpreted to represent the Mid-Miocene climatic optimum (~17–14 Ma). A major current reorganization can be inferred for the time ~14–12 Ma when the Valentin Feilberg Terrace started growing due to the deposition of sheeted and mounded drifts. After ~12 Ma, bottom water flow remained vigorous at both margins of the terrace. Another intensification of bottom flow occurred at ~5–6 Ma when a mounded drift, moats, and sediment waves developed on the terrace. This may have been caused by a general change in deep water mass organization following the closure of the Panamanian gateway, and a subsequent stronger southward flow of North Atlantic Deep Water.

Effects of Near‐Surface Absorption on Reflection Characteristics of Continental Interbedded Strata: the Dagang Oilfield as an Example

Abstract:Due to the effects of seismic wave field interference, the reflection events generated from interbedded and superposed sand and shale strata no longer have an explicit corresponding relationship with the geological interface. The absorption of the near‐surface layer decreases the resolution of the seismic wavelet, intensifies the interference of seismic reflections from different sand bodies, and makes seismic data interpretation of thin interbedded strata more complex and difficult. In order to concretely investigate and analyze the effects of the near‐surface absorption on seismic reflection characteristics of interbedded strata, and to make clear the ability of current technologies to compensate the near‐surface absorption, a geological model of continental interbedded strata with near‐surface absorption was designed, and the prestack seismic wave field was numerically simulated with wave equations. Then, the simulated wave field was processed by the prestack time migration, the effects of near‐surface absorption on prestack and poststack reflection characteristics were analyzed, and the near‐surface absorption was compensated for by inverse Q‐filtering. The model test shows that: (1) the reliability of prediction and delineation of a continental reservoir with AVO inversion is degraded due to the lateral variation of the near‐surface structure; (2) the corresponding relationships between seismic reflection events and geological interfaces are further weakened as a result of near‐surface absorption; and (3) the current technology of absorption compensation probably results in false geological structure and anomaly. Based on the model experiment, the real seismic data of the Dagang Oil Field were analyzed and processed. The seismic reflection characteristics of continental interbedded strata were improved, and the reliability of geological interpretation from seismic data was enhanced.