Sector Organizations Research Articles

Stakeholder perceptions of public sector sustainability reporting – views from IPSASB consultations

Purpose To determine the potential of stakeholder engagement to shape sustainability reporting standards for public sector organisations (PSOs), this paper aims to examine stakeholder responses to the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board’s (IPSASB) most recent consultation paper on the topic. Design/methodology/approach This study conducts a qualitative thematic analysis of stakeholder submissions to the IPSASB’s first consultation paper on sustainability reporting for PSOs, published in 2022, using NVivo software. Findings While initial stakeholder responses appeared to align with the IPSASB proposals, many also expressed significant concerns. These included a lack of sustainability reporting guidance tailored to PSOs, doubts over the “legitimacy” of IPSASB to set the standards, as well as its failure to include Indigenous perspectives, broader sustainability expertise and collaboration with other international accounting bodies in the standard-setting process. Practical implications This study emphasises the critical need for stakeholder concerns to be addressed in the development of standards for PSOs. These insights could inform public policy and guide IPSASB in producing inclusive, effective standards for PSOs to achieve and report on their sustainability goals. Social implications Inclusive decision-making in standard-setting is fundamental to serving the public interest. By reflecting diverse stakeholder perspectives, including those of Indigenous peoples and sustainability experts, the resulting standards will provide better sustainability guidance to PSOs. Originality/value This paper contributes to the theories informing sustainability reporting and standard-setting with its combination of theoretical approaches and practical implications for standard-setters. By providing a comprehensive analysis of stakeholder feedback on the IPSASB consultation paper, highlighting the critical importance of inclusive stakeholder engagement, this study addresses a gap in the literature, thereby amplifying the call for robust, globally recognised sustainability reporting standards tailored specifically for PSOs.

Impact of authentic leadership on employees’ creative work behavior: a mediated moderated model

PurposeEmployees’ creativity is a critical factor in today’s dynamic working conditions. This study investigates the impact of authentic leadership on the creative work behavior of employees through psychological empowerment as a mediating mechanism. Moreover, the study also aims to examine the moderating role of organizational identification, drawing upon social identity theory. Specifically, organizational identification is expected to moderate the relationship between psychological empowerment and creative work behavior. Furthermore, it can also potentially moderate the indirect effect of authentic leadership on creative work behavior through psychological empowerment.Design/methodology/approachWe collected a total of 314 valid responses from the employees working in private and public sector organizations within the telecommunications sector in Sindh, Pakistan.FindingsWe analyzed the data using Mplus 8.0. Our findings revealed that authentic leadership leverages creativity via psychological empowerment. Moreover, authentic leadership potentially acts as a moderator. Our results also found support for conditional indirect effects.Originality/valueLeaders’ authenticity is an emerging concept. Its role in producing a creative workforce is still in the developmental stage. This study highlights that managers must be trained to develop the traits of authentic leadership and organizational identification so that they can raise employees’ psychological empowerment and creative work behavior.

Direction and Desire

In this contribution, Research in Residence (RinR) co-facilitators Mary Elizabeth Luka and Robin Sokolsoki host a conversation with members of the RinR Funder Advisory, addressing the dynamics of collaboration, impact assessment, and applied research in the Canadian culture sector, using RinR as a case in point. While projects and operational approaches that incorporate partnerships and collaboration have been encouraged and funded for many decades through programs such as the Digital Strategy Fund at the Canada Council for the Arts, or by the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada through its suite of partnership grants, how funders collaborate or enable partnerships among themselves or more directly with sector organizations has been less supported or evident. Additionally, over the last decade, industry and scholarly researchers have repeatedly noted that the sector tends to depend on a narrow band of research practices to conduct impact assessments— primarily from financial or economic points of view—and thereby to inform future directions not just for the organizations but also for the sector. To respond to this situation, in 2020, Mass Culture convened a series of discussions that resulted in various levels of resource support as well as participation commitments from several funder organizations for what became the Research-in-Residence: Arts’ Civic Impact initiative in 2021-23. This article traces the snowball effect of bringing various levels of funders onboard for this project before turning to discussions of how the group worked together throughout the project, including key learnings shared across the funding ecosystem and into the sector.

Transformational Leadership in E-Government: Fostering Innovation and Efficiency in Public Administration

Transformational leadership has emerged as a critical factor in driving the success of e-government initiatives, particularly in fostering innovation and enhancing efficiency in public administration. This study explores the role of transformational leadership in the adoption and implementation of e-government systems, focusing on its ability to inspire change, motivate teams, and navigate complex challenges inherent in digital transformation. Utilizing a qualitative methodology based on a systematic literature review and library research, this paper synthesizes insights from academic studies, case reports, and policy documents to examine how transformational leaders influence the success of e-government projects. The findings highlight that transformational leadership, characterized by vision, charisma, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration, significantly contributes to creating an innovative culture within public administration. Leaders who adopt this style are more effective in overcoming resistance to change, encouraging collaboration across departments, and aligning digital transformation goals with public service objectives. The study also identifies key challenges faced by transformational leaders in e-government, such as resistance from stakeholders, limited resources, and the need for continuous upskilling of personnel. This research emphasizes the importance of integrating transformational leadership principles into the planning and execution of e-government initiatives. By doing so, public sector organizations can achieve higher levels of efficiency, transparency, and citizen satisfaction. Future studies are encouraged to explore specific case studies and empirical data to further validate the role of transformational leadership in e-government.

Use of digital facilitation to support the use of digital services in general practice in England: An interview study with key stakeholders.

Digital services in primary care are becoming more common, yet access to and use of services can create inequities. Our aim was to explore the drivers, priorities, and evolving policy context influencing digital facilitation in primary care as reported by national, regional and local level stakeholders in England. We conducted online semi-structured qualitative interviews with stakeholders, including those in NHS England organisations, local commissioners for health care, statutory and third sector organisations, those working within the research community, and digital platform providers. Interviews were analysed using a thematic approach. The majority of stakeholders worked in national level roles, in commissioning or statutory and third sector organisations working in relation to digital inclusion and patient access. Demographic inequalities, poor usability of digital primary care services, and low digital skills were perceived to comprise some of the barriers facing patients in accessing and using digital primary care services. Demand pressures in general practice, inconsistent training opportunities in digital services for staff, and conflicting perceptions around who should be responsible in organising digital facilitation were reported as barriers in the organisation and provision of digital facilitation in primary care. Stakeholders shared future visions for digital primary care and recommended focusing on establishing the concept of digital facilitation and promoting the benefits in its adoption. Policy that is specific to digital facilitation and not just to digital services is required to establish clear lines of responsibility, investment in staff time and training, and the development of digital services that work well for various groups of patients and practice staff. A multi-organisational working team involving decision-makers and those working on the ground in general practice is encouraged to establish principles for supporting patients and staff in accessing and using digital primary care services in the NHS in England.

Social interventions for children in street situations in South Africa: socio-legal protection by the South African Department of Social Development

Social interventions for children in street situations in South Africa: socio-legal protection by the South African Department of Social Development

Public crisis management during COVID-19: an empirical analysis of professional and volunteer emergency responders in Germany

PurposeCrises such as the 2015–2016 European refugee crisis and the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represent creeping crises that public organisations manage. Yet both scholars and practitioners lack insight into how well public organisations manage creeping crises that lead to a new normal and whether professionals and volunteers differ in their crisis response.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data from 112 professional and volunteer emergency responders in Germany, this study examines how crisis-induced reforms and challenges during COVID-19 affected their crisis response. This study uses partial least squares structural equation modelling to evaluate the relationships among crisis-induced reforms and challenges and both crisis response proficiency and collaboration intention.FindingsCrisis-induced reforms support both crisis response proficiency and collaboration intention, while organisational challenges weaken response proficiency. A group comparison reveals that whereas professional responders are more likely to manage crises better than volunteer responders, volunteer responders are more predisposed to engage in future stakeholder collaboration.Practical implicationsPublic sector organisations need to embrace opportunities for better crisis response through crisis-induced reforms. Additionally, policymakers need to acknowledge the differing capabilities and support needs of both professional and volunteer emergency responders.Originality/valueThis study provides insights into creeping crisis management by analysing crisis response proficiency and collaboration for two typical crisis responders: emergency response professionals and volunteers. While demonstrating that crisis response proficiency is more realistic in a professional setting, whereas volunteers more strongly focus on collaboration, the study presents a differentiated view of public crisis responders.

Pastoral Narrative Disclosure

This study presents a community chaplaincy evaluation of pastoral narrative disclosure (PND) as a structured intervention for addressing moral injury (MI) among individuals who have experienced morally injurious events. Pastoral narrative disclosure is an evidence-based, eight-stage pastoral counselling, guidance and education framework that integrates the principles of both adaptive disclosure and confessional narrative. Previously, PND training was evaluated exclusively among Australian military chaplains (n = 201; Carey et al., 2024). In contrast, this evaluation focuses on community chaplains (n = 76), representing diverse organizations in Australia, including police, healthcare, welfare, prison, school, ambulance and veteran sectors. All participating community chaplains completed the Australian Defence Force Chaplaincy Moral Injury Skills Training (MIST) programme, culminating in the final praxis stage of PND. The evaluation revealed high overall satisfaction with the MIST-PND strategy, with participants reporting a mean satisfaction score of 4.88 out of 5 (n = 76), aligning closely with the satisfaction ratings obtained from military chaplains (? = 4.73/5; n = 201). Qualitative feedback was thematically collated, indicating widespread satisfaction with the (i) MIST programme, (ii) PND strategy, (iii) presenters and (iv) practical application role-plays. A diverse range of suggestions are also noted for potential improvement. Overall, the findings are consistent with those from the military chaplaincy evaluation, highlighting the utility of PND within community contexts. Despite several limitations, the results support the broader application of PND in addressing MI, particularly in community health, veteran and welfare settings, as well as among first responders. These findings justify further implementation of PND and additional research to assess its effectiveness across non-military sectors.

Impact of institutional change programs on digital and sustainable public sector governance

PurposeInstitutional change (IC) programs in the public sector are often driven by sustainability and digitalisation as contextual factors, contributing to the development of digital and sustainable governance (DSG) systems. This study aims to explore the longitudinal impact of ICs on DSG advancements.Design/methodology/approachWe collected and analysed data of 200 public sector organisations in two European countries and conducted a longitudinal analysis, focusing on the impact of European Union-funded IC programs.FindingsResults show that steps towards digital governance (DG) are demonstrably linked to environmental efforts, and EU-funded IC programs could have a long-term positive impact on digital and environmentally sustainable governance in Europe. Findings, however, highlight the unbalanced nature of sustainability governance, as environmental and policy-related conditions and activities seem to be overemphasised.Practical implicationsEnvironmental policy seems to be established, but future DG initiatives should consider more environmental polity conditions and activities (e.g. dedicated departments), as well as economic and social sustainability to ensure well-balanced governance systems.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores empirically how prior IC programs affect future DSG in the public sector.

Linking workplace digitalization to work engagement: evidence from China public sector organizations

PurposeThe construction of “Digital Government” has greatly facilitated the workplace digitalization in the public sectors of China. Workplace digitalization has become a pervasive phenomenon in modern organizations, including the public sector. Existing research on the impact of workplace digitalization on individual behavior has yielded conflicting results, making the impact of workplace digitalization on employee work engagement remains a subject of debate and investigation. Based on the transactional theory of stress, this article aims to examine how workplace digitalization influences government employees’ work engagement through different appraisals (i.e., challenge and threat) and the moderating role of a personal trait (i.e., digital literacy).MethodsStructured questionnaires and a three-wave research design were used to collect data. A total of 290 employees from public organizations in Guangdong Province, in China, participated in the study. SPSS and MPLUS were used to analyze the data using the latest bootstrapping and process macro techniques.ResultsThe results show that workplace digitalization can produce both beneficial and detrimental impacts on work engagement of government employees via challenge and threat appraisals, respectively. The digital literacy of government employees was confirmed to moderate the impacts of perceived workplace digitalization on stress appraisals (i.e., challenge and threat).ConclusionOur study proposes a theoretical framework that explain the mixed impacts of workplace digitalization on government employees’ work engagement via challenge and threat appraisals. It also offers practical suggestions to public sector and managers on how to balance the challenge and threat aspects of digitalization in the workplace.

Strategic human resources management in times of economic uncertainty: a lifebuoy for employees?

PurposeDrawing on social exchange and street-level bureaucracy (SLB) theories, the authors of the present paper seek to identify how public banks in Egypt strategically manage their frontline employees to maintain high performance even during periods of economic uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical sample comprises semi-structured interviews with 28 frontline employees working in 4 public banks. The authors used the Gioia mechanism to analyze their data.FindingsThe authors identified job-related (discretionary power of bank employees, nature of banking jobs and hiring elite individuals for banking jobs); learning-related (continuous learning of bank employees, spread of MBA programs and resilience of bank employees) and context-related categories of factors (career support and more financial rewards during economic uncertainty) that explain the stability of the performance of the frontline bank employees addressed in this study despite the economic uncertainty their country is passing through.Practical implicationsGiven the findings of the present paper, the authors propose that the administration of the addressed banks maintain the policy of providing training opportunities to their employees. However, such training should pay more attention to issues such as crisis management, customer-employee engagement and the mental health of employees during crises, among others. Second, as dissatisfaction is very high with other public sector organizations in Egypt, their top management should try to learn from public banks, follow the best practices and collaborate with them to improve their service offerings to the citizens. Finally, for global financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund who are involved in rescuing Egyptian economy should incorporate strategic human resources management implementation in public sector organizations in their recommendations, along with economic reforms package.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on strategic human resources management and economic uncertainty in which empirical studies of the association between them, particularly in the context of North African countries such as Egypt, have been limited so far.

Women working in public and private sector organisations in Oman: are they free to glide?

PurposeThis study examines the condition of working women within Oman’s socioeconomic framework, emphasizing their underrepresentation in senior management, the effects of workplace constraints on career progression and solutions to enhance opportunities for women in leadership roles.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The quantitative phase involved a survey of 215 Omani professionals − 87 male and 128 female, with data analysed using IBM SPSS 28 and SmartPLS 4. Analyses included measures of central tendency and deviation as well as PLS SEM-based path analysis and multigroup analyses.FindingsThe inclusion of women positively influences their career advancement, while harassment and gender discrimination hinder progress. Gender discrimination has a more substantial effect at lower and middle levels but is less impactful at the top level. Harassment affects women over 40 more significantly, with little impact on younger women. Additionally, domestic gender roles particularly hinder the career advancement of women in the 31–40 age group.Practical implicationsThe practical consequences encompass the establishment of mentorship programmes, the provision of networking opportunities and the promotion of gender equity awareness. These programmes promote an inclusive workplace, facilitating women’s professional growth. Mentorship and networking offer crucial assistance and connections, whereas growing awareness of gender biases fosters equity and equal treatment for all employees. These initiatives jointly foster a more equal work environment.Social implicationsBy implementing sustainable measures and fostering a culture of equity and inclusivity, Oman can prevent gender discrimination and further solidify its commitment to gender equality. This will create an environment where everyone, regardless of gender, has equal opportunities to succeed and thrive.Originality/valueThis research is distinctive within the Omani setting, as no previous studies have explicitly examined women’s career progression from a socioeconomic perspective.

Beyond resilience? State failure, mutual aid and local action

Resilience offers an important framing for analysing responses to crises. However it is a highly contested concept, roundly condemned by many because of its associations with neoliberal logics of rule and the shedding of responsibility from states to citizens and ‘third sector’ organisations. In this paper we draw on the work of Cindi Katz to explore resilience as multi-faceted, and linked to Katz’s notions of ‘resistance’ and ‘reworking’. We use this framework to assess the political significance of mutual aid and other forms of grassroot support to the COVID pandemic in the UK. We draw on three empirical vignettes: one of a mutual aid group in south-east England that emerged during the pandemic; a second of a long-established voluntary sector organisation, part of the ‘Settlement’ movement; and a third of civic action in a small town with a strong tradition of volunteering. These offer vignettes of action at different geographical scales, and with different political and cultural histories. We argue that neither discourses of ‘resilience’ as self -reliance, nor the transformative promises in some accounts of mutual aid, adequately capture the shifting and contingent politics at play. Instead we stress the complex dynamics of different patterns of social action in particular places as practices of resilience, resistance and reworking emerge in response to perceptions of state failure. Following Katz’s framework we illuminate this fragile and emergent terrain of action, and suggest how such action might mitigate other emergent crises.

Do community-based digital health inclusion programmes contribute to tackling health inequalities in disadvantaged population groups?: a qualitative study of experiences of a city-wide programme in the North of England

BackgroundAdvances in digital healthcare and health information provide benefits to the public. However, lack of digital skills together with access, confidence, trust and motivation issues present seemingly insurmountable barriers for many. Such digital health exclusion exacerbates existing health inequalities experienced by older people, people with less income, less education or who don’t have English as a first language. This study examines the role of a city-wide digital inclusion programme in the North of England, which works with Voluntary Sector Community Organisations (VCSOs) to provide digital support to disadvantaged communities (Digital Health Hubs). The aim was to explore if and how Digital Health Hubs contribute to tackling health inequalities, with a specific focus on impacts on service-users and how these impacts are produced.MethodsWe used qualitative semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of service-users receiving digital support, and perspectives of staff working for organisations coordinating or providing digital support (n = 30).ResultsInductive thematic analysis was used to identify four major themes and mapped to ‘Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research’ constructs. These were: programme components, recipient-centred support, impacts on service-users and system-level barriers to digital health services. Findings suggest moderators of implementation are provision of community spaces, social activities and devices and Wi-fi, and recipient-centred support through community understanding, personalised regular support and trusting relationships. Impacts on service-users include improved social and emotional resilience and basic digital skills. Health system-level barriers to digital health services, such as inconsistency in service provision, were also identified.ConclusionsThemes highlight the importance of recipient-centred support by Voluntary and Community Sector Organisations (VCSOs) which centres the unique needs of specific communities. Our data provide policymakers with a model for implementation that could be replicated and scaled-up. Our data add to the public health, primary care and digital health research by proposing an initial programme theory for how Digital Health Hubs may reduce health inequalities, and recommendations for evaluation which consider short-, medium- and long-term outcomes, and contextual factors which are likely to be crucial to Digital Health Hubs’ effectiveness.

Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, dan Akses Teknologi Terhadap Efisiensi Anggaran dan Pelayanan Publik

This study explores the influence of financial literacy, transformational leadership, and access to technology on budget efficiency and quality of public services in Indonesia. With a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), this study involved a saturated sample of relevant public sector organizations. The results of the analysis show that financial literacy has a significant effect on budget efficiency, where mastery of financial information supports more appropriate decision making. In addition, transformational leadership has been shown to encourage innovation and motivation in the work environment, which in turn improves the quality of public services. Access to technology acts as a catalyst that strengthens the relationship between financial literacy and public services, increasing transparency and efficiency of the administrative process. The synergy between these three elements creates more responsive and accountable governance, providing a positive impact on society. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating financial literacy, innovative leadership, and technology in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of public sector management. This study is expected to be a reference for policy makers in designing better and more sustainable resource management strategies.

NAVIGATING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND CHANGE READINESS

Purpose: This research focuses on the role of digital leadership in the digital transformation of the healthcare sector of Punjab in Pakistan, which is a representative of emerging markets with growing digitalization. It also analyses the mediation effects of employee’s engagement and moderation impact of change readiness. Design/Methodology: This research paper used a deductive research approach and a quantitative research method. Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 352 employees from different large hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan, using convenience-sampling technique. Validity and reliability of the collected data was tested with the help of ‘SPSS’ to check the hypothesized relationship. Findings: The findings show that digital leadership has a positive impact on both employee’s engagement and digital transformation. Furthermore, it is possible to establish that employee engagement is actually the variable that mediates the connection between digital leadership and digital transformation, and change readiness actually plays the role of a moderator in that relation, which is why it is so important for developing digital transformation. Originality: The present research aims to fill the existing literature gap by analyzes the public health sector organization in Punjab, Pakistan, and uses the UTAUT model to test the role of engagement as mediator. It adds fresh theoretical and empirical perspectives to the understanding of digital leadership as a catalyst for change in contexts of limited resources.

A new holistic approach to preventing accounting fraud in the non-profit organisation (NPO) sector: some propositions and research agenda

PurposeThis paper systematically reviewed research on accounting fraud in the non-profit organisation (NPO) sector during 2004–2024 to identify gaps in theory and practice with the aim of producing a new parsimonious global fraud model.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilised a structured literature review methodology.FindingsWe propose a new holistic approach for the NPO sector worldwide, with two foci of “what may contribute to fraud” and “what may prevent fraud”.Research limitations/implicationsThe future research agenda for the new holistic approach is provided.Practical implicationsThe approach helps donors promote accountability and transparency in the NPO sector worldwide, thereby sustaining the development of this sector.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first comprehensive worldwide fraud research review, making distinct contributions. Globally, the approach is the first dedicated to the NPO sector, including different stages of fraud occurrence (undetected, suspected, actual/detected and future), and using a multi-disciplinary approach to prevent these stages. The approach is also the first to incorporate individual-level, organisational-level, industry-level and country-level factors into predicting future fraud.

BALANCED SCORECARD IN STRATEGY FORMATION AMID TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES

The article investigates the application of the balanced scorecard in shaping management strategies amid transformational processes, emphasizing its importance in aligning strategic goals with dynamic external conditions. Transformational processes significantly impact public and private sector organizations, necessitating adaptive management approaches. This study emphasizes the balanced scorecard as a vital instrument for achieving strategic alignment and enhancing operational efficiency, especially within the framework of state programs. The research methodology combines theoretical analysis, comparative studies to evaluate the balanced scorecard's applicability in strategic management. A comprehensive review of key literature and case studies was undertaken to uncover patterns and best practices for adapting performance indicators to transformational contexts. Additionally, the study employs SWOT analysis to assess the strategic alignment of the balanced scorecard with internal and external factors influencing organizational performance. The findings indicate that the balanced scorecard empowers organizations to integrate varied performance metrics, aligning operational objectives with long-term strategic goals. By prioritizing targets across financial, customer, internal processes, and learning perspectives, it enhances decision-making effectiveness. In the context of state programs, this framework strengthens accountability and transparency while fostering optimal resource utilization. The study underscores the adaptability of the balanced scorecard, positioning it as an essential tool for managing the challenges of transformational processes. The practical value of the article lies in providing actionable recommendations for implementing the balanced scorecard within the framework of state programs and organizational strategies. These recommendations encompass techniques for selecting appropriate indicators, tailoring them to organizational requirements, and leveraging digital tools for effective performance monitoring. By addressing these aspects, the study enhances strategic management practices, particularly in the face of rapidly changing conditions.

Project Management As A Sustainability Strategy For the Third Sector in The Northern Region of Brazil

Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the reasons why Third Sector organizations use or not projects as a tool for financial support; what are the sources of funding, as well as to present the importance and feasibility of using Project Management as a Sustainability Strategy to transform challenges or conflicting situations into solutions for organizations active in the North of Brazil. Theoretical Framework: The theme was subdivided into: Organizational Management, Projects, Sustainability through Projects, Third Sector Organizations and Third Sector in the North of Brazil. Method: Research of a descriptive nature, with a quantitative qualitative approach; methodological procedures and field research were the pillars that guided the analysis of the collected data. The data collection tool was an electronic questionnaire with objective and subjective questions. Results and Discussion: The information presents a discrepancy in the Third Sector scenario relevant to the realization or not of projects for sustainability, considering the possibilities of fundraising in the national and international spheres; public and private. Health and Social Assistance raise funds through projects, while Education uses its own resources. Research Implications: The research provides discussion about raising funds through projects, considering the availability of resources and the gap in acquisition by the Third Sector. In this sense, project management is understood as a strategy for sustainability and transformation. Originality/Value: Contributes to the motivation for raising resources for sustainability through projects.

Risk Management in the Public Sector: A Bibliographic Literature Review

This bibliographic literature review investigates the state of risk management in the public sector, focusing on its evolution, current trends, and future directions. The study aims to systematically synthesize the literature, identifying critical areas such as risk governance, resilience, and emergency management as central themes. The methodology involved retrieving data from primary academic sources like Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data was curated using specific keywords, peer-reviewed filters, and a timeframe from 2001 to 2024, ensuring relevancy and high-quality outputs. The review highlights the increasing significance of risk management in the public sector, particularly in response to global challenges such as financial crises and the COVID-19 pandemic. Results reveal an expanding focus on public sector risk management, driven by recent global challenges and the integration of digital technologies. However, notable research gaps persist, particularly in areas such as advanced technology adoption, longitudinal impact studies, and cross-regional comparative analyses. Despite extensive research, gaps remain in integrating advanced technologies, longitudinal studies, and comparative analyses across different regions. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners, emphasizing the need for innovative and adaptive risk management strategies to enhance public sector resilience. Future research should address these gaps, promoting resilience in public sector organizations and contributing to a more robust understanding of risk management dynamics in an increasingly uncertain world.