Security Implementation Research Articles

A Compact and Parallel Swap-Based Shuffler Based on Butterfly Network and Its Complexity Against Side Channel Analysis

A prominent countermeasure against side-channel attacks, the hiding countermeasure , typically involves shuffling operations using a permutation algorithm. This is especially crucial in the era of Post-Quantum Cryptography, where computational characteristics of lattice and code-based cryptography heighten the need for robust defenses. In this context, securely and efficiently generating permutations is critical for an algorithm’s overall security and performance. Among the various approaches, the Fisher-Yates shuffle is widely adopted due to its security and ease of implementation. However, it is limited by a complexity of \(\mathcal {O}(N) \) due to its sequential nature. In response, we propose a time-area trade-off swap algorithm, \(\mathsf {FSS} \) , that leverages a Butterfly Network structure, achieving only log ( N ) depth, log ( N ) work, and \(\mathcal {O}(1) \) operation time in parallel. Our analysis calculates the maximum gain an attacker can achieve through butterfly operations with log ( N ) depth, from a side-channel analysis perspective. Notably, we derive a generalized formula for the attack complexity of higher-order side-channel attacks for arbitrary input sizes, utilizing the fractal structure of the butterfly network. Moreover, our research demonstrates the efficiency and security of this permutation approach across different platforms. We include practical implementation results on ASIC, as well as on CPU and GPU architectures, which underscore the algorithm’s performance advantages and robustness across diverse hardware environments. Through this exploration, we show that efficient and secure permutations can indeed be achieved with minimal randomness requirements.

Implementation of Secure and Verifiable Access Control Procedures using the NTRU Cryptosystem to Store Big Data in the Cloud Environment

Background: Due to their complexity and size, deploying ciphertexts for clouds is considered the most useful approach to accessing large data stores. Method: However, access to a user's access legitimacy and improving a decrypted text on the cloud depending on an improved access policy (AP) specified by the data owner are the key challenges for making large data storage realistic and effective in clouds. The traditional ways either totally remove the problem of AP development or offer renewal to arbiter power, but in real-time, enhancing the AP is essential to maximising security and handling agility. Results: In this paper, a safe and verifiable access control program characterised by the NTRU cryptographic system for large storage of data in the clouds is proposed. Primarily, an improved NTRU decryption protocol to deal with the decryption failures of the prime NTRU is established, and in addition, the program is analysed for its security strength and computational performance. When a new AP is specified by the data owner, the cloud server allows the program to improve ciphertext and allows the owner to verify the upgrade to oppose the cloud's fraudulent behaviour. Conclusion: It enables (i) checking the user's legitimacy to access the data owner and qualified users, and (ii) allowing the user to verify the data provided by other users for the recovery of the right user. Strong analysis can prevent and block delinquency from various attacks, namely the collusion attack that could potentially target fraud users.

Comprehensive Guide to AI Software Design: From Conception to Implementation

This technical article presents a comprehensive examination of artificial intelligence software development, covering design principles, implementation strategies, and deployment practices. The article explores the convergence of traditional software engineering with advanced AI methodologies, addressing critical aspects including intelligence gathering, business process integration, and technology selection frameworks. The article delves into domain-specific applications across healthcare, financial services, and retail sectors while analyzing technical considerations in machine learning infrastructure, natural language processing, and computer vision systems. The article further examines bias mitigation strategies, system limitations, and best practices for production deployment, offering insights into monitoring, security, and scalability considerations for AI implementations.

A Discussion on Potential Integration of Quantum Encription with Super Artificial Intelligence

This study delves into the possible integration of super artificial intelligence (SAI) with quantum encryption, a revolutionary technology that harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to secure sensitive information. While quantum encryption promises unparalleled security through mechanisms like quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum entanglement, it also faces substantial challenges. These include susceptibility to noise, scalability limitations, high implementation costs, and public trust issues. With the advent of quantum computing, traditional encryption methods are becoming increasingly vulnerable, creating an urgent need for quantum-resistant solutions. The study proposes that SAI, when integrated with quantum encryption, has the potential to enhance security, but also introduces novel risks such as security breaches, bias, and transparency issues. By analyzing these risks and benefits, the study aims to develop mitigation strategies to optimize the advantages of this integration. Through a thorough exploration of quantum encryption's conceptual and theoretical foundations, the study examines critical tools, methodologies, and variables, offering insights into future market trends and economic impacts. The research further proposes a function modelling to quantify the success probability of secure key establishment within quantum encryption protocols. Ultimately, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of the risks and opportunities surrounding the fusion of SAI and quantum encryption, providing valuable recommendations for secure and scalable implementation in various industries.

An In-Depth Approach to Strengthening Security in Open-Access Libraries Utilizing JSON Web Tokens (JWT)

In response to growing security concerns in software development, this study introduces an open-access library designed to enhance authentication systems using JSON Web Tokens (JWT). This research addresses critical challenges in integrating secure authentication mechanisms by developing a new, scalable, user-friendly library focused on security and ease of implementation. The library incorporates JWT rotation, Redis integration, and customizable validation to ensure robust, adaptable security for developers. Utilizing an agile, Extreme Programming (XP) methodology, the library was iteratively tested and optimized based on real-world developer feedback. The result of the new library shows improved usability, flexibility, and token management efficiency, demonstrating the effectiveness in supporting secure authentication practices compared to the state-of-the-art libraries. The new library is offering a practical, open-source solution to strengthen authentication systems in modern web applications, advancing the accessibility of secure, reliable software development tools.

Modernizing law enforcement: A technical deep dive into distributed case management systems

This article presents a comprehensive technical analysis of Distributed Case Management Systems (DCMS) in modern law enforcement operations. The article examines how these systems address the challenges of processing exponentially growing digital evidence, which has increased by 312% since 2019. Through implementation of microservices architecture and advanced caching strategies, DCMS demonstrates significant improvements in evidence processing efficiency, achieving 83% faster analysis times and improving accuracy rates from 67% to 94%. The article details the system's architectural components, including real-time collaboration frameworks processing 2.8 million queries per second and security implementations maintaining NIST 800-53 compliance. Performance metrics indicate a 79% increase in cross-jurisdictional case resolutions and 71% reduction in evidence verification times. The article also explores emerging technologies integration, including quantum-resistant encryption and blockchain-based evidence integrity systems processing 12.5 million transactions monthly.

Secure software development: leveraging application call graphs to detect security vulnerabilities.

The inconsistency in software development standards frequently leads to vulnerabilities that can jeopardize an application's cryptographic integrity. This situation can result in incomplete or flawed encryption processes. Vulnerabilities may manifest as missing, bypassed, or improperly executed encryption functions or the absence of critical cryptographic mechanisms, which eventually weaken security goals. This article introduces a thorough method for detecting vulnerabilities using dynamic and static analysis, focusing on a cryptographic function dominance tree. This strategy systematically minimizes the likelihood of integrity breaches in cryptographic applications. A layered and modular model is developed to maintain integrity by mapping the entire flow of cryptographic function calls across various components. The cryptographic function call graph and dominance tree are extracted and subsequently analyzed using an integrated dynamic and static technique. The extracted information undergoes strict evaluation against the anticipated function call sequence in the relevant cryptographic module to identify and localize potential security issues. Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed method considerably enhances the accuracy and comprehensiveness of vulnerability detection in cryptographic applications, improving implementation security and resilience against misuse vulnerabilities.

Implementasi Jaringan VPN Site-to-Site dan Protocol OSPF Menggunakan Cisco di Sekolah Bina Bangsa

The development of technology is currently very rapid. The need for information is critical, especially in work, this need continues to grow along with users who want fast, safe, and efficient information. Sekolah Bina Bangsa is not directly connected to the network so it is very vulnerable to data leaks and can be considered less secure, so it is necessary to implement VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology. With VPN (Virtual Private Network), data delivery can be more secure because of the encryption method provided by this VPN technology. The OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol is a technology that is applied to help reduce bandwidth in network usage because this protocol can determine the best path in choosing a network route, so it is expected to reduce the existing bandwidth. To prevent foreign devices that are not registered in the network system at school, the author proposes the implementation of Switch-port Security with a violation shutdown configuration. With this configuration, if a foreign device accesses the school network, it will automatically be shut down. Thus, by implementing the existing network system at Bina Bangsa School, it is hoped that data transmission between the Kebon Jeruk Campus and PIK can be carried out safely, can reduce bandwidth in the network, and also the internal network cannot be accessed carelessly by outsiders who are not registered in the network system at Bina Bangsa School.

ANÁLISE DO PROCESSO DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA DE GESTÃO DA SEGURANÇA DA INFORMAÇÃO COM BASE NA ISO/IEC 27001

The theme of this research is the implementation of an Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on the ISO/IEC 27001 standard in an information technology organization. The main objective was to analyze the ISMS implementation process, addressing the stages of the PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) and the challenges faced by the organization. The methodology adopted was qualitative and exploratory, using case study, participant observation and document analysis to identify assets, assess risks and implement security controls. The main results showed significant improvements in information security governance, with increased resilience against cyber threats, strengthening customer confidence and optimizing internal processes. The risk matrix and the risk treatment plan stood out as effective tools in prioritizing corrective actions and allocating resources. It is concluded that, although formal ISO/IEC 27001 certification has not yet been obtained, the implementation of the ISMS has resulted in notable advances in the protection of information assets, contributing to regulatory compliance and a security-oriented organizational culture. The study offers practical insights for organizations seeking to improve their information security management strategies.

Practical security of twin-field quantum key distribution with optical phase-locked loop under wavelength-switching attack

The twin-field class quantum key distribution (TF-class QKD) has experimentally demonstrated the ability to surpass the fundamental rate-distance limit without requiring a quantum repeater, as a revolutional milestone. In TF-class QKD implementation, an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) structure is commonly employed to generate a reference light with correlated phase, ensuring coherence of optical fields between Alice and Bob. In this configuration, the reference light, typically located in the untrusted station Charlie, solely provides wavelength reference for OPLL and does not participate in quantum-state encoding. However, the reference light may open a door for Eve to enter the source stations that are supposed to be well protected. Here, by identifying vulnerabilities of an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) in the OPLL scheme, we propose and demonstrate a wavelength-switching attack on a TF-class QKD system. This attack involves Eve deliberately manipulating the wavelength of the reference light to increase mean photon number of prepared quantum states, while maintaining stable interference between Alice and Bob as required by TF-class QKD protocols. The maximum observed increase in mean photon number is 8.7%, which has been theoretically proven to compromise the security of a TF-class QKD system. Moreover, we have shown that with well calibration of the modulators, the attack can be eliminated. Through this study, we highlight the importance of system calibration in the practical security in TF-class QKD implementation.

Hardware and Secure Implementation of Enhanced ZUC Steam Cipher Based on Chaotic Dynamic S-Box

Hardware and Secure Implementation of Enhanced ZUC Steam Cipher Based on Chaotic Dynamic S-Box

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Dentistry: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions

The integration of artificial intelligence [ AI] into dentistry is revolutionizing diagnostic, therapeutic, and patient management practices, addressing the growing complexity of modern dental care. This review explores the multifaceted applications of AI, including its role in diagnostics, treatment planning, patient communication, imaging, and robotics, highlighting its potential to enhance accuracy, efficiency, and patient satisfaction. Key benefits such as cost reduction and workflow optimization are contrasted with significant challenges, including technical limitations, ethical concerns, and barriers to adoption by practitioners. By analyzing emerging technologies like natural language processing [ NLP] and augmented reality [ AR], this paper outlines future directions for personalized and predictive dentistry and multidisciplinary collaboration. The findings underscore the transformative potential of AI in dentistry while emphasizing the need for robust frameworks to ensure ethical, secure, and effective implementation. This review serves as a comprehensive resource for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers aiming to harness AI to elevate the standards of dental care.

Enhanced Classification of Networks Encrypted Traffic: A Conceptual Analysis of Security Assessments, Implementation, Trends and Future Directions

Encryption is a fundamental security measure to safeguard data during transmission to ensure confidentiality while at the same time posing a great challenge for traditional packet and traffic inspection. With the widespread use of encrypted data transport, network traffic encryption is becoming a standard nowadays. This presents a challenge for traffic measurement, especially for analysis and anomaly detection methods, which are dependent on the type of network traffic. In this paper, we survey existing approaches for classification and analysis of encrypted trafficIn response to the proliferation of diverse network traffic patterns from IOT devices, websites, and mobile applications, understanding and classifying encrypted traffic are crucial for network administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and policy enforcement entities. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of recent advancements in numerous virtual private network and machine-learning-driven encrypted security protocols, that examines their critical role in modern networking and the protection of sensitive data across untrusted networks its traffic analysis and classification. We present the overall procedure and provide a detailed explanation of utilizing machine learning in analyzing and classifying encrypted network traffic. As VPN technologies have evolved over time, and today, they are essential in ensuring secure communications for both personal and enterprise use. This study also delves into various VPN protocols such as PPTP, L2TP/IPsec, OpenVPN, IKEv2/IPsec, and the newer WireGuard, evaluating their security features, strengths, and weaknesses in different network environments and reviewed state-of-the-art techniques and methodologies in traffic analysis. Our aim is to provide insights into current practices and future directions in encrypted traffic analysis and classification, that focusing on the integration of AI for enhanced VPN security and the adaptation of VPN protocols to a post-quantum world especially machine-learning-based analysis.

Rent-a-Read: A Secure, Cloud-Powered eBook Rental

Rent-a-Read is a secure, cloud-based eBook rental system designed to make books more accessible and affordable through a real-time rental platform. This paper presents a robust web-based solution that allows users to rent eBooks for a limited time, ensuring seamless access while preventing downloads. The platform is powered by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for secure storage, MongoDB for data management, and Flask with JWT authentication for backend services. The system implements fine-grained access control using signed URLs to provide time-limited access to rented content. Furthermore, MongoDB schemas are enforced to maintain data integrity, and the platform supports role-based access for customers and book owners. The integration of real-time payment system ensures a streamlined transaction process. This research outlines the architectural design, security implementations, and real-time functionalities that make Rent-a-Read a scalable and user-friendly solution for modern readers. Key Words: eBook rental, Cloud computing, MongoDB, AWS S3, Flask, JWT authentication, signed URLs, Role-based Access control, Secure content streaming, Real-time payments, Schema validation

A Review on Online Voting System using Face Recognition and Blockchain

Online voting systems represent a transformative approach to modernizing electoral processes, offering benefits such as increased accessibility, security, and efficiency. This paper explores the design, implementation, and challenges of online voting systems, with a particular focus on the integration of biometric authentication, encryption, and blockchain technology. These systems aim to address the critical issues of voter identity verification, fraud prevention, and the integrity of election results. The methodology for creating an online voting system involves a multi-stage process, including requirement analysis, system design, development, security implementation, testing, deployment, and post-election auditing. Despite the numerous advantages, challenges such as cybersecurity threats, privacy concerns, and digital accessibility remain. This paper discusses the importance of addressing these challenges to ensure the security, transparency, and inclusivity of online voting. By adopting robust security measures and considering the legal and technological landscape, online voting systems can enhance voter participation and transform electoral practices, providing a reliable and efficient alternative to traditional voting methods

A Secure and Efficient White-Box Implementation of SM4.

Differential Computation Analysis (DCA) leverages memory traces to extract secret keys, bypassing countermeasures employed in white-box designs, such as encodings. Although researchers have made great efforts to enhance security against DCA, most solutions considerably decrease algorithmic efficiency. In our approach, the Feistel cipher SM4 is implemented by a series of table-lookup operations, and the input and output of each table are protected by affine transformations and nonlinear encodings generated randomly. We employ fourth-order non-linear encoding to reduce the loss of efficiency while utilizing a random sequence to shuffle lookup table access, thereby severing the potential link between memory data and the intermediate values of SM4. Experimental results indicate that the DCA procedure fails to retrieve the correct key. Furthermore, theoretical analysis shows that the techniques employed in our scheme effectively prevent existing algebraic attacks. Finally, our design requires only 1.44 MB of memory, significantly less than that of the known DCA-resistant schemes-Zhang et al.'s scheme (24.3 MB), Yuan et al.'s scheme (34.5 MB) and Zhao et al.'s scheme (7.8 MB). Thus, our SM4 white-box design effectively ensures security while maintaining a low memory cost.

User Authentication System Using Python

User authentication is a critical component in ensuring the security and privacy of digital systems. This paper User authentication is a critical component in ensuring the security and privacy of digital systems. This paper explores the implementation of user authentication explores the implementation of user authentication systems using Python, a versatile and widely-used systems using Python, a versatile and widely used programming language. With its robust libraries and frame works, Python provides a comprehensive eco system for designing, developing, and deploying secure authentication mechanisms. The study focuses on the practical implementation of authentication methods, including password-based systems, two-factor authentication (2FA), and biometrics integration. Python libraries such as Flask and Django are employed to create backend systems, while libraries liked crypt and pass lib are utilized for hashing and securing passwords. The integration of 2FA is demonstrated using PyOTP, which facilitates one-time password generation to enhance security. This paper also highlights the role of JSON Web Tokens (JWT) in enabling secure, stateless user sessions, making them suitable for modern web and mobile applications. Python's inter operability with biometric authentication systems is explored through the use of APIs and machine learning libraries, providing a foundation for advanced authentication mechanisms. The proposed authentication system is evaluated for its security, scalability, and ease of implementation, offering insights into best practices for minimizing vulnerabilities such as brute force attacks and data breaches. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of encrypting sensitive user data during transmission using libraries like cryptography and SSL/TLS protocols. In conclusion, the paper demonstrates Python's potential to implement secure, flexible, and scalable user authentication systems suitable for diverse applications. It serves as a guide for developers and researchers aiming to enhance the security of their systems through robust authentication techniques. Programming language with its robust libraries and frameworks, Python provides a comprehensive eco system for designing, developing, and deploying secure authentication mechanisms. The study focuses on the practical implementation of authentication methods, including password-based systems, two-factor authentication (2FA), and biometrics integration. Python libraries such as Flask and Django are employed to create backend systems, while libraries like bcrypt and passlib are utilized for hashing and securing passwords. The integration of 2FA is demonstrated using PyOTP, which facilitates one-time password generation to enhance security.

The Transformative Role of Mobile Applications in Digital Banking: A Comprehensive Analysis of Customer Engagement and Service Evolution

The digital transformation of banking services through mobile applications represents a pivotal shift in the financial services industry, fundamentally changing how customers interact with their financial institutions. This comprehensive article research examines the multifaceted role of mobile applications in driving digital banking transformation, with particular emphasis on security implementations, customer engagement strategies, and the impact of automation and personalization on service delivery. The article analyzes the critical aspects of mobile banking infrastructure, including multi-layered security protocols, regulatory compliance frameworks, and technological integration strategies that have shaped the modern banking landscape. Special attention is given to the accelerated digital adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic, which served as a catalyst for unprecedented changes in banking behavior and technological advancement. Through analysis of industry data and expert insights, this research demonstrates how mobile banking applications have evolved from simple transaction tools into sophisticated platforms that integrate advanced security protocols, artificial intelligence, personalized analytics, and seamless customer engagement features. The article reveals significant improvements in customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and service accessibility, with mobile banking users showing an increase during the pandemic period and an increase in customer engagement for institutions implementing advanced analytics and personalization strategies. This article contributes to the understanding of mobile banking's evolutionary trajectory and provides valuable insights for financial institutions seeking to enhance their digital banking capabilities in an increasingly competitive landscape.

A quest for a decision-making model for Indonesia’s national social security policies

This study aims to identify key strategies and tactics necessary to effectively implement national social security in a democratic Indonesia. Indonesia established the Law on the National Social Security System in 2004. However, the national social security programs did not commence until 2014. The national social security implementation has faced significant obstacles. These challenges include recurring delays, legal disputes, appeals, judicial reviews, and deviations from the original policy objectives, all threatening the long-term viability of the national social security programs. This article applies a qualitative approach by critically analyzing regulations, government reports, and publicly available data and observing open public meetings and hearings concerning implementing national social security programs. Our findings indicate that implementing national social security policies in a democratic Indonesia depends on effectively managing the dynamic processes involved in policy formulation and adoption. We propose a risk-based decision-making model to assist policymakers in mitigating policy-related risks and enhance the effectiveness of future policy agendas in social security.

Pelaksanaan BPJS Ketenagakerjaan terhadap karyawan (Studi di PT. Wonebesco Group Indonesia)

The purpose of this research is to determine the procedures and obstacles in implementing the Employment Social Security Administering Agency at PT. Wonebesco Group Indonesia Purwokerto Banyumas Regency. The approach method in this research is normative juridical, namely an approach that uses a legalistic positivistic conception., the data used is primary data through observations and interviews with sources and respondents as main data, secondary data as supporting data in the form of legal materials, research specifications using research Clinical law (Clinical Legal Research) is research to apply law in abstracto to cases in concrete. The data obtained will be analyzed using qualitative analysis methods, namely by observing the data obtained with the provisions and legal principles related to the problem being studied. This research was conducted to answer the procedures and obstacles in the Implementation of the Employment Social Security Administering Agency at PT. Wonebesco Group Indonesia Purwokerto Banyumas Regency. with a positivistic legal conception method. Implementation of BPJS Employment at PT. Wonebesco is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations by applying the percentage of contributions borne by the employer and the workforce. Giving rights to workers who have passed their term of employment or have not received a contract extension to receive assistance and guidance by the company in making claims against BPJS Employment