Secondary Lines Research Articles

Diagnostic Value of Radiolabelled Somatostatin Analogues for Neuroendocrine Tumour Diagnosis: The Benefits and Drawbacks of [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC.

Simple SummaryOne of the most incredible advances in nuclear medicine is early detection of neuroendocrine tumors, which leads to appropriate and expedient treatment pathways. Advances made with somatostatin analogue derivatives radiolabeled with Gallium-68 clarified the paths of diagnosis and treatment properly. Despite the significant improvements, widespread efforts are in progress to attain the most specific radiopharmaceutical for this purpose. In this literature review, we will provide a short overview on the role of nuclear medicine in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors focusing on [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC as a new radiopharmaceutical with promising clinical results.Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) arise from secondary epithelial cell lines in the gastrointestinal or respiratory system organs. The rate of development of these tumours varies from an indolent to an aggressive course, typically being initially asymptomatic. The identification of these tumours is difficult, particularly because the primary tumour is often small and undetectable by conventional anatomical imaging. Consequently, diagnosis of NETs is complicated and has been a significant challenge until recently. In the last 30 years, the advent of novel nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures has led to a substantial increase in NET detection. Great varieties of exclusive single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals for detecting NETs are being applied successfully in clinical settings, including [111In]In-pentetreotide, [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-TOC/TATE, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE, and [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC/TATE. Among these tracers for functional imaging, PET radiopharmaceuticals are clearly and substantially superior to planar or SPECT imaging radiopharmaceuticals. The main advantages include higher resolution, better sensitivity and increased lesion-to-background uptake. An advantage of diagnosis with a radiopharmaceutical is the capacity of theranostics to provide concomitant diagnosis and treatment with particulate radionuclides, such as beta and alpha emitters including Lutetium-177 (177Lu) and Actinium-225 (225Ac). Due to these unique challenges involved with diagnosing NETs, various PET tracers have been developed. This review compares the clinical characteristics of radiolabelled somatostatin analogues for NET diagnosis, focusing on the most recently FDA-approved [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TATE as a state-of-the art NET-PET/CT radiopharmaceutical.

Can the French version of the short \xd6rebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire or its subsets predict the evolution of patients with acute, (sub) acute and chronic pain?

BackgroundPrevention of chronic pain relies on accurate detection of at-risk patients. Screening tools have been validated mainly in (sub) acute spinal pain and the need of more generic tools is high. We assessed the validity of the French version of the short Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) in patients with a large range of pain duration and localization.MethodsFirst, we re-analyzed data from a 6-month longitudinal study of 73 patients with (sub) acute spinal pain consulting in secondary line settings. Secondly, we performed a new 12-month longitudinal study of 542 primary care patients with (sub) acute and chronic pain in different localizations (spinal, limbs, “non-musculoskeletal”). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and cutoff scores were computed and compared for different subpopulations and ÖMPSQ subscores.ResultsData from patients suffering from (sub) acute and chronic spinal pain consulting in both primary and secondary care settings confirmed the validity of the short French ÖMPSQ version and its subsets. In the primary care cohort, the performance of the questionnaire and its psychosocial subscore was variable but at least “fair” in most populations ((sub) acute and chronic, spinal and limb pain). Cutoff scores showed quite large variability depending on the outcome and the subpopulation considered.ConclusionsThese results confirm the usefulness of the short French ÖMPSQ for prediction of the evolution of (sub) acute and chronic patients with spinal and limb pain, whatever its duration. However, increasing population heterogeneity results in slightly worse predictive performance and largely variable cutoff scores. Consequently, it might be difficult to choose universal cutoff scores and other criteria, such as patients’ values and the available resources for patient management, should be taken into account.

Development of a Quantitative Framework for Evaluating Natural Attenuation of 1,1,1‐TCA, 1,1‐DCA, 1,1‐DCE, and 1,4‐Dioxanein Groundwater

AbstractA series of quantitative decision frameworks were developed to aid in the evaluation of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) as a remedy for 1,4‐dioxane, chlorinated ethanes, and chlorinated ethenes. The end product is an updated version of BioPIC, a successful, existing decision framework for MNA of chlorinated ethenes. In evaluating MNA, the goal is to follow existing protocols but also incorporate more recent insights that have increased the potential viability of this technology for a wider number of contaminants. This includes data supporting the first line of evidence for MNA (decreasing concentration trends over time at appropriate sampling locations), as well as data that will serve as secondary and tertiary lines of evidence for MNA. For the BioPIC update, a similar lines of evidence approach was developed, using information from literature and project‐specific data to identify the relevant lines of evidence. As part of the update, a model for predicting contaminant trends over time and distance, including a method to estimate site‐specific biodegradation rate constants for chlorinated ethenes, chlorinated ethanes, and 1,4‐dioxane, has been included within BioPIC. The quantitative software tool provides step‐by‐step technical guidance for collecting and evaluating other lines of evidence, including data associated with targeted14C assays, isotope fractionation, biomarkers for degradation, geochemical parameters, and co‐contaminant concentrations, to improve the MNA evaluation process.

Quercetin Attenuates Copper-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Autophagic Modulation.

An increase in anthropogenic activities results in metal contamination in the ecosystem which has proven to be a major health risk in humans, as they make entry into cellular organelles via agricultural products. Copper (Cu) is one such metal that acts as an essential cofactor for the activity of several enzymes, one being the cytochrome c oxidase. The increasing number of evidence suggests a substantial correlation of Cu overload with neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). We aim to explore quercetin, a well-known polyphenol, as an alternative for combating Cu-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y secondary cell lines. We observed that Cu increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, triggered morphological deformities and condensation of nuclei, caused an imbalance in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and finally induced apoptotic cell deaths. We further investigated the effects of Cu in modulating the pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bcl-2, etc. However, quercetin reversed these changes owing to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, resulting in autophagy induction as an outcome of upregulation of autophagosome-bound microtubules-associated protein light chain-3 (LC3II). Besides, we investigated the role of Cu in stimulating ER stress proteins, viz. PERK, CHOP, and the concomitant responses of quercetin in restoring the ER homeostasis in cellular organelles like mitochondria and ER, against Cu-induced toxic insults by modulating autophagic pathways. Overall, this research work proposes a remedial approach for Cu-mediated neurotoxicity through understanding the diverse molecular signaling inside a cell with an aim to develop effective therapeutics.

“El Viudo De Pescado”

“El Viudo De Pescado”

ОТ КЛАССИЧЕСКОЙ ДРАМЫ К «НОВОЙ ДРАМЕ»: ПОЭТИКА СЮЖЕТА В ПЬЕСАХ И. Н. ПОТАПЕНКО «ИСКУПЛЕНИЕ», Н. И. ТИМКОВСКОГО «ДЕЛО ЖИЗНИ», А. С. СУВОРИНА «ВОПРОС» И А. П. ЧЕХОВА «ВИШНЕВЫЙ САД»

The Article is a part of a broad historical and literary problem of ‟Chekhov and his literary environment”. The paper under discussion is devoted to a comparative study of dramaturgical methods used by playwrights of the turn of the XIX‒XX centuries and the determination of the vector of the writers’ artistic search. The research subject is the system of structural and typological features such an element of dramaturgical methods as plot in the plays ‟The Cherry Orchard” by A. P. Chekhov, ‟Redemption” by I. N. Potapenko, “The Work of Life” by N. I. Timkovsky and ‟The Question” by A. S. Suvorin, the methods affiliation with a certain type of dramaturgical system (classical and ‟new drama”). The aim of the investigation is analysis of the features of the structure of the plot in selected plays, comparing them with the principles of classical drama and ‟new drama”, and comparing the findings among themselves. The main method used in the paper is the method of structural and typological comparison. The ideological and thematic unity of the plays, the interconnection of some motives, plot elements are revealed. It is proved that of all the plays considered, only the plot of Suvorin’s play ‟The Question” corresponds to the principles of classical drama, while elements of decentralization are already observed in it due to a certain independence of the secondary plot lines. The plot models of the plays ‟The Atonement” by Potapenko and ‟The Work of Life” by Timkovsky occupy an intermediate position between the classical and the ‟new drama”. In both plays, an ‟inner plot” appears. Unlike the aforementioned playwrights, Chekhov's plot model is fundamentally different from classical drama. The main principle of the organization of the plot of ‟The Cherry Orchard” is the decentralization of plot lines. The most important is the internal plot: a person in the flow of time. In addition, all the plays are united by an invariant plot reflecting the Russian reality of that time, connected with the fate of the noble estate mortgaged for debts.

NOMA-Based Cooperative Relaying Transmission for the Industrial Internet of Things

With the continuous maturity of the fifth generation (5G) communications, industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology has been widely applied in fields such as smart factories. In smart factories, 5G-based production line monitoring can improve production efficiency and reduce costs, but there are problems with limited monitoring coverage and insufficient wireless spectrum resources, which restricts the application of IIoT in the construction of smart factories. In response to these problems, we propose a hybrid spectrum access mechanism based on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) cooperative relaying transmission to improve the monitoring coverage and spectrum efficiency. As there are a large number of production lines that need to be monitored in smart factories, it is difficult to realize real-time monitoring of all production lines due to insufficient wireless resources. Therefore, we divide the production lines into high priority and low priority, and introduce cognitive radio technology to increase the number of monitoring production lines. In order to better describe the wireless fading channel environment in the factory, the two-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) channel is discussed to simulate the real factory environment and the outage probability of the secondary production line data transmission is derived in the proposed mechanism. Compared with the traditional mechanism, the proposed transmission mechanism can ensure the continuity of the secondary transmission, greatly reduce the outage probability of the secondary transmission, and improve the efficiency of the monitoring of the production lines.

Karyotype and plasmotype characteristics in wheat-rye hybrids with the different structural organization of the nuclear genome

Aim. Genome structure analysis and plasmotype identification in wheat-rye hybrids of various types (triti- cale, secalotriticum) and ploidy level. Mcth0ds. Cytological and molecular-genetic analysis. Rcsults. The karyotype and plasmotype analysis was carried out in 11 stable lines of secondary recombinant hexaploid triticale with the introgression of D-genome chromosomes of the wheat (A/B/DRR, 2n = 6x = 42), 14 stable and highly productive secalotriticum lines of F6–16 generations (Secalotriticum, S/RRAABB, 2n = 6x = 42), 9 stable lines of tetraploid triticale (A/BRR, 2n = 4x = 28). By means of differential chromosome staining, the chromosomal composition of the experimental material was characterized and the intergenomic substitution and translocation of chromosomes were detected. The PCR-RFLP analysis of the 18S/5S mitochondrial (mt) repeat and the ndhH-region of chloroplast DNA showed that these organ- elle DNA regions are in the homoplasmic state and belong to rye-type cytoplasm in secalotriticum lines and wheat-type cytoplasm in tetraploid and secondary recombinant hexaploid triticale lines. C0nclusi0ns. Cytological and molecular genetic analysis revealed significant genetic diversity of the created gene pool of wheat-rye hybrids by nuclear-cytoplasmic structure. The synthesized linear material of wheat-rye hybrids may be used in cytogenetic research and practical breeding.

Public opinion on megaprojects over time: findings from four megaprojects in the UK

ABSTRACT Megaprojects, due to their size, scale, and technical complexity are expensive and controversial, and how they proceed over time is a key topic of interest. This paper seeks to identify the issues surrounding changes in public opinion over time and discusses a larger question on whether such knowledge can be generalized across projects. An automated text analysis technique called ‘sentiment analysis’ has been used to plot trajectories for four UK megaprojects from newspaper articles. The empirical setting includes two military and two (civil) infrastructure projects, allowing the exploration of differences between the two fields as a secondary line of analysis.

Multifragmentary patellar fracture has a distinct fracture pattern which makes coronal split, inferior pole, or satellite fragments

The present study aimed to map the location and frequency of fracture lines on the coronal articular and sagittal planes in multifragmentary patellar fractures. 66 multifragmentary patellar fractures were digitally reconstructed using the 3D CT mapping technique. The coronal articular surface and midsagittal fracture maps were produced by superimposing each case over a single template. Each fracture line was classified based on the initial displacement and orientation. We evaluated the frequency and direction of the fracture line, coronal split fragment area, and satellite and inferior pole fragment presence. Coronal articular surface fracture mapping identified primary horizontal fracture lines between the middle and inferior one-third of the articular surface in 63 patients (95.4%). Secondary horizontal fracture lines running on the inferior border of the articular facet were confirmed (83.3%). Secondary vertical fracture lines creating satellite fragments were mostly located on the periphery of the bilateral facet. Midsagittal fracture mapping of primary and secondary horizontal fracture lines with the main coronal fracture line revealed a predominantly X-shaped fracture map. The consequent coronal split fragment and inferior pole fracture were combined in most cases. In conclusion, the multifragmentary patellar fracture has a distinct pattern which makes coronal split, inferior pole, or satellite fragments.

İNSAN-DOĞA İLİŞKİSİ: HACI BEKTAŞ VELİ’NİN MAKALAT’ININ İNCELENMESİ

Hacı Bektaş Veli is one of the important philosopher of Turkish Islamic culture. It is known that he contributed to establishment of Bektashism order and guild of janissaires. He also trained a large number of caliphes and dervishes. In his work, named Makalat, Veli presents his views regarding the human and cosmos in addition to relationship between human and nature. Makalat means as a word “articles” . This work is named Makâlât-ı erba’în (in other words El- Makâlâtu’l-erba’ûn) which means “Forty Articles”. The work was written originally in Arabic language but then it was translated to Turkish. Knowledge about his writing belongs to himself is suspicious with the exception of Makalat. The Work, which is divided in eight part, also dwells on depiction of human. While stating that there are four type of people, it also presents that they all have different types of worships, demands and situations. Among the significant specialities of human, the work indicates that there are science, wisdom and heart. It is also stated in the work that people who don’t feel by heart everything in life are placed secondary line after animals. At the same time, Veli expresses that the human is the ultimate and greatest one among the things what God created. He displays many shared features between human and nature via instances in the work. In present study, Hacı Bektaş Veli’s views are explained through Makalat in terms of relationship of human-nature and the types of human. The aim of the study is to find out the analogy between human and nature by revealing Hacı Bektaş Veli’s human depiction. The study is a theorical one which rests upon literature research. While, his Makalat work is handled as primary resource, at the same time the study is strengthened by utilising from secondary resources on this work.

Barrel Instability in Binary Asteroids

Abstract Most close-in planetary satellites are in synchronous rotation, which is usually the stable end-point of tidal despinning. Saturn’s moon Hyperion is a notable exception by having a chaotic rotation. Hyperion’s dynamical state is a consequence of its high eccentricity and its highly prolate shape. As many binary asteroids also have elongated secondaries, chaotic rotation is expected for moons in eccentric binaries, and a minority of asteroidal secondaries may be in that state. The question of secondary rotation is also important for the action of the binary Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (BYORP) effect, which can quickly evolve orbits of synchronous (but not nonsynchronous) secondaries. Here we report results of a large set of short numerical simulations which indicate that, apart from synchronous and classic chaotic rotation, close-in irregularly shaped asteroidal secondaries can occupy an additional, intermediate rotational state. In this “barrel instability” the secondary slowly rolls along its long axis, while the longest axis is staying largely aligned with the primary–secondary line. This behavior may be more difficult to detect through lightcurves than a fully chaotic rotation, but would likewise shut down BYORP. We show that the binary’s eccentricity, separation measured in secondary’s radii and the secondary’s shape are all important for determining whether the system settles in synchronous rotation, chaotic tumbling, or barrel instability. We compare our results for synthetic asteroids with known binary pairs to determine which of these behaviors may be present in the near-Earth asteroid binary population.

Research on residual current detection system of substation alternating current power supply

Residual current monitoring of substation is essential to prevent electrical fire and plays an important role in the safety of substation. This paper studied residual current detection technology of substation AC power supply, and proposed a residual current detection system composed of three devices: sensing terminal, management terminal and monitoring terminal. The design could solve some difficult problems such as the secondary line caused by equipment installation, fault wave recording, fault location analysis, and early warning based on analysis of big data. The study could improve the intelligent level and maintenance efficiency of residual current monitoring in substation.

Outcomes and complications of severe acute postpartum hemorrhage treated with or without transarterial embolization in a single tertiary referral center: A 20-year experience

ObjectivePPH is usually unpredictable; and such fast, urgent and sudden massive life-threating hemorrhage. This study is to assess the efficacy of transarterial embolization (TAE) in treating severe PPH in a single institution over a period of 20 years. Materials and methodsFrom January 2000 to October 2019, all women with acute PPH more than 1500 cc and/or DIC were enrolled in this retrospective study. These women were divided into two groups according to whether they have received TAE as the second-line treatment. Group 1 (n = 27) included women without receiving TAE from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2009, and group 2 (n = 30) included those who receiving TAE from November 1, 2009 to October 31, 2019. ResultsThe overall success rate of TAE in control the PPH and preserved the uterus is 80%. The hemoglobin 12 h after PPH in group 2 is significantly lower than in group 1 (7.64 ± 1.6 vs. 8.58 ± 1.9, respectively. P = 0.05). Total unit of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion is significantly higher in the group 2 than group 1 (9.8 ± 5.7 vs. 6.8 ± 3.9; p = 0.03). The rate of hysterectomy is significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 (46.7 vs. 20%; p < 0.001). ConclusionIn conclusion, TAE is safe and effective in control bleeding in PPH with a high success rate to preserve uterus and prevent DIC. TAE should be routinely used as a secondary line of treatment during PPH in all hospitals.

Reduction in Arsenic Exposure by Domestic Water Purification Devices in Shanghai Area and Related Health Risk Assessment

Domestic water purification devices (point-of-use) are important choices for people to deal with sudden drinking water contamination. Especially for sudden heavy metal and arsenic contamination, home water purification units can play a key role as a secondary line of defense. Most of the arsenic removal studies are limited to meeting the requirements of local water quality standards and few studies have been conducted on arsenic removal from household water purifiers. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of arsenic in water at the end of the pipeline network in the Shanghai water supply area have been investigated. Three types of household water purifiers, mainly with membrane separation technology, were selected to treat the simulated arsenic contamination in tap water sources. The effects of pH and inorganic salts on arsenic removal were studied in comparison to the results of coexisting ion concentrations in tap water. The results showed that the total arsenic concentrations in different tap water samples range from 0.479–1.195 µg L−1, which is lower than the limit value for arsenic concentration set by China’s drinking water standard GB 5749–2006 (10 µg L−1) and by the World Health Organization (10 µg L−1). It is found that reverse osmosis and nanofiltration water purifiers were more effective in removing As(V), with removal rate above 97.7%, and less effective in removing As(III), the rate ranging from 40.1 to 56.3%. Preliminary validation was provided for the safety of household water purifiers in securing universal and sudden drinking water contamination. Domestic water purifiers are effective in reducing the risk of arsenic exposure in drinking water.

Structural, FTIR spectra and optical properties of pure and co-doped Zn1-x-y Fe x M y O ceramics with (M = Cu, Ni) for plastic deformation and optoelectronic applications.

We report here a considered novel study on the structural, FTIR spectra and optical properties of pure and co-doped Zn0.90-xFe0.1MxO with ((M = Cu, Ni and (x = 0.00, 0.10) and (0.00 < y < 0.20)) at different sintering temperatures Ts (Ts = 850 °C for series I and 1000 °C series II). Although the ZnO wurtzite structure is conformed for all samples, some secondary lines with little intensity are formed. But the number of these lines is higher for series I than for series II. The (c/a) value and U-parameter are almost constant for all samples, while Zn–O bond length L is slightly increased. The porosity and crystallite size are decreased by Fe, and also for (Fe + Cu) samples, and their values for series I are lower than for series II. The residual stress is tensile for most samples. Interestingly, the Young’s, rigid and bulk modulus, Poisson’s ratio and Debye temperature, obtained from FTIR analysis, are increased by Fe addition with a further increase for Fe + Ni) samples for both series. A ductile nature is obtained for pure, Fe and (Fe + Cu) samples; whereas a brittle nature is approved for (Fe + Ni) samples. On the other hand, the energy gap (Eg), residual lattice dielectric constant (εL) and carrier density N are increased by Fe addition, followed by a further increase for (Fe + Cu) samples, while the vice is versa for the inter-atomic distance R. For example, Eg was increased from 3.153 eV for pure ZnO to 3.974 eV for (Fe + Cu) samples (i.e., 0.821 eV more), while it was decreased to 2.851 eV for (Fe + Ni) samples (i.e., 0.302 eV less). A direct behavior is obtained between Eg and both elastic modulus (Y, β), lattice and micro strains (εL, εm), dislocation density (δ), residual stress (σ) and carrier density N, whereas a reverse behavior is obtained between Eg and both crystallite size (D), porosity (PS) and inter-atomic distance (R). These results are explained in terms of the generated blocked states of the conduction band as indicated by the Burstein Moss effect. These novel findings reveal that the co-doping has intense ZnO and moderate metal oxide modes in the ZnO matrix structure, which makes ZnO co-doped with (Fe + Cu) more suitable for gas sensors and optoelectronic devices. In contrast, ZnO co-doped with (Fe + Ni) samples is strongly recommended for altering plastic deformation. To our knowledge, the present investigation can be considered the first study and probably has never been discussed elsewhere, which highlights the present investigation.

DESIGN OF ANTENNAS FOR HYBRID FSO/RF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

The purpose of this publication is to create and correctly analyse a secondary RF line for a hybrid FSO/RF system. Since we want to ensure almost 100% functionality, the design of a secondary RF line is very important. In our case, we have chosen two types of antennas. First, it was a helical antenna that achieves a high level of efficiency and much smaller dimensions compared to horn antennas. The second type was just a horn antenna. Its advantages are high efficiency, high gain, and narrow width of radiation angle. However, large disadvantages are dimensions and the price of these antennas. However, in both cases, we can say that these antennas are suitable for deployment to our hybrid FSO/RF system.

Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 &lt;z&lt; 6.4

Rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission lines probe electron densities, gas-phase abundances, metallicities, and ionization parameters of the emitting star-forming galaxies and their environments. The strongest main UV emission line, Lyα, has been instrumental in advancing the general knowledge of galaxy formation in the early universe. However, observing Lyαemission becomes increasingly challenging atz ≳ 6 when the neutral hydrogen fraction of the circumgalactic and intergalactic media increases. Secondary weaker UV emission lines provide important alternative methods for studying galaxy properties at high redshift. We present a large sample of rest-frame UV emission line sources at intermediate redshift for calibrating and exploring the connection between secondary UV lines and the emitting galaxies’ physical properties and their Lyαemission. The sample of 2052 emission line sources with 1.5 &lt; z &lt; 6.4 was collected from integral field data from the MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep surveys taken as part of Guaranteed Time Observations. The objects were selected through untargeted source detection (i.e., no preselection of sources as in dedicated spectroscopic campaigns) in the three-dimensional MUSE data cubes. We searched optimally extracted one-dimensional spectra of the full sample for UV emission features via emission line template matching, resulting in a sample of more than 100 rest-frame UV emission line detections. We show that the detection efficiency of (non-Lyα) UV emission lines increases with survey depth, and that the emission line strength of He IIλ1640 Å, [O III]λ1661 + O III]λ1666, and [Si III]λ1883 + Si III]λ1892 correlate with the strength of [C III]λ1907 + C III]λ1909. The rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) of [C III]λ1907 + C III]λ1909 is found to be roughly 0.22 ± 0.18 of EW0(Lyα). We measured the velocity offsets of resonant emission lines with respect to systemic tracers. For C IVλ1548 + C IVλ1551 we find that ΔvC IV≲ 250 km s−1, whereas ΔvLyαfalls in the range of 250−500 km s−1which is in agreement with previous results from the literature. The electron densitynemeasured from [Si III]λ1883 + Si III]λ1892 and [C III]λ1907 + C III]λ1909 line flux ratios is generally &lt; 105cm−3and the gas-phase abundance is below solar at 12 + log10(O/H)≈8. Lastly, we used “PhotoIonization Model Probability Density Functions” to infer physical parameters of the full sample and individual systems based on photoionization model parameter grids and observational constraints from our UV emission line searches. This reveals that the UV line emitters generally have ionization parameter log10(U) ≈ −2.5 and metal mass fractions that scatter aroundZ ≈ 10−2, that isZ ≈ 0.66 Z⊙. Value-added catalogs of the full sample of MUSE objects studied in this work and a collection of UV line emitters from the literature are provided with this paper.

Exploring the effects of a home-based literacy intervention on the family literacy practices of Māori preschool children

This paper reports on findings from a study that explored the efficacy of a home-based literacy intervention in advancing preschool children’s foundational literacy skills. A secondary line of enquiry in the study sought to determine the effects of the intervention on the family literacy practices, in particular, the way in which families engaged with their children in shared book-reading, and the variety of literacy activities that occurred in homes. The intervention, adapted from Tender Shoots, consisted of two main areas of focus - one, named Rich Reading and Reminiscing (RRR), concentrated on stimulating children’s oral language skills, and the other, called Strengthening Sound Sensitivity (SSS), aimed to generate shifts in children’s phonological awareness abilities. Data sets were gathered with eight Maori preschool children and their families over a twelve-week period, which corresponded with the duration of the intervention. The study employed a crossover design, where four children and their families participated in the RRR component of the intervention, which ran for six weeks, followed by the SSS portion of the intervention. The remaining four children participated in the same parts of the intervention but in reverse order of delivery. The crossover approach established a control in the study, and allowed the effects of each part of the intervention on family literacy practices to be more clearly revealed. The findings showed the intervention resulted in positive shifts in family literacy practices. More particularly, families were more likely to use an interactive approach during shared book-reading, and incorporated elements of the intervention into their daily practice after the intervention had ceased.

EFFICIENCY MODEL FOR THE PROLIFERATION OF SECONDARY MARKET SUPPLY CHAIN – WITH REFERENCE TO THE INDIAN GARMENT CLUSTER

The growth of secondary market in retail garment trade has been a major boost to economic growth in developing nations. This paper highlights the importance of effective forward and reverse supply chain the garment sector as driver for this booming secondary market. A conclusive research technique has been adapted to study the supply chain practices followed in the garment business those in the primary and secondary market. Structural equation modelling is used to validate and test the proposed model for supply chain performance. Cluster sampling method was incorporated. Owners of garment manufacturing firms in and around Coimbatore, Tirupur, Salem, Bargur and Bengaluru region would form the respondent group. A structured questionnaire was given to them to understand their supply chain practices, supply chain flow velocity and flow efficiency and its impact on their business performance. The firms operating under uncertain circumstances in the secondary supply line have adopted practices which lead to appropriate velocity and efficient flow of money, material and information which has been proved through the testing of the model. The velocity and efficiency in the supply line has improved the performance thereby ensuring a more sustainable business for the firm operating in the secondary markets. This study has contributed in understanding the various dimensions of best supply chain practices and its effect on the flow velocity and flow efficiency of the money, material, and information in the secondary market garment supply chain. An assessment of the results of the study has opened a window to the operations of the secondary garment supply chain line in the Indian cloth market which have been more or less camouflaged under the primary market operations. The outcome of the research also shows that these secondary market players have evolved their own strategies to sustain in volatile and uncertain circumstances. These strategies have proved to be very effective in minimizing wastage and increasing profitability of the manufacturing firms. The implications of this study is bound to give much needed support and leverage to the frail and underperforming secondary garment cluster which is a major contributor of Gross Domestic Product and employment ratio.