Security Viewpoints Research Articles

RELIGIOUS MODERATION UNVEILED: The Intersection of Textual and Contextual Approaches to Understanding Indonesian Muslims

<p class="AbstractText">This article examines the concept of religious moderation using an intersectional approach to illustrate the disparity in its interpretation between state policies and societal practice. Prior literature has explored religious moderation from doctrinal and security viewpoints. This study proposes a new perspective to enhance the understanding of religious moderation in the Indonesian context by presenting its interpretation through two distinct lenses. First, it examines the concept of religious moderation within the context of daily interactions among religious communities. Second, this article criticizes the state's intervention in religious moderation campaigns. This article argues that religious moderation is inherently intricate, a complexity that finds resonance in the stance adopted by the state and everyday civil practice. The contention here is that the multifaceted nature of religious moderation is not confined to theoretical discourse; it reverberates through the policies enacted by the state and is interwoven with the actions and routines of individuals within the society.</p>

A new air gap flux‐based technique to detect loss of field in synchronous generators

AbstractA new technique is proposed for loss of field (LOF) detection in synchronous generators (SGs). The proposed scheme employs the variations of SG angular velocity ∆ωφ and load angle ∆δφ to reach this goal, while the mentioned parameters are estimated through air gap flux estimation. The proposed scheme performance is evaluated using realistic simulation case studies based on IEEE C. 37. 102 standard compared to the conventional impedance‐based one. The obtained results show that the presented scheme excels the conventional scheme from speed and security viewpoints. Moreover, the estimation procedure of ∆ωφ and ∆δφ is experimentally validated by using a 10 kVA SG and the results demonstrate that the proposed technique can be easily set and implemented.

Making the Puzzle Pieces Fit – Utilizing UAF to Model a Cybersecurity SoS

ABSTRACTWhile there are security bundles on the market, most IT departments operate with a wide range of products (an average of 75) just to secure their network (Zurkus 2016). Companies developed the security products independently and offer little to no cross‐product integration. Although many people treat cybersecurity infrastructures as systems, it is far better to view them as a System of Systems (SoS) as many different parts of an organization develop, manage, and operate the systems they must protect. So, for system engineers attempting to secure systems, utilizing the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) to create a map of these systems and software and how they must integrate is a far better practice than SysML. Not only is UAF specifically designed to handle an SoS, but it includes Security Viewpoints which can more easily represent the complex interactions between individual security systems. In this article, we will briefly discuss an introduction to UAF, explain its benefits when modeling integrated security for complex systems of systems, offer solutions to the most common issues encountered when attempting to model the interactions between security elements, and demonstrate how they address the FuSE concepts of security orchestration and architectural agility.

Flower plantings promote insect pollinator abundance and wild bee richness in Canadian agricultural landscapes

Global declines in pollinator populations are an ongoing concern from biodiversity and food security viewpoints. A growing conservation initiative in agricultural landscapes is the establishment of wildflowers on marginal lands to provide floral resources and habitat for pollinators. However, the effectiveness of such conservation and restoration efforts are not always assessed. We assessed the effectiveness of a private sector pollinator conservation initiative by (1) comparing insect abundance and richness between planted flower plots and control plots and (2) assessing changes between years. Over two years, planted flower plots and control plots (i.e. out-of-production farm areas) located in Canada were surveyed for insects using visual observation, netting, and pan trapping methods. Significantly more pollinators, especially wild bees, and higher wild bee richness were found in planted plots than control plots. Plot size had no effect on insect abundance and richness indicating that even small-scale flower plantings can provide benefits to pollinator communities. While pollinator, predator, and herbivore arthropod abundance and richness were stable or declined between years, likely due to adverse weather conditions in the second year of the study, wild bee abundance and richness increased over the same period. Our results support that flower plantings can be a successful conservation tool to increase pollinator and wild bee abundance and biodiversity within agricultural landscapes.Implications for insect conservationSmall-scale flower plantings within agricultural landscapes are a simple and effective conservation management strategy to support local insect pollinator populations.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10841-022-00400-8.

The intelligence battle in the Gulf of Guinea: Espionage and counter-espionage operations in Spanish Guinea

The study, on which this article is based, focused on the redistribution of geopolitical maps that took place in sub-Saharan Africa after the advent of the Third Reich, which resulted in the institutionalisation of the practice of intelligence in the Gulf of Guinea. This historical plot testifies to the clash between the colonial branches of the British, German and United States intelligence services through clandestine operations in the Spanish Guinean colony. Addressing the issue of the perception of Spanish Guinea by the intelligence services of the various belligerent European powers, this article highlights the factors behind the apprehension of sub-Saharan Africa as a theatre of operations in the Second World War. The archival sources and the bibliographic data analysed from the perspective of Intelligence Studies, revealed the consideration of the colony of Spanish Guinea as a target of paramount importance by the German, French, British and American units in charge of the underground war, an offensive strategy, which inaugurated a new paradigm from military and security view points for Cameroon under the League of Nations trusteeship.

Characteristic insights on industrial cyber security and popular defense mechanisms

Due to the deep integration of information technology and operational technology, networked control systems are experiencing an increasing risk of international cyber attacks. In practice, industrial cyber security is a significant topic because current networked control systems are supporting various critical infrastructures to offer vital utility services. By comparing with traditional IT systems, this paper first analyzes the uncontrollable cyber threats and classified attack characteristics, and elaborates the intrinsic vulnerabilities in current networked control systems and novel security challenges in future Industrial Internet. After that, in order to overcome partial vulnerabilities, this paper presents a few representative security mechanisms which have been successfully applied in today's industrial control systems, and these mechanisms originally improve traditional IT defense technologies from the perspective of industrial availability. Finally, several popular security viewpoints, adequately covering the needs of industrial network structures and service characteristics, are proposed to combine with burgeoning industrial information technologies. We target to provide some helpful security guidelines for both academia and industry, and hope that our insights can further promote in-depth development of industrial cyber security.

Secure Data Transmission by Detecting Different Attacks in CRN to improve the throughput

Cognitive Radio (CR) is a technology that promises to solve the data transmission problem by allowing secondary users to coexist with primary user without causing any interference to the communication. It means to improve the usage of the radio assets to improve the throughput. Despite the fact that the operational parts of CR are being investigated broadly, its security viewpoints have increased little consideration. In this work, present a CRN architecture , Different Protocol, with complete rundown of major known security dangers and assaults inside a Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). Our goal in this paper is to dissect the distinctive security issues of the primary ongoing advancements of Cognitive Radio Networks with proper resource allocation to improve the throughput.

Implementation of Dynamic Replication Integrated Blockchain for Security in Cloud Environment

Cloud Computing is one of the key domains with the specific focus towards the security and integrity. For enforce the security and integrity, a number of approaches can be implemented but the integration of Blockchain Technology is quite novel and effectual. The information replication is one of the key errands during the database security and accessibility and for this there is have to incorporate the blockchain innovation with the security viewpoints. In current situation, the blockchain innovation is increasingly engaged towards digital forms of money in which the appropriated record is kept up for the exchanges. The dispersed record alludes to the recreated, synchronized and shared computerized resource for various areas and gadgets with the goal that the outsider control can't be conceivable. For instance, if a bank pursues the disseminated database record with blockchain innovation can uphold higher level of security. In the event that that bank is having one million clients, at that point the records of the exchanges will be put away on those one million gadgets. It alludes to the way that the programmer should hack one million gadgets continuously as opposed to a solitary server. This is the real preferred position of utilizing the decentralized blockchain technology. In instance of incorporated application, in the event that programmer enters the server of a bank, at that point every one of the subtleties and records of the considerable number of clients can be replicated. That is the principle reason on account of which the administration organizations should concentrate on decentralizing their electronic applications. In this research manuscript, the security parts of cloud databases are proposed to be advanced utilizing the blockchain innovations towards the specific scenarios integrated with the cloud applications.

Introduction to Voluntary Evacuation Risk Assessment

Taking into consideration safety and security viewpoints of persons and property protection, evacuation as common protection mean is well known. Actually, object state-of-the-art comprises solutions generally based on experience gathered in countries much more affected by mass threats as Central Europe nationalities. Voluntary evacuation is treated as the most common evacuation form. Article presents the comparison of research conducted in USA and Poland defining voluntary evacuation scale as a significant risk factor. The evacuation risk influence determinants are described and risk assessment guidelines are performed. The guidelines are related to the state-of-the-art and the local Central Europe determinants.

Systematic review of web application security development model

In recent years, web security has been viewed in the context of securing the web application layer from attacks by unauthorized users. The vulnerabilities existing in the web application layer have been attributed either to using an inappropriate software development model to guide the development process, or the use of a software development model that does not consider security as a key factor. Therefore, this systematic literature review is conducted to investigate the various security development models used to secure the web application layer, the security approaches or techniques used in the process, the stages in the development model in which the approaches or techniques are emphasized, and the tools and mechanism used to detect vulnerabilities. The study extracted 499 publications from respectable scientific sources, i.e. the IEEE Computer Society, ACM Digital Library, Google-Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link and ISI Web. After investigation, only 43 key primary studies were considered for this review based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the review, it appears that no one development model is referred to as a standard or preferred model for web application development. However, agile development models seem to have gained more attention, probably due to the multiple stakeholders that are involved in discussing security viewpoints, rather than a few members of the development team. It appears also that there is consistency in the use of the threat-modeling technique, probably due to its effectiveness in dealing with different kinds of vulnerabilities.

The US-Russia Missile Defense Dialogue as a Factor of the Russian Defense Policy

To a big extent the Russian defense policy and, as a consequence, development of the Russian defense industrial complex, is determined by the prospects of the US missile defense policy and fate of the US-Russia negotiations in this area. As a cooperative solution seems improbable in the observable future, Russia plans to develop certain response measures of military nature, including creation of a new heavy ICBM, and to create its own missile defense by 2015. However, this policy does not seem correct from the economic, political and security viewpoints. Russia overestimates the possible military challenges of the hypothetic US missile defense system and invests huge funds into fighting non-existent threats. A US-Russia cooperation in missile defense is possible, and it would fundamentally change their overall relations for the better.

Cryptanalysisof two mutual authentication protocols for low-cost RFID

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is appearing as a favorite technology for automated identification, which can be widely applied to many applications such as e-passport, supply chain management and ticketing. However, researchers have found many security and privacy problems along RFID technology. In recent years, many researchers are interested in RFID authentication protocols and their security flaws. In this paper, we analyze two of the newest RFID authentication protocols which proposed by Fu et al. and Li et al. from several security viewpoints. We present different attacks such as desynchronization attack and privacy analysis over these protocols.

Conformation of EPC Class 1 Generation 2 standards RFID system with mutual authentication and privacy protection

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has recently aroused great interest due to its convenience and economic efficiency. Through RFID become popular worldwide, it is susceptible to various attacks and security problems. Since RFID systems use wireless transmission, user privacy may be compromised by malicious people intercepting the information contained in the RFID tags. Many of the methods previously proposed to prevent such attacks do not adequately protect privacy or reduce database loading. In this paper, we propose a new authentication and encryption method that conforms to the EPC Class 1 Generation 2 standards to ensure RFID security between tags and readers. Our scheme not only reduces database loading, but also ensures user privacy. Finally, we survey our scheme from several security viewpoints, and prove its feasibility for use in several applications.

Cancellable biometrics and annotations on BioHash

Lately, the once powerful one-factor authentication which is based solely on either password, token or biometric approach, appears to be insufficient in addressing the challenges of identity frauds. For example, the sole biometric approach suffers from the privacy invasion and non-revocable issues. Passwords and tokens are easily forgotten and lost. To address these issues, the notion of cancellable biometrics was introduced to denote biometric templates that can be cancelled and replaced with the inclusion of another independent authentication factor. BioHash is a form of cancellable biometrics which mixes a set of user-specific random vectors with biometric features. In verification setting, BioHash is able to deliver extremely low error rates as compared to the sole biometric approach when a genuine token is used. However, this raises the possibility of two identity theft scenarios: (i) stolen-biometrics, in which an impostor possesses intercepted biometric data of sufficient high quality to be considered genuine and (ii) stolen-token, in which an impostor has access to the genuine token and used by the impostor to claim as the genuine user. We found that the recognition rate for the latter case is poorer. In this paper, the quantised random projection ensemble based on the Johnson–Lindenstrauss Lemma is used to establish the mathematical foundation of BioHash. Based on this model, we elucidate the characteristics of BioHash in pattern recognition as well as security view points and propose new methods to rectify the stolen-token problem.

Energy Control Centers in Japan - Evaluation of Design Principles and Functions from Security Viewpoints

Features of energy control centers in Japan are introduced from the following angles: (1) Configuration and function of computers in Load Dispatching Offices, taking two examples of different nature to compare design philosophy, function sharing and backup schemes, etc., (2) Relationship between Load Dispatching and Switching Operations, introducing two types of projects going on: (i) Centralized type in Chubu System where Load Dispatching and Switching Operations are issued in a unified hierarchy and (ii) Decentralized type in Kansai System where they are issued by two separate, but closely coupled, hierarchies, (3) Present status and future perspective of system operations from the security viewpoints.