Secondary Survey Data Research Articles

Determining the risk factors of under-five morbidity in Bangladesh: a Bayesian logistic regression approach

PurposeChild morbidity prevents Bangladesh from reaching the target for the Sustainable Development Goals (target 3.2) despite the country’s success in reducing child mortality rates. As a result, it's crucial to consider a child's health-related issues. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence and factors associated with under-five child morbidity in Bangladesh.MethodsThe Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018, a secondary cross-sectional survey data, was used in this study, which collected information using a two-stage systematic sampling design. After association test, Bayesian estimation of binary logistic regression model was used to identify the significant risk factors of morbidity among under-five children, and a trace plot was used to try to figure out the convergence of simulation.ResultsAccording to the prevalence analysis of this study, it can be noted that more than one-thirds of under-five children in Bangladesh suffered from at least one of the child health-related problems, and of these, the highest prevalence of child morbidity was found in the Barisal division of Bangladesh (~ 42%). According to the Bayesian logistic regression results, higher child age and maternal education are associated with a potential decrease in the risk of child morbidity in Bangladesh. Again, male children had a 7% higher risk of morbidity than female children. Another finding was that underweight children suffered 31% more fever/diarrhea/ acute respiratory infection (ARI) related problems than others.ConclusionsAccording to this study’s findings, child morbidity is still a significant issue in Bangladesh. Therefore, progress on risk factors, such as maternal education, child nutrition, etc., should be the focus of policymakers' intervention.

Impact of credit access on farm performance: Does source of credit matter?

Access to credit is crucial to improve farm performance as it allows farmers to procure inputs and technology. However, on the empirical front, evidence of the impact of agricultural credit access remains scanty. This study examines how access to credit from formal and informal sources influences the productivity and technical efficiency of maize farming in ten major maize-producing provinces in Indonesia. Secondary Food Crops Survey data by Statistics Indonesia were employed and analyzed using a quasi-experimental approach, i.e., the propensity score matching (PSM). The estimation shows that agricultural credit access improves farm performance. In fact, the ability to obtain credit from institutions increased productivity and technical efficiency more effectively than from informal sources. This study suggests that agricultural credit access remains relevant in Indonesia and needs to be improved continuously.

Men's Health in Northern Ireland: Why do we need a men's health policy?

Males accounted for half the United Kingdom population in 2021 yet they fail to be prioritised in health and social policies. As examining the health of males and females collectively falls short in accounting for the complexities associated with gendered health outcomes, male health should be considered as a separate policy issue. The island of Ireland has two jurisdictions, the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (NI); however, only the former has implemented a men's health policy. As well as a policy vacuum within NI, few studies have comprehensively examined male health. To address this shortcoming, a narrative review of males' physical and mental health trends in NI is presented to determine the need for a men's health policy. A collation of secondary administrative data and survey data was conducted. The narrative review highlights the importance of utilising a holistic framework to understand men's health. Key findings include high male suicide rates and young males being more likely to report certain mental health problems. The study concludes that a male health policy is needed. To achieve this, a Health Impact Pyramid was developed, and it illustrates practical steps that can be taken to support decision-makers, service providers and individual males.

Unveiling the spatial divide in open defecation practices across India: an application of spatial regression and Fairlie decomposition model

ObjectiveThe study contextualises the spatial heterogeneity and associated drivers of open defecation (OD) in India.DesignThe present study involved a secondary cross-sectional survey data from the fifth round of the National...

Alternative Route Programs Within Special Education Teacher Preparation: A Systematic Literature Review

In the United States, there exists a chronic shortage of qualified special education teachers to provide instructional services to students with disabilities. One policy solution developed to increase the number of qualified teachers is “alternative routes,” which are broadly defined as nontraditional and accelerated preparation paths to obtain a teaching license. In this systematic literature review, the authors synthesize empirical studies from 2005 to 2021, examining factors associated with alternative route programs specific to special education. First, an economic framework for the special education workforce is established. This is followed by a descriptive summary of alternative route research nested within the broader teacher labor markets. Then, a systematic literature search on alternative routes for special education teachers is analyzed. The authors found that most studies examined the role of teacher preparation cost (e.g., cost-effectiveness, federal spending), human capital (e.g., recruitment of culturally diverse teachers, location-specific capital), and program design (e.g., collaboration between stakeholders, technology). Furthermore, studies largely investigated alternative route program characteristics affiliated with institutions of higher education. The majority of researchers employed quantitative methods to analyze secondary state or survey data, while two studies used qualitative methods, and two utilized mixed methods. Implications for future research and policy recommendations needed within the recruitment and preparation of special education teachers are discussed.

Mental health and well-being in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic among different population subgroups: evidence from representative longitudinal data in Germany

ObjectivesTo examine potential deteriorations in mental health and well-being in the first COVID-19 pandemic year compared with the previous decade focusing on the following vulnerable subgroups in Germany: women with...

Employment Potentials, Innovation, and R & D Expenditure in Nigeria: Evidence from Indigenous Microenterprises

This study examined employment potentials of indigenous micro-enterprises in Nigeria as an alternative approach to tackling the menace of unemployment in Nigeria. Nigeria is a country with a relatively young population, with a median age of 18 years, which is lower than the African and global averages of 20 and 31 years respectively. A youthful population suggests a strong labor force; with the labor force population of around 70 million in 2020. Providing enough productive jobs for this young demographic (aged 15-29 years) and rising labor force is a challenge; more than 30 million young Nigerians were reported to be unemployed in 2021. As a result of this rapidly growing labor force, job creation is frequently on the top burners of policymakers and governments' development agendas. The dataset employed in the study is a secondary survey data exclusively from the TETFUND Report (2020). In order to achieve our objectives, we employed ordered logit and ordered probit as well as descriptive statistics. We thus found that improved innovation capabilities of these firms were found to result in increase in their employment potentials. Also, increased investment in R&D leads to rise in employment generating potentials of these entities, and adoption of superior foreign technologies in their operations equally improves the chances of the firm to generate employment. As a result, we recommended that there is need for government to offer technical assistance to these enterprises through trainings and workshops to horn their skillsets and build innovation capabilities that result in improved employment potentials. They need to be motivated to commit a sizeable part of their lean resources into activities such as training and re-training of employees that enhance innovation capabilities and employment potentials of these entities.

What influences public support for plastic waste control policies and green consumption? Evidence from a multilevel analysis of survey data from 27 European countries

Abstract Purpose This study investigates the influence of individual- and country-level factors on citizen members’ attitude and actions regarding plastic waste. At the individual level, it assesses the influence of the diversity of environmental news use from traditional media, online social networks, and other internet sources on the public’s support for policy and green behaviors related to plastic waste. Design/methodology/approach We utilized secondary survey data collected from 27 European countries by Eurobarometer. Results The two-level analysis show that several individual factors including gender, age, political ideology, risk perception, and most importantly diversity of sources in environmental news use, from all three types of media sources, was positively associated with participants’ policy support and green behaviors related to plastic waste. This research also found the influence of several country-level variables on green behaviors toward plastic waste. Implications When assessing support for plastic waste control, various factors at both levels (i.e., country and individual) need to be considered to mobilize the public. Findings suggest extending the theoretical model of social cognitive theory to include more country-level factors especially in cross-national comparison. Originality/value This study shed lights on understanding factors that could influence public policy support and green behaviors with regards to plastic waste.

Information and communication technology in agriculture: awareness, readiness and adoption in the Kingdom of Bahrain

PurposeInformation and communication technologies (ICT)-presented technological developments, such as soil sensors, remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, have shown the potential to increase crop output and quality while consuming fewer resources and having a smaller environmental impact. The first step in ushering in a new era of technological advancement in the agricultural sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain is evaluating how prepared farmers and farm owners are to adopt these technologies. Therefore, the current study examines how ICT are prepared, accepted and adopted in agriculture in the Kingdom of Bahrain.Design/methodology/approachThe study's goals were attained by using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. A survey was created to learn more about the present state of ICT usage in agriculture, including its awareness, readiness, acceptance and adoption. To strengthen the conclusions and investigate the current situation related agricultural behavior, production and the use of information technology (IT) to support agriculture in the chosen farms, four exploratory field visits were made. Additionally, a strength-weakness-opportunities-threat (SWOT)-threat, opportunities, weakness, strength (TOWS) analysis was performed to evaluate the Kingdom of Bahrain's readiness and long-term plans for implementing ICT in agriculture. On the basis of secondary data, survey data and interview findings, SWOT-TOWS were created.FindingsThe findings revealed insufficient knowledge and awareness about ICT in agriculture. Despite the high level of digital infrastructure readiness in Bahrain, farmers are not ready to adopt sophisticated devices and complex applications such as crop sensing tools, the internet of things (IoT) and AI; however, there is a strong acceptance among farmers to implement new ideas and agriculture approaches.Originality/valueThe Arabian Gulf Countries, which are characterized by an arid environment, sporadic vegetation, weak soil and a lack of water supplies and arable land, have few studies that explore the crucial role of ICT in growing the agricultural sector. Considering the influence of ICT on the provision of more productive agriculture in a challenging and complicated environment, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by conducting an empirical investigation that addresses an urgent issue. The study is considered one of the few in the countries of the Arabian Gulf to address this subject.

Tackling the challenges of assessing socioeconomic impacts of farmland restoration: The case of Malawi

This research explores the potential of using the secondary household survey data to identify key socioeconomic indicators for tracking farmland restoration progress in Malawi since 2017. A two-year panel data for the periods between 2016–2017 and 2019–2020 was created for the analysis, building on data collected from Malawi’s Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS). An initial data analysis shows that estimated average Household Restoration Intensity Score (HRIS) increased from 2.05 in 2016 to 2.24 in 2019, indicating increased intensification of farmland restoration at the household level over time. The average Food Consumption Score (FCS) of all the households also significantly improved over time, rising from 43.19 in 2016 to 47.43 in 2019. A Difference-in-Difference (DiD) model was developed to quantitatively estimate the causal effects of the farmland restoration interventions on the socioeconomic improvement of rural households. Overall, the model shows some promising results. All four regressions generated statistically significant results regarding the positive impact of restoration interventions over time on four socioeconomic indicators, including food and non-food expenditure, crop sales, and FCS at the household level. However, the model results should be interpreted with care due to clear caveats on secondary household survey data. In response, this study recommended three concrete ways that surveys can be improved to collect data that is relevant for assessing the socioeconomic impacts of farmland restoration. This study also calls for urgent global actions to construct a robust restoration monitoring and evaluation system that will allow systemically monitoring and tracking socioeconomic improvements resulting from restoration interventions in a consistent manner over time.

Good results come to those who weight: on the importance of sampling weights in empirical research using survey data

ABSTRACT Many empirical studies in tourism research use primary or secondary survey data. Generally, non-response is not random in the target population, so sampling weights are required to adjust for endogenous sampling. However, it is yet unclear in which situations survey weights should be applied. This paper proposes two simple tests to detect whether weights are truly needed. The relevance of weighting for correct inference and how to perform the tests are illustrated using two case studies that employ large-scale survey microdata on travel habits by European residents from the Flash Eurobarometer. First, we investigate the correlates of travel frequency paying attention to the role of age. Second, we study cross-country heterogeneity in the factors that motivate European citizens to consume peer-to-peer accommodation services. Our findings have important implications for research practice, and the proposed tests can be easily applied in case studies to detect the need for sampling weighs.

Marketing and Customer Sustainable Value Co-creation as Tools for SDGs Achievement: The Case of BTS and ARMY

The aim of this paper was to explore how celebrity marketing and customer brand co-creation can help companies achieve the SDGs. First, insights on value creation, celebrity marketing for sustainability and sustainability co-creation were gathered. Second, a simple theoretical model with the customer at the center was suggested, contributing to the theory-building for marketing and customer brand co-creation for sustainability. The model included points where brands can embed sustainability and interact with customers, elements involved in choosing a celebrity messenger and factors that can help identify cooperation potential. Third, additional insights for the model were gathered from a case study of sustainability promotion by BTS, artists from HYBE corporation, one of the leaders in the entertainment industry, and the involvement of their fandom ARMY as an important stakeholder. Secondary survey data available online was used to get insights into the fandom’s interest in conscious involvement in sustainability-related matters. The findings indicate that some of the elements of the developed theoretical model, namely, engagement online-offline, brand interactivity, and match of personal values, were present in the reviewed case. A brief analysis of comments to two sustainability-related videos featuring BTS performed with the use of YouTube API and R indicated that the UN speech, future, generation and positive sentiments mentions were present among the most frequent words. As this research is explorative in nature, it could benefit from future studies with a more in-depth analysis of the BTS-ARMY case or looking into different cases, as well research further developing the model for specific settings.

Supply chain collaboration and supply chain finance adoption: the moderating role of information transparency and transaction dependence

Purpose Although supply chain collaboration (SCC) theoretically boosts the adoption of supply chain finance (SCF) through information sharing and cost savings, many companies with good supply chain partnerships still hesitate to engage in SCF. To disentangle this puzzle, this study aims to explore how two dimensions of information transparency (i.e. information quantity and information quality) and two types of transaction dependence (i.e. dependence on suppliers and dependence on customers) influence the relationship between SCC and SCF adoption. Design/methodology/approach This study uses secondary survey data from a Chinese bank, including 464 Chinese companies that have adopted SCF to varying degrees. This study then performs the logistic regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Findings This study empirically confirms that SCC shows a positive relationship with SCF adoption. More interestingly, information quantity negatively moderates this positive relationship, whereas information quality positively moderates this positive relationship. Most surprisingly, dependence on customers rather than dependence on suppliers strengthens this positive relationship. Originality/value This study makes theoretical contributions to the SCF literature by demonstrating the distinct moderating mechanisms regarding the relationship between SCC and SCF adoption. The findings also help companies reexamine their interactions with supply chain members.

Patient Safety Culture: The Impact on Workplace Violence and Health Worker Burnout.

Patient and health care worker safety is an interconnected phenomenon. To date, few studies have examined the relationship between patient and worker safety, specifically with respect to work safety culture. Therefore, we examined patient safety culture, workplace violence (WPV), and burnout in health care workers to identify whether patient safety culture factors influence worker burnout and WPV. This cross-sectional study used secondary survey data sent to approximately 7,100 health care workers at a large academic medical center in the United States. Instruments included the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, a WPV scale measuring physical and verbal violence perpetrated by patients or visitors, and the Emotional Exhaustion scale from the Maslach Burnout Inventory. These analyses included 3,312 (47%) hospital staff who directly interacted with patients. Over half of nurse (62%), physician (53%), and allied health professional respondents (52%) reported experiencing verbal violence from a patient, and 39% of nurses and 14% of physicians reported experiencing physical violence from a patient. Burnout levels for nurses (2.67 ± 1.02) and physicians (2.65 ± 0.93) were higher than the overall average for all staff (2.61 ± 1.0). Higher levels of worker-reported patient safety culture were associated with lower odds of WPV (0.47) and lower burnout scores among workers (B = -1.02). Teamwork across units, handoffs, and transitions were dimensions of patient safety culture that also influenced WPV and burnout. Our findings suggest that improvements in hospital strategies aimed at patient safety culture, including team cohesion with handoffs and transitions, could positively influence a reduction in WPV and burnout among health care workers.

The Value Paradigm of the Future: Bioconservatism or Transhumanism?

The exponential growth of technologies and the rapid pace of the introduction of these technologies actualizes the discussion about how human values will change in the future and which of the new concepts of transhumanism or bioconservatism is the closest to explaining and constructing these processes. The article compares the basic values of transhumanism and bioconveratism as diametrically opposed concepts of attitude to human nature and the possibility of its correction. The author uses secondary survey data on the value orientations of the Russians in the study and forms her model of the distribution of values of transhumanism and bioconveratism in two categories – values of conservation and values of development. Based on the study of the distribution of respondents’ choices, we established that the values of transhumanism designated as the values of development are more relevant for the Russians than the values of conservation (bioconservatism). The value of this research lies in an attempt to go beyond the theoretical framework of research on this issue with the help of instrumental methods. The author concludes that studies combining empirical data and their philosophical and theoretical analysis may become promising in the future. The article focuses on the fact that differences in the value attitudes of people of different communities and cultures can become insurmountable obstacles to the formation of a global homogeneous value paradigm in the future. One of the concepts presented might become decisive at this stage of society’s development, which seems premature and unfounded. Interest in the ideas of transhumanism and bioconservatism as a response to the transition to NBICS technologies will grow. However, the author thinks that the change in the value system of society in accordance with one of the concepts may happen very slowly, the traditional values may prevail.

An empirical investigation of regional differences in consumption behaviors in an emerging economy

AbstractWidely regarded as one of the most dynamic economies in Southeast Asia, Vietnam has increasingly attracted scholarly interest from diverse business disciplines. However, previous marketing research on Vietnam largely treats the country as a homogenous society. We draw on the literature in sociology, geography, history and predict that significant regional differences exist in consumers' consumption behaviors between the North and South of Vietnam, bearing important implications for international marketers. Using secondary survey data collected by an international market research firm, we show that consumers in Hanoi (HN) and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) differ greatly in how they perceive the impact of an economic crisis, how they change their consumption behaviors as a result, and whether they will cut back on spending on themselves, their families, and children. Our results also demonstrate that HN and HCMC consumers differ in their attitude toward luxury product consumption, attitude toward advertising, and marketing versus non‐marketing controlled sources of information. Our research provides important implications for both managers and researchers interested in this fast‐growing economy.

Social and environmental indicators of the Jaboatão river water basin associated with diseases related to inadequate environmental sanitation (DRIES)

Located in the Southern Mata region of the state of Pernambuco, the Jaboatão River Hydrographic Basin (JRB) has an area of 442 km². Part of the group of small coastal rivers (GL2), the JRB drains the municipalities of Recife, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Moreno, São Lourenço da Mata, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, and Vitória de Santo Antão. In addition to contributing to the public supply of the Metropolitan Region of Recife, the JRB receives domestic, industrial and agro-industrial effluents along its route. The JRB runs through densely occupied municipalities with irregular land use and deficiencies in infrastructure, reflecting social, economic and environmental problems. The objective of this study is to make a diagnosis of the socio-environmental indicators in the JRB and correlate them with the main waterborne diseases related to the lack of basic sanitation. The study involved a literature review and a survey of secondary data. Regarding the water quality of the JRB, it was found to vary between Polluted and Very Polluted during the monitored period. With regard to environmental impacts, deforestation, waste dumping and irregular occupation of riverbanks were observed, causing problems for the fauna, flora and the population. In relation to the basic sanitation indicator in the municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes, among the obstacles raised was the fact that the municipality does not have a Municipal Policy on Basic Sanitation and the Jaboatão dos Guararapes Municipal Administration does not have a Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan; There is a scarcity of systematized information that supports the process of measuring environmental health; between urban and rural areas there are disparities in access to sanitation services, requiring the adoption of public policies to expand sanitation services in order to assist these populations and thus promote the universalization of sanitation access. The deficiency in basic sanitation in the municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes hinders local sustainable development, causing social, economic and environmental impacts. Regarding the number of hospital admissions caused by diseases related to inadequate environmental sanitation (DRIES) in the municipalities that are part of the JRB, Recife stood out with 13,191 hospitalizations in the study period, and in 2010 had the highest number of hospitalizations (2,204). With regard to the number of deaths caused by DRIES, Recife also stood out with 4,208 deaths during the study period.

“I Have Only Checked after the Event”: Consumer Approaches to Safe Online Shopping

ABSTRACT Online shopping has now become very common, with consumers increasingly opting to purchase products on the World Wide Web instead of visiting traditional “bricks and mortar” stores, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has, however, also provided significant opportunities for offenders to abuse the inherent trust-based nature of online shopping, whereby consumers typically do not see the products physically prior to purchasing them. As such, this article sets out to examine the actions and behaviors that individuals take to prevent online shopping fraud and what, if any, discrepancy exists between prevention messaging and consumer behavior. To accomplish this, the study utilizes secondary survey data (n = 3478 respondents) obtained from a private-sector initiative called ScamAdviser. The results find that many respondents do not use appropriate behaviors to reduce their risk when shopping online and that furthermore there is reason to believe that consumers are not served well by the online safety advice that they are given. The paper argues that there is scope to increase guardianship through better prevention advice being communicated to online shoppers.

Strategic Approaches to Safeguarding the Digital Future: Insights into Next-Generation Cybersecurity

This research investigates various strategic approaches to protecting the digital future and offers insights into the practices of the next generation of cybersecurity. The study's primary objectives are to identify key challenges and trends in the current cybersecurity landscape, evaluate the effectiveness of traditional cybersecurity approaches, investigate emerging technologies for enhancing cybersecurity resilience, examine human factors in cybersecurity resilience, and develop recommendations for future cyber defense. All of these objectives will be accomplished through the course of the study. To analyze strategic approaches to cybersecurity, the study uses a methodology based on a survey of secondary data and synthesizes the current literature from recognized sources. Among the most significant discoveries are the significance of incorporating new technologies, addressing human aspects, encouraging collaboration, and emphasizing risk management. Policy implications include promoting cooperation and the exchange of information, investing in emerging technologies, raising awareness about cybersecurity, building regulatory frameworks, and boosting international cooperation through the promotion of international cooperation. According to the findings of this study, organizations, policymakers, and other stakeholders looking to improve their cybersecurity resilience and effectively protect the digital future can benefit from the insightful insights and practical advice provided.

Decent Work in the South African Macroeconomy: Who are The Winners and Losers?

Concerns related to the future of work has precipitated various studies aimed at ensuring that the labour market is a place where people can earn a living, work in dignity, and flourish as human beings. Studies on labour market inequalities and how macroeconomic policies can be used to address such inequalities are also plentiful. What macroeconomic studies have often failed to do, however, is highlight the differences between individuals in the labour market. This is important, especially in an economy with large inequalities, such as South Africa. These inequalities are further entrenched given that wage employment is the primary mode of income generation for the majority of households in South Africa. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in quality of work at the microeconomic level in relation to changes in the macroeconomy, using a decent work index built from secondary labour force survey data. The data show that changes in the macroeconomic policy environment coincide with differential outcomes for different groups of workers in the labour market, with women benefitting in terms of quality of work during times in which the government undertakes an expansionary fiscal approach, although only in occupation groups which are male-dominated. The study also finds, however, that in some occupation groups, quality of work does not change in relation to shifts in the macroeconomy. The study highlights the need for microeconomic analyses to inform macroeconomic policies to ensure that expected outcomes are distributed in the intended way.