Seed Soaking Treatment Research Articles

Biocontrol of Sugarbeet Pathogen Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. by Streptomyces aureofaciens

The potential of microbial antagonism was explored in the control of sugarbeet Fusarium disease. The in vitro studies showed that a 70% concentration of the culture filtrate of S. aureofaciens significantly inhibited the spore germination, mycelial growth and sporulation of Fusarium solani. The in vivo studies involved different treatments. Seed coating treatment was the most effective in controlling F. solani at all cultivation periods in all the three-sugarbeet cultivars Raspoly, TOP and Tribel. The former cultivar showed the highest growth response compared with the other two cultivars. Soil pre-inoculation was less effective whereas seed-soaking treatment was the least effective in this respect.

Towards the biological control of fungal and bacterial diseases of tomato using antagonistic Streptomyces spp.

This investigation was designed to explore the potential of microbial antagonism in the control of some tomato diseases including bacterial, Fusarium and Verticillium wilts; early blight; bacterial canker. Three Streptomyces spp. were used: S. pulcher, S. canescens and S. citreofluorescens. The in vitro studies showed that an 80% concentration of the culture filtrate of either S. pulcher or S. canescens significantly inhibited spore germination, mycelial growth and spotulation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Verticillium albo-atrum and Alternaria solani. The same concentration of filtrate of either S. pulcher or S. citreofluorescens was detrimental to the bacterial populations of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Pseudomonas solanacearum. The in vivo studies involved different treatments: soaking tomato seeds in filtrate of the antagonist prior to sowing, inoculation of the soil with the antagonist 7 days before sowing, and coating of tomato seeds with spores of the antagonist before sowing. The seed-coating treatment was the most effective in controlling all the pathogens at 42 and 63 days after sowing. Soil inoculation with the antagonist 7 days prior to sowing was less effective in controlling the tomato pathogens as compared to seed-coating. The seed-soaking treatment was the least effective in controlling the diseases concerned. The results also revealed that seed-coating with antagonistic Streptomyces spp. significantly improved tomato growth.

Effect of kinetin on water relations, photosynthesis, respiration and chlorophyll and nucleic acid contents of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under salinity

The effect of kinetin (10 g m-3) presowing seed soaking treatment on water relations, chlorophyll (Chl) and nucleic acid contents, and photosynthetic and respiration rates in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a greenhouse under three salinity levels (i.e. 0,6 and 9 dS m-1 ECe) was studied. Relative water content and osmotic potential showed a progressive decline with increase in the salinity but there was an increase in chlorophyll (a+b) content in the leaves. Salinity decreased RNA content and net photosynthetic and respiration rates. Seed soaking either in water or kinetin enhanced the relative water content of leaves but reduced osmotic potential under both saline and non-saline conditions.

Plant Growth-Regulating Activities of Nicotinamide : I. Effect of nicotinamide on growth of rice seedlings

This investigation was conducted on rice seedlings to elucidate the plant growth-regulating properties of nicotinamide which was isolated from rice hulls. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Effects of nicotinamide on growth of rice seedlings, ability of preventing chlorophyll degradation in leaf tissue of rice plant and germination ability were greater than those of nicotinic acid. 2. The root growth of rice was promoted by seed soaking treatment with nicotinamide. 3. The top and root growth of rice were accelerated by pre-transplanting root soaking treatment with nicotinamide, and the root fresh weight was increased remarkably. 4. Soil treatment with nicotinamide and nicotinamide with hydroxy isoxazole immediately after sowing of rice seeds in the seedling beds markedly enhanced the rooting ability and root activity (oxidizing or reducing activity of roots) and the increasing rates of geotropic curvature response of rice seedlings. 5. The growth promoting activity with nicotinamide was particularly shown after the fifth leaf position of rice.

Infection of soft rot of Konnyaku in seed soaking treatment with fungicides

Infection of soft rot of Konnyaku in seed soaking treatment with fungicides

Responses of Nematode Infected Peanut Plants to Maleic Hydrazide1

AbstractGall formations on the roots of plants that are susceptible to root‐knot nematodes may be due to the presence of an auxin. Maleic hydrazide (MH), an antiauxin, has produced nematode and gall‐inhibiting effects in some plants. This chemical was tested on peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., to determine if it would aid in preventing galling and nematode damage.A seed soaking treatment at planting in 125 ppm and also foliar spray applications of 125 and 250 ppm of maleic hydrazide were applied to ‘Dixie Spanish’ variety peanuts that were in the two‐leaf stage. The plants were grown in the greenhouse at 21 to 29C for 42 days in soil that had been inoculated at planting with Northern root‐knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood.Little stunting and slight chlorosis occurred in the seed treatment but severe stunting and chlorosis was observed early in the test in the foliar applications. At harvest, total plant green weights and plant heights were significantly reduced in the MH foliar treatments. Galling was not inhibited and microscopic examinations of the galls failed to reveal significant differences in giant cell formation, or nematode development or reproduction in the MH treatments.

Seed Soaking As A Pre‐Sowing, Drought‐Hardening Treatment in Wheat and Barley Seedlings1

AbstractThe effect of seed soaking treatment of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was investigated using distilled water or nine other dilute solutions — CaCl2, ZnSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, adenine, gibberellic acid, vitamin K3, 2,4‐D, and garlic extract. Three wheat varieties and two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties were also subjected to seed pre‐sowing treatment in water or 0.25% CaCl2 solution.The seedlings were tested at 3 to 4 weeks of age for desiccation resistance, transpiration, germination and growth in mannitol, and recovery. CaCl2 solution, 0.25%, seemed to be somewhat effective in inducing more desiccation resistance in wheat, with the ‘Ponca’ variety showing the highest response and ‘Red Chief’ the lowest. In barley, water or CaCl2 induced better water retention in ‘Ward’ variety only. No response was detected in ‘Rogers.’ Seed pre‐soaking in 2,4‐D caused a decrease in desirable xeromorphic features. Most of the other treatments had either no effect or undesirable effects.It is concluded that no generalized statement as to the effect of pre‐sowing seed treatment can be made since the response seems to depend upon the treatment and variety used. This may help to explain some of the contradictory results reported in the literature.