Sector Of City Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Research in Smart Cities

In recent years, maintaining thermal comfort in urban environments has become a key concern, as cities grow rapidly and climate change intensifies. This study presents a bibliometric analysis to examine how thermal comfort is addressed in smart city research, categorizing the methodologies employed. A total of 300 papers from Scopus and 107 from Web of Science were collected. After removing duplicates across both datasets, 314 papers remained for analysis. A final dataset of 314 papers was analysed using Python, with the 300 from Scopus further examined using CiteSpace due to the 300-record limit of the basic version of the software. CiteSpace analysis reveals key trends, research networks, and methodological shift. With 15% of studies utilizing questionnaires, 35% employing simulation tools, and 50% relying on alternative methods. Python analysis highlights China and the USA as the most prolific countries in publishing research on this topic. This study emphasizes the evolving nature of research in the smart city sector and underscores the importance of integrating both conventional and innovative methodologies. Findings offer critical insights for urban planners and policymakers, particularly in relation to sustainable urban development and the mitigation of urban heat island effects. By mapping the intellectual configuration of thermal comfort research in smart cities, this paper not only addresses existing knowledge gaps but also provides a framework for future research to enhance the resilience and liveability of urban environments.

Socio-Economic Impact of Wage Inequality on Employee’s Satisfaction

This study addressed the research gap in understanding the factors that contribute to wage inequality and their impact on employee satisfaction in the public and private sectors. The study's objectives included exploring factors contributing to wage inequality, examining the impact of socio-economic factors on job satisfaction, and proposing measures to reduce wage inequality and improve job satisfaction in both sectors. The study collected primary data through questionnaire method from the public and private sectors of twin cities to estimate the direct effect of independent variables on employee satisfaction. The stratified sampling technique was used for the comparison of employees who are more satisfied either in the private or public sector. The study also used a binary logisticmodel to examine the null hypothesis, which stated that there was a significant gap in employee fulfillment among private or public sectors and that there was a significant difference in socio-economic factors of employees in both sectors. The analysis included 407 cases. The frequency of private institution employees was 186 while public institution employees was 221. It is believed that the study'sfindings will contribute to the current conversation about pay disparities and provide organizations and decision-makers with practical advice for raising satisfaction with work and decreasing wage inequality.

Policy implementation of law no. 33 of 2014 concerning halal product guarantees (UU JPH) for micro-small businesses in the food and beverage sector in Surabaya city

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are a sector that is important to the country's economy. Despite the limited resources, MSEs have resilience to economic crises. This research focuses on a policy implementation study of Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee (JPH Law) on micro and small scale businesses in the food and beverage in Surabaya City. This research raises two problem formulations, the role played by stakeholders in this law to increase halal certificates of micro small businesses in the food and beverage in Surabaya City and the obstacles faced by stakeholders in increasing halal certificates of micro small businesses in the food and beverage in Surabaya City. Researchers used the theory of policy implementation initiated by Merilee S. Grindle. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and uses direct observation and interviews with various sources to obtain primary data. Secondary data are obtained through searches from various sources. The result of this research is that are three kinds of stakeholder actors in the implementation of the JPH Law, government, non- government institutions, and micro and small business actors in Surabaya City. Government and non-government institutions in Surabaya City organize various kinds of collaboration programmes in order to implement the JPH Law in Surabaya City. However, the implementation of the JPH Law in Surabaya City has encountered many obstacles due to weaknesses in the content of policy and context of implementation of the JPH Law that is not in accordance with the needs of the society. Keywords: Policy Implementation, Halal Certification, Socialization, Halal Product Guarantee

Cyber Security in Smart Cities: Role of 5G Technologies the Indian Perspective

The UN-Habitat World Cities Report 2022 published in June 2022 states that, population in urban areas of India is estimated to reach at 675 million and will be 43.2 percent of its total population by 2035. It will be the second highest figure, behind China’s one billion. In last two decades, India and China experienced rapid urbanization and economic growth. As a result, number of people living in poverty reduced [1]. The Government of India launched “The Smart Cities Mission (SCM)” on 25 June 2015[2]. The aim is to spearhead development and quality of life in urban areas with the help of IT and IT enabled services. The smart cities in India though growing in numbers are more of an up-gradation of the old legacy township where the basic amenities and infrastructure are being given a fresh look with implementation of the modern tools and development techniques. Presently many legacy manual systems for essential services like power, water, communication, transport and many public distribution systems lack the resources and capacity to meet the growing demand and aspirations of people. Most smart cities are seeing uncontrolled and uncoordinated developments with various agencies working in their comfort zones and SILOS have failed to adequately address the role of cyber security that comes as potential risk with such modern IT enabled services. Adherence to standards and protocols for cyber security in the smart city sector are mostly missing or being adopted in an adhocmanner.Since the concept of changing urban life style in the Smart Cities is in a very nascent stage, it throws lot of challenges for the administration to deal with issues of cyber attacks. This research is aimed at identification and analysisof potential cyber security risks and challenges of smart cities. The focus will be to understand the entire ecosystem of smart city challenges and desired security standards, various security regulatory frameworks in world &India and how they can be adopted to the Indian scenario. Further the latent capabilities and advantages of using 5G technology has been touched upon in conjunction with how its adoption id developing the Smart Cities can help. This research finally proposes a way ahead to an integrated approach to smart city development, exploiting the available technologies.

The impact of digital transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands at commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh city

ESG (environmental, social and governance, a framework used to assess an organisation’s business practices and performance on various sustainability and ethical issues) and Digital Transformation (the process of using digital technologies to change a business’s operations, products and services by integrating digital solutions into all areas of the business, which can lead to cultural and technological changes) are emerging issues across different industries, including the banking field. There has been limited research focusing on exploring the linkages between ESG, Digital Transformation and Customer Behaviour in the banking area, especially within developing countries such as Vietnam. Based on this gap, this study analyses and assesses the role of Digital Transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands in the banking sector in Ho Chi Minh City. The research employed the quantitative research methods with the combination of fundamental analytical methods such as statistics, Cronbach’s alpha reliability, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), measurement models and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The analysis was based on survey data from 550 customers who are the commercial banks’ current customers and live in Ho Chi Minh City, yielding 514 valid responses. Using SPSS and SMART PLS software, the study provided notable results. Specifically: (1) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO), Government Issues (GO) and Digital Transformation (DT), positively influence Customer Behaviour (CB); (2) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO) and Government Issues (GO), play a mediating role in the relationship between Digital Transformation (DT) and Customer Behaviour (CB).

Secondary cities at the residential housing frontier: Examining the determinants of private renters’ residential satisfaction in Ghana

Decades of political ambivalence, housing injustice, and a neoliberal housing sector aided by the government’s lax approach to housing provision have meant that, private rental housing remains the predominant sector for housing urban residents and their shifting geographies into secondary cities. Residential satisfaction in urban areas provides an important socio-spatial view of the housing sector in secondary cities and its implications for the inclusive and sustainable development of small and medium-sized cities. Yet, a large set of studies into the private rental housing sector has paid little attention to the influence of housing services (i.e. satisfaction with maintenance services, utility services and privacy) on residential satisfaction amongst private rental households. Using an ordinal logistic regression model and based on a sample size of 246 private rental households, this paper examined the influence of sociodemographic and housing services (i.e. satisfaction with maintenance services, utility services and privacy) variables on residential satisfaction amongst private rental households living in Cape Coast, Ghana. The chi-square test revealed a significant relationship between duration of stay (χ2 = 15.908, p = 0.003), satisfaction with maintenance service (χ2 = 98.477, p = 0.000), satisfaction with utility services (electricity and water) (χ2 = 45.934, p = 0.000), satisfaction with privacy (χ2 = 41.252, p = 0.000) and residential satisfaction. Further, the logistic regression analysis also showed a significant negative relationship between maintenance services (β = −3.928, p < 0.001), utility services (electricity and water) (β = −1.033, p < 0.001), privacy (β = −2.716, p < 0.01) and residential satisfaction. The findings call for the attention of both researchers and policymakers to recognize the inseparable relationship between housing and the broader built environment and to address challenges confronting the rental housing sector—considering that the quality of the residential environment is directly linked to the quality of life and the socio-physical well-being of residents.

Estimating the Carbon Footprint of Civil Electrical Diesel Generators in Baghdad City

The research objective is to guess the carbon footprint value generated by civil electrical diesel generators (EDGs) in terms of carbon dioxide. This research evaluates the carbon footprint of electrical diesel generators in Baghdad throughout 2023. In this work, carbon footprint refers to the total CO2 generated by all EDGs. The total carbon footprint (CO2 generated) is 3454235.9 tons/year. The Al-Rusafa side has a larger number of EDGs than the Al-Karkh side. As a result, Al-Rusafa generates more electricity and CO2, producing 2,980.95 GWh/year and emitting 2,086,665.8 tons/year of CO2, compared to Al-Karkh, which generates 1,953.67 GWh/year and emits 1,367,570.1 tons/year of CO2. This is due to the larger population on the Al-Rusafa side compared to the Al-Karkh side. First Al-Sadr City and the Second Al-Sadr City sectors have the highest effective carbon footprint (effective CO2 generated) values, at 12460.19 tons/year km2 and 13214.79 tons/year km2, respectively. While the lowest value for the effective carbon footprint in Al-Dora is 4011.236 tons/year km2.

The role of the Modern Cities Program in the renewal of the cultural and creative sector

The Modern Cities Program is the largest-scale urban development effort in the history of the country, with which the Government of Hungary aims to promote the simultaneous development of municipalities at the same hierarchical level. Its projects focus on the preservation of intangible and tangible cultural heritage, the transformation of urban public spaces and green areas into community spaces, the creation of institutions for sports and recreational activities, research and development, digitalization, projects for innovative and creative professionals, and public educational and cultural institutions. The study aims to analyze the funding granted for developing the cultural and creative sector of cities with county rights through the Modern Cities Program in the period 2016–2025, by comparing the size of their population, their strategic importance in regional economic policy and the relationship between the value of the cultural heritage with the amount of funding received. The paper unveils the distribution of grants over time and space, the modalities and proportion of grants, and the way the cities that has received grants align with the national strategy. This will also reveal a shift in the regional importance of the cities and their relationship. Until February 2024, the Government of Hungary has contributed more than HUF 322.6 billion (809.5 million EUR) to the implementation of 98 cultural and creative projects in 22 cities with county rights through its urban development support program that has been established for the development and regeneration of cities with county rights and to counter the dominance of the capital.

Spatial Coordination Analysis and Development Methods of the Catering Sector in Yongkang City

The catering sector is recognized as a crucial driver for stimulating domestic consumption and fostering sustained economic growth. A scientifically informed spatial planning of the catering sector in county-level cities can help mitigate the overconcentration or excessive dispersal of resources, thereby enhancing the efficiency of land and commercial resource utilization, reducing waste, and promoting sustainable development within a county’s economy. This study focuses on Yongkang City, located in central Zhejiang Province, as a case study. Using Python 3.1 software to extract point-of-interest (POI) data, spatial analysis techniques such as standard deviation ellipses and kernel density estimation are employed to elucidate the spatial distribution characteristics of the catering sector, comprehensive transportation, and public services in Yongkang City. Furthermore, a coupling coordination degree model is utilized to quantify the coupling coordination degrees between the catering sector and comprehensive transportation (D1), as well as between the catering sector and public services (D2), ultimately assessing the overall coupling coordination degree among the three sectors (D3). Based on the analysis results, the coupling coordination degrees are categorized into five levels, followed by a detailed evaluation of the catering sector’s development across different subdistricts. The findings indicate a certain degree of spatial imbalance in the distribution of the catering sector in Yongkang City, with the western region exhibiting a more favorable development trajectory. Notably, Dongcheng Subdistrict achieved the highest coupling coordination degree (0.993), while the northern region, hindered by underdeveloped economic conditions and limited transportation infrastructure, exhibited the lowest coordination degree (0.098). Considering the unique developmental characteristics and current conditions of each subdistrict, this study advocates for the formulation of a long-term sustainable development plan for the catering sector in Yongkang City. The findings of this research may offer valuable insights for other regions and countries, thereby promoting the sustainable advancement of the catering sector.

Penerapan Diversi terhadap Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencurian di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Resort Kota Jambi

Many children are now involved in criminal acts, including theft, so the solution needs to be done through diversion. The aim of the research is to understand and analyze the application of diversion to children as perpetrators of criminal acts in the jurisdiction of the Jambi City Resort Police and the obstacles in criminal law in the application of diversion to children as perpetrators of criminal acts in the jurisdiction of the Jambi City Resort Police. For this reason, this research uses a legal sociology approach with an activity design for 6 months whose scope or object in this research focuses on the application of diversion to children who are perpetrators of criminal acts of theft in the Jambi New City Sector Police. The main materials and tools used in this research are primary legal materials that come from the field and secondary legal materials that come from the library, then the place used in this research is the Jambi New City police sector so that the data collection technique is in the form of direct interviews with respondents. which produces an analysis technique, namely qualitative analysis. The results of this research are that diversion has not been applied to children as perpetrators of criminal acts by the Jambi City Resort Police, but there are still several obstacles so that diversion is often failed in achieving this and obstacles in implementing diversion against children as perpetrators of criminal acts of theft in the jurisdiction of the Sector Police. Kota Baru Jambi is where the victim does not want to carry out diversion because they still prioritize the deterrent effect on the perpetrator.

Parameters and barriers affecting the marketability of energy efficient residential buildings: a case study in Turkey

ABSTRACT The data indicate that merely improving energy efficiency within energy-efficient buildings (EEBs) is insufficient to significantly reduce the energy demand of the building sector. To achieve substantial reductions, strategies must also focus on increasing the number of EEBs within the existing building stock. However, research in this area remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore the current market demand and barriers for EEBs, examine the impact of various design decisions on housing prices, identify the factors influencing the marketability of residential buildings, and analyze customer purchasing decisions in Turkey (Türkiye). For this purpose, a comprehensive literature review was first made. It was observed that factors such as macroeconomic conditions, sales price, housing opportunities, location, brand, customer demographics, energy efficiency, housing features, and aesthetics were frequently discussed in the literature. Based on the literature review and preliminary study results, among other factors, aesthetic appreciation is considered the most applicable design strategy, and windows and balconies are identified as building components that can simultaneously affect energy efficiency, marketability, and aesthetics. Then, as a preliminary study to determine major marketing strategies, the housing marketing strategies were surveyed and analyzed from the real estate sector in different cities as provided in the advertisements posted on their websites. Furthermore, a comprehensive e-mail survey was conducted with 351 different real estate companies amongst 22 cities of Türkiye. Based on the findings, enhancing architectural designs could potentially elevate the perceived value of energy-efficient homes by up to 18% among consumers and this can increase the marketability.

Pengaruh Promosi, Harga dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Penjualan pada UMKM di Sektor Percetakan Kota Medan

This study aims to examine and analyze how and to what extent advertising, price and customer satisfaction affect the sales of MSMEs in the Medan printing sector. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The data used is primary data collected from respondents and SMEs. The target of this survey is printing in the city of Medan, and the target survey is data of 50 respondents. This study uses the SPSS 20.0 test device for classical hypothesis testing, multiple regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of the hypothesis test or t-test, it can be shown that: Promotion will partially have a significant positive impact on the sales of MSMEs in the printing sector in the city of Medan. Prices have a significant positive impact on the sales of MSMEs in the Medan printing sector. Customer satisfaction has a significant positive impact on MSME sales in the Medan printing sector. And the results of the F test show that the quality of advertising, price and service have a significant positive effect on the sales of MSMEs in the printing sector in Medan city. Together, the results of this test show that the variables of promotion, price, and service quality contribute 74.4% to the sales variable. Price and service quality have a significant positive effect on the sales of Medan printing MSMEs. Together, the results of this test show that the variables of promotion, price, and service quality contribute 74.4% to the sales variable. Price and service quality have a significant positive effect on the sales of Medan printing MSMEs. Together, the results of this test show that the variables of promotion, price, and service quality contribute 74.4% to the sales variable.

Impactos ecológicos, económicos y sociales del sector cacaotero colombiano

Due to its excellent quality, Colombian cocoa has become a product that has made considerable inroads in the national and international market, increasing its demand and the effects inherent to its production practices. This scope review was carried out following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), which allowed the selection of 72 documents, whose information extraction led to the identification and standardization of the economic, ecological and social impacts of the cocoa sector in the different producing cities of Colombia, of which Santander, Antioquia, Arauca, Huila and Tolima stand out since they generate 70 % of the cocoa production at the national level. In the review, a total of 13 social, 25 ecological and 21 economic impacts are clearly observed, which correspond to the most persistent impacts evidenced in the different investigations carried out in this country.

Evaluating the carbon emissions of Hong Kong's building sector from the life cycle perspective

The building sector is a typical end-use sector that involves multiple stages associated with carbon emissions (CE). Accurately quantifying the CE of the building sector from the life cycle perspective can establish a foundation for its decarbonisation. This study focuses on Hong Kong to develop a six-stage CE calculation methodology with the process-based life cycle assessment framework. Specifically, the datasets of newly-constructed buildings are analysed to classify the buildings into 11 archetypes. Furthermore, the logarithmic mean Divisia index is used to identify the primary driving factors of the CE. Results show that the CE of Hong Kong's building sector ranged from 34.75 to 40.23 Mt per annum during the ten-year period 2012–2021. Electricity consumption accounted for over 90 % of the operational CE, while the production of major building materials, such as steel, cement, and aluminium, took up over 80 % of the embodied CE. Moreover, energy efficiency and CE efficiency factors were revealed to impose significant impacts on CE decrease by 1.94 and 1.68 Mt cumulatively in 2012–2021, whereas the population factor was found to increase the CE by 1.43 Mt. The findings should inform Hong Kong building sector's decarbonisation plan, and the study provides an innovative approach for tracking the climate change impacts of building sectors in cities.

Voluntary initiatives of non-profit organizations in the formation of creative communities and creative spaces of the city: a philosophical view

Relevance. This article examines the topical issue of the role of the non-profit sector in urban development from a philosophical point of view. The authors cite key concepts that reveal the socio-legal aspects of the work of NGOs; define the socio-philosophical significance of the activities of non-profit organizations in Russian cities.The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of volunteer initiatives of the non-profit sector on the development of creative locations of cities, the dynamics of territorial development.Objectives: to determining the relationship of NGOs with the development of the creative potential of the city; socio-philosophical analysis of competitive materials of applications from non-profit organizations to civil society development funds; identification of directions for the formation of urban creative and innovative spaces created with the help of NGOs.Methodology. The work uses a systematic method, an analytical review and synthesis of the information under study. The authors used materials from open data reports on the evaluation of the results of the projects of the winners of the competitions for grants from the President of the Russian Federation for the development of civil society in 2022.Results. The result is an idea of the socio-cultural modernization of the urban sphere. Initiative in the implementation of voluntary urban socially significant projects forms the sustainability of urban living conditions, the investment and image attractiveness of the city, and the positive migration issue. The interrelation between initiative projects of representatives of the non-profit sector and socio-cultural design of the environment, activation of the creative class, and improvement of the comfort level of urban areas is revealed. Modern active NGOs in Russian cities represent the avant-garde, implementing creative projects and broadcasting cultural trends, creative practices that define the conceptual meanings of the development of a particular city (region). Projects based on the voluntary aspirations of citizens and related to the assistance of specific social groups acquire a sustainable character of development and form the features of the city.Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the work of the non-profit sector in Russian cities is transforming urban spaces by developing creative resources and creative industries.

The Influence of Capital, Training, and Mentoring on The Success of MSMEs Businesses in The Fashion Sector During The COVID-19 Pandemic in Pekanbaru

This study aims to determine the effect of Capital on the Success of Fashion Sector MSMEs during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pekanbaru, to determine the effect of Training on the Success of Fashion Sector MSMEs during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pekanbaru, to determine the effect of Assistance on the Success of Fashion Sector MSMEs during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pekanbaru. To determine the effect of capital, training, and mentoring on the success of MSMEs in the Fashion Sector during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pekanbaru. The population of this study is the fashion sector in Pekanbaru city. The sample selection technique was carried out using the probability sampling method of the mulitistage sampling model and obtained as many as 80 MSMEs. This research includes quantitative descriptive research and hypothesis testing is carried out with the help of SPSS statistical test tools. Capital has a significant effect on the business success of fashion sector MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic in Pekanbaru. This shows that the better the capital of MSME actors, the more the success of MSME businesses will increase. Training has a significant effect on the success of fashion sector MSME businesses during the Covid-19 pandemic in Pekanbaru. The more frequent the training provided, the more visible the development of MSMEs will be. Assistance has a significant effect on the success of MSME businesses in the fashion sector during the Covid-19 pandemic in Pekanbaru. This shows that the better the assistance to MSME actors, the more the success of MSME businesses will increase. There is a simultaneous influence of capital, training and mentoring on the success of MSME businesses. This shows that the better the business capital, the training received and the assistance obtained will affect the success of MSME businesses together.

Spatiotemporal variations of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in China: A sectoral allocation approach based on multi-source data

Fossil fuel (FF) CO2 emissions account for the largest portion of human-related CO2 emissions. It is essential to accurately understand the spatial distribution of high-resolution FFCO2 emissions to formulate different carbon emission reduction policies in different regions. Therefore, a sectoral allocation approach was proposed to estimate FFCO2 emissions in China from 2000 to 2021 based on multi-source data. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal characteristics of FFCO2 emissions in different sectors were analyzed at different scales, and the spatial correlation of FFCO2 emissions in the service sector and industrial sector was also evaluated through Moran's index. The results showed that the mean R2 value of the sectoral allocation approach (0.89) exceeds that of the approach using only nighttime light (0.72). Moreover, the calculated results were utilized to analyze the Spatiotemporal variation of FFCO2 emissions. The analysis revealed that China's FFCO2 emissions increased from 3173 Mt in 2000–10662 Mt in 2021. The high emissions of FFCO2 mainly come from the industrial sectors in North China and Central China, as well as the service sectors in the eastern coastal cities and other provincial capital cities. The spatial dependence of FFCO2 emissions in the industrial sector was stronger than that in the service sector, but the spatial dependence of FFCO2 emissions in the service sector showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2021. These results have important references and implications for region-specific carbon emission reduction policies.

Distribution of Private Dental Healthcare Facilities in Riyadh City: A GIS-Based Approach.

The dental healthcare private sector in Riyadh city has been growing rapidly over the past few years; however, there is a lack of information on the accessibility and spatial distribution of private dental healthcare facilities (PDHFs) in the area. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of PDHFs in Riyadh city in relation to population density in each sub-municipality. The current information regarding the number, location, and operability of PDHFs in Riyadh city was obtained from the Ministry of Health. A total of 632 operating PDHFs were included with the precise location plotted on Quantum Geographic Information System software (version 3.32.1, Essen, Germany) using Google Earth. Four levels of buffer zones-1 km, 3 km, 5 km, and >5 km-were determined. The population statistics and mean monthly individual income per district were gathered from Zadd.910ths. Microsoft Excel (version 16.0, Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) and RStudio software (version 4.1.3, Posit Software, PBC, Boston, MA, USA) were used for additional data analysis. There was an overall ratio of one PDHF per 9958 residents in Riyadh city. Olaya and Maather sub-municipalities had the largest PDHF-to-population ratios: (1:4566) and (1:4828), respectively. Only 36.3% of the city's total area was within a 1 km buffer zone from a PDHF. There was an overall weak positive correlation between the number of PDHFs and the total area in each sub-municipality (r = 0.29), and the distribution of PDHFs was uneven corresponding to the area (G* = 0.357). There was an uneven distribution of PDHFs in Riyadh city. Some areas were underserved while others were overserved in several sub-municipalities. Policy-makers and investors are encouraged to target underserved areas rather than areas with significant clustering to improve access to care.

Job Characteristics and Task Performance: The Role of Technostress among Teleworkers

Task performance remains a main issue for teleworkers in organizations during theCOVID-19 and post-COVID era. The unique demands and challenges faced byteleworkers result in increased stress and decreased task performance. This studyfocuses on the relatively overlooked indirect effect of technostress during postcovid and between job characteristics and task performance. The survey approachwas used to collect the data from 248 employees from teleworkers working in theIT and telecom sectors of Pakistan's twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad). Thepurposive sampling technique was used to collect data. The findings suggested thatTask Autonomy and Task Identity had a significant positive impact on TaskPerformance. The research provides a unique set of lessons that the IT sectorshould implement to increase the task performance of teleworkers, whichultimately leads to achieving goals and gaining a competitive advantage. The studycontributes to the existing literature on the contributing factor that improves theeffectiveness of teleworkers in the IT sector of Pakistan. The study is unique in itsscope and implications, focusing on the IT sector. This research will provideuseful insight to better understand how task autonomy and task identity arenecessary for the effectiveness of teleworkers’ task performance where technologyis the only source of communication between all the employees.

Pengenalan Penggunaan Media Sosial Sebagai Sarana Untuk Memasarkan Produk Kepada Mitra UMKM

The impact of the pandemic has been felt in all aspects of life, especially the economy in Indonesia. There are many business sectors that have been forced out of business because they are unable to deal with the brunt of this deadly virus. As time goes by, conditions that are getting better after the pandemic require entrepreneurs to start opening their businesses again. The existence of positive opportunities makes MSME actors have enormous potential to be successful in the market, if they can adopt the right marketing strategy. The SME group in the Depok area, to be precise, the Azalea Grand Depok City Sector, have started learning to build small businesses in local residential areas. Before this activity was carried out, several participants were recorded as not having Social Media accounts, not even using Social Media for their product marketing activities. After this activity was held, it was discovered that 90% of the Counseling and Training participants had Social Media Accounts, 90% had Instagram/Tiktok accounts, 80% used their accounts to promote their products, and 95% stated that the counseling and training was useful for them.