Security Services Research Articles

Comprehensive Approaches for Detecting and Mitigating Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in Modern Network Environments

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks remain one of the most significant threats to the security and availability of online services. These attacks exploit multiple systems, typically compromised devices, to flood a target server with excessive traffic, causing service disruption and resource depletion. Over the years, DDoS attacks have evolved in both scale and complexity, posing new challenges to cybersecurity professionals. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of DDoS attacks, categorizing various types, exploring their impact on both businesses and infrastructure, and reviewing the latest detection and mitigation techniques. We focus on the intersection of machine learning, network traffic analysis, and cloud-based solutions as advanced strategies to counteract these persistent threats. Additionally, we explore case studies highlighting the real-world applications of these methods. The paper concludes by proposing future research directions and the role of emerging technologies such as AI and blockchain in strengthening DDoS defenses.

DDOS Protection System for Cloud: Architecture and Tool

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, in the realm of cloud computing, have become the most serious threats to the availability and reliability of services. However, these attacks become the direct cause of the target system slowdown or shutdown by saturating the servers with a massive amount of traffic. This harms the cloud-based applications' performance. As cloud infrastructure has become the backbone of every company, the development of effective and scalable DDoS protection mechanisms to ensure the continuity of services is a must. This paper gives a clear overview of the architecture and equipment involved in the cloud-based DDoS protection system. We look at the different layers of protection such as traffic filtering, rate-limiting, anomaly detection, and the application of security services native to the cloud. Examples of such Web Application Firewalls (WAFs), Content Delivery Networks (CDNs), and Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) systems. The architecture employs distributed and multi-layered security solutions for detecting and mitigating the attack in real-time whilst keeping the legitimate users safe from any effects

P-1413. Association of Electronic Patient Portal Use and HIV Viral Suppression and Retention in Care among People Living with HIV at an Urban Academic Medical Center

Abstract Background Electronic patient portals are secure websites that give patients access to health information and allow for secure messaging with providers. Portal use has been associated with improved patient engagement in care, better patient-provider communication, and improved health outcomes in non-HIV patient populations, but portal use is under-studied among PLWH. We sought to assess the relationship between patient portal (MyChart) utilization and HIV-related outcomes among PLWH. Methods We collected electronic health record data for PLWH who attended an HIV care visit at an urban academic medical center over 2 years, including demographics, laboratory results, medical encounters, and MyChart status. We compared the demographic characteristics of PLWH with and without an active MyChart account using chi-square. We used logistic regression to assess if MyChart status was associated with outcomes of viral suppression (< 200 copies/mL), retention in care (using the six-month gap definition, i.e., PLWH who attended an HIV care appointment in the prior 6 months are retained), and CD4 count >200 cells/mm3, after controlling for age, race, and sex. Results Among 785 PLWH, the mean age was 47 years (SD=14.9), 70% were male, and 83% were Black/African-American. Black PLWH were significantly less likely than White PLWH to have an active MyChart account (83.6% (543/649) vs. 95.8% (91/95), p< 0.01). PLWH with an active MyChart had increased odds of HIV viral suppression (Odds Ratio [OR]: 2.02, 95% CI [1.3 - 3.7]); retention in care (OR: 2.2 95% CI [1.4 -3.4]); and CD4 >200 (OR: 3.3, 95% CI [1.8 to 6.0]. Conclusion MyChart utilization at the urban academic HIV clinic is associated with positive health outcomes. However, Black PLWH are less likely to utilize MyChart than White PLWH. Additional work is needed to increase MyChart access for non-white patients PLWH, to decrease the digital divide, improve engagement in care and other health outcomes. Disclosures Jessica Ridgway, MD, Gilead Sciences: Expert Testimony

Reporting client-initiated threats and violence in home care services

Summary Home care workers often work alone and are geographically distant from colleagues, managers, and security services, placing them at a high risk for client-initiated violence. Studies have shown that home care workers are subjected to significant degrees of such violence, yet there is an indication of underreporting. Based on 25 individual and group interviews with 79 staff from various types of home care services in Sweden this study aims to enhance our understanding of why home care workers choose to report or not report violence. Findings Using a theoretical lens of emotional labor, the findings reveal that, in the face of violence, workers manage their emotions in accordance with organizational and professional norms. This contributes to and perpetuates a view of client-initiated violence as something that workers should endure, manage, and prevent, rather than acknowledge and report. In the long run, this idea shifts the focus away from the organization and its responsibilities, redirecting it toward the individual worker. Applications As the findings suggest that violence is often minimized and normalized, finding a common definition of client-initiated violence in the organization could relieve workers from having to define and, at worst, reinterpret violent incidents. Furthermore, norms contributing to an understanding of violence as a professional failure should be addressed. Organizations and cultures that facilitate swift reporting, provide organizational support and work against the stigmatization of those who report are likely to create safer and better work situations for their home care workers.

Car Rental System

This Paper gives a quick summary of web based car rental system , where you can rent a car from this website. Customer can rent what ever car they want for a short period of time . It is safe and secure website cause we use some verification process example: information of aadhar card number and driver licence to ensure the driver who is driving the car is above 18 age and has driver licence . this website include the feature like customer login ,password ,check availability od vehicle ,and direct chat with the admin, make payment through credit or debit card .for admin the features are admin login , adding cars ,deleting the cars ,accept or reject the request from the customer. This set of less time consuming and slightly secured when compared to the traditional method ,but still requires the admin to manually key in all client information .This study are develop the vehicles to rent online which include cars, motorcycles and vans and etc. to enhance the coverage of online vehicles rental services in Nashik and finally is to improve the online system for increasing the brands and models over hales for cars and motorcycles and vans to rent online Nashik .other companies are trying to revolutionize their business to adapt the mobile technology that been growing rapid in recent years .Therefore in the work the project aimed to propose a mobile car rental system prototype that is secured and allowed the cars to make reservation of the vehicle that desired. The mobile car rental system includes features as register and login page ,list of vehicles and database related to mobile car rental system

Evaluation of the Level of User Satisfaction of the I-Con Application (Aam Interactive Collection) Using the Pieces Method at PT Anugrah Argon Medica, Medan Branch

The effectiveness of an accounting information system in a company depends significantly on human resource factors, particularly the user's ability to apply and understand the system. This study evaluates the I-CON application at PT Anugrah Argon Medica, Medan Branch, using the PIECES framework, which includes Performance, Information, Economic aspects, Control and Security, Efficiency, and Service quality. A quantitative approach was employed, gathering data through questionnaires distributed to 42 employees, with a census sampling technique applied. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical methods, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing with SPSS. The findings revealed that not all factors significantly influenced user satisfaction. Performance (X1) showed no significant effect, highlighting the need for hardware and software upgrades to enhance system stability and speed. Conversely, Information (X2), Economic aspects (X3), Control (X4), Efficiency (X5), and Services (X6) positively impacted user satisfaction, emphasizing the importance of data accuracy, cost-effectiveness, security, operational efficiency, and responsive support services in improving user experience. These results suggest that companies must focus on these critical dimensions to enhance the effectiveness and user satisfaction of the I-CON application

Zakat and Waqf Synergies to Accelerating Sustainable Development

Integrating zakat and waqf offers significant potential to address multidimensional issues such as poverty, social inequality, and sustainable development. However, fragmented management, limited public understanding of productive waqf, and a lack of digital integration hinder the optimization of their synergy. This research explores the integration of zakat and waqf to support Indonesia's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly within local communities. Using a qualitative literature review approach, the study analyzes the potential, challenges, and opportunities of zakat and waqf integration through thematic analysis of secondary data from academic articles, institutional reports, and legal documents. The findings indicate that zakat and waqf can meet urgent needs, such as food security and health services, while also funding long-term projects like education and agriculture. However, fragmented governmental management, poor public awareness of productive waqf, and inadequate digital integration hinder their full potential. Digital technology plays a transformative role by enhancing transparency, fostering community participation, and improving the integration of zakat and waqf management. This synergy represents a promising strategy to advance the SDGs in Indonesia. Further empirical studies and technological advancements are recommended to optimize this collaboration and ensure its impact on sustainable development.

Alternative Implementation of the Cyber Notary Concept in Indonesia After the Amendment of Law Number 1 of 2024

The integration of technology into various sectors has significantly increased productivity, including in the notarial field, where administrative and time-based tasks can be revolutionized. The amendment to Article 5 paragraph (4) of Law Number 11 Year 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions, through Law Number 1 Year 2024, establishes notarial deeds as electronic documents with legal evidentiary power. This development creates opportunities for implementing the "cyber notary" concept as outlined in Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position. This study aims to analyze the potential application of the "cyber notary" concept within the framework of Indonesian law. A normative juridical research method was employed, using primary and secondary data analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the absence of a clear definition of "cyber notary" often leads to misconceptions, such as equating it with performing notarial duties online. The study identifies alternatives for notaries to integrate "cyber notary" practices while adhering to existing legal frameworks and professional standards. The research highlights the necessity of amending the Notary Position Law to fully implement the "cyber notary" concept. Furthermore, specialized applications are required to support the creation of electronic deeds by notaries. These findings underline the importance of legal and technological reforms to enhance the effectiveness, security, and accessibility of notarial services in the digital era.

BankNet: Real-Time Big Data Analytics for Secure Internet Banking

The rapid growth of Internet banking has necessitated advanced systems for secure, real-time decision making. This paper introduces BankNet, a predictive analytics framework integrating big data tools and a BiLSTM neural network to deliver high-accuracy transaction analysis. BankNet achieves exceptional predictive performance, with a Root Mean Squared Error of 0.0159 and fraud detection accuracy of 98.5%, while efficiently handling data rates up to 1000 Mbps with minimal latency. By addressing critical challenges in fraud detection and operational efficiency, BankNet establishes itself as a robust decision support system for modern Internet banking. Its scalability and precision make it a transformative tool for enhancing security and trust in financial services.

Unified Management of Cyber Security and Compliance through a Comprehensive Platform

These days, any information security product or service used in an organization is a stand-alone solution. Examples include information risk management, data security, auditing, and incident management. Since different organizations use different services from different providers, there is currently no single platform or architecture that can address all of an organization's fundamental information security procedures in one easy step. Because of this, businesses must spend a significant amount of money on separate services in order to meet the information security standards that are necessary for their businesses. These dispersed services lead to an increase in physical and manual labor, disorganized processes, and a lack of clarity regarding all information security-related business issues. To solve these issues, the approach covered in this article combines information security as a service with end-to-end platform/framework to give organizations a single framework for all information security-related organizational aspects. A single service that can handle every information security-related work for the company, including risk assessment, mitigation, vulnerability assessment, incident management, threat analytics, risk response management, and auditing. This will assist the company in spending less money on a wider range of security-related services.

Analysis of the Impact of the Shift in Investigative Authority from Sector Police (Polsek) to Resort Police (Polres) on the Law Enforcement Process and Fulfillment of Justice for the Community in the Jurisdiction of the Bangka Belitung Islands Regional Police

The Indonesian National Police (Polri) holds a central role in safeguarding public security, maintaining order, and enforcing the law in Indonesia. The Chief of the National Police's Decision Number: Kep/613/III/2021 introduces a strategic shift of investigative authority from Sector Police (Polsek) to Resort Police (Polres) in designated areas, including within the Bangka Belitung Islands Regional Police jurisdiction. This transformation is designed to optimize preventive functions at the Polsek level. This study employs a normative juridical method combined with an empirical approach through regulatory analysis and interviews with law enforcement officers and community members. The results reveal that this policy shift positively affects the efficiency of case handling while refocusing the Polsek’s role on community security and public service. Several determining factors, such as geographical distance, report volume, and accessibility, significantly influence the selection of Polseks exempt from investigative duties. The findings suggest that delegating investigative tasks to Polres supports better resource allocation for Polri personnel, enhances community-based policing, and ensures preventive measures are implemented effectively. These changes aim to create a more efficient and equitable system of law enforcement that accommodates the specific needs of various local contexts.

A DIGITALIZAÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS PREVIDENCIÁRIOS NO BRASIL: IMPACTOS, DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO INSS DIGITAL

The modernization of public services in Brazil, with emphasis on digitalization, aims to reduce bureaucracy and improve access to citizens’ rights. INSS Digital is an example of this transformation, allowing Brazilians to request and track social security benefits online. However, the transition to the digital environment brings challenges, such as the exclusion of groups that face barriers in using technology, especially the elderly, low-income people and residents of rural areas. The objective of this study is to analyze how the implementation of INSS Digital impacts access to social security rights in Brazil, identifying the difficulties faced by users. The research uses a literature review, focusing on technological innovations and accessibility barriers. The results indicate that, although INSS Digital has improved the efficiency of services, many citizens still find it difficult to access the platform due to the lack of digital inclusion. The conclusions point to the need for public policies that promote digital education and simplify processes, ensuring equity in access to social security services.

Future threat landscapes: The impact on intelligence and security services

This article examines the evolving nature of antagonistic threats in the context of intelligence and security services, with a focus on small and medium-sized countries. It explores the impact of hybrid threats and non-linear warfare in an increasingly blurred security landscape between war and peace. The study aims to understand the emerging dynamics of the grey zone and the new challenges these evolving threats pose to intelligence and security services. The article adopts a qualitative methodology, drawing on global examples and including the strategic use of hybrid warfare by both state and non-state actors. In addition, the study examines technological advancements, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), to assess their role in shaping modern threats. The article argues that modern antagonistic threats differ from traditional ones in both intensity and complexity. Hybrid threats operate across multiple domains, blending military and non-military tactics while exploiting societal vulnerabilities. The article highlights the growing importance of AI and ML in both offensive and defensive strategies as well as the challenges posed by rapid technological advancements beyond state control. The article concludes that intelligence and security services must adapt to these multi-dimensional threats by embracing flexible integrated strategies. Enhanced international collaboration, advanced technological integration, and a focus on resilience will be the key to countering hybrid threats. The findings underscore the need for intelligence services to operate beyond traditional boundaries to effectively manage the complexities of future security environments.

Methodological support of the educational and training process of members of the national academy of the Security Service of Ukraine in hand-to-hand combat

The article considers the problem of theoretical and methodological support of the educational and training process of members of the hand-to-hand combat team of the National Academy of the Security Service of Ukraine. Mastering martial arts by cadets of higher military educational institutions of Ukraine is of particular relevance in modern conditions, which are characterized by an increased level of threats to the security of the state and citizens. Martial arts help develop strength, endurance, reaction speed, and coordination of movements, which are necessary for performing official duties in difficult conditions. Learning self-defense techniques, neutralizing an opponent without the use of weapons, is critically important for working in situations where the use of firearms is impossible or impractical. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and concretization, classification and systematization, modeling, historical method, logical method, comparative (comparative) method, formalization, forecasting, abstraction, hypothetical-deductive method. The article focuses on the importance of systematic and comprehensive training of athletes to ensure their high level of physical and psychological readiness for competitions and the performance of assigned tasks. A modern approach to planning the educational and training process has been developed and substantiated, which takes into account the specifics of the activities of employees of the Security Service of Ukraine. The proposed methodological recommendations are aimed at improving the technical- tactical, physical and moral-volitional training of athletes. The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of the developed methodological support, which contributes to improving the sports results of team members and their readiness to perform professional duties in stressful and extreme conditions. Mastering martial arts by cadets of the National Academy of the Security Service of Ukraine is not only a means of professional training, but also an important factor in their psychological, physical and moral readiness to perform tasks in the face of modern challenges. This not only contributes to their personal development, but also ensures a high level of security for the state and citizens. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific exploration involve the development of an experimental training program for representatives of the studied category (annual training cycle).

Patient Experiences and Perspectives When MyChart is Introduced in a Large Community Hospital: Mixed Methods Study.

Patient portals, or secure websites linked to electronic medical records, have emerged as tools to provide patients with timely access to their health information. To support the potential benefits of patient portals such as improved engagement in health care, it is essential to understand how patients and caregivers experience these portals. This study aimed to explore patient and caregiver experiences, facilitators, and barriers to accessing and using a patient portal called MyChart during the initial stages of its implementation. We applied explanatory sequential mixed methods to conduct a web-based questionnaire and semistructured interviews with MyChart users and nonusers at a large community hospital in Ontario, Canada. Among users, we explored user satisfaction with MyChart, its impact on care, and areas for improvement. For nonusers, we explored barriers to MyChart access and willingness to use it in the future. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for data analysis. A total of 5651 patients and caregivers completed the web-based questionnaire and 18 (12 users and 6 nonusers) participated in interviews. MyChart users primarily learned about the portal through email (n=1288, 39%), after-visit summaries (n=953, 29%), and hospital staff (n=408, 12%). Nonusers cited lack of awareness (n=1291, 59%) and registration difficulties (n=707, 32%) as some barriers to activation and adoption, but the majority would consider activating and using MyChart if they could learn more about it (n=1126, 54%). Users valued MyChart for preparing for health care encounters but expressed dissatisfaction with limited features and access to medical history and test results, whereas nonusers tended to be unsure about the benefits of using MyChart, especially if they were infrequent health care users. Patient portals offer benefits, but barriers to access and limited functionality can hinder widespread use. To enhance the adoption and potential benefits of patient portals, targeted outreach and comprehensive access to health information are essential to promote positive and seamlessly integrated health care experiences.

Fintech and Financial Inclusion: How Digital Payment Systems Empower Small Entrepreneurs

Financial technology (fintech) has revolutionized the financial sector by enhancing accessibility, efficiency, and convenience in financial transactions. One of its most significant contributions is its role in promoting financial inclusion, particularly for small entrepreneurs and micro-enterprises that traditionally face barriers to accessing formal banking services. Digital payment systems, including mobile wallets, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, and crowdfunding platforms, have enabled small businesses to expand their customer base, improve cash flow management, and participate more actively in the digital economy. This study explores how fintech-driven digital payment systems empower small entrepreneurs by providing financial tools that facilitate transactions, offer alternative credit solutions, and enhance financial literacy. Employing a qualitative research approach, this study examines case studies of small businesses that have integrated fintech solutions into their operations, analyzing the impact on business performance, market reach, and financial sustainability. The findings reveal that digital payment adoption reduces dependency on cash transactions, increases financial transparency, and improves access to microcredit, enabling small entrepreneurs to scale their businesses. Despite these advantages, challenges remain, including digital literacy gaps, cybersecurity risks, and regulatory constraints that hinder broader adoption among small businesses. The study underscores the importance of government policies, financial literacy programs, and fintech-industry collaborations in ensuring the long-term sustainability of fintech adoption for small entrepreneurs. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on financial inclusion and digital transformation, offering policy recommendations to enhance accessibility, security, and innovation in fintech-driven financial services.

Interdependency classification: A framework for infrastructure resilience

Abstract Critical Infrastructure Systems (CISs) provide essential services for nation-wide security, economy, and social well-being, and these systems are becoming increasingly interdependent to maintain those services. Recent and diverse disturbances worldwide have highlighted that interdependencies within CISs may increase the potential for cascading failures, amplifying the impacts of both large and small-scale disturbances into events of catastrophic proportions. The methodology involved conducting a literature search through scholarly databases and using a snowball approach to identify 12 relevant papers on infrastructure interdependencies. Thematic analysis was then applied to classify 50 interdependencies, which were synthesized into a unified classification system mapped to a foundational framework. The direct citation network visualization tool, Kumu, illustrated citation patterns and guided the analysis. Identifying and classifying various interdependencies, understanding their relationships, and assessing their role in CISs are crucial steps to prevent, mitigate, or manage unfavorable consequences and enhance system resilience. In this article, we compiled and identified classifications of infrastructure interdependencies and described a unified classification. To support the resilience of CISs in periods of stability and instability, infrastructure managers not only need consistent terminology but a shared understanding of interdependencies to ensure said interdependencies within and across CISs are appropriately accounted for throughout the life cycle of infrastructure, from early planning stages to management – reactive or proactive – for disturbances. These are critical steps toward understanding how CISs operate in concert so infrastructure managers may sense and anticipate potential disruptions, manage the impacts and consequences, and adapt to changing future conditions.

Evaluating Uttar Pradesh prison library services’ compliance with IFLA guidelines

This study assesses the prison library services in five central jails in Uttar Pradesh, India, according to the IFLA’s Guidelines for Library Services to Prisoners. The research focuses on the physical facilities and equipment of the prison libraries in these jails. Data were collected through stratified and purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires were administered to 105 inmates from all central jails included in the study. Data were analysed using SPSS. Despite many inmates considering internet or computer access essential for their educational pursuits, none had access to such equipment. The findings indicate mixed results in terms of adherence to IFLA's guidelines by different jails, emphasizing the need for continuous reform and further investigation to align practices with international standards. The study emphasizes the importance of prison libraries in inmate rehabilitation and the need for a more uniform application of international standards to enhance the efficiency, security, and inclusiveness of prison library services.

Factors Influencing Mobile Banking Adoption by Gen Z Generation

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the adoption of mobile banking among Generation Z, known as digital natives with a lifestyle highly integrated with technology. Using a qualitative approach,The findings reveal several key factors affecting mobile banking adoption: ease of use, security and privacy, social influence, value-added services, technological accessibility, cost and efficiency, and alignment with digital lifestyles. Generation Z tends to prefer applications with simple interfaces, reliable security features, promotional incentives, and services tailored to their needs. Additionally, peer influence and recommendations from online communities play a significant role in their decision-making process. This study provides valuable insights for financial service providers to develop more effective strategies for increasing mobile banking adoption among this generation.

Вплив виробництва та вживання синтетичних наркотиків на навколишнє середовище

Extremely high volumes of drugs production and consumption have become a global problem of modern times, which determines negative impact on human health and the living environment. Aim: generalization of international best practices in monitoring the impact of production and consumption of synthetic drugs on the environment. Materials and Methods. the reports by the European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Narcotics Control, the National Police of Ukraine and the Security Service of Ukraine, UN, WHO, materials from scientific libraries PUBMED, Elsevier were studied. Results. According to the results of the latest monitoring in Ukraine, the dynamics of illegal drugs and psychoactive substances use per 10,000 population remains negative: from 14.7 in 2017 to 17.0 in 2022. However, under the conditions of martial law and due to active hostilities in some regions of Ukraine, as well as because of limited access to relevant resources in these territories, individual monitoring subjects do not have the opportunity to exercise their powers in full. Therefore, obtaining comprehensive information on the volume of production and use of illegal drugs is not considered possible today. At the same time, according to the National Police of Ukraine, 94 drug laboratories were closed down in 2021 alone; four international channels of entry of illegal drugs into Ukraine were exposed; tons of drug materials and psychotropic substances were seized from illegal circulation as a result of completed investigations in criminal proceedings. The experience of EU countries proves that monitoring the concentration of synthetic drugs in environmental objects allows solving the following issues: assessing the nature and scale of drug use over time; identifying basic trends in drug consumption; determination of measures to control and mitigate the consequences of the production and consumption of synthetic drugs, which will effectively protect the environment from dangerous biologically active substances. Conclusions. Although little is known about the actual extent of damage to the environment of illegal synthetic drugs, monitoring their presence in environmental objects is a relevant area of scientific research and should be a separate issue of public health policy. Keywords: drugs, environment.