Sedentary Behaviour In Adolescents Research Articles

Fatores associados à atividade física e aos comportamentos sedentários em adolescentes

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviors in adolescents. The sample consisted of 1675 students (784 boys and 891 girls) ranging in age from 11-17 years from Caxias do Sul, RS. A questionnaire was applied to identify physical activity level (PAL, 3-day recall) and weekly hours of sedentary behavior. Low PAL was defined as energy expenditure less than 37 kcal/kg per day, and elevated sedentary behavior (ESB) was defined as more than 14 h/week watching TV, playing video games or using a computer. Chi-square test results indicated a higher prevalence of low PAL among girls (66.8%>43.2%, p<0.001), whereas the prevalence of ESB was higher among boys (89.6%>84.0%, p=0.001). Using a Poisson hierarchical regression model, low PAL was associated with up to 4 persons living at home (PR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.00-1.46) and low maternal PAL (PR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.00-1.53) among boys, and with age 15-17 years (PR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.18-1.44), up to 4 persons living at home (PR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.04-1.31), having a TV in the bedroom (PR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.02-1.25) and passive transport to school (PR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.00-1.22) among girls. In girls, ESB was associated with high parental educational level (PR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.16) and having a TV in the bedroom (PR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.08-1.22). The results suggest an association between socioeconomic measures and risk behaviors (low PAL and ESB). Knowledge about the factors associated with low PAL and ESB facilitates the implantation of more effective interventions in order to promote a more active lifestyle.

Sedentary behavior in adolescents: the 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sedentary behavior and investigate associated factors in adolescents 11 years of age from the 1993 birth cohort in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Sedentary behavior was investigated with a questionnaire, and was defined as spending more than two hours per day watching television, playing videogames, or using the computer. Of the 4,452 adolescents interviewed, 98% reported watching television, 44% playing videogames, and 22% using the computer. The average time spent on each of these electronic media was 197, 36, and 17 minutes per day, respectively. Prevalence of sedentary behavior was 79.7% (95%CI: 78.6; 80.9) and showed a positive association with socioeconomic level and nutritional status and a negative association with well-being. These 11-year-olds spent extensive time at TV viewing, videogames, and the computer. Special attention should be given to the most exposed groups of adolescents, including the more affluent, overweight, and those with limited schooling.

Confounding Effect of Biologic Maturation on Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents

Sex differences in physical activity (PA) through pubertal maturation and the growth spurt are often attributed to changing interests. The contribution of sex differences in biological maturation to the adolescent decline has received limited attention. This study examined the contribution of somatic maturation to sex differences in objective assessments of sedentary behavior and PA in Portuguese adolescents (N = 302, aged 13-16 years). Maturation was estimated from the percentage of predicted mature stature and physically active and inactive behaviors assessed with Actigraph GT1M accelerometers. The influence of age, sex and their interaction on body size, maturation and physical behaviors were examined using factorial ANOVA and, subsequently, ANCOVA (controlling for maturation) tested the effect of sex. Males spent more time in MVPA and less time in sedentary behavior than females. However, sex differences were attenuated when maturation was controlled; thus suggesting that maturity may play an important role in adolescent behaviors.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

The purpose of this study was to describe the associations between levels of physical activity measured by accelerometry and changes in fitness, body composition, lipids, and glucose control (i.e., glycosolated hemoglobin [A1C]) in a sample of 16 adolescents with type 1 diabetes participating in a personalized exercise program. More sedentary activity was associated with lower fitness and fat free mass and increased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), and triglycerides (p < .05). Greater amounts of moderate to vigorous activity were associated with higher fitness and fat free mass, and decreased total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, and A1C (p < .05). Findings support the beneficial effects of increased moderate activity and decreased sedentary behavior to reduce cardiovascular risks and improve glucose control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Sedentary patterns and media availability in European adolescents: The HELENA study

Objective To describe sedentary behaviors in adolescents and to examine the influence of media availability on TV viewing. Method The study assessed 3278 adolescents (1537 males and 1741 females, 12.5–17.5 years) involved in the HELENA study (2007). Adolescents reported hours of TV viewing, computer games, console, internet for study and non-study reasons, and study, as well as availability of TVs, computers and consoles. Results Time spent in sedentary behaviors was higher during weekends (all p < 0.001). Males spent more hours on TV viewing (for ≥ 15 years at weekends), playing computer games and console games while females spent more time studying and surfing for non-study reasons. During weekdays, one third of adolescents exceeded the screen time guidelines (> 2 h/day) based solely on TV viewing, whereas around 60% exceeded it at weekends. Having a TV or a console in the bedroom was associated with higher TV viewing (OR = 2.66; 95% CI 2.23–3.18; and OR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.61–2.28, respectively) whereas the presence of computer reduced it (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.48–0.68). Conclusion Adolescents living in Europe are not meeting media recommendations, especially during weekend. The absence of a TV in the adolescents' bedroom might reduce TV viewing. Further studies are needed to confirm or contrast our findings.

Inatividade física e sua associação com estado nutricional, insatisfação com a imagem corporal e comportamentos sedentários em adolescentes de escolas públicas

OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de inatividade física e sua associação com estado nutricional, insatisfação com a imagem corporal e comportamentos sedentários em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e de associação, conduzido em 595 escolares (196 do sexo masculino e 399 do feminino; com 14-18 anos) da rede pública de Florianópolis (SC). As variáveis independentes foram: idade, percepção da imagem corporal, estado nutricional e comportamentos sedentários (televisão, videogame, computador). Os adolescentes com menos de 300 minutos de atividade física por semana foram considerados insuficientemente ativos. A regressão logística foi utilizada para verificar possíveis associações entre a inatividade física e as variáveis independentes. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de inatividade física foi de 25,4% (masculino: 21,9%, feminino: 27,1%; p=0,20). Entre os rapazes, não foi encontrada associação entre o desfecho e as variáveis independentes. Em contrapartida, verificou-se que as moças classificadas como insuficientemente ativas apresentaram 2,55 vezes mais chance de ter baixo peso (IC95%=1,36-4,77). Além disso, a chance de apresentar o desfecho foi 1,67 vezes maior entre aquelas que permanecem mais de duas horas diárias assistindo à televisão (IC95%=1,03-2,71). CONCLUSÕES: Um em cada quatro adolescentes foi classificado como insuficientemente ativo. Apresentar baixo peso e permanecer mais de duas horas por dia assistindo à televisão foram fatores associados à inatividade física em adolescentes do gênero feminino. Sugere-se que os adolescentes, principalmente do sexo feminino, sejam orientados sobre a importância da prática regular de atividade física e de uma alimentação saudável.

The Association between Distance to School, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Adolescents: Project STIL

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between distance to school and levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior in UK adolescents. Participants were 1385 adolescents (boys n = 531; mean age 14.7 years). Boys living within two miles of school and girls living within 5 miles of school were more likely to report high levels (> or = 60 min per day) of weekday leisure time physical activity. Differences in weekday leisure time physical activity were accounted for by active travel time. There were no differences in sedentary behavior time by distance to school. Journeys, whether active or motorized, most often took place with friends. Further research should investigate wider physical and social environmental influences on active travel.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors associated factors in adolescents

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviors in adolescents. The sample consisted of 1675 students (784 boys and 891 girls) ranging in age from 11-17 years from Caxias do Sul, RS. A questionnaire was applied to identify physical activity level (PAL, 3-day recall) and weekly hours of sedentary behavior. Low PAL was defined as energy expenditure less than 37 kcal/kg per day, and elevated sedentary behavior (ESB) was defined as more than 14 h/week watching TV, playing video games or using a computer. Chi-square test results indicated a higher prevalence of low PAL among girls (66.8%>43.2%, p 84.0%, p=0.001). Using a Poisson hierarchical regression model, low PAL was associated with up to 4 persons living at home (PR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.00-1.46) and low maternal PAL (PR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.00-1.53) among boys, and with age 15-17 years (PR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.18-1.44), up to 4 persons living at home (PR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.04-1.31), having a TV in the bedroom (PR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.02-1.25) and passive transport to school (PR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.00-1.22) among girls. In girls, ESB was associated with high parental educational level (PR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.16) and having a TV in the bedroom (PR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.08-1.22). The results suggest an association between socioeconomic measures and risk behaviors (low PAL and ESB). Knowledge about the factors associated with low PAL and ESB facilitates the implantation of more effective interventions in order to promote a more active lifestyle.

Critical Hours: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Adolescents after School

The present study examined physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns of adolescents between 15.30h and 18.30h. The sample for this study is 1,484 (boys: n = 561; girls: n = 923). Boys and girls reported 21 and 19 min of physical activity and 24 and 26 min of homework respectively during this period. Technology-based sedentary behavior (TV viewing, computer and video game use) was significantly higher in boys than girls (boys = 50 mins; girls = 35 mins; p < .05). The most prevalent behaviors after school are technology-based sedentary behavior, homework and physical activity. During these hours, engagement in physical activity does not appear to displace time spent doing homework.

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents in Xi’an City, China

Physical activity levels were assessed among adolescents in Xi’an City, China, using a validated physical activity questionnaire. Physical activity recommendations were met by 56% of the adolescents and boys were more active than girls. The mean daily sedentary time was 6.4 hours, among which 3 hours was spent doing homework.

Trends in physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adolescence: ethnic and socioeconomic differences

Objective: To assess developmental trends in physical activity and sedentary behaviour in British adolescents in relation to sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). Design: A 5-year longitudinal study of a...

Self-Control Abilities are Correlated with Body Mass Index, Fat Intake and Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents

Self-Control Abilities are Correlated with Body Mass Index, Fat Intake and Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents

Randomized Controlled Trial of a Primary Care and Home-Based Intervention for Physical Activity and Nutrition Behaviors

Many adolescents do not meet national guidelines for participation in regular moderate or vigorous physical activity (PA); limitations on sedentary behaviors; or dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, fiber, or total dietary fat. This study evaluated a health care-based intervention to improve these behaviors. Randomized controlled trial. Primary care with follow-up at home. Eight hundred seventy-eight adolescent girls and boys aged 11 to 15 years. Two experimental conditions: (1) Primary care, office-based, computer-assisted diet and PA assessment and stage-based goal setting followed by brief health care provider counseling and 12 months of monthly mail and telephone counseling and (2) a comparison condition addressing sun exposure protection. Minutes per week of moderate plus vigorous PA measured by self-report and accelerometer; self-report of days per week of PA and sedentary behaviors; and percentage of energy from fat and servings per day of fruits and vegetables measured by three 24-hour diet recalls. Body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) was a secondary outcome. Compared with adolescents in the sun protection condition, girls and boys in the diet and PA intervention significantly reduced sedentary behaviors (intervention vs control change, 4.3 to 3.4 h/d vs 4.2 to 4.4 h/d for girls, respectively [P = .001]; 4.2 to 3.2 h/d vs 4.2 to 4.3 h/d for boys, respectively [P = .001]). Boys reported more active days per week (intervention vs control change: 4.1 to 4.4 d/wk vs 3.8 to 3.8 d/w, respectively [P = .01]), and the number of servings of fruits and vegetables for girls approached significance (intervention vs control change, 3.5 to 4.2 servings/d vs 3.5 to 3.9 servings/d, respectively [P = .07]). No intervention effects were seen with percentage of calories from fat or minutes of PA per week. Percentage of adolescents meeting recommended health guidelines was significantly improved for girls for consumption of saturated fat (intervention vs control change, 23.4% to 41.0% vs 18.5% to 31%, respectively [relative risk, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.68]) and for boys' participation in d/wk of PA (intervention vs control change, 45.3% to 55.4% vs 41.9% to 38.0%, respectively [relative risk, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.75]). No between-group differences were seen in body mass index. Improvements in some diet, PA, and sedentary behaviors in adolescents can be enabled through the use of a 1-year, integrated intervention using the computer, health provider counseling, mail, and telephone. The amount of intervention received may contribute to its efficacy.

Psychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Adolescent Sedentary Behaviors

To determine correlates of sedentary behaviors in adolescents through the examination of psychosocial and environmental variables. The study used a cross-sectional design to evaluate an ethnically diverse clinic-based sample of 878 adolescents who were 11 to 15 years old. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were stratified by gender to assess correlates of sedentary behaviors occurring on the most recent nonschool day (television viewing, computer video games, sitting listening to music, and talking on the phone). For girls, age, family support, television/video rules, and hills in the neighborhood were associated with sedentary behaviors. Furthermore, psychological constructs such as self-efficacy, enjoyment, change strategies, and pros and cons of change emerged as correlates of sedentary behaviors. A moderator effect revealed that the proportion of girls in the low-BMI group decreased with increased self-efficacy, whereas the proportion of girls in the high-BMI group did not vary significantly by self-efficacy. For boys, age, ethnicity, BMI, cons of change, and self-efficacy were associated with sedentary behaviors. This study provides evidence of factors associated and not associated with adolescent sedentary behaviors. Similar to physical activity, measures of specific psychosocial constructs of sedentary behavior demonstrated important associations. The results highlight the need for additional examination of the correlates of sedentary behavior to determine which correlates are mechanisms of behavior change.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors in adolescents

The main goal of this study was to address two questions: How is physical activity affected by sedentary behavior (computer, television, and commuting), and how are physical activity characteristics (intensity, frequency, type) different based on adolescents reports of physical activity? The sample comprised 230 girls and 220 boys 14.6 years of age. Physical activity (PA) was assessed by questionnaire. Based on previously published standards, participants were grouped into the nonactive group, which included both sedentary and low active youth, and the active group, which included the moderately and vigorously active youth. Another questionnaire about leisure activities was applied to define the nature of PA. Sedentary behaviors, such as television viewing and computer use (weekday and weekend), and commuting to and from school (passive vs. active) were analyzed. Significantly more girls (p<or=.000) belonged to the inactive group (71.7%) than boys. The active participants reported being significantly more engaged in moderate intensity (49.1%; p<.000), moderate frequency (55.6%; p<.001), and team activities (62.0%; p<.005) than inactive participants. In addition, active participants reported significantly more participation in organized sports (21.6% vs. 5.2%) and in both activities (organized and individual activities; 45.5% vs. 3.9%) than nonactive counterparts. Our data show that active versus inactive groups did not differ on television watching on weekdays or on commuting. However, active participants were less likely to watch television on the weekends than inactive participants. Logistic regression showed that computer use during weekdays was a predictor of PA. An increase in computer use time (from 1 hr to 2-3 hr/day) was associated a higher PA. Sedentary behaviors such as television viewing or computer use might have different value in relation to PA for youth.

Development of decisional balance and self-efficacy measures for adolescent sedentary behaviors

Evidence indicates that sedentary time, particularly TV viewing and playing computer/video games, is likely an independent risk factor for children being overweight. Valid measures of psychosocial constructs related to sedentary behaviors are needed to better understand this behavior. In this study, we develop and validate measures of decisional balance and self-efficacy for reducing sedentary behaviors. In a sample of 878 adolescents, the measurement structure of the constructs was tested in a series of confirmatory factor analyses that indicated excellent model fit and structural invariance between boys and girls. Expected patterns across stages of change provided construct validity evidence. These findings provide psychometric support for psychosocial measures related to adolescent sedentary behaviors. The measures can be useful in the development and assessment of interventions designed to reduce adolescent sedentary time.