Secondary Education Level Research Articles

Identification of Risk Factors for the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Palestinian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Although risk factors linked to diabetic retinopathy (DR) among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been extensively studied globally, the specific determinants of these factors in relation to DR in Palestine are presently not well understood. This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients who underwent DR screening with a fundus camera (VersaCam a). The study included patients aged ≥18 with T2DM, excluding those with other types of diabetes or a history of malignancies. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with DR. A total of 1163 patients with T2DM were included in this study. Of these, 211 (18.1%) patients were classified in the DR group, 761 (65.4%) in the no DR group and 191 (16.4%) were ungradable. Among the included patients, 434 (37.3%) were male. A secondary level of education or higher and a BMI ≥30 kg/m2, compared with <25 kg/m2, were independently and inversely associated with DR, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.46 (p < 0.001) and 0.58 (p = 0.046), respectively. A 5-year increase in the duration of T2DM correlated with 45% higher odds of having DR (p < 0.001). Patients with DR were more likely to have HbA1c >7%, be physically inactive and use insulin, with ORs of 1.63 (p = 0.02), 2.05 (p < 0.001) and 1.53 (p = 0.03), respectively. Age, gender, occupational status, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were not independent predictors of DR (p < 0.05). Longer duration of T2DM, HbA1c >7%, physical inactivity and insulin use were all independently associated with the presence of DR. Furthermore, a secondary or higher educational level and obesity demonstrated independent and inverse associations with the development of DR.

Creative Self-Perception of Spanish Secondary Teachers

Aim. The aim of this research is to analyse the creative self-perception of Spanish secondary teachers in different domains considering that creativity is increasingly being considered a key educational objective by organisations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) or educational laws, such as the recent Spanish one (Ministerio de Educación, Formación Profesional y Deportes Español, 2020). Methods. Participants were 100 Spanish in-service teachers at the level of secondary education. They completed the K-DOCS questionnaire (Kaufman, 2012), in which the self-perception of creativity in different domains (Self/Everyday, Scholarly, Performance, Scientific/Mechanic and Artistic) is assessed. The influence of variables such as gender, age, years of experience and area of teaching are analysed. Results. The analysis shows that Spanish secondary teachers have moderate-to-high perception of their own creativity. Although no statistically significant differences were found according to age or years of expertise, the scores in the Scientific/Mechanic domain were found to be significantly different according to gender. Separate creativity profiles were found for teachers with unrelated areas of expertise. Conclusion. This study aims to enhance understanding into the role of teachers in the promotion/hindering of creativity in classrooms. Results show a moderate creative self-perception with differences across domains, which logically conditions their conceptualisation of creativity and the importance given to it in classrooms. The importance of teacher training contributing to improve it is valued and key aspects are pointed out, such as the relevance of promoting a Centre Creative Plan with specific actions of a transdisciplinary nature in schools.

Factores asociados a la calidad de atención en el servicio de laboratorio clínico de un centro de salud de Jaén, Perú

Objective. Determine the perceived quality of care and sociodemographic characteristics of users of the clinical laboratory service of the Centro de Salud Pucará, Jaén, Peru, 2023. Material and methods. Non-experimental and correlational study in a representative and probabilistic sample of 197 external users. The quality of care was measured with a SERVQUAL scale validated for the clinical laboratory service; while the sociodemographic variables and provision through a structured interview guide. Results. The sample was characterized by a median age of 37 years, predominance of the female sex (60.4%), married marital status (54.8%), level of secondary education (53.8%), Castilian ethnicity (69.0%) and type of continuing user (73.6%). 37.6% (95%CI=30.8 - 44.4) and 28.4% (22.1 - 34.7) perceived good and poor quality of care, respectively. An association was observed between the type of user and poor quality of care (p=0.012), where the new user was twice as likely to perceive poor quality of care compared to the continuing user (p=0.001; RPa=2, 01; 95%CI=1.33 - 3.05). Conclusions. Two to three out of every 10 external users in the study population expressed poor quality of care, which was related to the type of new user.

Peran Mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Pada Kegiatan Asistensi Mengajar Sebagai Alternatif Pengembangan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Siswa Di SMKN 4 Kota Bima

Abstract Teaching Assistance is one of the programs from Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka or known as MBKM. This program was opened with the aim of providing students with the opportunity to learn by developing themselves outside campus through Teaching Assistance in secondary school level education units under the guidance of field supervisors. The methodology for implementing Teaching Assistance carried out by KKN students at the Bima College of Economics at SMKN 4 Bima City is the preparation and implementation method. During the implementation of teaching assistance activities at SMKN 4 Bima City, assistance students have played a role and participated in various programs at the school. In the activity stage, students provide material about entrepreneurship so that students' understanding of entrepreneurship is more open, and this activity is also carried out in practical form, namely school students are taught how to create an innovative product by utilizing local potential, namely marine products. Apart from the product manufacturing process, students are also taught the product packaging process so that the product is suitable for marketing to consumers. Overall, the Teaching Assistance activities carried out by Bima College of Economics KKN students at Bima City Vocational School 4 went well.

Perception and Barriers to Spectacle for Remedy to Refractive Eye Problems among Patients Accessing Refration at the Ophthalmology Units of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital and Specialist Hospital Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Background: Spectacles stands as the economical, effective and generally tolerable method of refractive errors correction. The research purpose is to appraise the perception of spectacle lens for remedy to refractive errors among patients accessing refraction at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital and Specialist Hospital Bauchi.  Methods: The study adopted descriptive survey research design; with convenient and purposive sampling techniques in participants’ selection. Three hundred and eighty-four (384) male and female patients, aged 18 to 80 years, accessing refraction at the Ophthalmology Units of the hospitals comprised the respondents; with average age of 46.0±15.4 years and 47.9% were females. Questionnaire generated through the literature review was adopted in accessing the participants’ demographics, perception and barriers to spectacles utilisation. Relationships between outcome variables were investigated using Pearson chi-square test at 95% confidence level and p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: Great number of the respondents (80.0%) were of the perception that spectacle lens would worsen their vision, but the elderly age group (87.5%), secondary (66.7%) and tertiary (75.0%) educational levels disagreed. There was association between respondents’ educational level and perception of spectacles in the area of ‘spectacle inconveniences and would lead to blindness (X 2=66.79, p-value=0.0000).  Conclusion: Educational level and age played significant role in the respondents’ positive perception of spectacle lens for refractive errors’ correction. The study recommended patients counselling on the benefits of managing refractive errors with spectacles so as to eliminate associated misconceptions with its use.

Serological Evidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Capsid Antigen (EB-CA) Among Pregnant Women from Cottage Hospital, Ilorin

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty This study reveals a significant Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) prevalence among pregnant women attending Cottage Hospital in Ilorin, with 95.69% of participants testing positive for anti-EBV IgG antibodies. Notably, the highest prevalence was observed among younger women, those in the first trimester, individuals from polygamous families, and those with lower educational levels. These findings underscore the need for increased community awareness and improved personal hygiene practices to reduce EBV infection rates and associated congenital defects. Full Abstract Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a member of the Herpesvirus family, has been observed to be increasing among pregnant women, leading to congenital defects. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of EBV infection among pregnant women attending Cottage Hospital in Ilorin. A total of 45 pregnant women were tested, and questionnaires were administered to volunteer subjects after obtaining their informed consent. Approximately 5 ml of blood was aseptically collected via venous puncture from the antecubital fossa and dispensed into EDTA containers. Plasma was separated after centrifugation of the blood, and the obtained plasma was screened for anti-EBV IgG antibodies using ELISA techniques. Results revealed that 43 subjects (95.69%) tested positive for EBV, while 2 (4.4%) tested negative. Among different age groups, women aged 19-20, 26-30, and 36-40 showed a prevalence rate of 100%, with the lowest prevalence of 88.8% recorded among the 31-35 age group. Regarding the pregnancy stage, 100% was seen among first-trimester participants, while the lowest prevalence of 92.3% was noted during the third trimester. The majority of respondents were married, with those from polygamous families and single individuals showing a prevalence of 100%. Participants with primary and secondary education levels displayed the highest prevalence, while those with tertiary education had the lowest. Muslims had the highest prevalence, whereas Christians had the lowest. Moreover, regarding occupation, the unemployed, artisans, and students had the highest prevalence, while civil servants and businesswomen had the lowest prevalence. In conclusion, the results from this study highlight a notable prevalence of EBV (IgG) antibodies among pregnant women. These outcomes emphasize the necessity of raising awareness in the community about the implications of EBV infection and the Significance of maintaining proper personal hygiene to mitigate the chances of infection and spread

Relationship between Principal’s Technical Skills and Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Mt Elgon Sub-County

Student academic performance in secondary level of education is essential as it is a determinant of their future pathway to tertiary education. The effective performance of students in academics is dependent on the technical leadership skills that their principal applies in leading their schools. Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations by public secondary schools in Mount Elgon Sub County has been below average in recent years. The aim of this paper was to investigate how technical skills of principals affected the academic performance of students in public secondary schools in Mount Elgon Sub County, Bungoma County, Kenya. The study is anchored on descriptive survey research design targeting 17 public secondary schools in Mount Elgon Sub County. A total of 256 teachers formed the study population. A sample size of 152 teachers was selected based on Kathuri and Pals table. The respondents were selected through use of stratified random sampling technique. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. To ensure validity and reliability the questionnaire was send to an expert in the pilot study and test- retest method was conducted respectively. Analysis of data was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS (Version 25.0) for quantitative data. It was established that there was significant weak positive relationship between principals’ technical skills (r=0.248, p=0.006) and academic performance of students in public secondary schools in Mount Elgon Sub County. The study concludes that there was significant weak positive relationship between principal’s technical leadership skills and performance by students in secondary schools (p&lt;0.05). This meant that the technical leadership skills application by principals influenced academic performance of their schools. The study recommends that principals should undergo training on ICT use, principals to ensure that they provide instructional guidance to teachers and ensure that prudent financial management practices are implemented in their schools.

Factors influencing consumer choices and food safety awareness in street-vended foods: A case study of Meru town, Kenya

The consumption of street-vended foods is common in many developed and developing countries, including Kenya. This study investigated the food safety knowledge of street food consumers (SFCs) and the factors influencing their choices of street-vended foods in Meru town, Kenya. A total of 456 respondents were randomly selected from different streets in Meru town to participate in this study. Data collection was carried out through in-person interviews using pretested structured questionnaires. The results of the survey revealed that a significant proportion, 79.2% of the participants were consumers of street vended foods. In addition, the study found a gender disparity that 58.8% of respondents were male and most of them had a primary or secondary education levels, while the majority of the female respondents reported that they had obtained college education. Furthermore, the majority of the respondents were self-employed (48.7%) and earned between KES 10,000 (USD 74) and KES 20,000 (USD 148) per month. The study also found that the average weekly expenditure on street-vended foods was estimated at KES 694.25 (USD 5.14). There was a highly significant association between the income range of the SFCs and their education level (p &lt; 0.001), age category (p &lt; 0.001) and employment category (p &lt; 0.001). Education level (p=0.0274) and age (p=0.0205) of the SFCs were significant factors in predicting the personal hygiene knowledge scores of the SFCs. About 31.6% of consumers reported being sick once or twice a month after eating street foods. The study revealed that convenience, cost, quantity, hygiene and service were important factors considered by SFCs when purchasing street vended foods. The findings of this study offer valuable insights that can inform the development of appropriate strategies and policies aimed at promoting food safety awareness and ensuring the availability of safe and hygienic street-vended foods in Meru town, Kenya.

Characteristics of the labor market in Croatia and contemporary external migration

The paper analyzes the characteristics of the labor market in Croatia, the changes in the demographic potential of the working-age population, and the structural determinants of the labor system. The movement of the number of able-bodied, active and inactive population from 2013 until today, points to a trend of decreasing the able-bodied contingent, economic activity and unemployment of the population, and an increase in employment. The analysis showed that the structural problems on the labor market in Croatia are an insufficiency of educational staff, structural unemployment, youth unemployment, and the mismatch between the supply and demand of jobs. Such characteristics of the work system influenced the movement of the determinants of external migration in Croatia, especially after 2013. Simultaneously with the strengthening of emigration, the number of immigrated persons also increases, so that from 2013 to 2022, their number amounted to about 195 thousand of mostly foreign citizens. We can establish that we are talking about free economic migrations and an increased inflow of labor, mostly unskilled workers, which makes up for the lack of domicile workforce.Structural-selective unemployment in Croatia can be analyzed on a general level according to age groups and according to education, and on a specific level, through indicators of the skills mismatch on the labor market. The total unemployment rate in Croatia has experienced a significant decline since 2013, and current unemployment is the lowest in the youngest working age, and the highest in the age over 40. Compared to 2013, the share of unemployed persons with primary and lower secondary education in Croatia is continuously decreasing, the share of unemployed persons with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education levels is slightly falling (with frequent oscillations), while the share of unemployed persons with tertiary education is increasing. Problems on the labor market in Croatia have been noticeable after the global economic crisis of 2008 and its high unemployment, and in the last ten years also in the areas with a low level of economic activity of the population and a lack of domestic labor for the functionality of certain sectors of activity.On the other hand, the structure of the emigrant contingent, in which the young and able-bodied population predominates, points to the outflow of labor force of medium and high qualification levels. The review of research on recent emigration confirms the complex conditionality of leaving Croatia, and among the main factors a group of economic ones arising from the macroeconomic situation and structural deficiencies in the labor market stands out. In addition to economic factors, other types of factors are strengthening, which is why the continuation of the emigration of the Croatian population and the immigration of the foreign population are likely to be expected. The isolated and presented indicators and trends point to the complexity of the relationship between economic and labor factors, contemporary migration patterns and demographic characteristics of the resident population, in accordance with previous theoretical and empirical knowledge.

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Cesarean Section among Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Nepal

Background: There has been a global rise in caesarean section (CS) rates including Nepal. Though caesarean birth reduces maternal mortality and morbidity but is associated with short and long-term risks. The main objective of this study was to find out the prevalence and factors associated with caesarean section among women admitted at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at postnatal ward of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital. Women who had either vaginal or caesarean birth during the study period were included in the study. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was adopted to include 178 women. Data were collected through face-to-face interview technique and hospital records. Descriptive and chi-square analysis were done to find out the factors associated with caesarean birth. Results The mean age of women was 24.64 (± 4.64) years. In majority, both the woman and her spouse had acquired secondary-level education which was 43.3% and 46.1% respectively. Few (14%) of the women were working. Half of the women were primiparous and few (14%) had a prior history of cesarean birth. More than half (51.7%) have ANC visits more than 4 times. More than one-third (37.1%) women have had their labour induced. The prevalence of CS was 38.2%. The major indications for CS were previous CS and fetal distress which were 23.45 and 20.98 respectively. Variables such as age, education, parity, and previous CS were significantly associated with CS with p-value ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: The overall magnitude of CS in this study exceeds the WHO-recommended critical threshold of 10-15%. Age, education, parity, and previous CS were significantly associated with cesarean birth. A judicious decision is an utmost priority while selecting a case for primary CS as it is evident that previous CS has the highest likelihood of having subsequent CS.

Оюутнуудын спорт тоглоомын төрлүүдийн техникийн гүйцэтгэлд хийсэн дүн шинжилгээ

Sports improve a person's physical development, affect their ability to respond to complex situations, and allow for the development of management skills to make correct decisions quickly. Therefore, some types of sports should dominate in the high school physical education curriculum. This research aims to study today's 17 to 18-year-old college students' abilities in sports in the area of (1) passing, dribbling &amp; shooting a basketball, (2) the ability to pass and serve a volleyball, and (3) the ability to change direction and passing techniques in football. A complex set of exercises based on the minimum skills to be mastered by the physical education curriculum at the basic &amp; secondary education levels was developed and used in the study of 204-216 students. The results find students' abilities in performing certain sports skills as follows: the ability to pass a basketball - above-average, the ability to shoot from dribbling - below-average, and female students performing at a lower level than their male counterparts. Statistically significant differences between gender and performance were observed during complex basketball drills. In football, the ability to change the direction of the ball was well below-average, the ability to pass the ball to be above-average; with 29% of male students and 45% of female students had low or insufficient ability to perform complex football exercises at higher speeds. In volleyball, passing and serving skills were all above-average. This study proves that the expected results of the proposed physical education program are not fully implemented in sports other than volleyball.(?)

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL BEHAVIOR AND UPBRINGING OF UPPER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Introduction: The roles of father and mother strive for equality in educational activities. However, they are different in terms of parental behaviors that are discussed in this study as well as in terms of circumstances of intrusive behavior and professional education, where differences in their inductive reasoning were determined.Objective: Examine the relationship between parental behavior and the upbringing of children in upper grades of elementary school.Method: The research was conducted in Kamen-Šineelementary School, Split, the Republic of Croatia. 102 respondents-parents participated in the research, 16.7% of whom were fathers and 82.4% were mothers, while one person did not declare the type of gender (male of female). The instrument used for thepurposes of the research was the Parental Behavior Questionnaire URP29.Results: The research showed that there was a statistically significant difference in intrusiveness between fathers and mothers. Mothers showed significantly more intrusive behavior compared to fathers, but on the other hand, no statistically significant difference in punishment was found due to parents' gender. No statistically significant difference was found in warmth, autonomy and parental knowledge with respect to the level of education, while a statistically significant difference was found in inductive reasoning with respect to the level of education. Parents with a secondary education level showed significantly more inductive reasoning compared to parents with a higher educationlevel. No statistically significant difference was found between the other groups.Conclusion: Mothers have more control over their behavior and the imposition of it, while fathers are more flexible in raising their children. Parents with secondary education level provide their children with greater support and the possibility of choice. Parental education that is full of care and love will enable the healthy development of children.Keywords: connection, parental behavior, upbringing of children, elementary school

Teacher education for disability-focussed anti-oppressive pedagogy: the case for reconceptualisation

Disability Studies scholars have extensively analysed how people with disabilities are oppressed in societies that devalue them. Teachers can promote change in thinking by presenting people with disabilities as people with multiple identities and experiences who are frequently oppressed. This paper explores how teachers can change their thinking and Reconceptualise their practices to this end. It reports on a two-year teacher education programme implemented in Cyprus. The participants were 59 teachers from pre primary, primary and secondary levels of education. The study analysed discussions with teachers held in seminars, lesson plans and the researcher’s diary. The findings suggest that teachers questioned dominant oppressive practices, became critical of and proposed alternatives to oppressive materials, began to think in terms of anti-oppressive Approaches, and planned and implemented anti-oppressive lesson plans. The discussion draws the connections between the findings and relevant research to consider changes that can advance teacher education for inclusion.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Math Game Berbasis Android

Most students consider mathematics as a difficult subject to understand, unpleasant and tends to be boring. Many students consider mathematics as a boring subject because all discussions of mathematics involve numbers and examples. This concept applies to all levels of education, both elementary, secondary and higher education. The purpose of this training is to explain methods that can increase students' interest in learning mathematics. The solution provided in this training is to help mathematics teachers in implementing mathematics learning using android games. The methods used in this community service are observation, planning, implementation and evaluation. Based on the results of this community service, it is concluded that the application of learning aids using a mathematics learning platform on an android game will increase students' interest in learning mathematics. This is evidenced by the increasing percentage of students who achieved the KKM above after the training. Before the training, the pre-test results showed that the proportion of students who scored above the KKM was only 20%. After guidance, the post-test results showed that the percentage of students who passed the KKM reached 85%. The benefit of this training is that it can increase students' interest in learning mathematics so that students do not view mathematics as a difficult and boring subject

Validation of the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Questionnaire (GDMKQ) among Filipino Patients in a Tertiary Medical Center.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication with adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. Currently, there are only a few validated tools available that address knowledge in GDM. Recognition of the inconsistencies will provide an effective learning program to achieve optimal results. This study aimed at validating the "Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Questionnaire" (GDMKQ). A cross-sectional validation study on GDMKQ among 51 GDM patients aged at least 18 years was conducted in the outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital. Excluded were those with pre-existing diabetes. The questionnaire was submitted for peer review for translation to Filipino and back-translation. Concurrent validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the questionnaire were undertaken as part of the validation process. Descriptive analysis was used for data elaboration by using SPSS v23. The Filipino version of GDMKQ demonstrated sensible content and face validity. As measured, respondents obtained higher total and domain scores with better knowledge levels of GDM compared to its English version. Overall adequate knowledge was observed among those married and college subgroups as compared to single women and those with secondary levels of education. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated at 0.632 using the Kuder-Richardson 20. The test-retest scores using the Filipino-translated questionnaire have a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.853 with moderate to good level of agreement with each other, and Cohen's kappa of 0.564 with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.828. The Filipino-translated version of GDMKQ is a valid screening tool that assesses a patient's knowledge on gestational diabetes. Identifying the level of their understanding will enable clinicians to develop an individualized, effective learning program to improve pregnancy outcomes.

The Application of Contemporary Methods According to the Curriculum for the Course of the Albanian Language in Primary Education

The curriculum field "Languages and communication" for primary education enables students to develop simple skills, such as: the difference between literary and non-literary texts, the recognition of the basic language system forms (phonetics, morphology, syntax), the development of expression skills through different linguistic means.This curricular area in primary education, based on the Curricular Framework, contains the following courses: mother tongue, first foreign language (English language, German language). This field also prepares students for functional, clear and substantive communication. Given the importance of using modern teaching methods, we intend to treat this research paper from the point of view of the application of contemporary methods in the Albanian language course, which we consider necessary for the identification of activities that influence the implementation of the curriculum in the course of the Albanian language. In order to carry out the research, we use the qualitative and quantitative method, preparing a questionnaire for the teachers of the Albanian language at the level of primary and lower secondary education, more precisely of grades VI-IX, in the Municipality of Gjilan, Vitia, Kamenica and Ferizaj. We also do a partial observation during the lessons wiin the Albanian Language course. From the findings of the research, we consider that contemporary methods are applied in the teaching of the Albanian language subject in primary education.

Engagement personas in patients living with atrial fibrillation and multimorbidity, and their caregivers: results from the AFFIRMO international online survey

Abstract Introduction Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) often experience concomitant long-term health conditions. Their level of engagement, defined as their active role in the management of their condition, is crucial in identifying strategies to improve their care and self-management; similarly, the engagement level of their caregivers is also important. Purpose The AFFIRMO study aims to examine ways of optimising care and self-management for AF patients with multimorbidity by identifying characteristics of engagement personas for patients and their caregivers. Methods An online survey, distributed between June 2022 and January 2023, open to AF patients and their caregivers in five countries (UK, Italy, Denmark, Romania and Spain) collected data related to patients and caregivers’ engagement in the healthcare process using the Patient Health Engagement Scale® (PHE-s), the Altarum Consumer Engagement (ACE), and the Caregiver Health Engagement Scale® (CHE-s). Patients and caregivers were grouped into ‘high’ and ‘low’ engagement groups, based on scale-specific cut-off values, and compared by age group, sex, level of education and country of recruitment, using Chi-square tests (p&amp;lt;0.05). Results 659 patients (311 (47.2%) male, 70.9 (10.2) years), and 201 caregivers (54 (26.9%) male, 58.3 (15.2) years) participated. Based on the PHE-s®, 428 (64.9%) were classified as ‘high’ engagement level. Patients in the high engagement group were significantly more likely to be male, aged &amp;lt;75 years, have secondary level education or above, and have &amp;lt;3 co-morbidities; no differences in engagement level based on country of recruitment. Based on the ACE scale, 369 (56.0%) were categorised as ‘high’ engagement level. Those with ‘high’ engagement were significantly more likely to be &amp;lt;65 years old, living in Northern Europe, educated to degree level or above, and had &amp;lt;3 co-morbidities, with no sex differences in engagement level. One hundred thirty-eight (68.7%) caregivers reported ‘high’ engagement. However, there were no significant differences between sex, age group, region of recruitment, or level of education between high and low engagement in caregivers. Conclusions Identification of engagement personas of patients and their caregivers could help to develop better management pathways for AF patients with multimorbidity.Table 1.Level of engagement

RESULTS OF A STUDY OF STUDENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESSFUL PREPARATION FOR THE ALL-RUSSIAN OLYMPIAD OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SAFETY

The article presents the results of psychological and pedagogical research conducted as part of the work of the regional experimental platform “Improving the Organisational and Pedagogical Conditions for Preparing Schoolchildren at the Levels of Basic and Secondary General Education to Participate in the Final Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren in Fundamentals of Life Safety” at Lyceum No. 419 of Saint Petersburg named after K. M. Kalmanov. The research included an analytical interview with the teaching staff aimed at analysing the experience of participation in the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren and the prospects of work in this direction, and psychological diagnostics of students designed to study personal characteristics and motivation that contributed in effective preparation for the Olympiad. The results of the study made it possible to develop a portrait of a successful participant of the Olympiad in life safety and the system of his/her psychological and pedagogical support.

The transformative potential of textbooks

Education is recognized as crucial in addressing unsustainable practices, such as food waste. One of the aims of interdisciplinary food education in basic education is to promote sustainable food waste behavior, which can be promoted by transformative learning. This study examined how food waste is addressed in nine Finnish basic education textbooks. The content related to food waste and the pedagogical style of the texts were analyzed from home economics, biology, and geography textbooks designed for secondary level education (grades 7–9, age 13–16). The results were analysed to assess their potential to promote transformative learning. All of the textbooks approached the topic of food waste from the perspective of their own subject, and none presented it as an interdisciplinary phenomenon. Home economics textbooks focused on students' perspectives, emphasizing food waste reduction and waste sorting. Geography textbooks frequently explored the topic in the context of the food supply chain or at a global level, while biology textbooks primarily addressed the sorting of food waste. The textbooks primarily used a neutral text style focusing on information transmission. In some contexts, a persuasive style was employed to encourage critical thinking and action. The participative style, which encourages active student engagement, was utilized the least in all textbooks, and primarily for exercises. By integrating learning-supportive text styles (such as participative and persuasive), including student tasks related to food waste, and fostering an interdisciplinary understanding of food waste, textbooks have the potential to transform student learning and engagement in sustainable food practices.

#1590 Human papilloma virus vaccination rates in kidney transplant recipients

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney transplant recipients are predisposed to chronic infections and malignancies because they receive chronic immunosuppressive therapy. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. HPV is a significant cause of cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and head and neck cancers in kidney transplant recipients. HPV vaccine prophylaxis has an important role in preventing HPV-related diseases in renal transplant patients, with a 70-100% rate. Vaccine prophylaxis is recommended before or after kidney transplantation. In our country, HPV vaccination in kidney transplant recipients seems to be a neglected issue. We first determined the HPV vaccination level of the transplant recipients we follow. We compared it with the current guidelines. We aimed to evaluate the adequacy of pretransplant and/or post-transplant vaccinations. Method Our study is a cross-sectional survey study. Between March 15 and April 15, 2023, 170 patients who applied to Ankara City Hospital Kidney Transplant outpatient clinic were included in our study. The questionnaire form structured by the researchers was applied to the patients by face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire consisted of questions about the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, their level of knowledge about human papillomavirus vaccines and their vaccination rates. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22, with statistical significance set at p &amp;lt; 0.05. Results 170 patients participated in our study. Participants were between the ages of 18-43 years. 51.8% were male and 48.2% were female. 72.9% were married and 27.1% were single. 78.8% of the patients had an income below 9,000 TL. 34.7% had high school education or higher. The most common reason for transplantation was hypertension with 30.5%. 75.9% of the patients stated that they did not know the necessity of HPV vaccine. Again, 80% of the patients stated that they did not receive information about HPV vaccine before or after transplantation. Among these, 130 patients did not want to get vaccinated, with 79 of them mentioning the cost as the reason for not getting vaccinated. Only 4.1% of the patients had received HPV vaccination before or after transplantation. More than half of those who were vaccinated (57.1%) reported having received the quadrivalent vaccine and had received two doses. It was found that the mean age of patients who received HPV vaccine (32.0 ± 6.83) was statistically significantly younger than the mean age of those who did not (47.3 ± 12.69) (p = 0.034). Those with an education level of high school and above received HPV vaccination at a significantly higher rate than those with a lower education level (p = 0.037). Similarly, in the question about the necessity of HPV vaccination and in the question about whether they received information about HPV vaccines, the rate of those with high school and above education level (32.3%) who answered yes to the question was statistically significantly higher than those with secondary school education level (13.5%) (p = 0.004). Conclusion Our study found that both male and female kidney transplant recipients lacked sufficient knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccines, with very low vaccination rates. We believe that the vaccine's age-specific administration in two or three doses, its high cost, and the necessity of payment have negatively affected HPV vaccination rates. HPV, causes various infections and cancers, making it crucial to raise awareness about HPV vaccines. Especially primary health care services should be used more effectively, education programs should be organized and individuals should be directed to vaccination.