This article is an overview of the main results of the section on oxidative catalysis, which is one of the most prospective and intensively developing spheres of catalysis. Basic tendencies and achievements in this field of catalysis are shown, results on the investigation of catalysts used in the synthesis of commercially important products including those of fine organic synthesis are analyzed, and the development of partial oxidation catalytic technologies, the search of new catalysts for these processes, and also the application of deep oxidation processes to the solution of environmental problems are considered. Works concerning the synthesis of catalytic systems based on gold nanoparticles are especially emphasized.