Sector Model Research Articles

Unveiling the economic potential of sports industry in China: A data driven analysis.

The article explains the economic dynamics of the sports industry with adoption of deep learning algorithms and data mining methodology. Despite outstanding improvements in research of sports industry, a significant gap prevails with regard to proper quantification of economic benefits of this industry. Therefore, the current research is an attempt to filling this gap by proposing a specific economic model for the sports sector. This paper examines the data of sports industry covering the time span of 2012 to 2022 by using data mining technology for quantitative analyses. Deep learning algorithms and data mining techniques transform the gained information from sports industry databases into sophisticated economic models. The developed model then makes the efficient analysis of diverse datasets for underlying patterns and insights, crucial in realizing the economic trajectory of the industry. The findings of the study reveal the importance of sports industry for economic growth of China. Moreover, the application of deep learning algorithm highlights the importance of continuous learning and training on the economic data from the sports industry. It is, therefore, an entirely novel approach to build up an economic simulation framework using deep learning and data mining, tailored to the intricate dynamics of the sports industry.

Integrated climate, land, energy, and water framework to support the Nationally Determined Contribution updating process

System models help policymakers to produce net zero decarbonization pathways. In 2019, Costa Rica launched its National Decarbonization Plan (NDP) – constructed using a detailed Open-Source energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS-CR) model and simplified ones for non-energy sectors. The country then developed an integrated Climate, Land, Energy and Water (CLEW) model to capture synergies across sectors and guide future climate related processes. This resulted in the CLEW-CR model. In 2020, the country updated its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), deploying a highly participatory process supported by the CLEW-CR model to guide the discussions with over 150 stakeholders. This paper presents the framework adopted to develop the CLEW-CR model (from data collection to scenarios creation and cost-benefit analysis) and describes its use to align its NDCs with its NDP. Over 15 different scenarios were produced to inform the country's dialogue during the updating process of its NDCs demonstrating the flexibility of this model to support multiple policy questions. This paper shows that deploying the NDC by 2030 and the NDP by 2050 would result in a net economic benefit of $55 billion – about 85 % of Costa Rica's GDP, highlighting the economic viability of Costa Rica's commitment to a sustainable future.

Multi-parameter detector optimization: SHiP case

SHiP (Search for Hidden Particles) and the associated SPS Beam Dump Facility is a new general-purpose experiment proposed at the SPS to search for "hidden" particles as predicted by a very large number of recently elaborated models of Hidden Sectors which are capable of accommodating dark matter, neutrino oscillations, and the origin of the full baryon asymmetry in the Universe. SHiP is declared as an experiment with zero background. The Muon Shield is the key element to do this. So on the one hand it has to provide a good background suppression, on the other hand it has not be too heavy. In this paper we present the results of obtaining the new Muon Shield shape using the Bayesian Optimization. This allowed to reduce the background rate by the factor of 2.5, while keeping the weight of the shield at the same level.

ГОСТИННІСТЬ В ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОМУ ТА ТУРИСТИЧНОМУ БІЗНЕСІ: ЗАГАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the modern phenomenon of hospitality in various aspects at different levels. Two semantic interpretations of hospitality, conventionally interpreted as “hospitality-trait” and “hospitality-sphere”, are proposed and substantiated. “Hospitality-trait” is an important characteristic of any entity that, on a commercial or other basis, receives and serves guests for certain reasons. “Hospitality-sphere” is a derivative of “hospitality-traits” and is a product of its institutionalization, namely, a field of activity whose main profile task is to provide quality services to guests. An author’s model of the hospitality sector of society was built, consisting of four levels – the “core”, which includes a complex of hotel-restaurant and tourist business enterprises, and its three “superstructure circles”, a system of enterprises and subjects of each of the following among which gradually reduces the level specialization in hospitality services, but in one way or another applies the features of hospitality in its activities. The presented model of the field of hospitality can serve as an additional basis for the adoption of legislative and regulatory acts and for the adoption of managerial decisions regarding the regulation of the manifestation of hospitality traits in the work of any enterprises and subjects of economic activity, mainly in the field of hotel, restaurant and tourism business. Current directions of research in the field of hospitality are outlined, among which the most important are the problems of measuring the degree of hospitality of its various subjects, as well as improving the system of training specialized personnel. Important directions are also the definition and analysis of the features of hospitality at different levels of spatial and organizational scale and territorial coverage (hospitality of the state, people, region, city, locality, enterprise, institution, industry, social stratum, individual family, individual person, etc.), study of spatial aspects of hospitality, justification of distinctions between “stationary” and “mobile” hospitality, especially during tourist trips, hospitality research at different stages of hospitality product consumption, etc. Argued proposals for improving the quality of education for the “core” of the hospitality sector, primarily strengthening the psychological training of future specialists, using psychological trainings, quests, situational exercises (case studies), etc., are provided. Hospitality in the process of specialized education in the training of specialists in the field of service should pass through all educational components, both during theoretical training and during training of practical skills.

Econometric Model of Electric Power Sector’s Development in Uzbekistan

The article is aimed at building an econometric model of sustainable development in the energy system of Uzbekistan. The peculiarities of the organizational and economic mechanism are analyzed. The paper locates the place of the sustainable development mechanism in the system of functioning of an industrial enterprise in today’s digital economy. We analyze the Concept Note on the Provision of Electricity in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2020-2030 and adopted legislative acts of the country. Factors influencing the implementation of major programs for the development of thermal power plants are identified and recommendations are given for their use for the further progress of the energy industry. The article gives directions for sustainable development of energy system in Uzbekistan in the period of 2022-2026.

Borrower Based Measures Analysis via a New Agent Based Model of the Italian Real Estate Sector

Borrower Based Measures Analysis via a New Agent Based Model of the Italian Real Estate Sector

Artificial Intelligence-Based Automated Actuarial Pricing and Underwriting Model for the General Insurance Sector

Artificial Intelligence-Based Automated Actuarial Pricing and Underwriting Model for the General Insurance Sector

A Configurational Approach to Maturity Model Development – Using fsQCA to Build a Multiple-Pathway Maturity Model

Maturity models can be used as tools to depict the developmental trajectories of entity classes in domains and evaluate the relative position of an entity within this framework. However, their development process has been the focus of researchers and practitioners ever since, resulting in different procedures, development approaches, and conceptual models. Thus, a major criticism of maturity models is the often missing conceptual and theoretical grounding when it comes to the interpretation of the concept of maturity. To address this shortcoming, our research approach focuses on the rigorous development of a multiple-pathway maturity model. By following a sequential, theoretically grounded process, the resulting maturity model can be viewed as an instantiation of the predefined conceptual components and characteristics in a predefined domain. We present and discuss the instantiated sector and size-specific maturity model for innovation capability in small industrial firms, which is developed by applying configurational methods on a dataset and thereby offers multiple pathways to maturity. This concept of equifinality is central to our approach. It has rarely been considered in maturity model development research, although it offers the potential to build more realistic models with greater applicability, especially in domains with many interdependencies.

Правовое обеспечение финансового суверенитета Российской Федерации в эпоху глобальных перемен

The article examines the issues of the formation of a modern legal model of financial relations aimed at strengthening the financial sovereignty of the state. Based on the analysis of financial legislation, law enforcement practice and legal doctrine, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to carry out administrative reform aimed at integrating the Bank of Russia with the tasks of the Government of the Russian Federation to achieve the goals of sustainable economic development of the state. According to the author, the relations developing in the sphere of functioning of the financial system do not fit into the sectoral model of law. The use of general logical research methods, including analysis and synthesis, formal legal and comparative legal methods allowed the author to come to the following conclusions. 1. The formation of a modern model of financial and legal regulation, ensuring the strengthening of the financial sovereignty of the Russian Federation, should be based on administrative reform that creates conditions for the integration of the Bank of Russia with the tasks of the Government of the Russian Federation to achieve the goals of sustainable economic development of the state. 2. A balance between the tasks of the Government of the Russian Federation to achieve economic development goals and the goals of inflation targeting carried out by the Bank of Russia can be found through work to harmonize monetary and fiscal policy instruments - these two principles of managing the financial and credit mechanism. 3. In order to create a legal model of monetary circulation that prevents the withdrawal of capital and the legalization of proceeds from crime, it is necessary to carry out work to harmonize private law and public law methods of regulating financial relations. This will create the basis for the integration of legal instruments regulating the circulation of funds currently covered by different legal regimes.

Uzasadnienie sektorowego modelu izb gospodarczych – perspektywa polska

The authors of the conceptual article took up the topic of the sectoral model of chambers of commerce (of trade, of industry and commerce, etc.). This proposal complements the taxonomy of chambers present in the literature, based on three main models: continental, Anglo-Saxon and mixed. A comparative worldwide analysis of chambers of commerce indicates their significant diversity, but also the significant impact of historical and social conditions on their organization, position and effectiveness. Therefore, their system should be designed adequately to the needs of a given country, rather than directly transferring foreign or historical solutions into the domestic context. Present Polish chambers of commerce function as voluntary organizations associating entrepreneurs at various levels: sectoral, national, regional, local and bilateral (as Polish-foreign chambers). However, this solution does not provide effective communication between entrepreneurs and public authorities. Polish studies propose the creation of chambers of commerce in the continental model, which is based on the 19th-century regional structure. The authors argue that this concept is outdated in the era of global economic interconnections. The concentration of knowledge and competences needed today can be more effectively provided by the sectoral model. Sectoral chambers of commerce enable expert specialization appropriate to the needs of entrepreneurs and public authorities. They are also an effective platform for the decentralization of public administration. This model is an original concept of the authors in the discussion about possible evolution of chambers of commerce in the Polish context. Its implementation requires, i.a., proper definition of chambers’ tasks and the inclusion of entrepreneurs in the process of their creation. The discussion in the national press and industry magazines shows that these inquiries are valuable not only for science, but also for entrepreneurs and people responsible for the legislative process. Therefore, the aim of the conducted research was to justify the implementation of the sectoral model in the context of the current Polish practice and the increasing role of expert knowledge.

Optimization of Horizontal Well Location and Completion to Improve Oil Recovery for an Iraqi Field

Exploitation of mature oil fields around the world has forced researchers to develop new ways to optimize reservoir performance from such reservoirs. To achieve that, drilling horizontal wells is an effective method. The effectiveness of this kind of wells is to increase oil withdrawal. The objective of this study is to optimize the location, design, and completion of a new horizontal well as an oil producer to improve oil recovery in a real field located in Iraq. “A” is an oil and gas condensate field located in the Northeast of Iraq. From field production history, it is realized the difficulty to control gas and water production in this kind of complex carbonate reservoir with vertical producer wells. In this study, a horizontal well design with multi-stage completion is studied and proposed to find optimal oil recovery in the southeast region of the selected field. A bulk oil well sector model is used to simulate the fluid flow of a single-porosity/single-permeability model. Then, a sensitivity analysis has been run to optimize; the well trajectory path, different scenarios on well oil and water production potential, and well completion design. The result of the well sector simulation indicates that the well trajectory with an Azimuth of 89 degrees and with a multi-stage completion design has better production performance under water production constraints. Optimum oil production rates of 1000 to 2000 STB/day, as delaying and controlling early gas and water production challenges is achieved.

Knowledge Management Model for the Downstream Oil Energy Sector in the Philippines: A Grounded Theory Approach

Knowledge management can guide the management of an enterprise in running the business with a greater degree of efficiency while decreasing business risks. This dissertation presented a Knowledge Management model as a simplified image outlining the relationships of the devised theory using the grounded theory approach of qualitative research. Through semi-structured interviews done by carefully determining the current preferences of organizational leaders of four oil major companies operating in the downstream oil business in the Philippines, of the relevant knowledge processes backed up by presented documents, presentations, and policy manuals. The grounded theory inquiry developed a principle on modern Knowledge Management encompassing the specifics in the downstream oil sector in the Philippines. Theoretical saturation was achieved at ten participants. Thematic analysis generated patterns of modern knowledge. In the model, there were certain management prerequisites with several characteristics and for these characteristics to be effective, sources of knowledge were clearly identified. Once validated knowledge has been established and security of knowledge has been secured, utilization of the knowledge ensues. While using the knowledge, the model puts value on responsibility to work in collaboration with other knowledge managers. Collaboration means shared responsibility to ensure that the knowledge at hand will only be used in promoting common business goals. Predicaments like devaluation, mishandling, and manipulation of knowledge are always possible and extra caution should always be given. The model which can be replicated to other organizations with allied business structures will strengthen the resolve of a knowledge management system benefits by improving the business processes, making better decisions and short and long-term strategy formulation.

Using Stocks and Flows Diagrams to Understand Business Process Behavior

Business Process Modeling has traditionally focused on the activities and logic of how work is carried out. This is depicted through modeling notations like BPMN, which illustrate the sequence of activities, performers, and possible paths for each process instance. However, when measuring the performance of an organization and its processes, the aggregation of results from individual instances is often necessary. Unfortunately, these flows are not always smooth, as they may encounter variations, delays, accumulations, and other issues that can hinder expected performance levels. Therefore, understanding the behavior of business processes over time is crucial for improvement efforts. This paper demonstrates the use of stocks and flows diagrams for modeling business processes and simulating their behavior over time. Simulations aid in identifying critical points, removing bottlenecks, and enhancing overall process performance. We begin with a brief introduction to modeling business processes using stocks and flows diagrams, followed by a real-life case study in the healthcare sector, where stocks and flows models and simulations were employed to identify and resolve a problem.

Productivity Effect of Efficiency Wages at Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises: the Case of Vietnam

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate whether efficiency wages for production workers have a positive effect on labor productivity in Vietnam's manufacturing SMEs.
 Design/methodology/approach: The research analyzes the panel data of manufacturing SMEs collected by UNU-Wider in Vietnam in 2011, 2013, and 2015.
 Findings: The panel-data analysis results for 6,953 observations show that efficiency wages increase labor productivity.
 Research limitations/implications: The scope of this study is limited to Vietnam's manufacturing SMEs. Future studies should include replicating the research model in the service sectors and other countries.
 Originality/value: Previous studies on Vietnamese manufacturing SMEs did not disclose the impact of efficiency wages on firm-level labor productivity using the SME panel datasetVietnam's. The novelty of this study is the introduction of the efficiency wages as an explanatory variable forto labor productivity. The study results shed light on organizational behavior in rational salary decisions. Many of SMEs have decided to pay lower than the average sector wage. NeverthelsessStill, the regression analysis indicates that salary growth improves per-worker productivity. This discovery allows researchers to investigate why SMEs have decided not to raise worker wages significantly while wage increases helps boost labor productivity. As a practical contribution, the study result recommends that for higher labor productivity at lower labor costs, manufacturing SMEs can raise their workers' salaries based on the average sector wage instead of benchmarking them with the average nation-level wages.

Mempercepat pertumbuhan UMKM melalui model waralaba dalam perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah

Franchising is a popular business model in various industry sectors because it allows entrepreneurs to expand their business quickly through partnerships using established trademarks, products and operational systems. In the perspective of Islamic economic law, franchising with its various advantages has the potential to become an economic instrument that contributes to the development of an economy based on Islamic principles. Several principles in Islamic economics such as profit sharing, prohibition of usury, and avoidance of gharar (uncertainty) are principles that can be applied to franchising activities because they do not contradict general economic principles. This study is a legal study of Islamic economics with a statute approach and interprets existing data and legal documents so as to obtain information that UMKM as businesses with the scope of micro, small and medium which are currently the mainstay of the Government because they are considered able to survive amid the economic crisis can develop quickly because they make franchising a model in doing business.

Modeling Low Energy Demand Futures for Buildings: Current State and Research Needs

Buildings are key in supporting human activities and well-being by providing shelter and other important services to their users. Buildings are, however, also responsible for major energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during their life cycle. Improving the quality of services provided by buildings while reaching low energy demand (LED) levels is crucial for climate and sustainability targets. Building sector models have become essential tools for decision support on strategies to reduce energy demand and GHG emissions. Yet current models have significant limitations in their ability to assess the transformations required for LED. We review building sector models ranging from the subnational to the global scale to identify best practices and critical gaps in representing transformations toward LED futures. We focus on three key dimensions of intervention (socio-behavioral, infrastructural, and technological), three megatrends (digitalization, sharing economy, and circular economy), and decent living standards. This review recommends the model developments needed to better assess LED transformations in buildings and support decision-making toward sustainability targets.

Stepped partially acoustic dark matter: likelihood analysis and cosmological tensions

We generalize the recently proposed Stepped Partially Acoustic Dark Matter (SPartAcous) model by including additional massless degrees of freedom in the dark radiation sector. We fit SPartAcous and its generalization against cosmological precision data from the cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, large-scale structure, supernovae type Ia, and Cepheid variables. We find that SPartAcous significantly reduces the H 0 tension but does not provide any meaningful improvement of the S 8 tension, while the generalized model succeeds in addressing both tensions, and provides a better fit than ΛCDM and other dark sector models proposed to address the same tensions. In the generalized model, H 0 can be raised to 71.4 km/s/Mpc (the 95% upper limit), reducing the tension, if the fitted data does not include the direct measurement from the SH0ES collaboration, and to 73.7 km/s/Mpc (95% upper limit) if it does. A version of CLASS that has been modified to analyze this model is publicly available at https://github.com/ManuelBuenAbad/class_spartacous.

Features of the application of the sectoral model of functional zoning on the example of the squares of Samara

The authors study the universal principles in the space development of a largest city. The functional-topological approach allows the authors to apply to this analysis the basic models of the spatial organization of the Indian Vastu Vidya and Chinese Feng Shui, which take into account the mythological cycles of creation. Previously, this approach already received an ontological, cultural-historical, methodological and factual substantiation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the implementation of the urban planning functions and their symbolic meaning in the eight sectors of the square territories. The comparative analysis is carried out on the example of three central and six historical squares of the largest city. All squares differ significantly in the duration of the formation, placement conditions, tasks to be solved, etc. The establishment of a consistent relationship between the ancient practices of space exploration and the modern practice of functional zoning is considered in the aspect of general scientific significance.

금융권의 제로 트러스트 보안모델 적용방안에 관한 연구

The changed hybrid work environment such as the expansion of cloud computing technology and the increase in telecommuting due to the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), has brought about new security problems. The traditional perimeter security model has limitations in protecting various devices and environments because it is difficult to clearly distinguish network boundaries. The Zero Trust model, which has been proposed as an alternative security strategy to overcome this, is based on the premise that there is no trust in the assets and actors that are connected components when configuring corporate infrastructure and workflow. The financial sector is actively seeking to introduce the zero trust security model as a means of strengthening security. Demand for responding to advanced cyber-security threats, strengthening security policies, and applicability and necessity of a zero trust security model in the financial sector has expanded. This study proposed the components of a zero trust security model to be applied to the financial world based on financial governance and zero trust principles, components of the maturity model, and the results of expert interviews. The zero trust security model in the financial sector consists of four layers and eight detailed steps: perimeter security layer, authority definition layer, behavior detection layer, and internal control layer. This zero trust security model for the financial sector is expected to provide guidelines for key elements and construction steps to be considered when introducing zero trust in the financial sector.

Simulation of a rapid compression machine for evaluation of ignition chemistry and soot formation using gasoline/ethanol blends

Due to the projected decline of demand for gasoline in light duty engines and the advent of ethanol as a green fuel, the use of gasoline/ethanol blend fuels in heavy duty applications are being investigated as they are projected to have lower cost and lower lifecycle green house gas (GHG) emissions. In heavy duty engines, the primary mode of combustion is mixing controlled combustion where wide range of mixture conditions (equivalence ratio) exist. Soot emissions of these fuels in richer conditions are not well understood. The goal of this research is to evaluate some commercially available soot modeling codes for the particulate matter emissions from gasoline/ethanol fuel blends, especially at fuel rich conditions. A Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) is modeled in a three-dimensional numerical simulation using CONVERGE computational software using a reduced chemical kinetic mechanism with SAGE chemistry solver and a RANS k-ϵ turbulence model with a sector model including the creviced piston. The creviced piston is used in the experimental setup to reduce boundary layer effects and to maintain a homogeneous core in the reaction cylinder. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are conducted for different gasoline-ethanol fuel blends from E10 (10% ethanol v/v) to E100. The fuel blend is modeled as a surrogate mixture of toluene, iso-octane, n-heptane for gasoline content, and ethanol. The computational results were validated against experimental results using pressure measurements and laser extinction diagnostics. Different soot models are investigated to evaluate their capability of predicting the sooting tendencies of fuel blends, especially in richer conditions experienced during mixing-controlled combustion. The experimental combustion characteristics such as the ignition delay of different blends of fuel are reasonably well predicted. The Particulate Size Mimic (PSM) model accurately predicts the soot generation characteristics of the different fuels, but the Hiroyasu-NSC model falls short in this regard. For accurate prediction of soot with the PSM model, the thermodynamic conditions during combustion must be accurately modeled. While the current computational modeling tools can produce accurate results for the prediction of particulate matter emissions, there is much work to be done in improving our understanding of the underlying fundamental processes.