Secondary Quantization Research Articles

On the possibility of observing secondary quantization effects inYBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ Ceramic based RF-SQUIDs

The ability to sinter the high-temperature superconducting ceramics (HTSC) used for making RF-SQUIDs, in which the conditions for observing secondary quantization effects (SQE) are satisfied, is discussed. The requirement for the ceramic sample characteristics, for example, granule size and type of intergrain junctions for minimizing the dielectric permeability and increasing the normal resistance of the weak link, are presented. It is shown that the method of preparing the YBa2Cu3O7−δ thick films by painting a (3BaCuO2+2CuO) mixture on a substrates of Y2BaCuO5 appears to be suitable. Experimental results show the possible influence of SQE on the signal characteristics of thick film YBa2Cu3O7−δ RF-SQUIDs.

Derivation of cooperative-dynamic equations for an ensemble of three-level atoms in a coherent electromagnetic field

Equations for the density matrix of three-level atoms interacting collectively with a two-mode radiation field are derived for level schemes of three types within the framework of a formalism with secondary quantization of the electromagnetic field.

Double exchange in polynuclear mixed-valence clusters

A method for calculating the energies of the tunnel states of mixed-valence, clusters is proposed. It is based on the secondary quantization technique and allows one to obtain analytical expressions for all matrix elements that appear in double exchange theory as well as to determine the microstructures of the parameters of this theory. The energy spectra of trimeric systems are calculated with allowance made for the three-center transfer integrals, and the magnetic properties of these systems are investigated.

Dirac and BFV quantization methods in the 1-loop approximation: closure of the quantum constraint algebra and the conserved inner product

Operator realization of quantum constraints and the lowest-order structure functions is found in the 1-loop (linear in h) approximation of the Dirac and BFV quantization for the general gauge theory subject to first-class constraints. Semiclassical equivalence of the Dirac and BFV methods to the reduced quantization of physical variables is established in terms of the conserved inner product in the space of physical states. The global obstructions to this result are briefly discussed in connection with the ideas of the secondary (third) quantization of constrained systems.

Gaussian quantization of the Klein-Gordon equation in variational derivatives and secondary quantization of a Boson string

A Klein-Gordon equation in variational derivatives is proposed for the quantum theory of a Boson string in a fixed gauge. By using this equation a secondary quantization is constructed for a Boson string in the functional space of string functionals that are square summable in a countable additive Gaussian measure.

Secondary quantization of the Dirac free field in hypercomplex system of numbers

The method of secondary quantization of the Dirac free field is developed in the formalism of a hypercomplex system of numbers, generalizing the Clifford algebra to state space analogously to its generalization to distorted space. Then, after conversion to a new basis, it is shown that, taking account of the projection operators, the bases of Fermi algebra — creation and annihilation operators — may be taken as the new basis. Writing the solution of the Dirac free equation in the new basis, the physically observed field values are written in terms of secondary-quantization operators. The adjustable Dirac-field function is calculated in the same formalism.

MAGNETIC POLARON IN FERROMAGNETIC CRYSTAL

MAGNETIC POLARON IN FERROMAGNETIC CRYSTAL