Hydrogen has been long recognized as a potential chemical fuel to meet worldwide energy needs while reducing (and eventually eliminating) CO2 and other GHG emissions. It is widely used by petroleum refineries in upgrading processes, necessary to facilitate the hydrotreating/catalytic hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon molecules, and the reduction of sulfur content. Hydrogen, as a secondary energy carrier, doesn’t exist in an elemental form in the environment to an appreciable extent, but can be produced by reacting a variety of widely available primary energy carriers with water or by using renewable energy sources, either directly or indirectly. At an industrial scale, three major technologies are presently used to produce hydrogen, depending on the primary energy sources or available feedstock: coal gasification, natural gas steam reforming, and water electrolysis. Petroleum coke (or petcoke), similar to coal, is a byproduct of refinery processes. The U.S. refineries produce more than 125,000 short tons petcoke per day (st/d). With a low heating value (LHV) of 6.024 MMBtu/barrel (equivalent to 8.826 MWhr/st), petcoke produced in the U.S. potentially is worth 17,689 MW electricity assuming 40% efficiency. However, due to larger activation energies, higher sulfur content and less volatile materials than coal, petcoke is not a desirable feedstock for the conventional coal-burnt power plant and more than 62% of petcoke was exported annually. Instead of purchasing hydrogen over the fence, a refinery potentially can build on-site hydrogen production infrastructure directly utilizing its available resource (petcoke). Materials & Systems Research Inc. currently has been developing an advanced hydrogen production process built-upon the solid-oxide electrochemical technology with reduced energy consumption and low costs for CO2 separation & sequestration. In this talk, a scalable hydrogen production process will be discussed. Proof-of-concept demonstration of hydrogen production at a 200W stack level will also be presented.