Great Revival Research Articles

The Tomb of Nabi Yusha’ in the Upper Galilee: The Evolution of a Sacred Place

Among the six sites regarded as the burial place of Joshua bin Nun, the one of Nabi Yusha’, located on the eastern slopes of the Upper Galilee highlands was regarded with great reverence by the "Matawila" or "Mutawalli" Shi'ites in Southern Lebanon and in the Galilee, including the inhabitants of the village Al-Nabi Yusha’. Jewish tradition tends to reject the identification of Joshua’s tomb at this site but rather identify it with a site in Samaria, and therefore this place did not become part of the traditional sanctified gravesites of saintly figures found throughout the Galilee. This article is related to the date and reason for the construction of the mausoleum in its present form, and of the two domes over it, as well as to the tradition of pilgrimage to the site and the cult of the local Shi’ite inhabitants. In its second part, the article refers to the cultic changes that occurred after the establishment of the State of Israel, and to the question of the location of the tomb today in the process of creating a sacred landscape in the Galilee. The main claim of the article is that tracing the changes in the cult of this site will show the geopolitical importance of this place on the one hand, and the changing social values of the surrounding inhabitants and of the sovereign authority on the other.

Rebuilding the broken walls of Zimbabwe with the Church, leadership and followership

Biblically and historically, Christianity is meant to enlighten people, transform lives, and develop responsible and effective leaders and followers who influence life-building change across generations and borders. Somehow, even while churches mushroom everywhere, selfishness, irresponsible citizenship, moral decadence, systematic corruption, and related travails proliferate and are sinking Zimbabwe into monumental political, economic and social crises. Meanwhile, the holistic mission of the Church has been narrowed down to proclamation, while demonstration of the gospel has lost attention, and the integral mission has become socialised and secularised. As a result, Christian principles of leadership and followership, such as stewardship, servanthood, responsible citizenship and all-encompassing service delivery, have become correspondingly elusive. The ruling government of Zimbabwe has been militantly silencing dissenting voices and the nation has a dire need for a prophetic voice to speak about reformation. Meanwhile the Church is sheepish, divided, erratic, somewhat inaudible and this submission addresses that gap. Some Church members appear helpless and hopeless, while countless others are migrating to cool off in neighbouring countries, to seek greener pastures, political and socio-economic relief. Thus, many Zimbabweans – those who are scattered and those still in Zimbabwe – are in critical need of a great revival. By reflecting on the rebuilding of Jerusalem’s broken walls by Nehemiah, and employing an in-depth analysis of available transformational leadership and Christian literature, this article calls for an inclusive, spiritual, strategic and integrally missionary revival, to achieve a revolutionary transformation of leadership, followership, and nation building.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article interfaces ecclesiology and transformational leadership with politics for inclusive transformation.

The Mediating Mission of The Holy Spirit – Some Theological Models

esus Christ, going to the Father, sent his disciples the Holy Spirit, who was to remind them and explain everything. The same Holy Spirit continues to act in the Church, sanctifying the Mystical Body of Christ. The first Paraclete is Jesus Christ himself, who undertook a salvific mission and became a mediator between God and people. The Holy Spirit sent by Christ is the second Paraclete fulfilling the mediating mission. The Holy Spirit works both in the Immanent Trinity (God’s inner life) and in the Economic Trinity (God’s saving action in history). Interesting in this context are the theological models developed by, among others, Heribert Mühlen, Joseph Ratzinger, Walter Kasper, Hans Urs von Balthasar, Matthias Joseph Scheeben, Maximilian Maria Kolbe and René Laurentin, whose concepts have been briefly presented in the above article. The mediating mission of the Holy Spirit is oriented Christocentric and is revealed during the most important salvation events performed by Jesus Christ (incarnation, baptism in the Jordan, proclamation of the Kingdom of God, death and resurrection). Moreover, the Holy Spirit sanctifies the Church, connecting people with God and people with each other. This action is inscribed in the ontic mediation of Jesus Christ, who has two natures – Divine and human, and in the functional mediation of the Savior (royal, prophetic and priestly functions). Undoubtedly, the last decades have been characterized by a great revival among theologians who deal with pneumatology, especially in the dimension of the mediating mission of the Holy Spirit.

The Fourrée Hyperpyra of John V Palaeologus

The great revival and reconquests undertaken by Andronikos III Palaeologus were shattered upon his death. Erstwhile allies and family turned on each other in the wake of the premature death of the emperor, with deadly intrigue undertaken for who should control the regency of young John V, heir of the late Basileus. Campaigns in the previous decade that were successfully restoring northern Greece and the Balkans into Byzantine hands were at once abandoned when private dispute spilled over into civil war. On the one side stood the foreign mother of the young emperor, Anna of Savoy. On the other stood John Cantacuzene, best friend and right-hand man of John V’s father. At stake was a squabbling patchwork of semi-independent statelets with various degrees of allegiance to the empire. During a period when the empire could ill afford it, precious resources were squandered on in-fighting. When John Cantacuzene found himself the brief winner of the civil war before his subsequent deposition, he no longer dined on dishes of silver and gold but pewter. The crown jewels of the empire had been pawned away to Venice and the riches of the Romans wasted away on fighting that only hurt the Romans themselves. Thus, riding out from his palace in the finest bejeweled splendor the heirlooms of late antiquity had to offer, the emperor returned home wearing a glass crown. From an empire on the rebound in 1341, Byzantium was shattered and near fatally weakened in 1353.

State Policy of Foreign Countries in the Field of Preservation of Architectural Heritage

The article highlights the actual problem of improving state policy in the field of conservation of architectural heritage. The main content of this study is an analysis of the structure of state authorities and local self-government involved in the protection of architectural heritage. The authors turn to the positive experience of China, Japan and the USA including the best practices of the United States in the field of conservation of architectural heritage by local governments which are actively involving civil society in the work. Special emphasis is placed on the attitude of Chinese state authorities to antiquities as a source of wisdom and sanity, contributing to the “Great Revival of the Chinese Nation”. The authors considered the initiative of Japan to take under local authorities’ protection entire groups of architectural buildings of special historical value. As a result of the study, some principles of the state policy of China, Japan and the USA in the field of conservation of architectural heritage were substantiated. The principles would be appropriate and applicable in domestic practice, namely, the high degree of popularization and education of the population in matters of architectural heritage protection, the democratic nature of the management of architectural heritage objects, the creation by public authorities of favorable conditions for attracting non-governmental organizations, the possibility of organizing a system of “protected areas of a complex of historical buildings”, the autonomy of local self-government bodies, etc.

Role of Military Diplomacy in the PRC’s Foreign Policy in the South China Sea

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of military diplomacy as an instrument of China’s foreign policy aimed at achieving the goal of the “great revival of the Chinese nation.” A special role is given to the process of conceptualization of military diplomacy in the foreign policy discourse of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which allowed the authors to identify the tasks and forms of this means of implementing foreign policy. The close connection of military diplomacy with ensuring the fundamental interests of the People’s Republic of China is noted. A special place is given to the region of Southeast Asia, where the PRC has unresolved disputes over maritime rights and national jurisdiction of offshore facilities and mineral deposits with several states. The authors assess the effectiveness of military diplomacy in bilateral relations with the countries of the region. The theoretical foundation of the work is the neorealist approach, which allows us to evaluate military diplomacy as a set of non-forceful measures aimed at achieving national interests. The authors conclude that the country and regional priorities in China’s military-diplomatic cooperation seem to correspond to the priorities of China’s broader foreign policy. The PRC’s intensive use of military diplomacy in the South China Sea demonstrates China’s growing leadership potential on the world stage and world-building ideas in neighboring regions.

Woman, Mother, and the Other: Unraveling the Matrix of Feminine Self

A woman as a mother in Indian society is a subject of great reverence. The mother is considered an embodiment of the divine mother goddess. But due to the pronatalist Indian social structure, a woman has less value outside of marriage and motherhood. The question arises here—as a personified goddess, is she equally valued in her real life and free to make her procreative choices as an independent Self? There is continued inequality and persistent sexism between men and women that structure the way they are viewed in society. Men construct the idea of women from their own perspective instead of what women are in reality, expressing themselves as the subject and women as “the other.” Ancient scriptures state that a woman is created to facilitate men in the act of procreation. For this, society further imposes various restrictions on her subjectivity through social practices to control her sexuality and maternal body. This paper explores and examines the social layers of a woman in general, and the way mythology perpetuates the idea and influences her life even today. Illustrations of various mythological texts glorify her position solely as subjugated procreator and caregiver, not as a woman as self but as mother and the other. In the contemporary social context of globalization and the consequential challenges presented to the traditional ways of life, the contentious issues in relation to these texts will be taken up for discussion and analysis. This paper concludes with caution that a real woman cannot be seen as the personification of goddesses in relation to the oppressive elements of a patriarchal society. Her pseudo-glorification merely unravels her enslaved otherness, and cannot be her empowered Self.

Study of Francis Bacon's "Four Illusions" from a Psychological Perspective

In the development history of modern Western materialism, Francis Bacon is undoubtedly one of the most outstanding philosophers. He devoted all his life to the realization of the "great revival" of science, for which he wrote a masterpiece "The Great Revival" with "New Tools" as the main body, and put forward the "four illusion theory" and scientific induction in "New Tools". Bacon, through the analysis of the collective illusion, caves illusion, market illusion and delusion theater, showed that illusion hindered the people on the correct understanding of things, but the illusion couldn't be eliminated fundamentally. This article starts from the content of the four illusion and its relationship with psychology, from the psychology perspective to discuss the four illusion theory, hoping to promote people’s understanding on things.

Research on the Value Implication of Sports Boosting the Great Revival of the Chinese Nation

Research on the Value Implication of Sports Boosting the Great Revival of the Chinese Nation

Петр I и тверской Желтиков монастырь

The Assumption Zheltikov Monastery in Tver is one of the oldest monasteries in the capital of the Upper Volga region. Founded at the end of the 14th century, already at the beginning of the 15th century it acquired the stone Assumption Cathedral, the original architecture of which became a bright page in the history of ancient Russian architecture of the 14–15th centuries. In the second half of the 17th century, the tradition of building stone constructions in the monastery was continued not without the participation of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who treated Bishop Arseny, the founder of the Zheltikov monastery, with great reverence. These works were continued at the very beginning of the 18th century, when the monastery was surrounded by a high stone fence, and in the structure of its «front» eastern wall, a new Holy Gate with a gate temple in the name of St. Alexei the man of God appeared (until 1709). Near it, two-story stone chambers were built at the same time, which soon received the name «tsar’s palaces». The creation of the gate church with this dedication and the «tsarevich» chambers, according to sources of the second half of the 18th century, was due to the order of Peter I, which, according to researchers who wrote about this monastery since the last quarter of the 18th century, was caused by the fact that the tsar decided to make the Zheltikov monastery a kind of «country residence» for his son Tsarevich Alexei. The article attempts to determine when exactly Peter I could act as the customer of these structures, and who implemented the wishes of the monarch on the site.

Китай: возможно ли всеобщее процветание?

Against the background of the aggravation of the US-Chinese rivalry, as well as the increasing level of criticality of internal socio-economic problems, Beijing is trying to accelerate the implementation of national development strategies, the main of which are the general “Great revival of the Chinese nation” and more focused “Common prosperity” and “Double circulation”. In general, these programs are interrelated and interdependent, and without the implementation of one of them it is impossible to implement the rest. They are designed to reduce the criticality of socio-economic imbalances formed in China during economic reforms and especially after 2008, as well as lay the foundation for the future socio-economic development of the PRC based on the dominance of domestic final consumption of households in order to avoid Beijing’s dependence on external economic and political conditions. This article considers, first of all, the “Common prosperity” program, the implementation of which in the medium term should level the social situation in China, as well as expand demand from the middle class. In addition, “Common prosperity” also has a pronounced ideological character, since it is a relatively new idea of the CPC General Secretary and, ultimately, the reputation of both Xi Jinping himself and the Communist Party of China as a whole depends on the success of its implementation. In an economic sense, “Common prosperity” is one of the stages of achieving the “Second centennial goal”, according to which Beijing plans to become in 2049, if not the first power, then the “second” first power at the level of the United States. That is, victory or at least parity in strategic rivalry with the United States depends on “Common prosperity”. At the same time, despite the importance of “Common prosperity” the final clear plan still doesn’t exist. The main question remains: where, in the context of a decrease in the effectiveness of traditional growth factors of the Chinese economy, to take resources for its implementation. If you increase the taxation of the Chinese middle class, which is already not rich by world average standards, then you can reduce the demand on its part and hit the “double circulation”. If you introduce taxes on real estate, you can hit the Chinese real estate market on the income from which provincial budgets depend a lot. If rely on tertiary distribution, that is, to form a tradition of charity, it is not clear whether this will be sustainable. In a difficult economic environment, Beijing will have to look for mutually satisfying and balanced solutions to very difficult tasks.

The Outside World in China's Strategy after the 20th CPC Congress

Since the beginning of reforms, China's economic development strategy has been aimed at integrating into the existing international economic order and establishing close cooperation, primarily with developed countries. China was able to effectively use the emerging opportunities of economic globalization and became the second economy in the world, unwittingly challenging the international order that emerged after the collapse of bipolarity. The expansion and deepening of trade and economic ties with most countries of the world and an independent foreign policy have led to increased tension in relations between China and the United States and, at the same time, to increased support for China from developing countries. As a result of economic crises and policies to contain China, the international order based on economic ties began to collapse and be replaced by a geopolitical one. The outside world, from being the most important source of China's development, which ensured the success of modernization and paved the way for the “Chinese Dream of Great Revival,” is turning into a source of major challenges and threats. The period of China's relations with the outside world, which began with the Opium Wars, is coming to an end. In the context of growing international tension and renewed East-West confrontation, the nature of China's relations with the outside world is changing, a new historical cycle of relations and a new stage in China's development are beginning.

The Importance of Dunhuang Art in the Art Education of Primary Schools

Dunhuang art is preserved as a splendid epitome of millennial art, and is a model of traditional Chinese art. In terms of the aesthetic value, it symbolizes a strong discourse for the great revival of Chinese culture. At present, art education in elementary schools has reached the peak of attention. Emphasis should be placed on the connotation and essence of excellent Chinese traditional culture while the import of Western art has brought in new vitality. As art education is an important way to cultivate correct aesthetics of the students, the integration of Dunhuang art in elementary school art education can further promote the inheritance and development of traditional culture. This paper puts emphasize on highlighting and analyzing the positive significance of Dunhuang art to elementary school art education.

The Taiwan Question and PRC Politics of Memory towards Japan

This paper discusses the place of Taiwan in PRC’s foreign policy and politics of memory from the perspective of PRC’s raising pressure on Japan and the necessity to solve the Taiwan problem. The Taiwan issue is an important topic for the PRC. Taiwan is still perceived by the Chinese as a reminder of the unfinished civil war and a divided China. The issue of reunification became especially acute during the reign of Xi Jinping, when the need to return Taiwan "to its homeland" became one of the main tasks of the "Great Revival of the Chinese Nation". However, the leadership of Taiwan does not want to lose its de facto independence from the mainland. Besides, the unification of the island with China is not welcomed by other major powers in the region, in particular Japan. Moreover, deep economic, political and cultural interaction has been established between Taiwan and Japan. From the point of view of mainland China, Taiwan cannot have either economic or political independence. To achieve reunification with the island, the PRC resorts to memory politics. The paper analyzes the origins of the Taiwan issue, as well as the positions of the PRC, Japan and Taiwan. The features of the politics of memory of the PRC, which determine the use of memory politics as a foreign policy instrument in relation to Japan, are exposed and analyzed. It is concluded that PRC politics of memory towards Japan is characterized by frequent appeals to the events of the Sino-Japanese war (1931-1945) and the period of Japanese occupation of Taiwan. The PRC claims its right to return the island "to its homeland" as a result of victory in the war and points out that Japan has no moral right to intervene in this issue.

Non-Governmental Organizations in Contemporary China: political and legal aspect

The article is devoted to the study of general issues of the non-governmental public organizations in China. The current legislation regulating their legal status is being considered, including law-making acts adopted since the beginning of the "policy of reform and openness". In the Soviet type countries, to which the People's Republic of China belongs, the work of non-governmental organizations cannot conflict with the course of the ruling party. In the PRC, public organizations act as an integral part of a United Front led by the CPC and consisting of various political forces striving for a common goal — the "great revival of the Chinese nation." The activities of opposition public organizations in China are prohibited, and their registration is impossible. The Chinese authorities believe that the interests of the collective are above the interests of the individual, therefore, individuals that do not obey the "mass line" do not have the right to exist. Western experts believe that the absence of oppositional, state-independent public organizations in China does not allow them to be classified as non-governmental. However, Chinese specifics are overlooked, which leads to an incorrect transfer of Western concepts and institutions to Chinese soil and, consequently, allegations of an insufficient degree of democratization of China. The study provides up-to-date statistics on the number of non-governmental public organizations in China in recent years.

중국 일대일로(一帶一路) 정책의 집단주의 문화와 한국 공공외교의 방향성

‘One Belt, One Road’ is a concrete and long-term realization plan of the ‘China Dream’ which is great revival of the Chinese nation promoted by the Xi Jinping administration. China asserts that the plan will contribute to world peace and development together with participating countries, and advance toward a common prosperity and a community of destiny through cooperation and coexistence of e ach country. T he C hinese d ream i s a policy t o b ring h ope to t he C hinese p eople and to achieve unity around it, having a very strong collectivism. In addition, the One Belt, One Road policy, which is a plan to realize the Chinese dream, presupposes close cooperation with neighboring countries, and this is also based on a strong collectivist culture. So, how should we respond to China's One Belt, One Road policy? This paper presents public diplomacy as the answer to this. And the direction of public diplomacy is summarized as using their face culture through continuous cultural exchange with China and actively conducting public diplomacy on environmental and human rights issues, which are one of the problems faced by the One Belt and One Road Initiative.

Evangelicalism in Korea, 1884-1919 : A Historical Study on the Formation of the Mainstream Korean Protestantism

This paper will investigate historically in what ways evangelicalism constructed Korean Protestantism and in turn, how evangelicalism has been influenced by the Korean contexts, focusing on the period from 1884 to 1919. An interaction between the two informed the nature and character of Korean Protestantism cooperating and conflicting with each other. Nationalism paved the way for receiving, establishing, and developing evangelical Protestantism in the Korean context while evangelicalism reinforced and preserved nationalism before and during the colonial period. Nevertheless, as shown in the Great Revival of 1907, the interrelatedness came to fracture when evangelical missionaries and leaders emphasized the separation between religion and politics keeping the church away from the nationalist activism against Japanese imperialism. Despite the separation between religion and politics, displayed in the March First Independence Movement in 1919, evangelical Protestantism continued to function as a center for the cultural and religious nationalism in the colonial period. Bogǔmjuǔi (evangelicalism) and minjokjuǔi (nationalism) formed the nature and character of the mainstream Korean Protestantism into bogǔmjuǔi minjok kidokkyo (evangelical Nationalist Christianity).

Sources of abdulla aripov's literary and aesthetic world

This article discusses the sources of Abdulla Aripov's literary and aesthetic world. The author analyzes the poet's work on the basis of sources. The poet interprets the criterion of destiny in connection with the names of these two great creators. Fate is an industry that is difficult for anyone to understand. For in the face of destiny, the maple and the hash are equal. The most important aspect of Mirtemir's teaching status is that he treats students with respect and can set an example for them in the area of responsibility. He mentions their name with great reverence and respect. Because one of them is the truth for the poet, the second is the symbol of courage, the third is the symbol of struggle, and the fourth is the symbol of humanity.

The political summer of 2022 in Japan: A storm before a lull?

The article addresses the political processes in Japan in the summer of 2022. The central place among them is occupied by the elections to the House of Councilors held in July, which brought victory to the ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party and Komeito. As the main reason for the strong performance of the conservatives in the author views is the fact that Prime Minister Fumio Kishida grasped and duly took into account in his election program a shift to the right in the mainstream sentiment of the Japanese society, under which, against the background of the tightening security environment around Japan, it began to show “understanding” to the growth of military spending, the revision of Article 9 of the Constitution and the abolition of other pacifist restrictions. Kishida returned to the principles of the inter-factional balance of power in the cabinet reshuffle, introducing a significant number of newcomers in accordance with the wishes of the factional leaders. Given the current situation in the parliament, as well as the fact that national elections are not expected in Japan until 2025, Kishida received a huge freedom of hands, not being bound by the need to constantly act basing on the considerations of political expediency. So far, he has shown himself to be a loyal disciple of his predecessor Abe, with great reverence for most of his endeavors, but it is still difficult to say whether he will continue Abe’s policy in all areas.

'What Has Been Written Upon the Forehead, the Eye Must See': An Arabic-Jewish Author Between Baghdad and an Israeli Transit Camp

As an integral part of Arab society since the pre-Islamic period, Jews participated in the making of Arabic literature. We know of prominent Jewish poets such as al-Samawʾal ibn ʿᾹdiyāʾ in the sixth century A.D. and Ibrāhīm ibn Sahl in al-Andalus in the thirteenth century. During the first half of the twentieth century, Arabic literature in fuṣḥā (standard Arabic) written by Jews witnessed a great revival, especially in Iraq and Egypt, but this revival was cut short as a casualty of Zionism and Arab nationalism and the conflict between them. We are currently witnessing the demise of Arabic literature written by Jews; the Arabic language among Jews will probably remain mostly a tool of the military establishment and the intelligence systems as encapsulated in the dictum 'know your enemy' instead of being a medium for coexistence and knowing the Other. The article concentrates on the literary activities of one of the most talented Iraqi-Jewish authors, Shalom Darwīsh (1913-1997), whose promising anticipated literary future in Arabic literature encountered a deadlock following the aforementioned exclusion of Jews from 'Arabness'.