First Person Singular Research Articles

An Analysis of Deixis Used by an English Teacher at Methodist Junior High School, Banda Aceh

The English teacher uses English to deliver the material. This delivery process can cause misunderstandings among students due to their different backgrounds in English comprehension. In this regard, this study wants to find out whether, in the delivery of material in the classroom, the teacher uses the element of deixis in each of her speech during the learning process. This study aims to discover the types and dominant types of deixis used by the English teacher at Methodist Junior High School Banda Aceh. This research uses a qualitative research design to investigate deixis in the utterances of an English teacher at Methodist Junior High School Banda Aceh. To collect the data, the researcher used documentation. The result of this study showed that all types of deixis proposed by Cruse (2000) are found in the English teacher’s utterances in the classroom. There are 265 words that have deixis, including 184-person deixis, 27 spatial deixis, 11 discourse deixis, 39 temporal deixis, and 4 social deixis. It can be said that person deixis is the most frequently used by English teachers at Methodist Junior High School Banda Aceh. Summarily, it is evident that the English teacher at Methodist Junior High School Banda Aceh applied Cruse’s theory to types of deixis.

ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS ON THE CHARACTERS IN BRAVE MOVIE

Deixis refers to the need for contextual information to understand certain words and phrases in an utterance. This research aims to analyze the types and functions of deixis in the movie Brave by using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection is done by watching the movie, reading the transcript, and categorizing the dialogue based on the type of deixis by using Levinsons method. Through dialog and gesture analysis, this study highlights how deixis is used strategically in the movie Brave to connect the storyline and guide the audience's interpretation. The findings are compared with previous research on deixis in song lyrics, newspapers and other movies, illustrating similarities and unique aspects in the context of Brave. This research emphasizes the role of deixis in enhancing narrative coherence and audience engagement, positioning it as an important tool in film analysis and storytelling. The research categorizes 60 instances of deixis into five types-person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis-with personal deixis identified as the most common among them.

Love at first sight: A text analytical study of campaign title impact on crowdfunding success

crowdfunding has become an increasingly common source of financing for entrepreneurs, yet it entails fierce competition among campaigns on crowdfunding platforms. Previous research has investigated how crowdfunding success is affected by factors such as the campaign attributes creator information and online communication between creators and backers. Yet little work has addressed the effect of campaign titles on backers’ financial commitment and crowdfunding success. This study focuses on four textual characteristics (length, innovativeness, person deixis, and expression tone) of campaign titles and their influence on crowdfunding outcomes. The empirical analysis of 73,581 Indiegogo campaigns shows that title length has an inverted U-shaped effect on crowdfunding success. Words related to innovativeness and second person deixis in campaign titles increase the likelihood of crowdfunding success, while the expression of a pleading tone has a negative effect. Findings demonstrate the importance of campaign title and specific textual characteristics in attracting the attention of potential funders, providing theoretical and practical implications.

Deixis Reflected in The Grammarly Advertisement Video Script

Advertisements are crafted to influence and engage audiences through various linguistic strategies. This study investigates the use of deixis in a Grammarly advertisement video, focusing on how different types of deictic expressions contribute to the narrative and effectiveness of the advertisement. Using Levinson's (1983) framework, the research categorizes deictic expressions into five types: person, place, time, discourse, and social deixis. The qualitative content analysis reveals that person deixis helps establish character identities and relationships, while place deixis provides spatial context, enhancing the audience's ability to visualize scenes. Time deixis ensures chronological coherence and builds suspense, and discourse deixis maintains narrative continuity and focus. Social deixis highlights social relationships and hierarchies, adding depth to interactions. The findings underscore the importance of contextual information in interpreting deictic expressions and demonstrate how deixis enhances communication in advertising. This study contributes to the understanding of Pragmatic language use in promotional content and offers practical insights for creating more engaging and effective advertisements.

An Analysis Of The Movie "Toy Story: Lamp Life" By Disney

This research is a deixis analysis which is one of the sciences of semantics. This study aims to classify deixis, to find the dominant deixis in movie, and to discover is there any deixis that can not found in the movie. This research use qualitative descriptive strategy as the method. Researcher used a movie from Disney entitled "Toy Story: Lamp Life" as a medium for researching deixis. There are 5 types of deixis; person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. Through the analysis process, 65 deixis person, 4 time deixis, 5 place deixis, and 6 discourse deixis were found. In this study, researcher used qualitative research method. The number of dialogues containing deixis is 80 dialogues. After researcher classify the data, researcher found the dominant deixis in the movie "Toy Story: Lamp Life" is person deixis, and the deixis can not found is social deixis. Based on the result of the analysis, it is conclude that the movie are have so many deixis that the students can use it to be a media to learn deixis in semantic learning. Keywords: Linguistics, Semantics, Deixis, Movie.

Roman épistolaire et ethos discursif : interprétation stylistique de "La voie de ma rue" de Sylvain Kean Zoh

Epistolary "Novel and Discursive Ethos": Stylistic interpretation of La voie de ma rue by Sylvain Kean Zoh The aim of this article is to conduct a stylistic analysis of the discursive ethos presented in the epistolary novel "La voie de ma rue" by Ivorian writer Sylvain Kean Zoh. Specifically, it examines how the main character constructs a nuanced ethos through a letter that raises awareness about street children. This analysis focuses on the interplay between fragility and resilience within the character's discourse. Here, ethos refers to the image crafted by a speaker to be perceived and understood through their speech. This study employs stylistics as a literary approach to scrutinise and interpret the linguistic resources exploited by the writer. The central question addressed is how linguistic and enunciative-discursive elements serve to shape ethos, inviting stylistic interpretation within the framework of the epistolary novel. The article argues that discursive ethos, a concept rooted in ancient rhetoric, is richly explored and invested in La voie de ma rue. The ethos portrayed in this work is distinctive, rooted in the protagonist's challenging life experiences as a self-described wanderer. The construction of ethos is notably influenced by the specific spatio-temporal contexts in which the subject evolves. For instance, the childhood locales evoke an ethos of fragility, whereas the character’s experiences in the capital city foster an ethos of resilience. In the familiar places of his childhood, the character articulates a discourse amidst an ethos of fragility. However, upon unexpectedly finding himself in the capital, he begins to develop a narrative of resilience within his discourse. This analysis posits that the stylistic examination of ethos in the epistolary novel is facilitated by various literary devices. Among these, deixis, rhetorical questions, axiological lexis, and affective modalisation are identified as particularly significant in shaping and conveying the ethos of the protagonist's narrative. The findings revealed that the stylistic analysis of discursive ethos in Sylvain Kean Zoh's "La voie de ma rue" reveals how the protagonist, through his wandering journey, shapes the notions of ethos regarding fragility and resilience. The text explores various linguistic and enunciative techniques such as personal deixis, rhetorical questions, negations, and evaluative terms, all playing crucial roles as textual dominants. The influence of spatio-temporal context on ethos construction is notable, transforming childhood places into foundations of fragility ethos, and the capital city into a catalyst for resilience ethos. Through life's trials, the narrator-character, an early orphan, evolves from initial fragility to affirmed resilience, shaped by his urban environment. "La voie de ma rue" thus demonstrates how the epistolary novel can be effectively studied through a stylistic analysis focused on discursive ethos.

The discourse functions of simple copulas in Dzongkha

Abstract The marking on copular verbs in Tibetic languages is regarded as an exemplar of egophoricity, although the extent to which it has been grammaticalized varies between languages. Dzongkha, a southern Tibetic language, is somewhat atypical of the egophoric pattern in the sense that the basic opposition in copulas exhibits a mirative pattern, wherein the non-mirative (egophoric) copula occurs with all grammatical persons in declaratives and interrogatives, and the mirative (non-egophoric) occurs with the 3rd person and rarely with 1st and 2nd persons. The conversational data studied for this paper also show that the speaker need not take knowledge stances that bifurcate the world between objectively ‘old’ and ‘new’ knowledge and the attendant associations of knowledge with a particular grammatical person. Rather, the speaker’s representation of events is subjective, and dependent, in part, on the knowledge stances between speaker and respondent. What is in view in conversational interaction are the social goals of the conversation — assertions, face-saving strategies, and arriving at mutually shared knowledge — and the Dzongkha copulas are a manipulable linguistic resource in achieving these.

Identifikasi Deiksis Persona pada Film Pendek Aku dan Mesin Waktu: Kajian Pragmatik

This research aimed to identify persona deixis in the short film entitled "Aku dan Mesin Waktu. Deixis is words that take meaning from the speech situation, whether in the form of person, time or place) when the words are used. The method in this research used a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection technique in this research used the listening and note-taking technique, while the data analysis technique in this research used data transcription procedures, data classification, data analysis and drawing conclusions. The results of this research found first person deixis (Aku/-ku, me, me, I and kita), second person deixis (Kamu/-mu, lo, and Mereka), third person deixis (Dia, Nya, and Mereka). ). The most dominant person deixis is first person deixis.

Ragam Dieksis dalam Dunia Robohnya Surau Kami: Studi Kasus pada Karya A.A. Navis

Language is a communication tool that connects messages between the speaker and the listener through various pragmatic contexts such as interpersonal relationships, event backgrounds, discussion topics, and communication media. Lexicons in speech often contain numerous references, especially deictic lexicons that rely on context for accurate interpretation. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to explore the various styles of deictic language in the short story "Robohnya Surau Kami" by A.A. Navis, avoiding the use of numerical statistics and focusing more on qualitative analysis of the findings. From this analysis, the researcher identifies various types of deixis, such as Personal Deixis, Place Deixis, Time Deixis, Discourse Deixis, Social Deixis, True & Non-True Deixis, and Kinesic & Symbolic Deixis in the work.

An Analysis of Deixis in "Who I Am" Song Lyrics by Alan Walker, Putri Ariani and Peder Elias.

Songs are among the most widely used forms of media in society to convey ideas and emotions which can draw pragmatics attention. The objective of this research is to analyze the types, and the dominant type of deixis used in song lyrics of “Who I am” by Alan Walker, Putri Ariani and Peder Elias. The researcher elects the song as the object of the analysis because the song is the result of collaboration among three talented singers and one of them is from Indonesia, Putri Ariani. The music video had been watched more than 32 million times and was included in the YouTube Music trending ranks. This research uses qualitative research method. In data collection technique, the researcher uses document analysis. All the types of deixis encompassing personal pronoun, social, discourse, place, and time deictic expressions were found in the song lyrics of “Who I am” by Alan Walker, Putri Ariani and Peder Elias. In person deixis, the deictic expression are personal pronoun. The results of the research indicated (1) there are 99 data of five deixis types found in song lyrics of “Who I am” by Alan Walker, Putri Ariani and Peder Elias, consisting of: 49 data (49.49.7%) of person deixis, 6 data (6.06%) of spatial deixis, 32 data (32.32%) of temporal deixis, 1 word (1.01%) of social deixis, and 11 data (11,11%) of discourse deixis. Thus, the personal deixis (49 deictic words or 49.49%) was the most frequently used deixis.

Pragmatic Choice of Diction and Deictic Elements in Select Covid-19 Media Discourse in Nigeria

Recent scholarly works on Covid-19 media discourse and medical discourse have only focused on the use of neologisms within the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and language use that investigates communication and exchange of shared background knowledge as important factors between doctors and their patients. This paper investigates the pragmatic choice of words and the various contexts in which deictic elements have been employed by members of Nigeria's Presidential Task Force on Covid-19 to convey meaning with the public. As a pragmatic study, attention is given to the mood aspect, using Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to elicit the potential motivations behind the pragmatic choice of words of the speakers. This paper analyses a total of 92 utterances from four speeches of the Nigeria's Presidential Task Force on Covid-19 members delivered at one of their live telecast press briefings on Tuesday, 27th April 2020, were taped and transcribed for analysis. The utterances were analysed with antconc software, which provided a frequency tally of the specific deictic elements used in the speeches. The findings of this study on the one hand, indicate that speakers at the press briefing used person deixis such as I, We, and Us in both inclusive and exclusive contexts to demonstrate pity for the public and to pragmatically connect with the public as if both the speech producers and the public are engaged in a serious battle against Covid-19. On the other hand, our grammatical analysis revealed the use of military diction, leading the researcher to conclude that the members of the Nigerian Presidential Task Force on Covid-19 assume State authority for themselves.

Persona Deicsis in The Novel Merindu Baginda Nabi Works of Habiburrahman El Shirazy A Review of Pragmatics

Merindu Baginda Nabi is a novel by Habiburrahman El Shirazy which contains various forms of deixis in every speech event made by the perpetrator or character of the story. This research aims to describe the form and function of persona deixis in the novel Merindu Baginda Nabi by Habiburrahman El Shirazy. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique used was note-taking. The data analysis technique in this research uses descriptive techniques. The research results show that the novel Merindu Baginda Nabi by Habiburrahman El Shirazy contains various forms of persona deixis, namely: singular and plural first person deixis, singular and plural second person deixis, and singular and plural third person deixis. The singular first person deixis, namely saya, aku, -ku, and ku-, was identified in 71 data, while the plural first person deixis, namely kita, kami, and kami semua, was identified in 31 data. The singular second person deixis, namely kamu, kau, and -mu was identified in 45 data, while the plural second person deixis, namely kalian, was identified in 10 data. The singular third person deixis, namely dia, beliau, ia, and -nya was identified in 31 data, while the plural third person deixis, namely mereka was identified in 9 data. The functions of persona deixis are: 40 identified referential functions, 102 identified emotive functions, and 55 identified conative functions. The novel Merindu Baginda Nabi by Habiburrahman El Shirazy predominantly uses the form of first person singular deixis and the function of personal deixis is in the form of an emotive function because the author tends to write speech that has the role of the speaker and focuses more on the feelings or attitudes of the speaker in his speech.

Alternating mechanism of person deixis in Persian interactions: A cognitive-dialogic account

By examining the employment of personal deictic terms in Persian interactions, this study focuses on the dynamic and emerging uses of them in order to shed some light on how to interpret the construction of interpersonal relations of Persian speakers. More importantly, it aims to account for the alternation mechanism between paradigmatic pronouns of lowering and elevating one's status within a single interaction. A cognitive-dialogic analysis of approximately 20 h of everyday conversations and videotaped broadcasts reveals that interlocutors' use of personal deictic terms is a fluid, emergent, and contingent practice, governed by at least six possible interactional factors: i) the speaker's emotions, ii) the speaker's situational intentions, iii) the prior speaker's turn, iv) the shift of discourse topic, v) bystander(s), and vi) the message content. Interlocutors' emergent shift from lowering into elevating terms and vice versa brings about a fluctuation of interpersonal relationships in the course of interaction. By taking these factors into account, this study shows that each usage of lowering and elevating terms conveys multiple, but distinct referential and indexical meanings about the interactants and the context in which it occurs. It also reveals that Persian speakers are aware of the potential indexical meanings of these terms, and that they use them (un)consciously and strategically to define, negotiate, or reshape their social relationships. Above all, this study argues that interlocutors' (inter)subjectivity essentially regulates the alternation of using lowering- and elevating-deictic forms.

Deixis in Most Rev. Dr. P. K. Boafo’s Address at the 50th Annual Conference of the Methodist Church, Ghana

This study examined the use of deixis in Most Rev. P. K. Boafo's address at the 50th annual conference of the Methodist Church Ghana. Most Rev. Dr. Boafo is the Presiding Bishop of the Methodist Church Ghana. It is a descriptive qualitative study which employs the textual analytical method. Hank's (2005) deictic field was employed in the analysis. The findings revealed that Boafo systematically sets up the deictic field by issuing several persons, spatial, temporal, social and discourse deictic elements in a subsequent plain field referred to as "ground zero". The Bishop's deployment of deixis in the address creates a deictic field where the congregation is thrust at the deictic centre, and the Bishop and his administration are set in binary opposition. The placing of the congregation at the deictic centre and the use of the person deixis such as "we", "our", and "us" create a closer relationship and harmonious management of the Church and, thus, bring the Bishop and the Church closer to the deictic centre where the congregation assesses his administration and himself favourably as a competent, spiritual and godly leader.

An Analysis of Deixis in “Beauty and The Beast” Movie Script

Deixis has an important role to build the communication process. This research aimed to find out the distribution of scenes, types of deixis are often found and distribution of deixis in all sections of Beauty and The Beast movie script by using Cruse theory (2000). This research used a descriptive qualitative method. The object of this study is Beauty and The Beast movie script by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos. Documentation and checklist were used in data collection. The results showed that the distribution of scenes in the Beauty and The Beast movie script are found in the orientation section, complication section, rising action section, turning point section and resolution section. Coda is not found in this movie. Then, person deixis, social deixis and spatial deixis are the most dominant deixis in Beauty and The Beast movie script. Finally, there were five types of deixis in the orientation section, complication section, rising action section, turning point section but there are only two types of deixis that are found in the resolution section in the Beauty and the Beast movie script. It is suggested that English teachers and students should be familiar with the types of deixis in the main section of the movie before using it for the teaching and learning process.

An Analyzing of Deixis on Donald Trump’s Speech : “State of The Union Address”

This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data in this study is speech of Donald Trump’s Speech analyzed.Data analysis was performed by categorizing data by type according to theory from Yule of type and function deixis.The goals of this research are to find out five kinds and functions of deixis used in Donald Trump’s Speech and the function of deixis. The techniques of the collecting data in this research are watching, writing and segmenting. After collecting the data the researcher analyzes the data that include five kinds of deixis. From the analysis the researcher found 567 deixis. Those are 404 person deixis, 90 time deixis, 35 place deixis, 18 social deixis and 20 discourse deixis. It found in Donald Trump’s Speech which contain five kinds of deixis: person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, social deixis and discourse deixis. Then, the researcher explains the data by descriptive explanation. The most dominant of types deixis appears in each speech of the person deixis (71,2%). It is becaused the utterance mostly refer to the person or the audience. The submissive of the data are the social deixis (3,1%) because the speaker used the person name more generally than social deixis as the surname. This speech is explaining about purposes and changes of United States. This speech more explain about smuggling, economy, illegal trade, terrorist and cancer in America.

Deixis Analysis on Oxford University E-mail Messages

Deixis is essential to creating effective communication. This research aimed (i) to determine the number of each type of deixis contained within E-mails from Oxford University Publications Office and (ii) the meanings contained there in. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The basic theory used by researchers is the theory of Yule. Yule described deixis as divided into 3, namely person, spatial, and temporal.The data used in this study came from one of the sources who received an E-mail from Oxford University and interview data. The result of the research was there are 2 types of deixis in E-mail, namely person deixis and spatial deixis. In person deixis was found 29 data with 3 forms of pronouns, namely You, Your, We, Our, Us, Their, and It. In spatial deixis was found 3 data with 2 forms, namely below and this. From the interview data, the researchers found that the language used in international campuses generally easy to comprehend, particularly noting the helpfulness of deixis in grasping message meanings, albeit sometimes requiring repeated reading for full understanding, with messages from Oxford University being notably straightforward.

Deixis Used Jo March In Little Women Movie

<p align="center"> </p><p>The title of this research is deixis which is used by Jo March in the film <em>Little Women</em>. This study focuses on deixis using the theory of Levinson in the film Little Women. The object of this study is the utterances delivered by Jo March as the main character in the film <em>Little Women</em>. First, this study aims to explain the kinds of deixis used by Jo March as the main role in the film <em>Little Women</em>. Second, this study aims to explain the reference to the word deixis used by Jo March as the main role in the film <em>Little Women</em>. This research method used by researchers is a qualitative descriptive method. The research data was taken from the film <em>Little Women</em>, directed by Greta Gerwig and written by Greta Gerwig based on the novel <em>Little Women</em> by Louisa May Alcott. This film originated from America in 2019. The results showed that there were 352 speech data containing deixis. From these data, there are three types of deixis studied. From these data, there were 308 person deixis, 20 place deixis, and 24 time deixis. The deixis phrase that is often used by <em>Jo March </em>is the I expression which refers to <em>Jo</em> which is included in the singular first person deixis (singular first person deixis). There are 120 data for expression I. Meanwhile, the reference most often used by speakers themselves is 308 data.</p>

The Use of Person Deixis as Shifts in Authority in Academic Writing: The Case of Students’ Acknowledgements in the Department of English Language and Literature, University of Maroua

This paper examines person deixis as shifts of authority in academic writing with focus on students’ acknowledgements in the Department of English Language and Literature, University of Maroua. It also looks at the role it plays in academic writing. This work stems from the fact that indexical expression of person plays an important role in the dissemination of information. It extends and gives further explanation where nonverbal communication is limited; thus becomes more effective. This work is of great value in language use in the sense that it shows how students use person deixis as shifts in authority in academic writing in their acknowledgements to show that they are the authors of these projects. This research uses a qualitative research design. This is because the researcher culled some messages from the acknowledgements of students of the Department of English Language and Literature from 2021-2023 academic year. Insight was drawn from Levinson’s (1983) theory of deixis. The findings indicated that one type of indexical expression; person was used for these reasons. First, to demonstrate that they are the authors of their dissertations. Second, to show gratitude to those who helped them in any way to complete their school projects.

Perception of charisma in text and speech

Abstract The perception of leaders as charismatic personalities has been linked to the level of (positive) emotion in their messages. The present paper reports a cross-modal perception study on the relationship between perceived charisma and positive as well as negative emotions. One hundred forty-nine participants listened or read Brexit speeches by four British politicians (David Cameron, Nicola Sturgeon, Nigel Farage, Theresa May) and rated their charisma using a 7-point Likert scale. Emotions in speeches were quantified on three dimensions (valence, arousal, dominance) and supplemented by analyses of person deixis (I vs. we). Results revealed that effects of emotions on perceived charisma are moderated by the modality of speeches. Emotionally positive words as well as inclusive person deixis increased charisma ratings in written messages, but the effect was reduced or not present in auditory versions of these messages. Implications arise for studies of political discourse that tend to focus on scripted speeches.