Search For Security Research Articles

Protected and flexible multi-keyword search model over Encoded cloud data

Cloud computing is modern technology as a new computing model in number of business domains. Large numbers of large scale departments are starting to shift the data on to the cloud environment. With the benefit of storage as a service many enterprises are moving their valuable data to the cloud, since it costs less, easily scalable and can be accessed from anywhere any time. Improved dynamic multi-keyword ranking search scheme with top key via encrypted cloud data that simultaneously supports dynamic update operations as deleting and inserting documents. Greedy depth first search algorithm is provided for efficiency multi keywords on place and index structure. Cryptography is one of the establishing trust models. Searchable security is a cryptographic method to provide security. In number of researchers have been working on developing privacy and efficient searchable encryptiontypes. We take new effective cryptographic techniques based on data structures like CRSA and B-Tree to enhance the level of privacy. We propose new multi-keyword search query over encrypted cloud information in retrieving top k scored documents. The vector space model and TFIDF model are used to build index and query generation. This paper focuses on multi keyword search based on ranking over an encrypted cloud data. The search uses the feature of similarity and inner product similarity matching. We propose to support the top-k Multi-full-text search for security and performance analysis show that the proposed model guarantees a high safety and practicality and dynamic update operations, such as deleting and adding documents. The experimental results show that the overhead in computation and communication is low.

Cross-lingual multi-keyword rank search with semantic extension over encrypted data

The emergence of searchable encryption technology sheds new light on the problem of secure search over encrypted data, which has been a research hotspot in the past few years. However, most existing search schemes based on searchable encryption only support queries in a certain language. The few searchable encryption schemes that have implemented multilingual search fail to achieve automated cross-lingual retrieval, which significantly impacts users search experience. Additionally, most of these schemes only support the exact matching and can-not provide semantic search. Hence, the implementation of cross-lingual and semantic search together remains an open topic for searchable encryption. To the best of our knowledge, no previous research has investigated the problem of cross-lingual ranked search over encrypted cloud data. To address this issue, we propose a cross-lingual multi-keyword rank search (CLRSE) scheme upon the Open Multilingual Wordnet. Our CLRSE scheme can break the barrier of languages, and realizes intelligent and personalized search through flexible keyword and language preference settings. Additionally, an improved scheme is developed to speed up the sorting process. We evaluate the performance of our scheme including security, functionality, precision, and efficiency, with extensive experiments.

The Historical Evolution of ASEAN and Regionalism in Southeast Asia: With a Special Reference to ASEAN’s Role in the Cambodian Conflict (1978-1989)

In 1967, when the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established, its members (then Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand; Brunei joined in 1984) found themselves plagued by a wide range of security problems. These included intra-regional conflicts, domestic instability, extra-regional intervention, and latent inter-ethnic tensions. It was not accidental that the ASEAN states as a group of newly independent (with the exception of Thailand, which had never been a colony) developing countries prioritized ‘respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states’ and ‘non-interference in the affairs of States’. Rather, the commitment of ASEAN members to the principle of the modern Westphalian state system should be understood in the context of the search for internal stability and regime security as newly independent countries engaged in nation-building and state-making. What made ASEAN politico-security regionalism (driven by nation-state centrism) really distinctive were the norms and values which came to be known as the ‘ASEAN Way’, Within the ASEAN Way context, in particular, this article explores ASEAN’s role in the Cambodian conflict (1978-1989) for the purpose of tracing the scope of which it contributed to the consolidation of ASEAN’s norms and principles regarding the way of conflict management in Southeast Asia. Indeed, ASEAN had considered the feasibility of accepting Vietnam (as well as Laos and Cambodia) within its group. However, Vietnam’s invasion of Cambodia in December 1978 undermined an initial idea on the part of ASEAN to include Vietnam within its regional grouping. Therefore, by 1978 the intensifying conflict between Vietnam (supported by the Soviet Union) and Cambodia (backed by China) was a great difficulty to ASEAN for achieving the goal of ‘One Southeast Asia’ concept through including the rest of Southeast Asia. Against this background, this article analyses the creation, evolution and process of ASEAN politico-security regionalism up to the end of Cold War in order to highlight ASEAN’s approach to conflict management in the Cambodian crisis. Key words: Historical Evolution, ASEAN, Regionalism, ASEAN Way, Cambodian Conflict, Southeast Asia DOI : 10.7176/JAAS/58-12 Publication date :November 30 th 2019

Cloud-assisted secure biometric identification with sub-linear search efficiency

Cloud computing has been one of the critical solutions to reduce heavy storage and computation burden of biometric identification. To protect the privacy of biometric data against untrusted cloud servers, outsourced biometric databases are usually encrypted by users. Performing biometric identification over encrypted data without revealing privacy to cloud servers attracts more and more attention. Several secure biometric identification solutions have been proposed to solve this challenging problem. However, these schemes still suffer from various limitations, such as low search efficiency and heavy computation burden on users. In this paper, we propose a novel cloud-assisted biometric identification scheme based on the asymmetric scalar-product preserving encryption (ASPE) and spatial data structures such as the R-tree index, which simultaneously achieves sub-linear search efficiency and low computation burden on users. Specifically, we construct an R-tree index on the biometric dataset and encrypt the index with ASPE. Then we modify the original search algorithm in the R-tree index and design a secure search algorithm based on ASPE to find the nearest neighbor result over the encrypted R-tree index. Through theoretical analysis and extensive experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.

Secure search for encrypted personal health records from big data NoSQL databases in cloud

As the healthcare industry adopts the use of cloud to store personal health record (PHR), there is a need to ensure that we maintain the ability to perform efficient search on encrypted data (stored in the cloud). In this paper, we propose a secure searchable encryption scheme, which is designed to search on encrypted personal health records from a NoSQL database in semi-trusted cloud servers. The proposed scheme supports almost all query operations available in plaintext database environments, especially multi-dimensional, multi-keyword searches with range query. Specifically, in the proposed scheme, an Adelson-Velsky Landis (AVL) tree is utilized to construct the index, and an order-revealing encryption (ORE) algorithm is used to encrypt the AVL tree and realize range query. As document-based databases are probably the most popular NoSQL database, due to their flexibility, high efficiency, and ease of use, MongoDB, a document-based NoSQL database, is chosen to store the encrypted PHR data in our scheme. Experimental results show that the scheme can achieve secure and practical searchable encryption for PHRs. A comparison of the range query demonstrates that the time overhead of our ORE-based scheme is 25.5% shorter than that of the mOPE-based Arx (an encrypted database system) scheme.

A fine-grained authorized keyword secure search scheme with efficient search permission update in cloud computing

With the rapid development of cloud computing, secure search has become a hot research spot, which is a promising technique that allows a data user to perform privacy-preserving keyword-based search over encrypted cloud data. In this paper, we further consider the secure search problem based on a practical application scenario that a data owner needs to grant different keyword query permissions for different data users to achieve flexible access control on outsourced encrypted data in the cloud computing environment. To address this problem, we propose a fine-grained authorized keyword secure search scheme by leveraging the ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (ABE), which not only supports privacy-preserving keyword-based search over encrypted data, but also inherits flexible and fine-grained data privilege control properties of ABE. Moreover, our proposed scheme is able to achieve fine-grained search permission update with very small communication and computation cost. By running the attribute revocation sub-protocol and attribute addition sub-protocol, the data owner can flexibly and efficiently update a data user’s keyword search permissions when the data user’s system role changes. We provide detailed performance analysis and rigorous security proof for our scheme. Extensive experiments demonstrate the correctness and practicality of the proposed scheme.

사우디아라비아 무함마드 빈 살만 왕세자의 정권안보 추구와 정책 변화

사우디아라비아 무함마드 빈 살만 왕세자의 정권안보 추구와 정책 변화

Justice and restitution as themes of South African foreign relations: The search for ontological security

ABSTRACTThe South African state considers its foreign relations as a means to an end. That end – the national interest – is articulated as developing the economy to address issues of poverty and underdevelopment inherited from years of oppressive and exploitative ‘foreign’ rule, and eventually to ‘build a better South Africa, in a better and safer world’. This article draws on IR theories of ontological security to explore how the South African state arrived at articulating this national interest by first looking at the ways in which historic relationships with states of the Global North have shaped the South African identity, and then asking to what extent South Africa expects states of the North to contribute toward the achievement of this goal as a form of restitution for the perceived injustices of the age of European imperialism.

Setup-Free Secure Search on Encrypted Data: Faster and Post-Processing Free

Abstract We present a novel secure search protocol on data and queries encrypted with Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). Our protocol enables organizations (client) to (1) securely upload an unsorted data array x = (x[1], . . . , x[n]) to an untrusted honest-but-curious sever, where data may be uploaded over time and from multiple data-sources; and (2) securely issue repeated search queries q for retrieving the first element (i*, x[i*]) satisfying an agreed matching criterion i* = min { i ∈ [n] | IsMatch(x[i], q) = 1 }, as well as fetching the next matching elements with further interaction. For security, the client encrypts the data and queries with FHE prior to uploading, and the server processes the ciphertexts to produce the result ciphertext for the client to decrypt. Our secure search protocol improves over the prior state-of-the-art for secure search on FHE encrypted data (Akavia, Feldman, Shaul (AFS), CCS’2018) in achieving: – Post-processing free protocol where the server produces a ciphertext for the correct search outcome with overwhelming success probability. This is in contrast to returning a list of candidates for the client to postprocess, or suffering from a noticeable error probability, in AFS. Our post-processing freeness enables the server to use secure search as a sub-component in a larger computation without interaction with the client. – Faster protocol: (a) Client time and communication bandwidth are improved by a log2 n/ log log n factor. (b) Server evaluates a polynomial of degree linear in log n (compare to cubic in AFS), and overall number of multiplications improved by up to log n factor. (c) Employing only GF(2) computations (compare to GF(p) for p ≫ in AFS) to gain both further speedup and compatibility to all current FHE candidates. – Order of magnitude speedup exhibited by extensive benchmarks we executed on identical hardware for implementations of ours versus AFS’s protocols. Additionally, like other FHE based solutions, our solution is setup-free: to outsource elements from the client to the server, no additional actions are performed on x except for encrypting it element by element (each element bit by bit) and uploading the resulted ciphertexts to the server.

Erratum

July 01 2019 Erratum Author and Article Information Online Issn: 1531-4804 Print Issn: 0162-2889 © 2019 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2019The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology International Security (2019) 44 (1): 200. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_x_00356 Connected Content This is a correction to: The Demographic Transition Theory of War: Why Young Societies Are Conflict Prone and Old Societies Are the Most Peaceful Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Erratum. International Security 2019; 44 (1): 200. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_x_00356 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsInternational Security Search Advanced Search On page 77, second line from the bottom of Brooks et al., “The Demographic Transition Theory of War: Why Young Societies Are Conflict Prone and Old Societies Are the Most Peaceful,” International Security, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Winter 2018/19), “total population” should be “adult population.” On page 78, figure 5, the caption “as a proportion of the total population” should be “as a proportion of the population aged 15 +.” View Original Article You do not currently have access to this content.

Reviewers for Volume 43

July 01 2019 Reviewers for Volume 43 Author and Article Information Online Issn: 1531-4804 Print Issn: 0162-2889 © 2019 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2019The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology International Security (2019) 44 (1): 201–203. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_x_00357 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Reviewers for Volume 43. International Security 2019; 44 (1): 201–203. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_x_00357 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsInternational Security Search Advanced Search From April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019, International Security received 339 article manuscripts. International Security relies heavily on the evaluations and advice of external reviewers in making its editorial decisions. The editors thank the reviewers listed below for their invaluable assistance. As in previous years, we are recognizing outstanding reviewers for the exceptional quality, quantity, and timeliness of their reviews. Outstanding reviewers are denoted with an asterisk (∗). Max Abrahms James Acton∗ Karen Adams Fiona Adamson Prakash Adhikari Mansoor Ahmed∗ Holger Albrecht Khalid Almezaini Dan Altman Nicholas Anderson Christopher Anzalone∗ Eduardo Araral Aaron Arnold Robert Art Tricia Bacon Kristin Bakke Brian Balmer Navin Bapat Corinne Bara Michael Beckley Paul Welch Behringer Mark Bell Alex Bellamy Mats Berdal Jeffrey Berejikian Rasmus Bertelsen Daniel Bessner Richard Betts Stephen Biddle Stephen Black Erica Borghard Wyn Bowen Frédéric Bozo Risa Brooks∗ Davis Brown Sarah Bush Daniel Byman∗ Mary Caprioli Allison Carnegie Austin Carson... You do not currently have access to this content.

Key-updatable public-key encryption with keyword search (Or: How to realize PEKS with efficient key updates for IoT environments)

Security and privacy are the key issues for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Especially, secure search is an important functionality for cooperation among users’ devices and non-trusted servers. Public-key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) enables us to search encrypted data and is expected to be used between a cloud server and users’ mobile devices or IoT devices. However, those mobile devices might be lost or stolen. For IoT devices, it might be difficult to store keys in a tamper-proof manner due to prohibitive costs. In this paper, we deal with such a key-exposure problem on PEKS and introduce the concept of PEKS with key-updating functionality, which we call key-updatable PEKS (KU-PEKS). Specifically, we propose two models of KU-PEKS: the key-evolution model and the key-insulation model. In the key-evolution model, a pair of public and secret keys can be updated if needed (e.g., the secret key is exposed). In the key-insulation model, the public key remains fixed while the secret key can be updated if needed. The former model makes a construction simple and more efficient than the latter. On the other hand, the latter model is preferable for practical use since a user never updates their public key. We show constructions in each model in a black-box manner. We also give implementation results on Raspberry Pi 3, which can be regarded as a reasonable platform of IoT devices.

Secure conjunctive multi-keyword ranked search over encrypted cloud data for multiple data owners

Recently, secure search over encrypted cloud data has become a hot research spot and challenging task. A number of secure search schemes have been proposed to try to meet this challenge. However, most of them only consider the single data owner model. In this paper, we propose a conjunctive multi-keyword ranked secure search scheme for multiple data owners. To guarantee data security and system flexibility in the multiple data owners environment, we design an ingenious secure query scheme that allows each data owner to adopt randomly chosen temporary keys to build secure indexes for different data files. An authorized data user does not need to know these temporary keys of constructing indexes and can instead randomly choose another temporary query keys to encrypt query keywords, while the cloud server can correctly perform keywords matching over encrypted data files. To rank the query results of a conjunctive multi-keyword query, the cloud server computes the similarity scores between the query and its query results according to encrypted relevance scores of keywords without obtaining any sensitive information. Extensive experiments demonstrate the correctness and practicality of the proposed scheme.

Securing Personal Health Record System in Cloud Using User Usage Based Encryption.

Cloud-based Personal Health Record (PHR) in the electronic and information system has become next generation cloud platform for facilitating efficient, secure and scalable data access to foster the collaborative care. Data owner prefers to outsource their confidential electronic data to the cloud for effective retrieval and storage without provoking the depletion or losses due to data management and maintenance. Secure data sharing and searching are vital. Be that as it may, secure search for the outsourced data is a formidable errand, which may easily incur the leakage of sensitive personal information. In this research, we propose a novel diversified access control framework composed of User Usage Based Encryption (UUBE) which is normally based on the searchable encryption scheme. In the UUBE demonstrate, Usage is mapped as credential/accreditation with time allotment to each event, where the event is considered as security trait or a privacy attribute. Data user/client can decipher an event if and only if there is a match between the accreditation and credential related to the event. A searchable encryption enables efficient routing of encrypted events using data or feature extraction algorithm as an important technique. Multicredential routing is modelled as an event dissemination strategy to strengthen weak data user confidentiality. The data user is permitted to maintain the accreditations/credentials as per their usage category. Private keys are assigned to the user/client as labels with the accreditations or credentials. A data owner/proprietor associates and relates each enciphered event with a set of credentials.

Modeling minimum detectable activity as a function of detector speed

A radiation detector’s sensitivity is important when designing survey plans. A measure of sensitivity is minimum detectable activity (MDA) which is the lowest amount of activity required for a signal to be distinguished above background. It has been known for some time that the efficiency of a moving detector can be improved by slowing the speed of travel. The Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual describes but does not quantify this effect. Decreased efficiency at higher speeds results in higher MDAs and thus less sensitive detectors. The purpose of this research is to specifically define the relationship between detector MDA and speed. Python was employed to calculate solid angle from equations developed by Masket and MCNP6.1 simulations were used to determine detection efficiency for a moving detector. Using these results efficiency as a function of detector travel speed was fit to a modified four-parameter logistic function (M4PL). The result of this work is a well defined relationship that can be used to predict MDA as a function of speed. The relationship can also be used by operators to determine the optimum speed needed to meet a predefined MDA. Understanding this relationship between detector speed and efficiency will improve detector performance in remediation efforts and national security search operations. The M4PL function developed in this research allows optimizing remediation and wide-area radiation survey activities by setting maximum survey speed to meet a predetermined MDA.

Survey on secure search over encrypted data on the cloud

SummaryCloud computing has become a potential resource for businesses and individuals to outsource their data to remote but highly accessible servers. However, the potential of cloud services has not been fully realized due to users concerns about data privacy and security. User‐side encryption techniques can be employed to mitigate the security concerns, but once the data is encrypted, no processing (eg, searching) can be performed on the outsourced data. Searchable Encryption (SE) techniques have been widely studied to enable searching on the data while they are encrypted. These techniques enable various types of search on the encrypted data and offer different levels of security. While these techniques enable different search types and vary in details, they share similarities in their components and architectures. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on different secure search techniques, a high‐level architecture for these systems, and an analysis of their performance and security level.

Terrorism, Deterrence, and the Search for Security in an Era of Violent Extremism

Thomas C. Schelling, author of The Strategy of Conflict (1960), Arms and Influence (1966), and Choice and Consequence (1984), among others, did not shy away from criticizing the United States’ (U.S...

FACTORS DETERMINING MIGRATION OF THE POPULATION

Migration as a phenomenon is present in the whole history of mankind. It is an unexplained urge for people to change, which is expressed in the search for security, happiness and opportunity for development. At different times, migration plays an important role in the lives of individuals, countries and continents, and becomes an important factor in the development of civilizations, their destiny and security. Politics plays a key role in the development and construction of migratory behavior in society. As a factor, it is related to the security of people, their interests in which their rights should not be violated or they should not be harmed in any way. Political instability and attitude to democratic potential are emerging as a reason for the emergence of migratory attitudes. Nowadays this factor is shifted from the socio-economic one.Migration factors are predominant in terms of economic divergences in some countries. The state of the economy in the countries plays a leading role. A lower standard of living will continue to be a supporting factor for external migration. In many countries there are negative trends in employment, economic activity and unemployment. There are a number of social problems related to the reduction of the living potential of the population. Poverty in one country strongly determines the motivation of the people. The inability of people to lead a normal and fulfilling life leads them to start looking for a better standard abroad.In today's globalization, migration is global. As a socio-economic phenomenon it is associated with the dynamics and mechanical movement of the population in the countries and regions. The consequences of migration processes can affect the demographic development of the population, the economy and other aspects of the life of the population. Their consequences are generally negative, although there are those that can also be considered positive.

Análisis del ciclo de vida de las publicaciones sobre la producción de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), a través de curvas en S

El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar el ciclo de vida de las publicaciones relacionadas con la producción de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), mediante las curvas en S. La revisión bibliográfica se efectuó en la base de datos Scopus. El análisis de la información sistematizada en el tiempo, se hizo con curvas en S que fueron construidas en el programa estadístico SigmaPlot®. Los resultados indican que las investigaciones se centran en las relaciones entre: Chenopodium – estrés, quinua – estrés, quinua – fisiología y quinua –grasa, perfilándose como áreas estratégicas de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico. Igualmente, el estudio de la quinua presenta avances significativos en Europa y Estados Unidos, mientras que en suramérica se han desarrollado principalmente en Argentina y Chile. Lo anterior permite deducir el bajo interés científico e investigativo de países productores y exportadores de quinua, como: Bolivia, Perú, Ecuador y Colombia. Esto último se constituye en una oportunidad para que los países de origen de la quinua, establezcan líneas de investigación y programas de formación de alto nivel, encaminados al fortalecimiento de la quinua como un alimento promisorio en la búsqueda de la seguridad alimentaria.

The search for security in precarious times: non-traditional graduates perspectives on higher education and employment

ABSTRACTThis article explores non-traditional student and graduate views of the university in Ireland and Portugal as it relates to their expectations of, and experiences in, the labour market. The research is based on in-depth biographical interviews with 61 non-traditional students and graduates conducted longitudinally (85 interviews in total). The article contextualises the research in relation to the expansion of higher education internationally as well as national and EU policies aimed at supporting a ‘knowledge-based economy’. It offers an overview of the meaning of precarity. It then outlines key empirical findings from the research related to student expectations of their degree and their post-graduation experience in the labour market. In particular, it explores the phenomenon of precarity amongst graduates how this is experienced and handled in various ways. Using a critical and egalitarian lens the overall aim of the research is to widen the focus of widening participation debates and explore how educational and institutional initiatives impact, or not, on wider social and employment inequalities.