Secondary Specialized Educational Institutions Research Articles

Формирование высшего физкультурного образования в Пензенской области

In modern student sports of the Russian Federation, a prominent place is occupied by a team of students and specialists in physical education and sports of Penza State University. The main efforts in the sport development in the higher education system of the Penza Region were carried out by a team of a specialized faculty of physical education, and later the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of Penza State University. We analyze the prerequisites developed in the Penza Region and other regions for the opening of a higher educational institution for the physical education specialists training. In the period of 1940-1950, mid-level personnel for schools and physical education groups were trained by technical schools of physical education, which were secondary special educational institutions. Since the faculty opening, sports work at the institute has significantly revived. As throughout the country, in Penza Pedagogical University, the foundation of a sports society, its primary organization was a sports club, which was created at the university, most commonly, by student and local labour union committees. The core of the sports club was students of physical education faculty, although the leadership of the club was based on the first decades at the department of physical education. The core of the sports club was students of physical education, although the leadership of the club in the first decades was based at the physical education department. Sports achievements of students and graduates of the Faculty of Physical Education are presented. We note multiple victories at the championships of the voluntary sports society “Burevestnik”, the championships of the RSFSR, the USSR, the Russian Federation, the Universiades, the World and Europe Championships, Olympic Games in swimming, athletics, volleyball, basketball, rhythmic gymnastics, sambo, speed skating, gymnastics, hockey throughout the entire period of the faculty.

Relevant Problems of Personnel Training for The Real Sector of The Economy Based on The Competency-Based Approach in Education

Specialists’ level of professional training gains special significance in modern economic conditions. This problem is also relevant to organizations of the real sector of the economy. The present article examines the problems of training personnel for various economy sectors related to the competency approach adopted in the education system. Increasing the level of training of managerial personnel while accounting for industry characteristics and their specialization profile is noted to be one of the priority directions of work. The study is based on Russian practice in developing the country’s production potential and on the practice of scientific, technical, and economic development of foreign countries, particularly Japan, China, and others. The requirement of quantitative and qualitative staffing is an indispensable condition for the effective functioning and development of enterprises and organizations of all sectors and spheres of the national economy. In this regard, the goal of the present study is to identify, analyze, and summarize the positive and negative aspects of the competency approach to educational practice. Attainment of the set goal is based on the methodological approaches to the assessment of the existing educational system and the methods of comparative analysis of general economic consequences of such changes from the employer’s perspective. The scientific result of the study is the ways of resolving the identified problems suggested by the authors from the point of both the employers and the directions of the professional activity of higher and secondary special educational institutions. In particular, it is suggested to create corporate training centers at large organizations, the ideology of which would be based on improving the professional level of employees in accordance with the established qualification requirements.

Features of frequency of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases among students of secondary specialized and higher educational institutions of various areas of training

Features of frequency of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases among students of secondary specialized and higher educational institutions of various areas of training

FEATURES OF TRAINING MANAGERS FOR THE CULTURE INDUSTRY IN SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION PLACES OF UKRAINE (K. XX - EARLY XXI CENTURIES)

The article defines the peculiarities of professional training of specialists in the management of sociocultural activity in secondary specialized educational institutions (schools of culture). Ukraine at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. taking into account the leading processes of transfer and acquisition of experience - acculturation, socialization, identification - the specific character of formation of professional competence of future managers as managers of socio-cultural and artistic projects in the sphere of leisure is characterized. The peculiarities of the process of preparation of future managers of socio-cultural activity give grounds to state that their consideration is extremely influential in determining the strategies and prospects of further development of the educational system for the organization of culture. According to these conceptual bases, the system of professional training of specialists in this specialty in secondary specialized educational institutions of Ukraine during the selected period should be considered from the standpoint of integration as a multilevel complex of internal and external relationships and interactions of the components of the holistic educational process and socio-cultural environment. creative, professional-performing, artistic-pedagogical, practical, leisure and management activities.

THE FUNCTIONING OF THE MINSK BELARUSIAN PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGE IN THE 1920S THROUGH THE PRISM OF NATIONAL-CULTURAL POLICY IN SOVIET BELARUS

The article examines the problem of training middle-level teaching staff in Minsk in the 1920s, poorly understood in Belarusian historiography. The materials of the National Archives of the Republic of Belarus, memoirs, first introduced into scientific circulation, are analyzed. The purpose of the article is to identify on the basis of documents introduced for the first time in the scientific circulation the essential characteristics of the activities of the Minsk Belarusian Pedagogical College in the context of socio-political, socio-economic, national and cultural life of the BSSR of the 1920s. The following methods were used in the work: historical-genetic (the features of the functioning of the technical school are considered at various stages of its formation and development), historical-systemic (the educational institution is considered as a complex system, the functioning of various elements of which was influenced by the economic and national-cultural policy of Soviet Belarus), a method of content analysis (the most frequent semantic constructions in the documents were noted, and then the results were interpreted). The special role of the Minsk Belarusian Pedagogical College is noted in the training of highly qualified specialists demanded by the employers of the republic, as well as the place of the educational institution in the cultural and literary processes of the studied period. It is emphasized that, despite the difficulties of a financial and organizational nature, the Minsk Belarusian Pedagogical College was one of the leading humanitarian educational institutions of its time. The educational institution was an important link in the implementation of the state policy of Belarusization. Changes in the national course of the Soviet authorities in the late 1920s–1930s affected the activities of secondary specialized pedagogical educational institutions of Minsk. Many positive achievements of the Belarusian culture were eliminated.

The teaching staff of secondary specialized educational institutions of the Komi ASSR in the 1950s–1980s: characteristics, dynamics of the number

Introduction. Since the early 1950s, for developing spheres of the country’s national economy there has been an active training of personnel, including those with secondary specialized education. One of the key aspects of the development of the system of vocational education is an increase in the number of teachers. The main indicators of the quality of teaching in educational institutions, and accordingly the quality of training, are the educational level and teachers’ work experience. Materials and Methods. The article shows the dynamics of the numbers and characteristics of the teaching staff of vocational educational institutions of Komi ASSR in the 1950s – 1980s, based on archival statistical data. The paper is based on the principles of scientific objectivity, historicism and authenticity. When working with sources the author used methods of statistical analysis and comparison. Results and Discussion. The data obtained as a result of the study are presented in tables form for better transparency. Conclusion. Analysis of the available data showed a positive trend both in the increase in the number of teaching staff in vocational educational institutions, and in the change in their main characteristics.

РОЛЬ ЖАНРОВОГО ПОДХОДА В ПРОЦЕССЕ МУЗЫКАЛЬНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ И ВОСПИТАНИЯ ПИАНИСТА

The article justifies a pedagogical potential of the genre approach to forming pianists’ performing skills in the process of training at secondary special educational institutions. The genre approach is considered at the level of professional musical education where it is implemented through synthesis of theoretical knowledge and students’ auditory conceptions. By the example of M. Titz’s piano suites, the paper shows how students develop understanding of the genre features and implement them in performing through expressive means appropriate to the genre context.

Formation of Secondary Specialized Library Education in Ukraine in the 1920s — 1950s

The article analyses characteristic features of the formation of system of secondary specialized library institutions in Ukraine in the 1920s — 1950s, as well as various professional courses and secondary technical schools that trained library specialists. The purpose of this article is to reveal the distinctive features, the main factors and stages of formation and development of secondary specialized library education in the Ukrainian SSR in the 1920s — 1950s, to characterize the varieties, features of creation and development of technical schools, which trained library specialists of mid-level management, especially library technical schools. The author used both general scientific research methods (description, comparison, analogy, deduction, induction, analysis, etc.) and historical (historical-comparative, historical-typological, historical-diachronic, chronological) methods. The author proves that in the second half of the 1930s, the country developed the system of secondary specialized library education, consisting both of training courses, retraining of specialists and also of a number of special educational institutions — various types of technical schools and other institutions where librarians were trained. In particular, there was formed the network of special library technical schools. Based on the analysis of historical, socio-political, cultural and other social factors, the author proposes periodization of formation and development of secondary special educational institutions, which trained library workers. Training of specialists in library technical schools and other secondary institutions became the basis for the formation of human resource of librarians of mid-level qualification for the different types of libraries (mainly for mass). The results and conclusions of this work can serve as a source material for further research on the history of secondary special library education; the material can be used in the special course lectures on the history of library education.

Ethnolinguistic Ecology of the Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East (On the Material of the Languages of the Northern Group of the Manchu-Tungus Languages)

The article is devoted to the problem of ethnolinguistic ecology of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East — speakers of the northern group of the Manchu-Tungus languages of the Altai linguistic community: the Evenks (the Tungus people), the Evens (the Lamut people), the Negidals, the Solons. For the first time the term “ethnolinguistic ecology” was introduced by Professor V. P. Neroznak in the encyclopedic dictionary and reference book “The Red Book of the Languages of the Peoples of Russia” (Moscow, 1994), which included information on the Evenki, Even and Negidal languages. During the 20th and early 21st centuries, there has happened a dramatic dying out of the languages of the northern peoples. In these conditions, the revival, preservation and development of languages and cultures of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the Russian Federation, including the Manchu-Tungus peoples, are particularly relevant. In this regard, both the state patronage and the position of the small-numbered peoples themselves become especially important. Special attention should be paid to the issues of scientific research of the remaining foci of the colloquial native languages and culture (mainly in the places of dense concentration of these peoples, who are engaged in traditional types of management — reindeer herding, hunting, fishing, gathering), and also the issues of teaching these languages at all levels of the education system (family, preschool educational institutions, primary and secondary schools, secondary special educational institutions and universities). The article highlights extreme importance of the practical application of research in such an audacious area of linguistics as ethnolinguistics

Integration of Hybrid Musical Instruments into Russian Piano School

Introduction. The article presents the introduction of the hybrid musical instrument (disklavier) into the system of Russian music education. This new instrument has appeared relatively recently. It is relevant to study the world experience of using the hybrid piano and to analyze the prospects for applying it in the field of Russian piano performance. The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of using the hybrid musical instrument with additional equipment among students of higher educational institutions of Moscow. Materials and Methods. In the experimental part of the study, the American method of K. Riley was used. The additional techniques of working with disklavier and additional equipment based on Riley’s method were developed and applied. An activity criterion was chosen to assess the professional ski lls of students. Results. Based on pedagogical observation and interviewing, it was established that the use of a hybrid musical instrument and additional equipment improves the intellectual, research and creative abilities of students. The disklavier allows students to hear themselves in acoustic format from the position of a teacher. The instrument provides auditory and visual analysis of performance. The students can compare their feelings from the game with the exact data recorded by the disklavier and make changes to the record without losing its quality. Discussion and Conclusion. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the use of specially developed methods of working with the disklavier and additional equipment. More work will need to be done to determine the influence of new technologies in the class of a special piano and chamber ensemble at various levels of education. This study may be of interest both for students and teachers of the piano department at secondary special and higher educational institutions.

Особливості державного реформування професійної освіти

The concept of introduction of modern standards of vocational education in the educational process of a higher school on the basis of a competent approach in foreign countries is analyzed. It is revealed that the main idea of the competent approach is competence-oriented education, aimed at the comprehensive assimilation of various knowledge and methods of practical activity through the acquisition of appropriate competences, through which a person successfully implements himself in various fields of his professional activities, acquires social independence, becomes mobile and qualified. In order for vocational education to meet the needs of the labor market, a component of social partnership is being implemented. His key participant is an employer who creates professional standards and helps in the implementation of dual education. In addition, informal and informal education will be recognized within the framework of the social partnership. Improving the quality of education is planned due to the modernization of the educational environment, the involvement of employees in the production and service sectors, the promotion of professional development of teachers of the institution. They will also create the necessary training facilities for people with special educational needs. Considerable attention needs to be given to the problem of reducing the level of motivation of school graduates to receive a pedagogical profession, ineffective work placement systems for graduates of higher pedagogical educational institutions and lack of mobility of the retraining system of teaching staff in accordance with the needs of the labor market. Recently, the level of requirements for the work of the teacher and the burden on him is constantly increasing, and the prestige of the teacher’s work is decreasing; The cooperation of parents and the public with educational collectives of educational institutions remains rather weak. Professional education in Ukraine is carried out in the system of higher and secondary specialized educational institutions: in universities, academies, institutes, colleges, technical schools, technical, pedagogical, medical and art schools. According to many scholars and experts in the educational sector, the system of higher education in the XXI century will be influenced by world trends. Modern higher education departs from the study aimed at the quantitative (ballroom) dimension, the world is interested in what the graduates of the higher educational institution specifically know how to work, which skills and competences were acquired by a higher education student throughout the entire period of study.

Социально-педагогические аспекты формирования студенческого потенциала как кадрового резерва

We present the social and pedagogical aspects of the formation of student potential as a personnel reserve. We reveal the functions and applied tasks of the social and pedagogical activity of the formation of student potential as a personnel which includes diagnostic, organizing, educating, developing, correcting, forming, prognostic components. We distinguish several typologies of the personnel reserve according to the type of activity, the speed of replacing posts, and the level of preparedness of a strategic and operational reserve. We study the student potential as a personnel reserve through an analysis of public opinion among full-time students of higher and secondary specialized educational institutions of Moscow and Tambov. The survey involved 220 full-time students. In addition to the survey, students were interviewed by the heads of various structural divisions and firms in order to find out their opinions on student employment and the formation of student potential as a personnel reserve. We indicate that in the process of formation of the personnel reserve a number of interrelated stages are distinguished: social and psychological study, selection of psychodiagnostic methods, psychodiagnostics and social and psychological prognosis.

Cooperation as social form collective business

This analytical article presents an attempt to identify the most important intra-reasons that prevent the further development of diversified cooperative economy in Russia. The authors consider one of them to be the washout of qualified workers from the staff of cooperative organizations and enterprises, the lack of full replenishment of human resources from the number of graduates of higher and secondary special educational institutions of consumer cooperation, there is a decrease in the quality of the human factor in consumer cooperation, which leads to miscalculations and errors in the activities of cooperative enterprises and organizations. The second internal factor, after the human one, is the property one. The third internal factor, which in fact undermines the very foundations of cooperative construction, is a significant weakening of organizational and mass work with shareholders. The fourth internal factor is the recent transformation of the cooperative trading network. The fifth factor is the imbalance between the proclaimed ideas, goals, slogans at the middle levels of government and their further real embodiment in the lower management level.

Formation of the Future Teacher’s Readiness to Professional Activity in the Dual-Oriented Education Conditions

The reorientation of society to the market relations was required major changes in the system of vocational education. When employment, the employer is interested not store of theoretical knowledge of graduates of higher and secondary special educational institutions, but their preparedness to fulfillment of professional activities in this area. In connection with these requirements of employers and society in our country, were started the implementation of dual system of education. There has developed the innovative labor market in Kazakhstan. And it is necessary to review the traditional approaches in system of vocational education. However, the educational institutions cannot to shift to the new goals of specialists training yet. "Duality" means "double unity, duality". Dual training, as showed the practice of European education system is the product of close cooperation between educational institutions and employers for successful professional and social adaptation of future specialists. Together with this, given manuscript demonstrates the necessity of dual oriented education in educational system of the Republic of Kazakhstan for enhancement the professional preparation of the specialists

Состояние подготовки кадров для сферы туризма в Российской Федерации

the article deals with the role of staff training for the tourism industry, the analysis of directions of preparation in higher educational institutions and specialties in secondary special educational institutions is given. The analysis of existing educational programs is given; the main problems of training personnel for tourism, the poor quality of practical training of students, the need to improve the educational process in terms of improving educational programs, the introduction of new technologies and methods for teaching students, the organization of professional training of teachers, the quality of textbooks and teaching aids, the need for introduction of new technologies in the educational process are represented.

Профессиональная компетентность выпускников высших и средних учебных заведений в контексте непрерывного образования

The problem of professional competence of young specialists who have graduated from higher and secondary special educational institutions in the conditions of continuous education is considered. The study focuses on economic education, which is due to the scientific specialization of the first author of the article. According to the authors, the negative results of the majority of economic reforms carried out in our country are determined by the lack of preparedness of the main part of citizens to a new stage of social development, lack of awareness about the basic economic phenomena and laws of social life. The relevance of the chosen topic is related to the role of the federal state educational standards of the third generation, the features of which are analyzed in this work after the review of the key concepts of continuing education: “competence,” “competency” and “professional competence.” The practical part describes the basis of the author’s concept of economic competence of students: a brief description of the economic competencies included in its structure, and their respective levels of professional education (basic, professional, auxiliary). It is noted that the distinguished levels imply a competent change of stages of economic education while maintaining such characteristics of professional education as integrity, openness to all verifiable aspects of human knowledge and reliance on previous intellectual and moral experience.

Application of Microsoft Excel in the Conduct of a Sociological Study of the Results of The Survey, for the Study of the Sociological Portrait of Applicants of Secondary Special Educational Institutions of the South Of Russia in TOP-50 Specialties

Application of Microsoft Excel in the Conduct of a Sociological Study of the Results of The Survey, for the Study of the Sociological Portrait of Applicants of Secondary Special Educational Institutions of the South Of Russia in TOP-50 Specialties

РАДЯНІЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА ДРОГОБИЧЧИНІ (1939 – 1941)

The article analyzes the processes of Soviet reorganization of professional education on the territory of the Drohobych region of the Ukrainian SSR during the initial period of the approval of the Soviet authorities in the West Ukrainian lands (1939 – 1941). It was established that at that time in Drohobych region at least 24 secondary specialized educational institutions of different levels and professional orientation (first of all, industrial, commercial, medical, cultural and educational) operated. The overwhelming majority of them worked on the basis of reorganized both private and state special schools, remaining from the interwar time. It was found out that the number of students of these institutions (taking into account the lack of data on the number of students of at least 8 out of 24 educational institutions) in the first half of 1941 amounted to more than 3 thousand people. The authors state the lack of documents on the ethnic composition of the students of these educational institutions. In addition, the article shows that communist indoctrination of pupils and students was carried out in special educational institutions.

Антитела к нейромедиаторам - нейроиммунные маркеры в персонализированной профилактике болезней зависимости

Цель исследования - изучение содержания аутоантител к нейромедиаторам дофамину, норадреналину, серотонину, глутамату и ГАМК на разных стадиях развития зависимости от ПАВ, а также влияние различных видов наркотиков на их уровень в сыворотках крови. Методика. Исследование выполнено на базе отделения аддиктивных состояний и лаборатории клинической психонейроиммунологии и нейробиологии НИИ психического здоровья Томского НИМЦ РАН. Группу здоровых людей составили 148 студентов средних специальных и высших учебных заведений. Группа наркологических пациентов состояла из 203 лиц. Кровь для исследования у наркологических пациентов брали однократно при поступлении в стационар или на диспансерном приеме. У добровольцев кровь брали однократно при обследовании. Антитела к нейромедиаторам дофамину (ДА), норадреналину (НА), серотонину (5-ОТ), глутамату (ГЛУ) и ГАМК определяли методом твердофазного ИФА (ELISA) на полистироловых 96-луночных планшетах, сенсибилизированных тест-антигеном. В качестве тест-антигенов использовали конъюгаты нейромедиатора с бычьим сывороточным альбумином (БСА). Конъюгированные антигены ДА-БСА и 5-ОТ-БСА синтезировали с использованием диазотированного белка. Конъюгаты НА-БСА, ГЛУ_БСА и ГАМК-БСА синтезировали с помощью глутарового альдегида. Полученные данные статистически обрабатывали с использованием непараметрического критерия Манна-Уитни и точного метода Фишера. Результаты. Установлено, что уровень антител к нейромедиаторам (ДА, НА, 5-ОТ, ГЛУ, ГАМК) может отражать изменения в нейротрансмиттерных системах головного мозга, происходящие при развитии зависимости от ПАВ и выявлять особенности действия различных наркотических веществ. Наиболее существенное усиление продукции аутоантител к нейромедиаторам наблюдалось у пациентов с опийной наркоманией. Пациенты, злоупотреблявшие психоактивными веществами без развития зависимости, но с вредными последствиями для здоровья, характеризовались низким уровнем аутоантител к нейромедиаторам. При этом следует особо отметить более выраженное снижение уровня аутоантител к глутамату в этой группе пациентов. Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют, что аутоантитела к нейромедиаторам особенно к дофамину, норадреналину, глутамату могут рассматриваться в качестве нейроиммунных маркеров стадийного развития аддиктивных состояний. The purpose. The aim of this work was to study the level of autoantibodies to neurotransmitters dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, glutamate and GABA at different stages of development of the psychoactive substances dependence, as well as the effect of various types of narcotics on their serum levels. Methods. The study was performed on the basis of the department of addictive states and the laboratory of clinical psychoneuroimmunology and neurobiology of the Mental Health Research Institute Tomsk NRMC RAS. The group of healthy people was 148 students of secondary special and higher educational institutions. The group of narcological patients consisted of 203 persons. Blood for study in narcological patients was taken only once on admission to hospital or on a dispensary. The volunteers received blood once during the examination. Antibodies to neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NA), serotonin (5-OT), glutamate (GLU) and GABA were determined by solid-state ELISA (ELISA) on polystyrene 96-well plates sensitized with test antigen. As test antigens were used. neuromediators conjugate with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Conjugated DA-BSA and 5-OT-BSA antigens were synthesized using a diazotized protein. Conjugates of NA-BSA, GLU-BSA and GABA-BSA were synthesized with glutaraldehyde. The data obtained were statistically processed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and Fisher’s exact method. Results. As a result of the study, it was established that the level of antibodies to neurotransmitters (DA, NA, 5-OT, GLU, GABA) may reflect changes in neurotransmitter systems of the brain that occur when development of the psychoactive substances dependence and may to reveal the specific features of the action of various narcotic substances. The most significant increase in the production of autoantibodies to neurotransmitters was observed in patients with opiate addiction. Patients who abused psychoactive substances without dependence development, but with harmful health effects, were characterized by a low level of autoantibodies to neurotransmitters. In this case, we should especially note a more pronounced decrease in the level of autoantibodies to glutamate in this group of patients. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that autoantibodies to neurotransmitters, especially dopamine, norepinephrine, glutamate can be considered as neuroimmune markers of the stage development of addictive states.

LABOR RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE OF DAGESTAN IN 70-80-IES OF XX CENTURY

On the basis of archival sources, published literature, periodicals examined the formation and use of labor resources in the agricultural sector of Dagestan in the Soviet period of its history. They are characterized by various forms of training skilled workers for agriculture. Training of higher and secondary education for the national economy by five universities: State University V.I. Lenin, educational, agricultural, medical and polytechnic institutes, 28 specialized secondary educational institutions. In the universities and secondary specialized educational institutions of new departments, specialties extended profile have been established, which trained cadres of higher qualification. At the beginning of the 1969-70 school years, 54.7% higher fulltime students and 68.8% of students in secondary specialized schools were rural youth. Increased influx of rural youth in special schools created preconditions for better maintenance of the Dagestan village of qualified personnel. In agriculture of Dagestan by 1980 18.3 thousand. Specialists with higher and secondary qualifications were employed. Highlighting the increasing efficiency of agricultural production made it necessary not only to general training, but also a systematic retraining. In this context, the relationship reveals the demographic characteristics of the population and labor force.