Security Issues In Internet Of Things Research Articles

IoT Elements, Layered Architectures and Security Issues: A Comprehensive Survey.

The use of the Internet is growing in this day and age, so another area has developed to use the Internet, called Internet of Things (IoT). It facilitates the machines and objects to communicate, compute and coordinate with each other. It is an enabler for the intelligence affixed to several essential features of the modern world, such as homes, hospitals, buildings, transports and cities. The security and privacy are some of the critical issues related to the wide application of IoT. Therefore, these issues prevent the wide adoption of the IoT. In this paper, we are presenting an overview about different layered architectures of IoT and attacks regarding security from the perspective of layers. In addition, a review of mechanisms that provide solutions to these issues is presented with their limitations. Furthermore, we have suggested a new secure layered architecture of IoT to overcome these issues.

Security, privacy and trust of different layers in Internet-of-Things (IoTs) framework

Internet of Things (IoT) is playing an important role after its showing up, it covers from traditional equipment to general household objects such as WSNs and RFID. With the great potential of IoT, there come all kinds of challenges. This paper focuses on the security problems among all other challenges. As IoT is built on the basis of the Internet, security problems of the Internet will also show up in IoT. Moreover, as IoT contains three layers: perception layer, transportation layer and application layer, this paper will analyze the security problems of each layer separately and try to find new problems and solutions. This paper also analyzes the cross-layer heterogeneous integration issues and security issues in detail and discusses the security issues of IoT as a whole and tries to find solutions to them. In the end, this paper compares security issues between IoT and traditional network, and discusses opening security issues of IoT.

Policy-Based Secure and Trustworthy Sensing for Internet of Things in Smart Cities

The Internet of Things (IoT), which is known as one of the key enabling technologies of smart cities, generally refers to the network of smart objects, which are embedded with sensing, computing, networking, and actuating capabilities that all together enable them to collect and exchange data. The IoT devices are usually wirelessly networked, and they serve as a key enabling technology for many critical smart city applications, such as intelligent transportation, smart grid, smart building, and mobile healthcare. However, security has become a key challenge for the wide deployment of IoT: because of the environmental influences, the IoT data are inherently noisy. Moreover, the IoT devices may be compromised by attackers to intentionally generate fake data. Finally, the underlying wireless network can also be subverted. To address the security issue in IoT, we propose a policy-based secure and trustworthy sensing scheme for IoT named RealAlert , in which the trustworthiness of both data and the IoT devices are evaluated based on both the reporting history and the context in which the data are collected using policy rules. Experimental results have shown that the RealAlert scheme can accurately assess the trust of the sensor nodes as well as data in IoT.

Internet of Things Security Issues, Threats, Attacks and Counter Measures

Internet of Things Security Issues, Threats, Attacks and Counter Measures

Authentications for Internet of Things Security: Threats, Challenges and Studies

The Internet of Things (IoT) is attracting attention as the core technology with the development of the wireless network and the universal use of portable terminals. IoT provides high quality service to the user through various technology convergences that are based on smart devices to high performance. However, due to the vulnerabilities connected with complex technologies and problems with implementation methods, there are various security threats. Therefore, to provide the best service, it is necessary to construct a secure environment for security threats in the IoT. It also must be protected and managed the device via authentication or secure policies. In this paper, we describe the security threats, issue and consideration in IoT, and we examine authentication structure, lightweight technology, and key management. We also propose an authentication service scenario based on existing authentication technology and research. Finally, we present the development and research direction of Internet security technology to provide secure service.

Dynamic Trust Management System for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT), which is one of the key enabling technologies for many critical applications, such as intelligent transportation, smart grid, smart building and mobile healthcare. However, security has become a key challenge for the wide deployment of IoT, because of the environmental influences. Moreover, the IoT devices may be compromised by attackers to intentionally generate fake data, to deviate the communication, and so on. To address the security issue in IoT, Dynamic Trust Management System (DTMS) for Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed. The DTMS for IoT involves recommendation system for trust model selection based on the context, generating and evaluating trust for heterogeneous system, and forwarding the data via trustworthy devices by considering interoperability and dynamic environment. This DTMS supports to take appropriate decision by avoiding false data and improve network utilization in the heterogeneous network.

On security challenges and open issues in Internet of Things

When Internet of Things (IoT) applications become a part of people’s daily life, security issues in IoT have caught significant attention in both academia and industry. Compared to traditional computing systems, IoT systems have more inherent vulnerabilities, and meanwhile, could have higher security requirements. However, the current design of IoT does not effectively address the higher security requirements posed by those vulnerabilities. Many recent attacks on IoT systems have shown that novel security solutions are needed to protect this emerging system. This paper aims to analyze security challenges resulted from the special characteristics of the IoT systems and the new features of the IoT applications. This could help pave the road to better security solution design. In addition, three architectural security designs are proposed and analyzed. Examples of how to implement these designs are discussed. Finally, for each layer in IoT architecture, open issues are also identified.

Internet of things (IoT): a survey on protocols and security risks

A dramatic change by the growth of new ubiquitous computing, our globe is moving towards the fully connected paradigm called Internet of Things (IoT). The world is being connected and interlinked with the exponential growth of this pervasive technology. It plays a significant role in many fields such as healthcare, manufacturing industry, agriculture, transportation, smart homes etc and reinforces our everyday life. It acts as an aegis for covering all the factors such as protocols, key elements, technologies etc. IoT includes many capabilities and numerous mechanisms but protection hassle that slow down the era. In this paper we discussed about essential protocols and security issues of IoT.

Cybersecurity Management for (Industrial) Internet of Things: Challenges and Opportunities

The internet of things (IoT) is about an integration between the physical and the cyber worlds in several aspects of peoples’ lives, with benefits of convenience and entertainment in the “smart home” domain, and process optimization, costs savings and business opportunities in the industrial, “smart city” and other domains such as power and health care, however, associated with concerns about security. Security is a must for IoT systems to protect sensitive data and critical physical infrastructure. It is estimated that the number of networked devices will reach 20-50 billion by 2020 on a global scale. Security risks can become expensive (particularly in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications) and dangerous for corporations, governments and even individuals’ lives, and strategies to combat cybercrime are being developed. However, there are 3 main challenges for solving security issues in IoT and IIoT settings: Applications operate in highly distributed environments, heterogeneous smart objects are used, and sensors and actuators are limited in terms of power and computational resources. Therefore, traditional security countermeasures do not work efficiently in IoT systems. A key security challenge in the IoT context is the increase of the overall attack surface for malicious attacks, as compared to isolated (i.e., non-connected) systems. Cybersecurity management has to increase awareness, competence levels and assess novel technologies such as blockchain and SDN (Software Defined Networking). Opportunities are offered by 5G and “green” IoT, particularly with regard to energy and CO2 emissions savings. This review article discusses the state-of-the-art, trends and developments arounds challenges and opportunities in cybersecurity management.

Internet of Things Security Issues and Their Solutions with Blockchain Technology Characteristics: A Systematic Literature Review

Since the beginning of crypto currency in 2008, blockchain technology rise as progressive technology. Despite the fact that blockchain began off as a core technology of Bitcoin, its utilization cases are growing to numerous fields such as, security of Internet of Things (IoT), banking sector, industries and medical etc. In recent years IoT has gained popularity due to its usage in smart homes and smart city projects around the world. Unfortunately, IoT devices possess limited computing power, low storage capability and network capacity therefore they are more prone to attacks than other endpoint devices such as cell phones, tablets, or PCs. This paper focus on significant security issues for IoT, security prerequisites for IoT alongside the current attacks and maps IoT security issues against existing solutions found in the literature. Blockchain technology can be a key empowering influence to take care of numerous IoT security issues. Finally describe the future work directions.

IoT security: Review, blockchain solutions, and open challenges

With the advent of smart homes, smart cities, and smart everything, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an area of incredible impact, potential, and growth, with Cisco Inc. predicting to have 50 billion connected devices by 2020. However, most of these IoT devices are easy to hack and compromise. Typically, these IoT devices are limited in compute, storage, and network capacity, and therefore they are more vulnerable to attacks than other endpoint devices such as smartphones, tablets, or computers.In this paper, we present and survey major security issues for IoT. We review and categorize popular security issues with regard to the IoT layered architecture, in addition to protocols used for networking, communication, and management. We outline security requirements for IoT along with the existing attacks, threats, and state-of-the-art solutions. Furthermore, we tabulate and map IoT security problems against existing solutions found in the literature. More importantly, we discuss, how blockchain, which is the underlying technology for bitcoin, can be a key enabler to solve many IoT security problems. The paper also identifies open research problems and challenges for IoT security.

Security in IoT network based on stochastic game net model

SummaryThe growing prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) ushers itself with various security concerns. Being complex in nature, traditional security countermeasures cannot be applied directly to IoT networks. Addressing this problem, this paper aims to combine the capabilities of 2 traditional methods namely, game theory (GT) and stochastic Petri nets (SPN), such that the resultant model is compatible for complex IoT networks. Game theory does not have enough modeling capability to cope up with complexity of IoT networks. However, it has an advantage of providing a priori idea of attacker's actions and strategies with the help of Nash equilibrium. This information is used by administrators to devise appropriate action plan to detect and prevent attacks on network. On the other hand, SPN is a dynamic, scalable and probabilistic model, which overcomes the limitations of GT. Nevertheless, it is not able to compute best strategies (Nash equilibrium) of attacker. Therefore, this paper proposes stochastic game net (SGN)–based model for security in IoT, which combines the advantages of SPN and GT. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that this is the first attempt to define SGN for handling security issues in IoT. Simulations performed using OPNET tool show that SGN shows 5.94% and 5.91% improvement in terms of confidentiality, 6.4% and 8% improvement in terms of integrity, and 6.7% and 8.9% improvement in terms of availability over SPN and GT, respectively.

A Review of Security Concerns in Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a technologically optimistic future where objects will be connected to the internet and make intelligent collaborations with other objects anywhere, anytime. Although it makes appreciable development, there are still uncertainties about security concepts of its usage that is usually considered as a major concern in the design of IoT architectures. This paper presents a general survey of all the security issues in IoT along with an analysis of IoT architectures. The study defines security requirements and challenges that are common in IoT implementations and discusses security threats and related solutions on each layer of IoT architecture to make this technology secure and more widespread accordingly.

Security and Privacy Issues in IoT

Internet of Things (IoT) is a global network of physical and virtual ‘things’ connected to the internet. Each object has unique ID which is used for identification. IoT is the emerging technology which will change the way we interact with devices. In future almost every electronic device will be a smart device which can compute and communicate with hand-held and other infrastructure devices. As most of the devices may be battery operated, due to less processing power the security and privacy is a major issue in IoT. Authentication, Identification and device heterogeneity are the major security and privacy concerns in IoT. Major challenges include integration, scalability, ethics communication mechanism, business models and surveillance. In this paper major issues related to security and privacy of IoT are focused.

IoT Industry & Security Technology Trends

High-tech industries in a state well enough to troubleshoot hacking information introduction a big barrier to delay the growth of the market related to IoT(Internet of Things) as is likely to be on the rise. This early on, security issues introduced in the solution, a comprehensive solution, including the institutional laws/precautions needed. Recent examples of frequent security threats while IoT is the biggest issue of introducing state-of-the-art industry information due to the vulnerable security hacking. This high-tech industries in order to bridge the information responsible for the target attribute, target range, and the protection of security and how to protect the subject, IoT environment (domestic industrial environment) considering the approach is needed. IoTs with health care and a wide variety of services, such as wearable devices emerge. This ensures that RFID/USN-based P2P/P2M/M2M connection is the implementation of the community. In this study, the issue on the high-tech industrial information and the vulnerable security issues of IoT are described.

Analysis of Lightweight Cryptographic Solutions for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) enables physical things to communicate, compute and take decisions based on any network activity. This calls for a secure solution for communication among heterogeneous devices. With the development in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), a unique impact of smart things is observed in our everyday life. IoT can consider users that interact in heterogeneous environment. In heterogeneous environment motive of each user in IoT can be different in form of communication and computation and is difficult to be judged. A malicious user can destroy the security and privacy of the network. This study gives a detailed analysis of existing security solutions for IoT. Firstly, a comparison of lightweight cryptography algorithms is made on basis of block size, key size, number of rounds, and probable attacks. Later, the various security issues in IoT are discussed along with possible solution. Security solutions in IoT will improve the trust over IoT. A secure solution that will require less computational power and is less vulnerable to existing attacks is desired.

A lightweight attribute-based encryption scheme for the Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging network paradigm, which realizes the interconnections among the ubiquitous things and is the foundation of smart society. Since IoT are always related to user’s daily life or work, the privacy and security are of great importance. The pervasive, complex and heterogeneous properties of IoT make its security issues very challenging. In addition, the large number of resources-constraint nodes makes a rigid lightweight requirement for IoT security mechanisms. Presently, the attribute-based encryption (ABE) is a popular solution to achieve secure data transmission, storage and sharing in the distributed environment such as IoT. However, the existing ABE schemes are based on expensive bilinear pairing, which make them not suitable for the resources-constraint IoT applications. In this paper, a lightweight no-pairing ABE scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is proposed to address the security and privacy issues in IoT. The security of the proposed scheme is based on the ECDDH assumption instead of bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption, and is proved in the attribute based selective-set model. By uniformly determining the criteria and defining the metrics for measuring the communication overhead and computational overhead, the comparison analyses with the existing ABE schemes are made in detail. The results show that the proposed scheme has improved execution efficiency and low communication costs. In addition, the limitations and the improving directions of it are also discussed in detail.

Advances on data, information, and knowledge in the internet of things

The internet of things (IoT) is a dynamic smart networked system with connected sensors, processors, and actuators that are designed to sense and interact with the physical world. Achieving the benefits of IoT requires the fusion and management of large scale heterogeneous data using knowledge-based decision systems and the integration of different technologies. Many challenges exist, including identifying things correctly and safely in IoT, modeling and integrating variety and volumes of data, acquiring knowledge automatically from the big data, and ensuring security and privacy, etc. This theme issue aims to explore these challenges through papers which address: (1) data models and big data and information processing in IoT; (2) how collaboration and interaction in IoT can be facilitated leveraging the best practices developed in social computing, social and community intelligence, and wireless sensor networks; and (3) the security and privacy issues in IoT and mobile computing. This issue is in collaboration with the international workshop on Identification, Information, and Knowledge in the Internet of Things (IIKI2013) held in October 2014, Beijing, China (http://ireg.bnu.edu.cn/IIKI2014/). Following a strict review process, we accept seventeen papers for this theme issue finally. Each of the papers was peer-reviewed by at least two experts in the field. In the following, we provide a brief introduction to each paper. Data dissemination is a challenging issue for mobile social activities in IoT. The paper titled ‘‘strengthen nodal cooperation for data dissemination in mobile social networks’’ by Guoliang Liu et al. proposes an incentive scheme to stimulate the users in a network to be more cooperative for data dissemination by considering selfishness factors of the users. Each node’s ability to fetch messages of a specific kind of interest is evaluated, and every single user can rent other nodes to help with obtaining the interested messages by paying credits. Extensive simulations on real traces are implemented to evaluate the proposed incentive scheme. The paper ‘‘self-Universum support vector machine’’ (SUSVM) by Dalian Liu et al. provides a theoretical explanation for an improved twin support vector machine based on the concept of Universum, which takes the positive class and negative class as Universum separately for the binary classification problem. Furthermore, SUSVM is improved by a special formulate of linear programming, which leads to the better generalization performance and less computational time. Data management and information organization play key roles in IoT realization. Yunchuan Sun et al. propose an extensible and active semantic information organization model for IoT in the paper titled ‘‘An extensible and active semantic model of information organizing for the Internet of Things.’’ The proposed model is well defined and involves two layers: the object layer and the event layer, which are both discussed in detail including the Y. Sun (&) R. Bie Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China e-mail: yunch@bnu.edu.cn

Security of the Internet of Things: perspectives and challenges

Internet of Things (IoT) is playing a more and more important role after its showing up, it covers from traditional equipment to general household objects such as WSNs and RFID. With the great potential of IoT, there come all kinds of challenges. This paper focuses on the security problems among all other challenges. As IoT is built on the basis of the Internet, security problems of the Internet will also show up in IoT. And as IoT contains three layers: perception layer, transportation layer and application layer, this paper will analyze the security problems of each layer separately and try to find new problems and solutions. This paper also analyzes the cross-layer heterogeneous integration issues and security issues in detail and discusses the security issues of IoT as a whole and tries to find solutions to them. In the end, this paper compares security issues between IoT and traditional network, and discusses opening security issues of IoT.