Security Conditions Research Articles

Development of a three-stage hierarchical model for quick calculating stair evacuation time of high-rise building coupled with simulation analysis

Calculating the evacuation time during staircase evacuation is essential to evaluate the security conditions of high-rise buildings under emergency scenarios. A three-stage hierarchical model for calculating emergency evacuation time is constructed by combining discrete state update rules and continuous forms in computation to investigate the evacuation process of pedestrians in multi-floor buildings in emergency circumstances. Combined with simulation analysis, the model considers the capacity constraint of stairwell and congestion effects and calculates the evacuation time hierarchically. The model's validity is verified by the existing evacuation simulator for a hypothetical building case study, coupled with a comprehensive computational comparison. Calculations on entire and separate evacuation times are explored considering different stairway capacity restrictions and geometric features. Computational results demonstrated that this model is effective and may be regarded as a valid tool for staircase evacuation time calculation in the context of high-rise buildings.

The agroforests of the east coast of Madagascar

This article explores the significance, challenges, and future prospects of Madagascar’s cash crops: vanilla, cloves, lychees, black pepper and cinnamon. Cultivated by small-scale farmers in biodiverse agroforestry plots, these cash crops have historical importance in Madagascar's export-oriented economy that has seen Madagascar become the world's leading producer of vanilla, the second largest exporter of cloves and essential clove oil, and the leading exporter of lychees to the European market. Despite contributing substantially to the country's exports, farmers remain vulnerable, as the markets for these products are controlled by global food industry giants and are subject to significant price fluctuations. Other factors that contribute towards farmer’s vulnerability include climate change, local security conditions, competition from other producing countries and the introduction of synthetic vanillin. Despite the volatilities, farmers’ income and food security remain tied to these cash crops. Diversification is recommended to ensure better resilience against volatile conditions, including diversification of crops, land management practices, and product uses. By adapting agroforests to integrate a variety of cash crops and food crops, farmers’ income and food security will be protected long-term. Further research on agro-biodiversity management is now needed to continue to mitigate market dynamics and environmental challenges.

Personnel security of economic entities: Condition control using management information systems

Subject. This article discusses the issues of control over the condition of personnel security as a part of the general security system of an economic entity. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a critical review and develop an original definition of the Personnel Security concept, evaluate the developed systems of indicators used for monitoring and assessing personnel security, analyze the main modern information systems of personnel management and highlight their positive and negative characteristics, and analyze the capabilities of personnel management information systems as an information base for monitoring the condition of personnel security of an economic entity. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, grouping, and comparison. Results. The article presents the results of a review of the definitions of personnel security and offers the author-developed definition of personnel security of economic entities. It systematizes the characteristics of various information systems of personnel management and analyzes the possibilities of using them as an information base for monitoring the condition of personnel security of an economic entity. Conclusions and Relevance. At present, there is no unified approach of scientists to the definition of Personnel Security, as well as to the composition of indicators that are necessary to control the condition of personnel security and the personnel element of the economic security system of any economic entity. A critical assessment of the composition of indicators necessary for the control of personnel security shows that it is not an inert and static system, the indicators are mobile and dynamic for each economic entity. The set of these indicators depends on the specific institution, its organizational and legal form, the reporting period, external and internal environmental conditions, etc. The results obtained can form the basis for further development of ideas about the control and assessment of personnel security, as well as economic security for making informed and effective management decisions.

Causal Relationship Between Maize Production and Its Price in Zambia

In Zambia, changes in food prices specifically maize prices have received much of the attention of late because of its effect on national food security, farming systems, and political-economic conditions of the country. Measures have been taken in order to prevent future food crises and to achieve zero hunger by 2030 as per Sustainable Development Goal number 2 targets 2.4 and 2.c. The national strategies to stabilise the price and influence productivity depend on availability of data from different researchers. Most studies on maize production in Zambia have focused on climatic and demographic factors with insufficient efforts taken in addressing price changes on maize production. The article examined the consequences of changing price from 1990 to 2021 of maize on maize production in Zambia. It used a cross sectional research design to analyse secondary data from Zambia Statistics Agency and Food Agriculture Organization. The use of Granger causality test (time series) during analysis revealed unidirectional causation between price and production. This implies that price of maize is the Granger cause of maize production (p-value = 0.0010). The increase of price of maize influences maize productivity among peasants. The policy implication stemming from this study is that since price influences maize production, controlling maize production without stabilizing price levels cannot be enough to boost the agricultural economy and alleviate poverty. The government needs to control maize prices to meet the domestic self-sufficient and affordable prices.

Contra-hate spin di media sosial twitter jelang pilpres 2019 dengan pendekatan strategi sun-tzu

This study aims to identify hate spins through hate speech content on Twitter social media during the 2019 Presidential Election campaign, and analyze patterns of hate spin movements, strategies and obstacles to overcome hate spins using the Sun Tzu approach. Research methods with content analysis to analyze hate speech and hate spins that occur on Twitter ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election, starting 15 February-15 April 2019. There are 36 (thirty-six) hate spins that attack candidate pairs 01 and 12 (twelve) hate spin attacking candidate 02. There are four cyber-attack patterns in the form of hate spins, namely: a wave and gradual hate spin attacks on the same candidate pair, single hate spin attacks, and hate spin attacks attacking each other between the two teams of candidates. Polri uses several counter-strategies: (1) using a plan to win; (2) a strategy of dealing directly with the enemy; (3) a strategy of chaos; and (4) a strategy of losing. The obstacles faced are the competent police personnel were limited and the discretionary conditions of security and order. Policy recommendations require additional personnel both in quantity and quality for information and communication technology (ICT).

Urban water security assessment: investigating inequalities using a multi-scale approach

Abstract Water security is a multi-faceted concept that encompasses dimensions such as water quantity, quality, human health, well-being, water hazards, and governance. The evaluation of water security is an important step towards understanding and improving it, particularly in urban settings where disparities resulting from unequal distribution of population and resources are present and often evade citywide assessments. To address the diversity of the urban space, we propose a multi-level assessment approach based on downscaling the spatial dimension. Using a comprehensive indicator-based framework, we evaluate the city of Campinas in Brazil across citywide and intra-city scales. Employing the Theil index to measure inequality, the results reveal nuanced disparities less apparent at broader scales. Despite an overall favourable water security condition, spatial heterogeneity is still noticeable in the urban area of Campinas. The methodology highlights different aspects, such as vegetation cover, social green areas, and wastewater collection, which are inequitably distributed in the urban area. This integrated approach, linking inequality and water security assessment, has the potential to unveil specific needs within urban areas, helping guide targeted interventions to improve water security levels for all.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medication and its influencing factors among residents in western China: a large-scale cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of drug use among residents in western China and its influencing factors for accurately designing the knowledge, contents, and methods of popular science activities for safe drug use among residents to provide a reference for conducting rational drug use educational activities and improving residents' level of safe drug use. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the KAP of medication among western China residents and its influencing factors from March to April 2023. Each question option was assigned a score according to logic, and the risk factors for resident medication safety KAP were explored through univariate and logistic regression analyses. A total of 7,557 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 96.7%. The average scores of KAP were 72.77 ± 22.91, 32.89 ± 10.64, and 71.27 ± 19.09, respectively. In the evaluation criteria of the questionnaire, the score of medication knowledge reached "good," and the score of attitude and practice was "average." Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that male sex and low education level were significant factors affecting the lack of drug knowledge among residents. Old age and low education level were the factors of poor attitude toward medication. The low condition of medical security was a factor in residents' irregular drug use behavior. The overall level of rational drug use among residents in western China is good, but there are still some inconsistencies. Rational drug use education should be conducted according to the risk points of residents in drug safety KAP to further improve the level of rational drug use of residents.

Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Di Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan (Studi Kasus Di Desa Sendangagung, Giriwoyo, Wonogiri)

<p><em>Various problems in the agricultural sector include land conversion, climate change, water shortages, high input prices, and declining agricultural land productivity. Reduced production will affect farmers' income, which will impact the food security of farming households. The research aims to determine the proportion of food expenditure to total expenditure and assess the food security of farming households. The research location was chosen purposively, namely in Giriwoyo District, where most of the agricultural land is rain-fed. The sampling method used simple random sampling with a total of 30 farming households as respondents. Analysis of farmer household food security using cross-classification of food expenditure shares and energy adequacy levels. Energy and protein consumption levels were calculated using the 24-hour recall method. The research results explain that the average proportion of food expenditure to the total expenditure of farmer households is 55.61%, which shows that the level of farmer welfare is quite high. The food security conditions of rice farming households are based on levels, namely food security at 80%, food insecurity at 16.67%, and 3.30% of farming households are declared food deficient. To maintain or increase the food security of farming households, local food diversification is needed so that farming households do not only depend on rice as a source of carbohydrates. Counseling needs to be carried out to increase knowledge regarding the consumption of nutritious, diverse, balanced, and safe food.</em></p>

The Implementation of Conversion of Irrigated Rice Fields into Settlements and its Impacts (Case Study in Labuapi Sub-District, West Lombok)

This research aims to find out how the implementation of the conversion of irrigated rice fields into settlements in Labuapi Sub-District, West Lombok, analyze the factors that cause the conversion of irrigated rice fields into settlements in Labuapi Sub-District, West Lombok, and analyze the impact of the transfer of irrigated land functions on socio-economic development in Labuapi Sub-District, West Lombok. This type of research is a type of Empirical Legal research. The approaches used are the Statute, Historical, and Sociological approaches. The rapid expansion of the industrial structure has resulted in a large-scale, sustainable conversion of farmland according to Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1 of 2011 concerning the Determination and Transfer of Agricultural Land Functions. Sovereignty belongs to the people, which is also reflected in the concept of human rights to a healthy environment according to Article 28 H Paragraph (1) Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945. Apart from the concept of power and the human right to the environment, the conversion of land is also reflected in the concept of democracy related to the principles of sustainable development and environmental insight, as articulated in Article 33 Paragraph (4) of the United Nations, which is strictly regulated. The influential factors of land conversion rate are, firstly, significantly influential and not yet significantly influential. Social and economic impacts are very diverse and felt by the people of Labuapi Sub-District, West Lombok; the social impact of land conversion can be seen from the relationships and interactions between residents, security conditions, and lifestyle conditions of the surrounding community.

Data aggregation and routing in Mobile Ad hoc network: Introduction to Self-Adaptive Tasmanian Devil Optimization

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANETs) is referred to as the mobile wireless nodes that make up ad hoc networks. The network topology may fluctuate on a regular basis due to node mobility. Each node serves as a router, passing traffic throughout the network, and they construct the network’s infrastructure on their own. MANET routing protocols need to be able to store routing information and adjust to changes in the network topology in order to forward packets to their destinations. While mobile networks are the main application for MANET routing techniques, networks with stationary nodes and no network infrastructure can also benefit from using them. In this paper, we proposed a Self Adaptive Tasmanian Devil Optimization (SATDO) based Routing and Data Aggregation in MANET. The first step in the process is clustering, where the best cluster heads are chosen according to a number of limitations, such as energy, distance, delay, and enhanced risk factor assessment on security conditions. In this study, the SATDO algorithm is proposed for this optimal selection. Subsequent to the clustering process, routing will optimally take place via the same SATDO algorithm introduced in this work. Finally, an improved kernel least mean square-based data aggregation method is carried out to avoid data redundancy. The efficiency of the suggested routing model is contrasted with the conventional algorithms via different performance measures.

The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Pediatric Oral Health: A Review.

This narrative review examines the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric oral health, emphasizing disparities in dental caries prevalence and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Utilizing an extensive literature search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and the chat.consensus.app plugin, we synthesized findings from studies published up to December 2023. The review highlights a consistent association between lower SES and adverse pediatric oral health outcomes, influenced by parental education, household income, food security, and neighborhood conditions. It also underscores the importance of the life-course perspective, showing how early-life socioeconomic disadvantages can have long-lasting effects on oral health. Furthermore, the review points to the critical role of school-based oral health education programs and the complex interplay between mental health, SES, and pediatric oral health. By examining the impact of socioeconomic factors across different childhood stages and the effectiveness of educational interventions, this review calls for targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in pediatric oral health. The findings advocate for a multifaceted approach to improve oral health outcomes for children across socioeconomic backgrounds, ensuring equitable access to oral health care and promoting overall well-being.

Assessing inequalities in urban water security through geospatial analysis

Water security, which is key for sustainable development, has been broadly investigated through different spatial scales, time frames and perspectives, as a multi-dimensional concept. Fast growth and the diversity of the urban environment add to the challenges of reaching good levels of water security in cities. Yet, few studies have focused on evaluating the heterogeneous distribution of water security in urban areas, which is a key step to highlight where inequalities in large cities are present and how to best guide interventions. The objective of this research is to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of urban water security as well as quantifying inequalities using the new assessment presented in this paper. A holistic indicator-based evaluation framework to intra-urban sectors of the city of Campinas in Brazil is applied, followed by an inequality analysis to describe the distribution of water security aspects. A spatial correlation analysis is then carried out to identify patterns for high inequality indicators. Results show that even though Campinas has established good overall water security conditions, spatial heterogeneity is still noticeable in the urban area. Quantification of inequality by the Theil index highlighted aspects, such as vegetation cover, social green areas, and wastewater collection, that are inequitably distributed in the urban area. The subsequent analysis of spatial patterns exposed areas on the outskirts of the city where infrastructure challenges and social vulnerability coincide. This novel approach has been therefore successfully validated in a city in Brazil, and it has been demonstrated that our water security assessment framework identifies what are the main water security challenges and where they are in the city. For the first time we show that associating spatial and inequality analysis with conventional evaluation of urban water security has the potential to help target areas in need and tackle specific water security issues in the urban area. This is crucial to inform urban planning and policy making for a sustainable and inclusive urban water management strategy.

Development of Mosque-Based Religious Tourism at Masjid Agung Central Java

Religious tourism destinations in the area of Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah are; al-husna tower, electric umbrella, giant Qur'an, giant drum, unique architecture, Islamic da'wah radio studio 107.9 FM, Central Java Islamic Development Museum, office hall (office space), viewing binoculars, convention hall, souvenir shop and food court, digital library, graha Agung (lodging), all of them are in good condition and worth visiting. The development of religious tourism at the Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah is carried out by increasing the development of tourism products and tourist attractions. Organizing a program of religious study activities at the Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah by inviting well-known religious figures. Optimizing the attractiveness conditions of religious tourism objects, maintaining and improving cleanliness and security conditions, as well as promotion via the internet and print media.

An efficient cheating-detectable secret image sharing scheme with smaller share sizes

As a new approach to image protection, polynomial-based secret image sharing (PSIS) has attracted a lot of attention from many researchers in recent decades. When SIS technology is applied in practice, it is inevitably subject to various types of attacks, with cheating being the most likely to occur. To deal with the cheating problem in the process of secret image reconstruction, several effective (k,n)-PSIS schemes have been proposed. However, most previous schemes need to sacrifice the size of the share to achieve cheating detection capability. To address this issue, an efficient cheating-detectable (k,n)-PSIS scheme with smaller share sizes is designed based on the singularity of square matrix in this paper. In comparison with previous schemes, the proposed one can not only detect the complicity of up to k−1 cheaters, but also reduce the size of shares to 1k times of the secret image. Moreover, the secret image can be recovered without loss, and it does not need to be scrambled before sharing, which could reduce the complexity of the scheme. Theoretical proofs and experiments show that the contrast and security conditions of the proposed scheme are satisfied, and the cheating detection capability is available as well.

Labor law principles of the legal mechanism of social protection of the rights of critical infrastructure workers

This article aims to elucidate the labour law principles underpinning the legal mechanism for the social protection of the rights of critical infrastructure workers in Ukraine. The author determines that the principles in question, alongside the social and legal principles of this mechanism, form a set of specific (sectoral) principles for the legal mechanism about the social protection of the rights of these workers. The scope of labour law principles within the legal mechanism for the social protection of the rights of critical infrastructure workers closely aligns with the general principles of labour law. Consequently, the pertinent principles should encompass the following fundamental concepts: the principle of freedom of labour; the principle of decent work; the principle of freedom of solidarity (association, unionisation); the principle of human capital development (enhancing competitiveness); the principle of employee privacy; the principle of social security for the employee and their family; and the principle of harmonious stability in labour relations. Each of these principles encompasses a broad spectrum of requirements for the state (and to some extent, society), the fulfillment of which establishes socially secure conditions for the inception, progression, and cessation of labour relations. Consequently, this framework ensures that every employee is capable of acquiring, realising, and safeguarding his or her right to social protection. The article’s conclusions synthesise the study’s results and articulate the necessity of formulating and enacting a specific legislative act - the Law of Ukraine ‘On Critical Infrastructure Workers’. This law would include a distinct article titled ‘Principles of Social Security of Critical Infrastructure Workers’. It is highlighted that delineating these principles within the provisions of a special legislative act would address the issue that current legislation is unable to standardize all aspects of ensuring workers’ social security. Furthermore, the legislator’s recognition of these principles would establish a suitable human rights foundation. This would enable courts, the Ombudsman, and other authorities to interpret the scope of workers’ social and labour rights more. Such recognition provides a regulatory and legal basis for overseeing adherence to workers’ right to social protection and for safeguarding this right through jurisdictional means.

Strategi Inovatif Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Industri Parawisata di Bangkalan

This research examines human resource development strategies in the tourism sector from the perspective of developing regional tourism potential. The existence of human resources is thought to play an important role in tourism development. Tourism human resources include tourists/tourists or as workers (employment). This research uses a qualitative approach, namely an inductive approach. This type of research is categorized as descriptive research. The research results show that the management, development and financing of tourist areas requires the support of many stakeholders (public, private and society) so that the process can run smoothly. The success of developing this area is also greatly influenced by conditions of security and political stability, the carrying capacity of human resources who have appropriate skills both in terms of quality and quantity.

A MODERN VIEW ON THE ISSUE OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR STATE SECURITY

In the article the author analyzes the shortcomings of the existing system of administrative responsibility in the sphere of state security of Ukraine. Ukraine's internal affairs bodies face a number of constraints in ensuring national security, including a lack of resources and capacity, which hinders their ability to effectively perform their direct functions. Another limitation is the lack of a clear legal framework and guiding principles for their activities, which may lead to inconsistencies in the implementation of the relevant competencies. In addition, internal affairs bodies may be vulnerable to political interference and influence, which may compromise their independence and effectiveness. Within the framework of increasing the level of public security, the author highlighted the following proposals: improvement of the current legislative framework specifically in the legal regulation of security, organization of supervision over the implementation of targeted programs for ensuring national security in Ukraine; improvement of the mechanism of ensuring national security of Ukraine. The author focuses on measures to prevent socially dangerous acts and administrative offenses as the most important condition for national security in Ukraine. Having defined the issues and problems related to administrative responsibility, this article is intended to give recommendations to practitioners who seek to improve the effectiveness of administrative and legal regulation in this area.

Human Activity Recognition using Event-based Sensors

The developing universality of occasion-based sensors has prepared for cutting-edge Human Movement Acknowledgment (HAR) frameworks. Last year's project investigates the utilization of Convolutional Brain Organizations (CNN) to dissect information from occasion- based sensors for powerful and constant human movement acknowledgment. The undertaking means upgrading the exactness and productivity of existing HAR frameworks by utilizing the special abilities of occasion-based sensors. The venture examines the usage of Convolutional Brain Organizations (CNN) for Human Movement Acknowledgment (HAR) with occasion based sensors, intending to take advantage of the particular elements of these sensors. This examination tries to expand the accuracy and viability of HAR frameworks, especially in medical care, security, and brilliant conditions. Utilizing the CNN model, the task centers around extricating vigorous elements from sensor information, working with constant recognizable proof of assorted human exercises. By saddling the qualities of occasion based sensors and CNNs, the venture tries to add to progressions in action acknowledgment innovation, tending to basic requirements in different spaces and cultivating the combination of shrewd frameworks in unique, certifiable situations.

Unravelling the Proportion of Food Expenditure and Energy Consumption on Food Security: Evidence from Smallholders’ Clove Farmers in Indonesia

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the proportion of food consumption expenditure to clove farmer household expenditures, as well as the energy and protein consumption and food security conditions of clove farmer households in Indonesia. Theoretical Framework: Hunger eradication and food security remain critical development challenges, particularly in developing nations such as Indonesia. Poorer households spend a large proportion of their income on basic needs, including food. However, as their income increases, they divert more of their income towards buying higher quality goods and services, thereby reducing the proportion that goes into food. Method: This research was conducted on 30 clove farming communities using a purposive sampling technique. In in-depth interviews, all informants responded to the researcher's questions using precise, in-depth, and easy-to-understand phrases. Data analysis was carried out by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions and verification. Result and Conclusion: The results showed that the average proportion of non-food expenditure to total household expenditure of clove farmers in the study locations was 54.45%, while the proportion of food consumption expenditure to total expenditure was 45.55%. This suggests that non-food consumption spending accounts for a significant portion of farmer household expenditure. Meanwhile, the average energy and protein consumption of rice farming households was 1995.81 kcal/person/day and 88.65 grams/person/day, respectively. Implication Of Research: These findings imply that clove farmers have a sufficient amount of energy and protein. It may be stated that clove farmers in the research area have very excellent food security, with no food insecure households.

Proyect and current energy situation in the Basque Country

Due to the importance that energy occupies within society as a driver for competitiveness in industry, richness generation, and improvement of the technological development Ibrough new investments, the EU and its different Member States have created a legal ftamework aimed at controIling and reducing energy intensity, reducing the dependency from external countries and facilitating the introduction of indigenous energies for enhancing fmal energy supply. The Autonomous Region of the Basque Country is characterised for its enormous dependence on outsíde energy sources for the supply of a demand with high industrial penetration. Due to this, strategic energy plans have been developed since the 80's. These programmes try to guarantee energy supply in the best conditions of security, quality, economic cost and environmental impacto Several factors have been taken inlo account within these plans, as, for example:Social concems about environment conservation and social welfare,Studies of energy efficiency and savings,The contribution of renewable energies,The contribution of new combined ciele gas fired plants and also combined heat and power (CHP)