Sector Of Bangladesh Research Articles

Industrial enzyme production in Bangladesh: current landscape, scope, and challenges

Enzymes are important biological catalysts that perform specialized functions within living organisms. Industrial enzymes are crucial in various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, the textile industry, the manufacturing of chemicals, biodiesel, the food and beverages industry, and consumer goods. Enzymes can be obtained from multiple sources, including microbes, animals, and plants. Microorganisms, especially bacteria and fungi, provide more than 50% of industrial enzymes because of their advantageous growth features, low nutritional needs, and biochemical diversity. Bangladesh's economy relies heavily on agriculture and generates biomass energy from waste such as rice husk, straw, jute sticks, and sugarcane bagasse. To reduce the environmental impact, it is vital to modify these waste materials into beneficial industrial and commercial products, like enzymes. This review article investigates the current landscape, scope, and challenges of industrial enzyme production in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has become an appealing destination for biotech firms due to variables such as yearly bio-product imports, local market consumer demand, and the availability of resources and competent people. In 2021, Bangladesh ranked as the 34th largest importer of enzymes worldwide, with an import value of $47.4 million. Bangladesh mainly imports enzymes from Turkey, Malaysia, China, Singapore, and Sri Lanka. This study identifies a critical research gap, which is the lack of a dedicated industrial enzyme production industry in Bangladesh. This gap is impeding large-scale implementation, despite ongoing research efforts. Furthermore, we suggest the establishment of a specialized industrial enzyme production sector in Bangladesh, which would benefit the environment and promote economic growth through the utilization of agro-industrial waste resources. Finally, this thorough assessment of current industrial enzyme research in Bangladesh seeks to provide researchers and stakeholders with essential information for future development. Collaboration between the government, businesses, and academics is critical to fostering growth and capitalizing on the potential of the worldwide enzyme industry. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2023, 9 (4), 145-159

Problems of the Public Personnel Administration in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study

The basic function of any government is to provide various types of services and facilities to its citizens. The quality of services and facilities greatly depends on how satisfied government employees are, which mainly depends on varies factor i.e., the way they are paid and allocated, how quickly they are promoted, how well they are trained, etc. Well payments and better facilities for the govt. employers inspire them to provide better service delivery for citizens. The findings of this study demonstrate that there are various types of problems and challenges in Bangladesh's public sector personnel administration. The civil service recruitment system is criticized because of its lengthy process, too much politicization in recruitment and police verification, etc. Promotional system is criticized as practice of biasness, partisanship, manipulation in ACR, etc. The training systems of govt. Personnel administration is found dissatisfactory as these training isn’t up to the mark, also the training content don't appear to bring advancement in the service. Additionally, training programs are don’t meet international standards due to the content and master trainer involvement, also there are lack of facilities to receive international training. Promotion or career advancement in the public sector rests more on seniority and interventions from peers and canvassers than it does on continued skill improvement and qualification attainment. By completing the recruitment process in a timely manner, rationalizing the pay structure, promoting on merit, and updating training, we can achieve modern, improved, qualified personnel administration in the public sector in Bangladesh that is capable of providing people with fast, efficient, effective, and better public service delivery.

THE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION OF BANGLADESHI COMMERCIAL BANKS LIQUIDITY POSITION, BANK SIZE, AND INTERNAL CAPITAL GENERATING ABILITY TO INCREASE PROFITABILITY

The banking system is the lifeblood of an economy. This study aims to inspect the extent of the impact of banks’ managerial issues in terms of liquidity position, bank size and internal capitalgenerating capacity on the profit-making ability of commercial banks in Bangladesh during the period of 2007 to 2018. To examine data, a static panel model is constructed by considering 57 commercial banks. Indicators of a bank’s profitability include return on assets, return on equity, and net interest margin. The Fixed Effect model and the Random Effect models are considered as the baseline estimations and the Ordinary Least Square estimation was performed to inspect the robustness of the data. The study suggests that the liquidity position and internal capital generation rate have a highly positive and significant impact on bank profitability. But bank size is significantly negatively correlated with banking profit. The rivalry, as assessed by the HerfindahlHirschman Index, has a strong beneficial impact on the profitability of banks, supporting the impact of industry-specific variables. Inflation and spread are two macroeconomic factors that have a detrimental but minor effect on bank profitability. The findings might increase management’s awareness of the banking sector in Bangladesh as well as provide a proposition to policymakers.

The impact of FDI on the agriculture sector: A case study from Bangladesh

This paper aims to inspect the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the agricultural sector of Bangladesh. This study is based on time series data from 1972 to 2021. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and F-Bound test are used to examine the relationship between the variables under study. The empirical finding suggests that FDI has a considerable negative influence on the agricultural sector in Bangladesh in the long term. Moreover, this is also found by the study that FDI has no effect in the short run on the country's agricultural sector. This study recommends that governments should adopt agriculture-friendly policies, and should adopt some training facilities for the farmer to increase their farming skills so that FDI can develop the agricultural sector.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Garment Design: Opportunities And Challenges In The Ready-made Garments (RMG) Sector of Bangladesh

This study looks at the pros and cons of using artificial intelligence (AI) in planning ready-made garments in Bangladesh's Gazipur district, where the garment industry is booming. Twenty designers from different institutions using AI and traditional software tools to create attires were involved in the study. The results show that applying AI to the field comes with both opportunities and challenges. AI has made garment creation more efficient, less expensive, more productive, more customizable, better at predicting trends, and more sustainable. However, it raises issues such as job loss, quality control, data privacy, dependence on technology, and ethical questions. This study shows how important it is to take a balanced approach to adopting AI, considering its possible benefits while addressing its risks, so that Bangladesh's ready-made garment industry can continue to grow and thrive.

A Survey Study on Disease Rate and Tendency of Taking Treatment of Urban and Rural People in Gaibandha District, Bangladesh

Ever rising prevalence of communicable and non-communicable diseases a major challenge for the health sector in Bangladesh. Gaibandha district under Rangpur division aggregate population is 23, 79, 255 of which males are 11, 69,127 and females are 12, 10,128 [2]. Among population aged 7 years and over, the literacy rate of this district is 42.8% (Both male and female) in which male 46.3% and female 39.5% [8]. There is a general hospital and six government hospitals and 54 family welfare centers, six Upazila health complex, one maternity and childcare centered tuberculosis clinic in Gaibandha. A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 200 urban and rural people in Gaibandha district within seven Upazila to determine the disease rate and tendency of taking treatment. At offline data were collected face-to-face interview of the selected respondents and also collected by online creating Google form. Almost all respondents gave history of illness of his/her family members during the preceding last six months. Various ages give different level of diseases with significant positive attitude except exorcism and magic treatment. The day-labors remain in risk zone with multi- disciplinary occupational diseases. Asthma is the leading occupational disease. High treatment seeking behavior in businessman is about 6.50% with complementary and traditional treatment. Another leading disease is gastrointestinal disease 8.5%. Sanitation is a big issue about 61.1% where government should give more concentration to improve this worst condition [1]. However, in this study the result found was elaborated throughout the study.

Determinants of the Related Party Disclosure Practice by Non-Financial Sectors in Bangladesh

This study attempts to find out the determinants that have significant impact on the extent of related party disclosure. Albeit, related party is one of the most important reasons for corporate scandals, very few researches have been conducted to find the determinants of related party disclosures particularly in developing countries’ perspectives. This motivated the authors to find the determinants of related party disclosures. For conducting this study, a disclosure index of 28 disclosure items has been prepared and the annual reports of 102 listed non-financial firms for the year 2019-2020 of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) were scrutinized against this disclosure index. The findings show that the related party disclosure by the sample companies is on an average 37.36%, which indicates that the current scenario of related party disclosure is not satisfactory. The regression analysis was done to find the determinants of related party disclosures. The results show that the association between the extent of related party disclosure and Multinational Subsidiary is statistically significant. The Security Category has negative but significant impact on the extent of disclosure. The result of this study will add value to the existing literature by providing the empirical evidence of the determinants of related party disclosures from a developing country’s perspective. From practical point of view, the outcome of this paper will help the regulators like Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) to form a frame of reference for the related party disclosures requirement. The results of this study will also help future accounting researchers to work on this area and the investors to make investment decision on the non-financial companies.

Integrated life cycle sustainability assessment of the electricity generation sector in Bangladesh: Towards sustainable electricity generation

The electricity sector of Bangladesh has experienced a drastic expansion over the last decade, which will continue in the future. However, the country is not attaining optimal benefit from the sector due to discrepancies among its different components. Increased generation capacity based on fossil fuel sources is not only causing negative environmental impacts but also raising future energy security concerns. Stakeholders are unable to address these interconnected issues due to lack of adequate knowledge, which is leading to policy inconsistencies. This paper aims to evaluate the integrated sustainability of Bangladesh’s electricity generation, considering environmental, economic and social aspects using a life cycle approach. Eighteen sustainability indicators have been assessed for five electricity generation technologies currently in operation. Applying a multi-criteria decision analysis, all the technologies have been ranked considering equal as well as differing preferences for the three aspects. Solar power followed by hydropower is the most sustainable option when all aspects are given equal importance and priority is given to economic and social aspects. However, hydropower becomes the most sustainable option when the environmental aspect is prioritized. Among fossil sources, gas is the best and oil power is found as the least sustainable option in all preferences except the environmental aspect when coal becomes the worst. By identifying the disputes between different indicators, this study demonstrates the variations in the results of the integrated sustainability assessment that can be considered while planning improved energy policies for sustainable future electricity generation.

Empowering Women through IT: The Role of the IT Sector in Bangladesh

This observational-review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of the Information Technology (IT) sector in empowering women in Bangladesh. The study synthesizes existing literature and secondary data to analyze the historical and current societal status of women in the country, with a specific focus on the IT sector. It explores how the IT sector has contributed to elevating women's social and economic status and identifies the challenges and barriers that women face in this domain. The article also offers policy recommendations at both the national and individual levels to further enhance the role of IT in women's empowerment. These recommendations include policy-level interventions, skill development programs, and awareness campaigns, among others. By addressing these key points, this study aims to contribute to the growing body of literature on women's empowerment in Bangladesh and offer actionable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and individuals. The study acknowledges its limitations, primarily its reliance on existing literature, which may not capture the most current

Use of technology in agriculture services in Bangladesh

This case discusses how innovative technology is helping the agricultural sector in Bangladesh. It focuses on how the agri-tech companies have become a blessing for farmers of Bangladesh to get access to better services in the agriculture sector. The core focus of these companies is to help farmers connect to buyers, as well as those who are interested in the agriculture sector. This case also highlights how agri-tech companies are beneficial not only to the farmers but also to the country’s overall GDP in terms of the agricultural industry. Additionally, it also covers the particular agro-tech companies that are using technologies to give better services to the farmers. We have used secondary data to carry out the research. The findings of this research indicate that technology and agriculture come together and are benefiting the farmers in the country. It could be an excellent resource for future research to understand agricultural progress in our economy. Overall, the case addresses how technology is essential for the farming industry and how businesses like iFarmer, WeGro, Foshol, and others aim to provide all technology-based services to farmers and the farm sector.

Smart Crop Cultivation System Using Automated Agriculture Monitoring Environment in the Context of Bangladesh Agriculture.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a transformative technology that is reshaping industries and daily life, leading us towards a connected future that is full of possibilities and innovations. In this paper, we present a robust framework for the application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the agricultural sector in Bangladesh. The framework encompasses the integration of IoT, data mining techniques, and cloud monitoring systems to enhance productivity, improve water management, and provide real-time crop forecasting. We conducted rigorous experimentation on the framework. We achieve an accuracy of 87.38% for the proposed model in predicting data harvest. Our findings highlight the effectiveness and transparency of the framework, underscoring the significant potential of the IoT in transforming agriculture and empowering farmers with data-driven decision-making capabilities. The proposed framework might be very impactful in real-life agriculture, especially for monsoon agriculture-based countries like Bangladesh.

Determinants of non-performing loans in conventional and Islamic banks: Emerging market evidence

This study examines the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) among macroeconomic and bank-specific factors for the Islamic and conventional banking sectors in Bangladesh. We implement a dynamic panel data model with a two-stage system GMM for the period 2010-2021. Among the bank-specific factors, this study finds that return on assets, return on equity, bank size, and inefficiency help to reduce NPLs. In contrast, gross loan growth, leverage, and capital adequacy ratios contribute to increasing NPLs. Among macroeconomic determinants, inflation, and GDP growth have a significant negative impact on NPLs. Moreover, unemployment and exchange rates are also found to be significant determinants of NPLs. At the bank level, growth in gross loans reduces NPLs in Islamic banks, while the opposite is true for conventional banks. Our findings have significant implications for depositors and regulators in making appropriate decisions.

The Effect of Organizational Justice and Self-Efficacy on Career Satisfaction among the Employees of Banking Sector in Bangladesh

This present study aimed to determine the influence of organizational justice and self-efficacy on career satisfaction. Employing survey and cross-sectional method, data was collected from the permanent employees of thirteen selected commercial banks located in Dhaka and Chittagong cities, Bangladesh. This study adopted simple random sampling techniques to select the sample, total 1480 self-administered questionnaires were sent to the respondents via email, 440 useable questionnaires were returned. The data was analyzed by deploying the SPSS version 22.0 and Smart-PLS version 4.0. The results indicate that distributive justice and procedural justice has a significant positive influence on career satisfaction, where interactional justice is positively but insignificantly related with career satisfaction. The results also show that self-efficacy positively impact career satisfaction. Moreover, the results of this study offer significant implications for bank professionals, policymakers, and scholars in formulating a strategic approach and initiatives to augment the level of career satisfaction among employees in the banking sector. Lastly, this section will go into the consequences of the findings and provide recommendations for further research. This study makes a valuable contribution to the continuing scholarly discourse surrounding the significant impact of employee career satisfaction within the banking sector.

Analyzing the Success of Adopting Metaverse in Construction Industry: Structural Equation Modelling

The application of metaverse technology in the field of civil engineering has the potential to improve project efficiency and accuracy. Nevertheless, the pervasive adoption and effective integration of metaverses are contingent on a number of crucial factors. This study investigates the critical factors underlying the successful implementation of metaverse technology within a business context. This research employs a comprehensive mixed-method approach comprised of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to examine survey responses gathered from seasoned professionals in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sectors in Bangladesh. In areas such as communication and collaboration, design visualization, and monitoring and maintenance, the construction industry has made extraordinary strides. As imperatives for managerial consideration strategic investment in resources, targeted training initiatives, heightened awareness campaigns, and prudent deployment of cost-effective and efficient metaverse-based solutions emerge, future investigations should include a larger sample size and an evaluation of the lasting effects over extended time periods. The key to unleashing the full potential of the metaverse within the architecture, engineering, and construction industries lies in addressing these identified success determinants, thereby ushering in enhanced project outcomes and enhanced efficiency within the constructed environment. The combination of these initiatives is expected to pave the way for a new era in the AEC landscape.

Trend forecasting and its prospects in Bangladesh RMG industry

To predict the future of RMG business in Bangladesh, trend forecasting analyzes both previous and current fashion trends as well as consumer behavior. Manufacturers and designers can use this data to learn important information about the types of designs, colors and materials that customers will want in the coming months. This information can be used to inform strategic manufacturing and design choices that can increase sales and profitability. The trend forecast outlook in RMG industry in Bangladesh is positive. Attractive clothing is in great demand due to the size and ever-increasing number of fashion-conscious consumers. Additionally, it is the second largest RMG industry worldwide and is still growing rapidly; consequently. To be competitive and meet client expectations, producers and designers must be able to accurately predict trends. Sustainability is an important issue for RMG sector in Bangladesh. To address this, trend forecasting identifies eco-friendly products, processes and designs that may become popular in the near future. Using sustainable techniques minimizes both their social duties and environmental damage. Excellent potential exists in the RMG sector of Bangladesh for trend forecasting. It can help manufacturers and designers stay competitive, meet their consumers' expectations, and move toward more eco-friendly practices by providing analytical insights into purchasing patterns and recent trends.

Sustainable agrivoltaic system for food and energy sector in Bangladesh

In South Asia, agriculture heavily relies on groundwater for irrigation. The withdrawal is nearly 250 km3 annually. Approximately, 12 million electric and 10 million diesel water extraction pumps, totaling about 22 million, are in use in this area. In contrast, while PV-powered solar irrigation pumps are becoming more popular, they take up agricultural land, increasing the competition for land resources between food and clean energy production. It is left unattended during the off-season, wasting a lot of potential solar power that could produce green electricity. To address this, an integrated farming model can be established, utilizing existing solar pump facilities for crop cultivation, rearing Black Bengal Goats, and native fish farming. This diversified approach combines sustainable energy solutions with solar irrigation, generating both agricultural products and electricity while maintaining agricultural land for cultivation and promotion of clean energy production. The proposed method has produced both agricultural products and electricity simultaneously. This integrated system offers a solution to the challenges faced in the region, balancing food production and clean energy goals effectively. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 58(3), 163-172, 2023

Impact of Some Selected Determinants on SMEs Performance: A Study on Jhenaidah District of Bangladesh

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in any emerging economy. These sectors are now considered as the main engine of the economy in Bangladesh. The principal objective of this study is to identify, measure and compare the impact of some selected determinants on SMEs performance in Bangladesh. The study employed qualitative interviews with the owners/employees of SMEs dealing with i) Tailoring ii) Flower cultivation iii) Restaurant business iv) Auto rice mill business v) Jewelry vi) Nursery vii) Clinic business 8. Handicrafts business ix) Rice cultivation and x) Banana cultivation in Jhenaidah district of Bangladesh. This is a survey-based study and the data were collected from 101 respondents using a structured questionnaire. The data collected for the study have been processed using MS Excel 2007. This study examined six determinants such as entrepreneurial competency, marketing capability, financial resources, modern technology, product quality, and investment capacity to determine the SMEs’ performance in terms of profit. Seven hypotheses were developed to reach the objectives in the study. The collected primary data were analyzed by applying basic statistical tools. The results of the study revealed that the most significant determinants that affect the performance of SMEs in Bangladesh were entrepreneurial competency, financial resources and investment capacity respectively. Policymakers and owners of SMEs should take necessary steps in light of the findings of the study to improve the performance and ensure the sustainable growth of SMEs sectors in Bangladesh.

Warehouse Operations in Bangladesh – Challenges and It’s Future Prospects

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities surrounding warehouse operations in Bangladesh, encompassing both the manufacturing and service sectors. This paper demonstrates above mentioned scenario in the context of supply chain management (SCM). Despite enduring a series of disruptions, including the pandemic and geopolitical tensions, notably the situation between Ukraine and Russia, the Bangladeshi economy has displayed remarkable resilience. In the fiscal year 2019-20, there was a significant decline in GDP growth, dropping from 7.88 percent in the pre-pandemic year to 3.45 percent. However, there was a notable resurgence in GDP growth, surging to 6.94 percent in FY 2020-21 and further rising to 7.10 percent in FY 2021-22. Unfortunately, the economic growth for FY 2022-23 has been impeded by the Russia-Ukraine crisis. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of an economy is a composite of contributions from three key sectors: agriculture, industry, and services. As the economic landscape evolves, the significance of the agriculture sector diminishes, while the industrial sector gains prominence. This research is developed based on primary and secondary data sources, encompassing online databases, journals, review papers, and more. The primary data collection includes a comprehensive survey questionnaire completed by 207 respondents from 24 industrial sectors in Bangladesh. The study addresses multiple challenges faced by warehouse operations and offers recommendations for best practices and a strategic way forward in the global arena for Bangladesh, where priorities such as achieving net-zero emissions, sustainability, and the adoption of lean warehouse operations are paramount. Furthermore, the study advocates for the implementation of the Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model, along with its ten attributes, as an integral component of adopting global best practices for practitioners, which would unlock further research to develop this sector.

Evaluation the Modalities of Rheumatoid Arthritis Management by General Practitioners in Bangladesh

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. It is, therefore, a major concern in public health, requiring an early customized and multidisciplinary therapeutic management. Early diagnosis and treatment are key elements in the management of patients’ conditions. Objective: To assess the Evaluation the modalities of Rheumatoid Arthritis Management by General Practitioners in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey targeting the community of GPs, operating both in the public and in the private sectors in all regions of the Bangladesh Population. The questionnaire was sent between February and June 2022. Confidentiality of participants was strictly maintained. The questionnaire included multiple choices questions and one clinical case closely related to good practice guidelines. With this goal in mind, a survey was conducted among GPs operating both in the public and in the private sectors in Bangladesh. Results: Out of 890 GPs patients selected, 110 GPs responded, representing a participation rate of 24.71%. Returned questions were analyzed, results were expressed as a percentage. Incomplete responses were excluded from the study. 54.1% of GPs worked in the public sector and 45.9% in the private. Mean number of RA patients seen monthly by GPs was 5.75 patients per month. Of all the surveyed GPs, 66.4% had a rheumatologist as a point of contact. With regard to diagnosing RA, half of the GPs were not familiar with the deadline for early diagnosis. One usually initiated corticosteroids at a dose of 15-20 mg / day. For ongoing monitoring f RA activity, 60% of GPs were unaware of DAS28, and 59% did not know the new 2010 diagnostic criteria. For first-line therapy, 42% did not consider Methotrexate as the standard first-line treatment for patients with RA. For 83% of GPs, treatment could be initiated beyond 3 months of the window of opportunity. A substantial majority of them expressed their wish to receive ....

Exploring the development scope of crop-based agribusiness farms in Bangladesh

Agribusiness is one of the most important sectors of the economy in Bangladesh, making a significant contribution to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and employment generation. To cope with the international business environment, developing the agribusiness sector in Bangladesh is essential. This study aims to assess the current status, challenges, and future potential of crop-based agribusiness farms in the country. Cross-sectional data were collected from 60 participants using purposive sampling. Frequency distribution tables were generated, and descriptive statistics were employed for data presentation. The results of the study showed that 60% of respondents from crop-based agribusiness farms faced financial crises when starting their businesses. 40% of respondents stated that the lack of experience is the primary challenge for exporting agribusiness products to international markets. Price fluctuation was mentioned as a significant threat by 48.3% of respondents. Moreover, 83.3% of respondents stated that the existing training institutions are insufficient for entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. Respondents also identified some other challenges, such as decreased revenues due to COVID-19, low adoption of advanced technologies, lack of high-quality products, and unfavorable government policies. Policymakers should prioritize incorporating frontier technologies, implementing favorable policies, maintaining price stability, facilitating bank loans, and establishing new training institutions to address existing drawbacks. Furthermore, researchers identified future research areas that offer opportunities to advance theoretical boundaries and gain further insights into the study of agribusiness sectors.