Section Of Book Research Articles

The Global History of Childhood Reader by Heidi Morrison

Children, Youth and Environments 23(2), 2013 The Global History of Childhood Reader Heidi Morrison, ed. (2012). London and New York: Routledge, 487 pages. $44.95 (paperback). ISBN 978-0-415-78249-4. Childhood is a product of a particular time and place influenced by local and national policies, market forces and wider global events such as imperialism or war. Children also actively participate, shape and transform the dominant views of childhood during any particular time. In a nutshell, children’s lives were and are multifaceted, diverse and complex. The editor of the Global History of Childhood Reader, a historian who specializes in the history of childhood in non-Western contexts, set out to “interweave into one dialogue histories of childhoods in different regions of the world” in order to “see patterns—commonalities as well as differences—in childhood [from ages 6-12]” (xiv). By structuring the collection in this way, Heidi Morrison aims to provide a comprehensive argument that an improved understanding of the structural and agential determinants that shape(d) childhood in different situations and locations can inform solutions to the problems contemporary children face. Possible root causes of, for example, child labor or children at risk are presented as a complex amalgamation of practices and events beyond local or regional boundaries and are embedded into the wider discussion of the social and cultural constructions of childhood. By grouping disparate literature in novel ways, links are drawn beyond the widely practiced discussion of issues in (geographical) isolation. The text includes a historiography of the field that not only draws on regional histories of childhood, but also its global history arranged under four larger headings. These headings include: “What Is the Global History of Childhood?,” “A Social Construct: Childhood in Different Times and Places,” “Children’s Experiences” and “Use of the Past to Articulate Solutions to Problems Facing Children Today.” Each book section is comprised of at least seven different excerpts from journal articles, book chapters, editorials or legal documents that are arranged to complement and contradict each other to provide a holistic overview of childhood in different locations. Excerpts include well-known accounts (e.g., the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Aries’ discovery of childhood) and less familiar ones (e.g. children’s reading in the Soviet Union, illegitimacy in Latin America). These provide experts, students or anybody interested in children’s issues with food for thought and an excellent and comprehensive basis to think, write and act outside the box. The editor skillfully and eloquently introduces each section and provides diverse avenues of thought to critically engage with and reflect upon the chapters ahead. In brief, the strength of this text is the wide range of disciplines and themes from which book excerpts and journal articles are drawn. Heidi Morrison subtlety reminds the reader about the necessity of interdisciplinary research and for embedding approaches within an© 2013 Children, Youth and Environments Book Review: The Global History of Childhood Reader 218 historical context when working for positive change for contemporary children around the world. The first part of the book traces the roots of the young field of the global history of childhood, describing four dominant shifts and introducing well-known academics such as Aries and Thorne. Beginning with the discovery of childhood and the subsequent interest in ordinary childhoods, this section closes with the recent focus on studying children as individuals defined by ethnicity, class and gender, which begins to address the multiple meanings of childhood within and beyond the Western context. The second part of the book moves deeper into the social construction and multiple meanings of childhood. It rethinks and expands the traditional narratives of contemporary childhood, unmasking “the fissures in the modern model of childhood” (116). Highlights include Najmabadi’s piece on female education in Iran in the beginning of the 20th century, Kociumbas’ juvenile convicts in Australia and Grier’s account of child labor in Southern Rhodesia. In contrast, the third part of the book is more concerned with how children create and understand their own lives, which is unfortunately limited by the sources available that account for children’s voices. Nonetheless, this section provides numerous examples of how children...

Discourse, Figure

Discourse, Figure

Aquifer Storage and Recovery and Managed Aquifer Recharge Using Wells: Planning, Hydrogeology, Design, and Operation

Robert Maliva and Tom Missimer have produced an ambitious and timely book that mostly succeeds in filling an important niche. Although there are aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) and managed aquifer recharge (MAR) projects running throughout the world, many management districts do not currently operate these kinds of projects, and their benefits are not widely appreciated outside the technical community. Between risingglobal demand for groundwater and decreasing recharge due to changing land use practices and ongoing climate change, ASR and MAR are going to be increasingly common and important in coming years. The authors define ASR as “. . .storage of water in [an]. . .aquifer through a well. . . and recovery of the same or similar water using a well. . .” This is less restrictive than the other common definition, that of water injected and recovered using the same well(s), but it omits the topic of recharge using infiltration ponds and other structures. In presenting and discussing (many) real-world examples of ASR projects, the authors focus on the United States, although selected sites from around the world are described. This book has 12 main sections, beginning with an introduction and a discussion of ASR project development and planning. The next two book sections digress to discuss fundamentals of hydrogeology and aquifer characterization, before returning to ASR-specific topics (well design, performance, and system operation). There follows sections on water pretreatment, regulation and permitting, specific ASR applications, and case studies of ASR projects. The book ends with a brief conclusions section, followed by 35 pages of references, lists of abbreviations and symbols, and an extensive index.

Willkürliche Rechtssprechung. Ovids verhüllte Augustuskritik in der Tieropfer-Passage der Fasti (1, 349–456)

Abstract The passage in Ovid’s Fasti that deals with animal sacrifice implicitly criticizes the legal system of the late Augustan period. In particular, it is the increasing arbitrariness of the emperor’s judgments that is addressed in a metaphorical way. In order to make explicit the hidden criticism, this article first compares the passage to the parallel section in the 15th book of the Metamorphoses, then reads it within the context of the first book of the Fasti and finally places it in the context of Ovid’s exile poetry. It emerges that the gods’ behaving more and more unjustly can be connected to the emperor himself, whereas the slaughtered birds recall the implicit author of the Fasti, who in his exile poetry constantly presents himself as the miserable victim of an unjust relegation to the Black Sea.

The Discovery and Significance of the Blood Groups

The authors of this book are Marion Reid, a well-known immunohaematologist, and Ian Shine, a geneticist. Marion Reid is co-author of several well-appreciated books, such as “The Blood Group Antigens FactsBook”. Ian Shine is also author of three books, including “Thomas Hunt Morgan: Pioneer of Genetics”, a biography of the great geneticist. “The Discovery and Significance of the Blood Groups” is divided into 15 chapters of unequal length. The first 12 chapters, comprising approximately 100 pages, are devoted to the discovery of the blood groups but also include a fascinating account of Rhesus haemolytic disease of the newborn, from the definition of the disease to the discovery of its pathophysiology, treatment and prevention (chapters 4 to 6, approximately 30 pages). The first chapter describes Karl Landsteiner’s seminal discovery and its background and includes, among other beautiful illustrations, a wonderful portrait of the young scientist. The second chapter (“Before the beginning”) starts with a fleeting account of the discoveries of Harvey and van Leeuwenhoek and continues with a brief account of the early attempts at transfusion. Other chapters are devoted to the Coombs’ test, the discovery of further antigens, the classification and nomenclature of blood group systems and their antigens, and the assignment of blood group loci to particular chromosomes. The topics of this section of the book are covered following their historical development. Many biographical annotations are interspersed throughout the text. Some of this material was collected by directly interviewing the protagonists. The last three chapters deal with the second main subject of the book, the significance of the blood groups, including the association between blood groups and disease, blood groups and immunity (briefly discussing conditions such as immune haemolytic anaemias, anti-PP1Pk and spontaneous abortion, paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria, anti-Nf and formaldehyde sterilisation, altered antigen expression in various diseases, blood group antigens on immunologically important proteins or proteins involved in the inflammatory response), and the insight, provided by null phenotypes, into the function of the molecules carrying blood group specificities. This last chapter is the longest and most detailed of the book, comprising 25 pages. In my opinion, however, a section on the significance of the blood groups should also have included the theories regarding the evolutionary pressures which drove their appearance and maintenance. The relationship between ABO polymorphisms and Plasmodium falciparum is in fact mentioned in the chapter on blood groups and disease, but this topic should have received a greater coverage. The book is completed by a glossary, bibliographical references, and an analytic index. The pages are elegantly designed, with the text in a large lateral column and notes and small illustrations in a narrow medial column. Unfortunately, long notes are also accommodated in the same narrow column, so that they sometimes extend through several pages, making reading awkward. A full page box would have been more appropriate. There are a few typographic errors scattered through the text, some of them with curious consequences: on page 45, refractile red cell ghosts became “retractile”, and on page 89 carmine acetic acid turned into “ascetic”. As already mentioned, most chapters are written following the historical development of their subjects and the succession of them also follows a logic of temporal sequence. This provides a sort of plot to the exposition, which makes it interesting and stimulates reading the book through. Many beautiful illustrations and useful tables contribute to a pleasant and profitable read. What is the intended readership of this book? Technical aspects are not omitted, although they are usually introduced and explained as if the authors expected a wider audience than immunohaematologists. Anyone interested in blood groups will find this book fascinating, both for the historical perspective and for the focus on biological correlates. This broader perspective, together with anecdotes, illustrations, and tables, provides precious material to enliven lessons on blood groups, which are usually quite boring for the audience.

The Listener Historical Archive 1929–1991.

<i>The Listener Historical Archive 1929–1991.</i>

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: Ethical Issues in Forensic Psychiatry: Minimizing Harm

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: Ethical Issues in Forensic Psychiatry: Minimizing Harm

Tony's Oldies: Visualising Vincentian Diasporic Memory

was beginning to see that this could be a photographic museum in cyberspace and a way of connecting Vincentians and keeping Vincentians connected with the homeUnd.- Tony Hadley, Tony's Oldies WebmasterIF YOU GOOGLE THE PHRASE 'Tony's Oldies', you will access a website portal to 156 pages of photographic images. The access icons to the individual pages are designed to look like so many miniature shoe boxes where old photographs might be stored. On the left of the page is a roll call of over three hundred deceased Vincentians, many with obituaries, from around the world. The site, which also contains a guest book section and commentaries on Vincentian history and lifestyle, is built around a core consisting of an independently run cyber-museum of Vincentian photographs, mastered by the Vincentian-born photographer Tony Hadley.After completing his secondary education in St Vincent, Tony Hadley emigrated to Canada in the late 1960s and settled in Montreal. In August 2001, after many years as a professional photographer, he registered a website at www.tonyoldies.homestead.com.1 This was the start of Tony's Oldies, where he began by making available his collection of 1960s black and white photographs of fellow secondary school pupils, mostly from the Boys' Grammar School in Kingstown, St Vincent. He describes the start-up as follows: after obtaining a scanner he some of these old images . . . that no one else had seen to a school friend who sent them out to others . . . the reaction was fantastic . . . and soon was getting requests from other people. was beginning to lose track of what sent to whom.2 The site sprang spontaneously out of popular interest, and soon a form of horizontal comradeship was being practised among those who had images to offer and memories to share, as many visitors commented on and supplemented his collection.By October 2011 the site had over five hundred photographs covering a wide range of St Vincent island topics. In a ten-year period the site had accumulated a total of 406,665 visits. For the first ten months of 2011 the site received a total of 13,454 hits from twenty-nine countries - of which 70 per cent were from Canada and the USA, 10 per cent from the United Kingdom, 10 per cent from St Vincent and the Grenadines and the remaining 10 per cent from the rest of the Caribbean (4.1 per cent) and sixteen other countries. In an email interview, Hadley explained that as the number and range of images he received began to increase, I started to think about a vision for this site ... was beginning to see that this could be a photographic museum in cyberspace and a way of connecting Vincentians and keeping Vincentians connected with the homeland. Adding the Guestbook and the Obituaries were important tools in the connection business. also added links to local news.3Hadley 's website has three objectives: recording memory through photographs, museology and Vincentian connectedness. The images in the museum comprise commercial postcards that offer an outsider perspective on the society, in addition to historical photographs contributed by Vincentians located in St Vincent as well as those Vincentians located in the diaspora. However, although the objectives of the cyber-museum could be read as 'tropicalisation' as defined by Krista Thompson in An Eye for the Tropics: Tourism, Photography and Framing the Caribbean Picturesque,* will argue that the style and content of Tony's Oldies present a challenge to this form of nostalgia. Not only does the site provide an alternative to the touristic gaze as embodied by postcard images, it actually subverts the outsider view, replacing it with a nuanced insider perspective, that is, one that falls between insider and outsider. This perspective presents a challenge to the conventional idea of a national museum by challenging the national (insider) idea of the meaning of heritage. In addition, it complicates the conceptualisation of diaspora by offering alternative priorities for the recounting of memory and history. …

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: The Psychopath Test: A Journey through the Madness Industry

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: The Psychopath Test: A Journey through the Madness Industry

&lt;b&gt;Bettina Wagner and Marcia Reed, eds&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Early Printed Books as Material Objects&lt;/i&gt;. Berlin: De Gruyter Saur, 2010. xii, 367p. ISBN 9783110253245. $150.00.

This book consists of the proceedings from a preconference organized by the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), held in Munich 19–21 August 2009 as a satellite meeting to IFLA’s annual congress in Milan, Italy. In the Introduction, Wagner sets the stage for the work included in this collection of presented papers. Although multiple copies of early printed editions may survive to the present day, Wagner emphasizes the importance of early printed books as individual objects, each with unique characteristics that distinguish it from all other copies printed in the . . .

El discurso de lo éxtimo en "Locas mujeres" de Gabriela Mistral

Este artículo se propone realizar una interpretación de los desvaríos presentes en el sujeto femenino inscrito en la sección Locas mujeres del libro Lagar (1954) y Lagar II (1991) de la poeta chilena Gabriela Mistral. La hipótesis de nuestro trabajo sostiene que la fragmentación del hablante es la causa de su desvarío, en tanto desconocimiento de sí mismo como un otro, a la vez que del otro mismo. Lo extimo responde a un neologismo lacaniano cuyo sentido marca la relación con un estado del sujeto despojado, extranjero de sí mismo, en donde el otro es una alteridad infranqueable, donde lo íntimo se torna ajeno. Este conflicto traza un estado de locura que es, no obstante, la oportunidad para resignificar el desvarío como la afirmación de la diferenca. La introyección de lo heterogéneo en el sujeto femenino implica el acto de ceder la palabra al otro. Con este trabajo pretendemos hacer un aporte en el restablecimiento de la Mistral como una poeta “subversiva” que rompe con la homogeneidad y univocidad del discurso.

The Enemy of the Good

The Enemy of the Good

Cape Town

cape town photo : united nations photo library . inset photos : werner roux 80 World Literature Today outpost L ocated in the eastern precinct of Cape Town City Centre in South Africa, the Book Lounge is an independent bookstore that opened in December 2007. The store serves as a venue for events, signings, and book club meetings each month and boasts the best kids’ section of books in town. It also includes a coffee shop. In September 2011 the Book Lounge launched its first annual literary festival, Open Book Cape Town. The Book Lounge’s proprietor, Mervyn Sloman, and Ben Williams of BOOK SA (http://bookslive.co.za) developed the idea for this festival, which partners with the Hay Festival. Open Book’s primary goals are to attract top writers and readers from around the world, showcase the best of South African writing, and contribute to the youth of Cape Town by building a love of reading and books. The 2011 festival featured almost 150 different events and nearly one hundred authors in five days. A portion of the festival was also devoted to a youth program. The 2011 festival was consistent with Sloman’s vision: “Open Book Cape Town is meant to be exactly what it says, opening the world of books and ideas to as many people as possible. At the Book Lounge, we’re known for going big with book events—and our ambition is to make Open Book Cape Town the biggest ‘bookjol’ the city has ever seen.” – Laura Hernandez Cape Town above An aerial view of Cape Town. right Valiant Swart and Earl Lovelace speaking at the 2011 Open Book Festival. ...

Cape Town

cape town photo : united nations photo library . inset photos : werner roux 80 World Literature Today outpost L ocated in the eastern precinct of Cape Town City Centre in South Africa, the Book Lounge is an independent bookstore that opened in December 2007. The store serves as a venue for events, signings, and book club meetings each month and boasts the best kids’ section of books in town. It also includes a coffee shop. In September 2011 the Book Lounge launched its first annual literary festival, Open Book Cape Town. The Book Lounge’s proprietor, Mervyn Sloman, and Ben Williams of BOOK SA (http://bookslive.co.za) developed the idea for this festival, which partners with the Hay Festival. Open Book’s primary goals are to attract top writers and readers from around the world, showcase the best of South African writing, and contribute to the youth of Cape Town by building a love of reading and books. The 2011 festival featured almost 150 different events and nearly one hundred authors in five days. A portion of the festival was also devoted to a youth program. The 2011 festival was consistent with Sloman’s vision: “Open Book Cape Town is meant to be exactly what it says, opening the world of books and ideas to as many people as possible. At the Book Lounge, we’re known for going big with book events—and our ambition is to make Open Book Cape Town the biggest ‘bookjol’ the city has ever seen.” – Laura Hernandez Cape Town above An aerial view of Cape Town. right Valiant Swart and Earl Lovelace speaking at the 2011 Open Book Festival. ...

Peter Olivi’s Dialogue with Aristotle on the Emotions

Peter Olivi’s Dialogue with Aristotle on the Emotions1 O.F.M. Dominic Whitehouse (bio) Peter of John Olivi composed Question 57 of his Quaestiones in secundum librum Sententiarum (“Questions on the Second Book of the Sentences”) in the decade after William of Moerbeke had translated, not long before 1270, Aristotle’s On Rhetoric into Latin.2 It was above all Moerbeke’s translation that gave thirteenth-century Europe access to the analysis of the emotions that Aristotle had placed in Book Two of the work. Two earlier translations existed: one that Hermannus Alemannus had made from an Arabic translation in 1256, and another that an anonymous translator had done from the Greek, sometime in the middle of the century.3 Few had read Hermannus’s version; and even fewer that of the unknown translator. In Opus Majus (1267–68), Roger Bacon [End Page 189] bemoaned the situation. He speculated that the cause probably lay in the poor quality of Hermannus’s translation, which had been done at a remove from the Arabic by someone who, on his own admission, had no education in logic.4 It is hard to gauge when Olivi would have read Aristotle’s On Rhetoric. He could have read it in Hermannus’s translation earlier in his time as a student at the Franciscan studium generale in Paris, or in Moerbeke’s later during his stay. How long Olivi actually spent in Paris is still debated. It seems likely that he arrived in the summer or early autumn of 1267.5 He himself says that he heard Bonaventure give the series of homilies entitled Collationes de septem donis Spiritus Sancti from February 25 until April 7, 1268.6 This would suggest that he was already there for the start of the academic year of 1267–68. When he left is even more uncertain. The earliest date would be the end of the four-year period normally spent by Franciscans preparing to be lectores (viz. teachers appointed to the regional houses of study); in Olivi’s case, this would have been in mid-1271, if we take it that he arrived in mid-1267. Sylvain Piron, however, argues [End Page 190] for the much later date of mid-1274.7 He bases his hypothesis firstly on the fact that Olivi’s texts reveal an acquaintanceship with Collationes in Hexaemeron, the cycle of homilies that Bonaventure gave in Paris between April 9 and May 28, 1273.8 He also argues that the earliest of the Quaestiones in Quaestiones in secundum librum Sententiarum appear to have arisen out of a course on Aristotle’s Physics that Olivi would have given at the Parisian studium after the four-year period normally granted to lectors.9 While Piron’s hypothesis is certainly possible, it is nevertheless highly speculative. All we know for sure is that Olivi was back in Languedoc in the later 1270s. Although one might suspect that Olivi had read On Rhetoric in his student years, especially given the interest that Moerbeke’s (if not Hermannus’s) translation had triggered in academic circles, all that we know, from the textual evidence which Question 57 provides, is that he had read at least the section in Book II on the emotions by the time that he wrote this question. Unfortunately, we can only say approximately when that was. Passages in the question suggest that Olivi had read the text of the articles condemned by Bishop Tempier [End Page 191] and his advisors on March 7, 1277.10 I would tend to agree with Sylvain Piron, therefore, in dating it to 1277 or the earlier part of 1278.11 What needs to be kept in mind, however, is that the question addresses disputes about the nature and real existence of liberum arbitrium that go back to Olivi’s student years in Paris. A question that we might first want to ask is why Olivi would embark upon such a full-blown investigation of the emotions in a question whose primary purpose is to investigate whether or not humans possess the capacity to decide freely; namely “liberum arbitrium,” which is more often than not translated as “free choice” (“… quaeritur an...

The Indo-German Identification: Reconciling South Asian Origins and European Destinies, 1765–1885 (review)

Robert Cowan, The Identification: Reconciling South Asian Origins and European Destinies, 1765-1885. Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2010. 225 pp. Robert Cowan's book is welcome addition to the growing secondary literature on the influence of Indian thought and culture on Germany. Building on the works of such scholars as Dorothy Figueira, The Identification joins other recent works such as Nicholas A. Germana's The Orient of Europe: The Mythical Image of India and Competing Images of German National Identity (2009) in reassessing this cultural influence. Although certain sections of Cowan's book are not entirely convincing, there is, overall, much to recommend. Cowan begins by offering an overview of India in the European imagination, from the ancient Greeks through the mid eighteenth century. This is useful summary for those new to the topic, showing how views of India often oscillated between two contrasting images: as site of ancient wisdom, and as land of incomprehensibility. In the next two chapters, Cowan sketches the beginnings of European Indology, showing how increased European interest in Sanskrit made possible the Indian influence on German thought that Cowan traces in his later chapters. This influence would not be possible without the pioneering work of both French and English scholars, Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron and William Jones among them. Cowan then turns to the case of Johann Gottfried Herder, whom he calls our first true Indo-German (51). Herder's belief that the human race originated in the Himalayas, view shared by Kant, would remain influential in thought for over century (53). After Herder, a true Indo-mania would develop in early German romanticism (57). Novalis is one of these Fruhromantiker influenced by Indian thought. Cowan reads the Hymnen an die Nacht as containing many parallels to the fifth-century drama of Shakuntala, building on work by Romila Thapar and A. Leslie Willson. Cowan cites Walter Leifer in stating that Sophie von Kuhn, Novalis's fiancee, was known as 'Shakuntala' in the Hardenberg household (81-82). Cowan then analyzes the philosophy of F. W J. Schelling, arguing that the latter's reading of the Gitagovinda influenced his earlier work. There is, however, only single reference to the Gitagovinda in Schelling's oeuvre, which Cowan quotes (102-3). Cowan sees the equanimity of the Sanskrit poem as influencing Schelling's Indifferenzpunk f (91). At the end of the discussion on Schelling, Cowan notes how Schelling's beliefs later moved toward Lutheran orthodoxy (103). …

Medžimurje horse population in Slovenia

In the nineteenth and early twentieth century the Medžimurje horse played an important role as a draft and working horse in the river Mura region. Nowadays, this area is split between Hungary, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia. In the frame of the project "Management of traditional transboundary breeds on example of a nearly forgotten breed the Murinsulaner", we collected data for cold blooded horses similar to the Medžimurje horse. Horses of this type do not exist in Austria anymore, in Croatia they were registered as an authothonous breed »Medjimurje horse«, and in Slovenia and Hungary this horse has a special section in the stud book for cold blooded horses as a Medžimurje type of horse. The Slovenian part of the population of the Medžimurje horse is quite heterogeneous regarding body measures. With respect to the scoring system used in the above mentioned project, the majority of scored animals were classified as »desired« or »satisfactory«. In order to further develop or to preserve this type of horse or to form a consolidated breed we would have to make a breeding program which would prevent mating among related animals and to cooperate with neighbouring countries in the field of breeding and selection. The only hope to preserve this type of horse on the long term in the region is by using it as a tourist attraction for carriage riding and/or as a draft horse in agriculture in marginal regions.

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists (6th Ed.)

Book Section: Essays and Reviews: Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists (6th Ed.)

PAIS BIÓGRAFOS. ESCRITURAS PARENTAIS E DIÁRIOS DE NASCIMENTO (Tradução)

This paper examines the parental writings about birth and infancy. Biographic fragments or texts, with or without photographies, can fit into the sections of a baby record book. They can also be archived in babies’ diaries or on the Internet, in the family’s blog. Several qualitative researches (FRANCIS, 2006, 2007, 2010) cross various types of data: the structure and the organization of babies’ books, texts written by parents and semi-directives interviews with parents and children. The purpose was to approach the family practices. The results show that the parental writings depict representations of family, childhood and mothers’ and fathers’ roles. At the border of the “self-writings” and “writings for others” (SIMONET-TENANT, 2004; LEJEUNE & BOGAERT, 2006) babies’ books and blogs can be defined as memory objects. They give opportunity of linguistic activities to fix the family history and the family memory. The study of the family practices in blogs and babies’ books underlines the figures of the parent biographer (FRANCIS, 2006) and places also the bibliographic activity of the parent in its socializing scale. Key words : primary childhood, childhood representation, childhood socialization, family scriptures. See also the original French version published in this issue.

Abandoned Images: Film and Film’s End

ABANDONED IMAGES: FILM AND FILM'S END By Stephen Barber. London: Reaktion Books, 2010, 185 pp. Reviewed by Kelsey Haas Stephen Barber's new book, Abandoned Images: and Film's examines abandonment of film (celluloid) in context of proliferation of digital cinema technologies and considers implications of this historically. Barber contributes to ongoing debates about end of film by reading shift away from celluloid technologies through architecture of defunct movie palaces in downtown Los Angeles. Abandoned Images focuses on the Broadway avenue of twelve ruined cinemas, once granthose and excessive, now derelict but intact, in downtown Los Angeles, which offer their extraordinary facades and interiors as screens for exploration of film's end. He also theorizes about state of cinema and spectatorial experience throughout cinema history. The scope of Abandoned Images is wide-ranging, as Barber elegantly structures his book to not only read architecture of abandoned Los Angeles theatres in depth but also perform brief textual analyses of film sequences from mainstream, art and experimental cinema in order to apply his insights to global viewing culture. Abandoned Images will appeal to readers interested in cinematic space and relationships between film and digital media. The book is divided into four parts, each addressing Barber's central topic using a slightly different methodology. In first part, entitled Film and End, Barber discusses various film theorists and cultural historians who explore issue of end of film, arguing that Filmic history can now only exist in fragments, since its amalgamation with digital has irreparably scrambled its resolution. This section of book also sets up its main underlying concern: trauma. Using David Lynch's Mulholland Dr. (2001) as his main case study, Barber analyses Club Silencio sequence- which takes place in abandoned Tower Cinema - to suggest that experience of cinema is one tied to darkness and death. For Barber, film is a self-destructive medium and this argument sets a cynical tone throughout most of book, even when he sees potential for filmic reinvention within a digital context. In second part of Abandoned Images, Barber reads disintegrating movie palaces as palimpsests, addressing question of what happens to cinematic space when its granthose aura is demolished. Turning to film images, he argues that cinema is a medium ideally suited to issues of memory, history, and death, as film images are often complicit with their own decay. Through all this discussion of death and decay of film and cinematic spaces, Barber also argues that these remaining traces of film can also instigate new visual forms as filmmakers work to keep medium alive through self-reflexive use of celluloid. The third part of Abandoned Images focuses on relationship between film and human eye by examining impact of film on spectators as well as films which, in various ways, play with representation of eyes. In both discussions, Barber's focus is on idea of wounding and trauma of eyes by or in film. His arguments here tend to wander, jumping from textual analysis of films to a metaphorical analysis of architecture, and yield mixed results. However, Barber's later discussion of relationship between cinematic viewing and opulent visual spaces of movie palaces in same chapter is engaging and insightful. He argues that ornate architecture of movie palaces at their peak were visually distracting for spectator. However, he also argues that potential for celluloid to break apart mid-projection (particularly during all-night projections of exploitation or pornographic films in unmaintained movie palaces) or combust (in case of nitrate film stocks) encourages focussed vision of cinematic spectator. …