Seaweed Liquid Research Articles

Influence of Seaweed (Padina antrillarum) Extract Foliar Application on Growth and Flowering of Roses Variety ‘Local’

The Seaweed (Padina antrillarum) abundantly found in the coastal region of Eastern Sri Lanka. Seaweed contains a wide range of nutrients and hormones for plant growth. An experiment was conducted at the Crop Farm, Eastern University, Sri Lanka to assess the effects of seaweed (Padina antrillarum) extract on the flowering of roses var. ‘Local’ from July to September 2020. Four treatments were used in this experiment viz. 10% (T1), 20% (T2), and 30% (T3) seaweed extracts with control treatment (T4). Treatments were applied at once-a-week interval. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. All other management practices were followed uniformly. Measurements were done at once a month. Collected data were analyzed. The higher performances in measured parameters (plant height, leaf area, plant biomass, number of flowers per plant) were observed in T2. It showed that once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract had the potential to increase growth and flower production in roses. It might be due to the presence of nutrients and the growth hormones in seaweed extract and optimum concentration of seaweed extract received by plants at T2. In T1 and T3, plants received sub-optimum and higher concentration respectively. It could be the reason for the lowest performances in these treatments. From this experiment, it could be concluded that once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract of Padina antrillarum is suitable to increase flowering in roses of treatment tested.

A liquid seaweed extract (TAM®) improves aqueous rearing environment, diversity of zooplankton community, whilst enhancing growth and immune response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila

A commercial seaweed liquid extract (TrueAlgaeMax, TAM®), previously showed a high content of phytochemical compounds and resulted in promoting growth and immune response of Nile tilapia, when applied as dietary supplementation. In the current study, the effects of applying TAM® as a natural agent to rearing water on growth performance, feed utilization, and immune response of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila were conducted. Also, zooplankton community, diversity, and abundance were evaluated in the cultured water. Five experimental groups (G0, G1, G2, G3, and G4) were exposed to different TAM® concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ml m‐3 of culture water, respectively). Healthy 450 mono-sex O. niloticus fingerlings (26.048 ± 0.050 g) were randomly stocked in glass aquariums (150 L aquaria−1, thee replicates treatment−1). The water in aquariums was renewed with a rate of 10% every 4 days and supplied with new freshwater with maintaining the respect TAM® concentrations. The feces and uneaten food were daily removed. The fish were fed at a level of 3% of body weight during the 70-days experimental period. The results revealed that TAM® exposed groups yielded higher significant growth performance, feed intake, and feed utilization compared to the control group. The non-specific immune response (total protein, albumin, globulin levels, and lysozyme activity) and antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly improved with increasing TAM® exposure levels. The resistance of O. niloticus against Aeromonas hydrophila challenge improved significantly in different TAM® treatments. Comparing to the control, TAM® treatments improved the zooplankton community, diversity, and abundance. Due to TAM® photobiotic, applying TAM® levels (especially G4) are significantly flourishing the abundance of Rotifera and Polychaeta, while, inhibiting the abundance of Nematoda, Trematoda, and Insecta. Finally, it can be concluded that the aqueous exposure to seaweed extract TAM® could improve fish growth performance, health status, and resistance against pathogenic bacteria challenge. In addition, it has a desirable modulation effect on natural microbiota in the fish rearing water.

Effect of <i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> extracts on the growth, yield and antioxidant capacity of <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i> carotenoids

Recent research has shown that the use of biological extracts, which contain a wide variety of nutrients and phytohormones are potentially useful in the production of plants of agricultural importance. Seaweed extracts are particularly rich in minerals and micronutrients necessary for the growth of microalgae. The effect of three commercial extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum as plant growth inducers (Stimplex®, Acadian Soils® and Liquid Seaweed Concentrate®), provided by Acadian Sea Plants Ltd., were evaluated in relation to the growth and production of biomass and carotenoids in Haematococcus pluvialis. The results were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis utilizing Tukey's test with a significance level of 95% (α= 0.05). The reference medium used was the Bold basal medium, to which 250 ppm of each extract was added. The Stimplex® extract had an increase of 22.79% in cell density and 17% in dry matter, higher than the control culture. The content of carotenoids and antioxidant capacity, respectively, with Stimplex® was 30.05% and 141.76% higher than the control culture.

Substrate Properties and Fertilizer Rates on Yield Responses of Lettuce in a Vertical Growth System

The increased demand for food and the challenge for space for agriculture production in urban centers have made the vertical growth system an interesting trend. Agriculture is no longer only the horizontal, traditional, and soil grown method. Urban agriculture has created ways for inner city growers to be able to farm in a restricted space. Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops, especially leafy vegetables such as lettuce, in vertically stacked layers, as this results in significantly higher plant population per unit area. Two research trials were conducted in the fall of 2018 and the spring of 2019 to determine the effect of substrate properties and fertilizers on lettuce yield to optimize the urban production of lettuce. Three substrates (P3 + CF7 = Perlite 30%: Coco fiber 70%, PB7 + C3 = Pine Bark 70%: Compost 30%, and PB9 + C1 = Pine Bark 90%: Compost 10%) along with full and half rates of a fertilizer blend (VertiGro Organics fermented molasses, Ohrstrom’s Maxicrop liquid seaweed, and organic mineral blend) were evaluated on fresh and dried weight yield of lettuce. Substrate physical properties (air space, water holding capacity, total porosity, and bulk density) and substrate volumetric water content were also determined. ‘Nevada’ and ‘Optima’ lettuce varieties showed similar yield responses (fresh and dried weight) to substrate and fertilizer rates in both trials. In the fall 2018 trial, the highest fresh weight was observed in substrate PB7 + C3 with half fertilizer rate, with a mean plant weight of 41.13 g and 49.75 g for ‘Optima’ and ‘Nevada’, respectively. The least mean fresh weight was observed in half fertilizer rate of substrate P3 + CF7. For the spring 2019 trial, PB7 + C3 in half fertilizer strength gave the highest fresh weight for ‘Optima’ and ‘Nevada’ (45.64 g and 41.13 g, respectively). These values were statistically comparable to all other treatments except for substrate P3 + CF7 in full and half fertilizer which gave the least mean fresh weight. Volumetric water content in substrates P3 + CF7 recorded the highest average, while PB7 + C3 gave the least. Higher water holding capacity, total porosity, and lower airspace were observed in substrate P3 + CF7. Higher airspace was observed in PB9 + C1 but was comparable to PB7 + C3. PB7 + C3 gave the highest bulk density in both trials.

Developing a Pastry Product with Tropical Liquid Seaweed Eucheuma Cottonii

Currently, our society lives under a deceptive apprehension of there being food abundance. Many humans are surrounded by using quick meals prosperous in calories and unsaturated fats, high-powered advertising, and over-consumption. The mass market has truly emerged as accustomed to the expression of junk food to designate such offerings, yet this incredibly processed food is bumped off in giant amounts. This study aimed to develop a pastry product with tropical liquid seaweed (Eucheuma Cottonii). The participants chose lot 2 with 10 grams of tropical liquid seaweeds according to their impression and judgment of the product in terms of appearance, chose lot 2 with 10 grams according to the product’s visual sensation, chose lot 1 with 5 grams according to the fineness and crunchiness of the product, chose lot 1 with 5 grams according to the degree of the flavor, terms of general acceptability the participants chose lot 1 with 5 grams as their preferred treatment and the ideal amount of tropical liquid seaweed in making pastry. Moreover, tropical liquid seaweed (Eucheuma Cottonii) is loaded with nutrients, especially different dietary fibers, and other nutrients. Furthermore, using tropical liquid seaweed in making white peanut cookies is ideal for the benefit of people in terms of health.

Improving the growth of clove seedlings by the application of seaweed waste as organic fertilizers

One of the problems in providing quality clove seedlings is slow growth of clove seedlings and the unavailability of technology that can accelerate seedling growth for planting. Based on this, research has been carried out which aims to obtain the concentration and frequency of providing appropriate seaweed organic fertilizer to accelerate seedling growth. The experiment was arranged in a two-factor factorial design, four replications. The first factor were 7 concentrations of Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer (SLF): 0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, and 1500 ppm, and the second factor were frequency of application of 2 and 3 times every 4 weeks. The parameters observed were seedling growth (seedling height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, root length and root volume), chlorophyll content, wet and dry biomass weight (leaves, stems, and roots). The results showed that seaweed from Euchema cottonii can improve the growth of clove seedlings. The E. cottonii seaweed in 1250 ppm concentration and two times every 4 weeks can improve the growth of clove seedlings

Peningkatan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Daun (Allium Fistusolum) Melalui Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Rumput Laut (Sargassum sp.) di Kota Wisata Batu

The Effect of Providing Seaweed Liquid Organic Fertilizer (Sargassum sp) on The Growth and Production of Leaf Onion (Allium Fistusolum). Market demand for leaf onion has increased from year to year but the growth and production of leaf onion has not increased because the farmers always fertilize using chemical fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of seaweed liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of leaf onions. The study was conducted on a land area of 30m2 in Tulungrejo Village, Bumiaji, Batu - Malang. The experiment used CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment carried out were without giving of seaweed liquid organic fertilizer on the leaves onion plant (P0), giving seaweed liquid organic fertilizer to the leaves onion plant with a concentration of 5 ml / liter (P1), 10 ml / liter (P2), 15 ml / liter (P3), and 20 ml / liter (P4). The parameters observed were plant height growth, growth in number of leaves and weight of harvesting leaf onion. Observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance level 5% and Duncan's advanced test at 5% level. The results showed that the application of seaweed liquid organic fertilizer had a significant effect on the growth of leaf onion plants and the production of onion leaf. On the growth of the number of leaves, the application of seaweed liquid organic fertilizer did not have a significantly effect on the leaf onion plants in the age of 63 days after planting.

A plant biostimulant made from the marine brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum and chitosan reduce Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin contamination in wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is a disease that results in yield loss and mycotoxin contamination in wheat globally. This study assessed the effect of a plant biostimulant prepared from a brown macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum (Liquid Seaweed Extract; LSE) alone and in combination with chitosan in controlling Fusarium. Wheat seedlings drenched with LSE and chitosan in combination showed reduced severity of F. graminearum infection on leaves as evidenced by a significant reduction in necrotic area and fewer number of conidia produced in the necrotic area. Gene expression studies showed that the combination of LSE and chitosan amplified the response of pathogenesis-related genes (TaPR1.1, TaPR2, TaPR3, TaGlu2) in wheat seedlings infected with Fusarium spores above that observed for the individual treatments. The combination treatments were more effective in enhancing the activity of various defense related enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. FHB studies on adult plants showed a reduction of bleached spikes in wheat heads treated with the combination of LSE and chitosan. Mycotoxin content appeared to be correlated with FHB severity. Combination treatments of LSE and chitosan reduced the levels of mycotoxins deoxynivalenol and sambucinol in wheat grains. Systemic disease resistance appears to be induced by LSE and chitosan in response to F. graminearum in wheat by inducing defense genes and enzymes.

Roses Growth and Flowering Responding to Concentration and Frequency of Seaweed (Sargassum crassifolium L.) Liquid Extract Application

Rose is a popular cut flower in Sri Lanka and mainly cultivated for the export market. An experiment was conducted at the Crop Farm, Eastern University, Sri Lanka to assess the effects of seaweed liquid extract on growth and flowering of roses (Rosa sp.) from June to September 2018. Seven treatments of seaweed liquid extract applications (10% once a week (T1), 10% twice a week (T2), 20% once a week (T3), 20% twice a week (T4), 30% once a week (T5), 30% twice a week (T6) and distilled water (T7- control)) were applied at completely randomized design with ten replications. Plant height, leaf area, plant biomass and number of flowers were significantly higher in T3. Once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract had the potential to increase the plant height, leaf area, plant biomass, number of flowers and dry weight of flowers in this experiment. It might be due to the presence of nutrients and the growth promoters in the S. crassifolium L. seaweed extract and optimum concentration of seaweed extract received by plants at T3.From this experiment, it could be concluded that once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract is suitable for promoting growth and flowering of roses.

Effects of Natural and Commercially Available Seaweed Liquid Extracts on Growth and Yield of Vigna unguiculata L.

Effects of Natural and Commercially Available Seaweed Liquid Extracts on Growth and Yield of Vigna unguiculata L.

Effect of Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer on Antioxidant and Enzyme Activity of Different Vegetables Seeds

The aim of the study was to find the antioxidant activity and enzyme activity of catalase and peroxidase of vegetable plants. The results indicated that the use of seaweed liquid fertilizer can enhance the antioxidant activity of Solanum melongena L., Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Capsicum annuum L., Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L. and Allium cepa L. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were used to determine the antioxidant properties of seaweeds by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 517 nm. The DPPH activity was highest in brown seaweed liquid fertilizer. This study implied that impacts on vegetable plantlets by seaweed liquid fertilizer extracted with enzymes is better in brown seaweed liquid fertilizer as compared to control.

Effect of Seaweed Liquid Extracts on the Internode Variation of Lens esculenta Seedlings

Effect of Seaweed Liquid Extracts on the Internode Variation of Lens esculenta Seedlings

Drenching aqueous extracts of seaweeds for enhancing growth, biochemical constituents and yield of Solanum melongena

Seaweed liquid fertilizer prepared from aqueous extracts of red and brown seaweeds were tried on Brinjal, Solanum melongena, L. under lab conditions. Basal application of aqueous extract of Sargassum wightii to Brinjal was found beneficial to boost the height of the plant, number of flowers/ plant considerably and the levels of chlorophyll pigments 27% more than the control. This increased the fruit yield exhibited by number and weight of fruits over control as well as the extract of red seaweed Grateloupia lithophila. However, extracts of G. lithophila promoted early flowering, delayed senescence of leaves of eggplant. Biochemical constituents in the treated plants such as total sugars, proteins and lipids too showed considerable increase (mg/g dry weight, P<0.001) due to application of Sargassum extract. These results enabled us to confirm that use of extracts of Sargassum as manure to crops can improve yield, save chemical fertilizers and protect soil fertility.

Effects of Fermented Nori (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Pyropia yezoensis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;) Liquid Fertilizer on Plant Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Content of Komatsuna (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Brassica rapa&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L. var. Wakana Komatsuna) Cultivated in Vermiculite

We conducted plant growth experiments in microbe-free vermiculite to study the effects of four types of fermented seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) made from nori (Pyropia yezoensis) seaweed on the germination, plant growth characteristics, SPAD value, and nutrient content and uptake of komatsuna (Brassica rapa L. var. wakana komatsuna). The four types of fermented nori SLF used in this study were prepared by anaerobic fermentation of unwashed nori (SLF1), aerobic fermentation of unwashed nori (SLF2), anaerobic fermentation of washed nori (SLF3), and aerobic fermentation of washed nori (SLF4). Komatsuna seeds treated with 200-, 300-, and 400-fold dilutions of SLFs exhibited improved relative germination ratios (RGRs) at 3 and 4 days after sowing (DAS). At 4 DAS, the RGRs of seeds treated with 10-, 100-, 200-, 300-, and 400-fold SLF dilutions showed no differential effect. Seeds treated with undiluted SLFs did not germinate by 4 DAS. SLF1 may promote komatsuna seed germination. The nitrogen (N), calcium, magnesium, sodium (Na), and iodine (I) contents of plants treated with SLF1 were significantly increased relative to plants treated with the other SLFs. Moreover, the I and Na contents of plants were significantly increased by foliar spray application of different dilutions of SLF1. However, SLF treatment markedly reduced the shoot dry weight compared with 1/2-strength modified Hoagland nutrient (MHN) solution, although the same amounts of N and K were applied. SPAD values of the plants treated with SLFs were significantly higher than those of plants treated with MHN. Foliar treatment with SLFs had no significant effect on plant growth, SPAD value, or uptake of nutrients (except Na) relative to the control, but the I content was increased. Plants treated with SLF1 and SLF2 exhibited the highest Na uptake. Foliar spray treatments with SLF1 resulted in the highest I contents in plants. Based on our results, SLF1 is suitable for use as a liquid fertilizer to promote germination and increase nutrient content in komatsuna. These results need to be followed up in soil experiments in the presence of microbes in the rhizosphere.

Effect of Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer and Humic Acid Formulation on the Growth and Nutritional Quality of Abelmoschus esculentus

Effect of Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer and Humic Acid Formulation on the Growth and Nutritional Quality of Abelmoschus esculentus

Alleviation of Salt Stress in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.) Seedlings Through the Application of Liquid Seaweed Extracts of Fucus spiralis

ABSTRACTMany research studies have shown the importance of seaweed extract (SWE) in alleviating stress damage to plants. In this study, we examined the effect of liquid SWEs made from brown seaweed, Fucus spiralis, on germination, growth, antioxidant enzymes and some biochemical attributes of durum wheat under different levels of NaCl concentrations. Application of SWE at different concentrations (5, 10, 25, and 50%) significantly enhanced seed germination and growth parameters under salt stress, especially with 25% of seaweed liquid extract. Results show that the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased with increasing the algal extract concentration to 50%. Therefore, algal treatment is proved to be an effective technique to improve the growth of wheat seedlings under salt stress conditions. This study provides important information on the identification and utilization of seaweed resources for agriculture and it is the first study to report on the uses of this macroalgae as biostimulants in agriculture.Abbreviations TG: total germination (%); SL: shoot length (cm); SFW: seedling fresh weight (g); SDW: seedling dry weight (g); TC: total carotenoids (mg/g.FW); TSP: total soluble proteins (mg/g.FW); SSC: soluble sugars content (mg/g.FW); TPC: (µg equivalent AG/mg DW); CAT: catalase (U mg−1 protein); SOD: superoxide dismutase (U mg−1 protein); APX: ascorbate peroxydase (U mg−1 protein).

Responses of Freesia hybrid L. to the Spraying with Liquid Coconut and Seaweed Extract and Effect of Vegetative Growth and Yield

Responses of Freesia hybrid L. to the Spraying with Liquid Coconut and Seaweed Extract and Effect of Vegetative Growth and Yield

Response of Freesia hybrid L. to the spraying with Liquid Coconut and Seaweed Extract and Effect of Flowering Growth Vase Life

Response of Freesia hybrid L. to the spraying with Liquid Coconut and Seaweed Extract and Effect of Flowering Growth Vase Life

Quantification of plant growth biostimulants, phloroglucinol and eckol, in four commercial seaweed liquid fertilizers and some by-products

Kelp species such as Ecklonia maxima are widely used as sources of liquid fertilizer for many economically important crops. Phloroglucinol and eckol are active biomolecules isolated from the brown seaweed Ecklonia maxima. They have shown root and growth promoting activity in some crop species. Currently there are many seaweed liquid products available in the markets that are sold as plant biostimulants. In some of these products auxins, cytokinins, polyamines, gibberellins, abscisic acid and brassinosteroids have been quantified and their role in plant growth and development has been well established. But, the presence and quantification of phloroglucinol and eckol in these products have not been determined yet. This would be useful for quality control of the products. In this study, four commercially available seaweed liquid fertilizers were analyzed for phloroglucinol and eckol content using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, a seaweed dry cake product (‘Plant it’ manufactured by Kelpak® from Ecklonia maxima) and Kelpak® cell wall paste by-product were also assessed for phloroglucinol and eckol content. The liquid seaweed products evaluated in this study were prepared from the seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum, Durvillaea potatorum and Ecklonia maxima. HPLC analysis of these products showed that eckol content was greater than the known plant growth regulator phloroglucinol in three products. The amount of eckol detected in all the samples ranged from 96 to 860μgL−1. A higher quantity of both phloroglucinol and eckol was recorded for Kelpak® in comparison to the other products. The higher levels of these two plant growth promoting biomolecules in the Kelpak® samples can be attributed to the use of cold cellular-burst technology. More studies are necessary to determine the optimum levels of phloroglucinol and eckol required for plant growth in different liquid seaweed fertilizers.

Enteromorpha intestinalis Derived Seaweed Liquid Fertilizers as Prospective Biostimulant for Glycine max

In the present study, the potential of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) of marine algae Enteromorpha intestinalis was evaluated for its effect on seed germination, yield, biochemical parameters and pigment characteristics of Glycine maxE. intestinalis was collected form Mandapam coast of Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, and the dried seaweeds were used for the preparation of SLF. G. max seeds were germinated with four different concentrations (20, 40, 60, and 100%) of SLF; its growth and yield parameters were evaluated and compared with chemical fertilizer and control. The morphological and bio-chemical parameters such as seed germination (100%), root (6.6cm) and shoot length (5.4 cm), carbohydrates (0.098 mg/g), protein (0.56 mg/g), pigment (0.444 mg/g chl a; 1.073 mg/g chl b; 3.70 mg/g carotenoids) of the plant was found maximum at a concentration of 60% SLF. The phenol content (3.25 mg/g) was maximum in 40% SLF. The GC-MS analysis of SLF revealed the presence of notable benzoic compounds involved in plant growth promotion. Results showed thatE. intestinalis derived SLF was potential biostimulant forG. max. Thus, marine algae based fertilizer could be an effective and alternate to the chemical fertilizers emphasizing the need for systematic evaluation programme for SLF on various crops.