Search For National Identity Research Articles

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ КУЛЬТУРЫ В РОССИИ: ОТ ИСТОРИИ К СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ВСЕОБЩЕГО ДУХА

The article presents an analysis of the development of Russian culture from ancient times to the present day, with a focus on philosophical and cultural concepts, so, based on Hegel's theory of the universal spirit, the author studies how the cultural development of Russia was inspired by the desire for full self-realization through cultural forms. The work examines issues of cultural evolution, for example, what the Soviet philosopher M.S. Kagan reveals that culture is a composite system that has many subsystems and elements, and the theories of sociocultural evolution and dual inheritance view culture as a mechanism of natural selection and social learning. Further, the article analyzes in detail the influence of Byzantine culture on the formation of the Russian cultural and spiritual landscape, highlighting the role of Christianity, icon painting and architectural styles; The period of Europeanization and the search for national identity in the 18th-19th centuries is discussed, including the reforms of Peter I and the influence of great Russian writers and composers on world culture. Changes in the cultural life of the USSR, especially under the influence of ideology and control in the post-war years, and the subsequent development of science and education are also analyzed; it is determined that in the post-Soviet period the main emphasis is on the process of globalization and the search for a new cultural identity, while the author talks about the role of youth in preserving national culture and overcoming cultural isolation.

Pakistani Urdu Short Story and Search for National Identity

This research paper titled "Pakistani Urdu Short Story and Search for National identity" have analyzed the Urdu short story since 1947 till day. This reference is a national identification. In this regard, the different perspectives, trends and dictions have been studied and gone through minutely. This article is a successful attempt of searching the milestones of national identification in Urdu short story written after independence. However, this study and analysis somehow or the other takes into account the Urdu short story written before 1947.

Social entrepreneurship as new category in modern jurisprudence

It is indicated that in the conditions of war there is a rethinking of universal human values, the foundations of statehood, the search for national identity, and the formation of the nation’s psychology. At the same time, the formation and evolution of new legal institutions, in particular social entrepreneurship, is taking place. Given the urgency of solving acute social problemsand creating additional guarantees regarding the right to an adequate standard of living, there is a need for quick response to changes occurring in society and business adaptation to the specified legal metamorphoses. That is why the article is devoted to the consideration of the historical genesis of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The article analyzes the reasons for the impossibility of implementing social entrepreneurship in the 20th century, in particular due to the communist order and peculiarities of state formation under totalitarianism.
 It is noted that the term “social business” was first used by Nobel laureate M. Yunus. According to M. Yunus, social business is an enterprise that benefits a significant part of society. Among the seven principles of social business described by Yunus, it is possible to highlight the f ight against poverty, return of investments without dividends, environmental awareness and improvement of working conditions. According to Yunus, social business should be the leading model of future capitalism with a human face. Grameen Bank, founded by M. Yunus himself, can be called an example of a social business. The main features of social entrepreneurship are outlined as an effective mechanism for ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of the socially vulnerable population.The importance of social entrepreneurship in modern Ukrainian state-building is substantiated through the prism of the need for responsibility of entrepreneurs, the introduction of new models of value orientations in business, and the focus on overcoming the consequences of the aggression of the terrorist country russia.In the course of the research, we come to the conclusion that social entrepreneurship can symbolize the departure of Ukrainian society from collectivism and the transition to individualism, where legal entities and natural personsentrepreneurs, through their activities on their own initiative, create decent conditions for the life of socially vulnerable segments of the population.

Theatrical Mask of China's Theater Culture: search for national identity. Abstract

The art of mask in Chinese culture is presented, the scenic image of which is the embodiment of theatrical art in the context of becoming a national identity. Cultural, historical, and art-based approaches have been used to enable an objective study of the historical and scientific aspects of the development of this art in China. The role of the mask in the performing arts is analyzed, which allows to evaluate its significance and functions in Chinese culture, forms, techniques and methods of using and creating the artistic image; artistic features and characteristic genre traits, productivity of use in national theater are revealed. It is well known that for centuries the mask has been an important attribute of theatrical spectacles, and in the form of tragic and comical grimaces has become an emblem of theatrical art as a whole. The semantics of this word indicate that the mask is functionally defined as the object by which the performer changes appearance. The article points out the peculiarities of figurative interpretation of universal formative properties of theatrical Chinese mask, which is still considered a separate type of visual culture, which played a special role in the development of artistic genres and styles, identified the main stages of certain artistic models of Eastern theater. The theatrical mask is described as a means of acting tools, an integral attribute of the stage action, a means of expressing the emotions of the character, the role and significance of the mask in the creation of the artistic and stage image are generalized. The purpose of the study is to present the main directions of scientific research of theatrical masks in Chinese culture in the context of the development of performing arts. And the task of the research is to present as accurately as possible the historical importance and natural necessity of the presence of a stage mask in traditional theatrical culture, its organicity in the creation of productions, high artistic value in revealing the image of Chinese theater characters.

Concepts of historical memory and the politics of memory in the context of social and historical-humanitarian studies (historiographic analysis)

The article presents a historiographic review of historical memory and, based on this, examines the meaning and features of the process of rethinking national histories. The relevance of the presented work lies in the fact that today there is a “memorial boom”, which leads to a critical analysis of the past, a revision of the main plots of the history of the state and society. Since gaining independence, the post-Soviet countries have been embraced by the search for national identity. In this search, an important role was played by the reevaluation of one’s own history; based on new methodological approaches, the colonial experience, postcolonial transformations are being investigated. Thus, this paper aims to analyze a wide range of theoretical and historiographic material, the works of the founders of the concept of memory, fundamental works of researchers, from whom new directions came, such as the “politics of memory” or “trauma of memory”, etc. The authors of this article consider the theoretical foundations of memory, which have become significant in such sciences as sociology, history, philosophy, political science, etc. The study uses historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic methods, as well as methods of retrospective and prospective analysis. The historiographic review of foreign and domestic authors helped to consider and analyze such concepts as historical memory and historical politics. In the works of French, German, American researchers, the theoretical and methodological foundations of the category of memory were studied. Russian and Kazakh historiography are represented by modern research, which is aimed at studying the processes associated with mythologizing, politicizing these processes, commemorative practices, local and regional aspects

FEATURES OF MODERN EXPERIENCE OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF CULT OBJECTS OF THE ORTHODOX RITE OF DNIPROPETROVSK REGION

Problem statement. For the last thirty years, Ukraine has been experiencing a dynamic growth of temple construction, and Dnipropetrovsk region is one of the leaders in this trend. This is an important chain in the process of restoring the temple-building tradition in independent Ukraine, which requires generalizations, which determines the relevance of the topic. Purpose of the article. to formulate tendencies and the main directions of search of modern means of formation of cult constructions of Dnepropetrovsk region. The main part. The modern experience of designing and building Orthodox churches of Dnipropetrovsk region is considered. Four main trends in the formation of temple architecture of the Dnieper region have been identified − traditional, the search for national identity, the latest formation and hierotopia. Their characteristics and examples are given. Particular attention is paid to the concept of hierotopia with a project proposal. Conclusion. The experience of modern urban planning in the Dnipropetrovsk region provided an opportunity to determine that at this time, the ideology of “traditionalism” still dominates. There is a fairly stable and widespread direction of “national historicism”. The concept of hierotopia can be considered as a perspective. In general, it is possible to determine that most of the transformations in the temple-building activity of the Dnieper region have an evolutionary character, which is adjusted to the established traditions of Orthodox church building.

Memoirs of A.N. Benois in the Context of Search for National Identity by the Intelligentsia of the Silver Age

Memoirs of A.N. Benois in the Context of Search for National Identity by the Intelligentsia of the Silver Age

Hungarian Nationalism and Hungarian Pan-Turanism until the Beginning of the Second World War

Abstract After the Napoleonic Wars in the 19th century, the development and spread of nationalism in Europe began to accelerate. The development of the national consciousness of the peoples living under the domination of the empires in Europe damaged the legitimacy of the empires in Europe and started to threaten the existence of the empires in Europe. These nationalist movements especially affected the Habsburg Empire, the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Tsardom, and these regions became areas of nationalist conflict.1 The word ‘Turan’, which is used to describe the Central Asian lands where Turkish tribes live, gained its ideological meaning in the 19th and 20th centuries. ‘Turanism’, which started to gain its ideological meaning in the second half of the 19th century in Hungary, which can be defined as an Asian country in the middle of Europe, has become an ideology identified with Hungarians, Hungarian nationalism and the Hungarian awakening. ‘Hungarian Turanism’, which has undergone many changes in its ideological depiction, was born and strengthened from the search for national identity among economic and social problems in Hungary, which is considered an ‘insecure’ society in Europe due to the threats of Slavic and Germanic elements. Hungarian nationalism and Hungarian identity, which were shaped in an ethnocultural context, evolved from a liberal/political basis to an ethnocultural and pan-nationalist practice. Especially at the beginning of the 20th century, the ‘Hungarian Turanism’ ideology, which started to strengthen with the Hungarian elites and intellectuals focusing on Hungarian national interests, culture and expansionist policies against external threats, led to the emergence of a new nationalism movement, Pan-Turanism. Hungarian nationalism and ‘Hungarian Turanism’ ideology, which started to develop and transform on different grounds, especially after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, became stronger in the interwar period after the First World War and became an important part of the fascist Hungarian parties supported by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.

Прием перифраза как маркер поиска идентичности в современных словацких художественных произведениях

Modern Slovak literature is nationally oriented. One of the frequent issues in the works of Slovak authors is the search for national identity. This issue is considered by writers explicitly, for example, in the story by Pavel Vilikovský “Všetko, čo viem o stredoeurópanstve” (1996, “Everything I know about Central Europeanism”), in the story by Michal Hvorecký “Profesionálny Stredoeurópan” (2004, “Professional Central European”); and implicitly, for example, in the novels of Peter Krishtufek “Šepkár” (2008, “The Prompter”), “Dom hluchého” (2012, “The House of the Deaf Man”), in the novels of Irena Brezhna “Na slepačích krídlach” (2007, “The Best of the Worlds”), “Nevďačná cudzinka” (2012, “The Thankless Stranger”), etc. These works contain various kinds of linguistic markers that express the author's position. These can be realia lexemes, foreign language inclusions, non-literary vocabulary, etc. The paper examines one of the elements that unite all the above-mentioned works — namely, the method of сircumlocution. Describing the situation in Slovakia, the authors in the above fiction works do not name their country, cities, people and language directly, instead giving only their descriptive designation. This technique can be viewed as a linguistic marker of the search for national identity.

Whose Children? Extracurricular Education in the Countries of the Former Soviet Union

The system of extracurricular education in the Soviet Union had a high level of institutional development and sustainability, which ensured universal coverage of children with extracurricular activities and their accessibility. After the collapse of the USSR, the former Soviet republics built extracurricular education sectors based on Soviet heritage and the search for national identity in the organization of extracurricular time for children and their upbringing. This study compares the current state of extracurricular education sectors in all 15 countries of the former Soviet Union. The results of the analysis of models of their institutional transformation, which leads to meaningful and systemic changes in the state’s and society’s attitude to children’s extracurricular time, are presented.

The search for national identity in the discourse analysis of YouTube comments

YouTube is a popular social media site that provides the users a space to view, upload video clips or log in and write comments. Even though many of the YouTube users remain anonymous when commenting, their language use in the comments can reflect the identity of a particular community. Therefore, a variety of computer-mediated discourse can be obtained from YouTube in deciphering a specific community or a country’s identity. This qualitative study is keen to investigate the representation of the Malaysian identity in the YouTube comments. Analysis were performed on the YouTube comments of Malaysian-related YouTube videos uploaded by famous Malaysian YouTubers. Textual analysis and coding of the YouTube comments were carried out using the NVivo software based on Herring’s (2004) Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA) and Braun & Clarke’s (2006) Thematic Analysis framework. Findings showed that there were various themes that were repeated in the YouTube comments discourse which is a representation of the Malaysian identities, namely feelings of love towards the country, Malaysian cuisine, language mix, being multiracial, Malaysian behaviours or stereotypes, and the birth country Malaysia. These results provide insights into the discourse that are associated with Malaysian identities and contributed knowledge to fill in the gap in literature regarding national identity in social media, particularly Malaysia.

We Will Feed Our and a New World: Several Cases of Food Ways of Frontier Regions. Part 2

This article is the second part of the study of regional foodways. If the first part is devoted to the analysis of the foodscape of Astrakhan, the second part analyzes the food system of the Republic of Peru. The choice of this object of study is based on the frontier nature of the region, the diversity of economic and cultural types, and hybridity. All these factors allow us to compare the ways of formation of the foodways of these regions.
 The Peruvian alimentary landscape began to form in the 16th century, after the conquest of Peru by the Spanish conquistadors. As a result of mutual influences and struggles between elements of autochthonous and alien cultures, a new "hybrid" phenomenon takes shape. The turning point in the development of national cuisine was in the 1930s, when, as a result of gastropolitical strategies, the government managed to create a food system accessible to the workers of large cities. The opening of “people's restaurants” allowed workers to have calorie-dense food. It also contributed to the creation of a national food system.
 The search for national identity among the Peruvian elite led to the “discovery” of their national roots. The fact that Peruvian culture was based on natural and ethnic diversity made the country's alimentary system diverse and rich. This process coincided with global trends in the approach to food in the sense of a focus on “simple” and “healthy” peasant foods, as opposed to foods undergone of maximum processing. Ultimately, this was manifested in the creation of a “new Andean cuisine” that embraced Peru's centuries-old traditions and the country's natural diversity. In doing so, Peruvian restaurateurs used both familiar approaches to business and invented new ones that went beyond the culinary arts. As a result of the efforts of many culinary masters and restaurateurs, in competition with internationally renowned culinary brands, a new global culinary brand has been created, recognized around the world.

For Peculiarities of Representation of Women's Roles and Their Changes in Women's Magazines: Case of the Magazine Moteris

For a long time, the patriarchal tradition of portraying a woman as stereotypical has been established, confining her to traditional roles in the family and society. Media publications often become the main source of constructing attitudes and beliefs in society. The peculiarities of portraying women in the media are an important means of constructing women's self-awareness. The purpose of this article – to introduce the research conducted to investigate the peculiarities of representation of the women‘s roles in the women's magazines and their transformation. For implementation this research it has been chosen the largest monthly magazine for the Lithuanian women „Woman“ and the issues have been chosen published in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018 to fulfill the qualitative and quantitative content analysis. The transition from the Soviet system to the capitalist society is characterized by transformation of values, the search for national identity, the establishmen the new models of relations in the society, the establishmen to the lifestyle characteristic to the capitalist society, etc. The images presented in the media draw the attention of individuals and shape the public's perception of what a woman should be and what responsibilities are assigned to her.

Imaginando a nação no teatro

O romantismo e o modernismo na literatura brasileira procuraram trabalhar com o tema de nossa nacionalidade como meio de nos autorreconhecermos, uma busca por uma identidade nacional. Com o advento do pós-modernismo e, principalmente, dos estudos culturais, a questão da identidade nacional e da representação da nação voltou à carga; historiadores, cientistas sociais e críticos literários e das artes visuais vêm debatendo acerca do tema e, portanto, vemos análises de romances, contos, poemas, pinturas, instalações, filmes e séries de TV, entre outros, que tratam de como esses meios procuram representar a nação – ou se ainda é possível falar de modo totalizante de narrativas da nação e de identidade nacional. Entretanto, esse ponto não parece tão premente nos estudos teatrais. Embora haja peças que procuram narrar o meio, o espaço e a sociedade, seja a nação ou a cidade – essa às vezes como representativa de uma ideia de nação –, o debate sobre o que seria essa ideia de nação e identidade nacional é, na crítica teatral, escasso. Esse artigo tem, portanto, o objetivo de analisar como a nação foi imaginada e o entendimento de identidade nacional na peça BR3, assinada por Bernardo Carvalho e encenada pela companhia Teatro da Vertigem.

От Восток/Запад к глобальной историографии

The article considers the historiographical situation in the world science, the exhaustion of the heuristic potential of the traditional East/West binary opposition and the displacement of its new West / Rest. The formation of «global historiography» is traced, its cultural and historical prerequisites in the origin of the discipline «general history» in Russia are revealed. At the same time, the initial assumptions of the anti-globalist trend in modern historiography, associated with the search for national identity, are revealed. It is noted the appeal of conservative Russian thought to the Byzantine heritage, to the spiritual potential of Asian societies.

История мировой индологии в современной историографии

The reason for the article was «History of Indian History» by Leonid Alaev. The book poses several general theoretical questions about the importance of historiography as a «self-reflection» of historical science, the relationship between historical knowledge and historical consciousness. It focuses on the impact on the scientific process of political interests and the search for national identity, which determines the difference of individual national schools. The author of the book shows that for all the differences of the latter, the common logic of the scientific process, which is represented by the folding and evolution of Indology as a world scientific discipline, breaks through the road.

Reflexion on Modernity and the Search for National Identity in Chinese Painting

Reflexion on Modernity and the Search for National Identity in Chinese Painting

The Formation of the Paradigm of National Self-identification in the Ukrainian Art of the End of the Nineteenth Century

The aim of the study is to show the unity of processes in the Ukrainian and European art in the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries and to identify the connections between modern ideas and the formation of national identity. The methodology of the research. Methods of historical and art-study analysis have been used. Scientific novelty. The reasons for Ukrainians’ desire for national self-identification are revealed, the process of formation of the Ukrainian artistic elite in the context of the development of cultural autonomy is shown. Conclusions. As a result of the research, it has been discovered that the search for national identity in the realm of art, including the process of creating a national style, became a characteristic feature of the formation of self-identification among the representatives of artistic intellectual class. The formation and development of artistic life in Ukraine, as well as the formation of the national art elite through the creation of an art education system have been shown.

Moldova: the Search for National Identity – from the Imperial Past to the Present

The article discusses the processes of searching for the national identity in the Republic of Moldova in the post-Soviet period. The conditions in which the reforms took place in the country are analyzed. The factors influencing the directions and prospects of further development of the Moldovan society are investigated. It is shown that the transformation process, which was initially assumed to be democratic, took place in an atmosphere of socio-political crises and conflicts, fluctuations in domestic and foreign policy. This process had a non-linear wave-like character. The construction of statehood in the country was accompanied by the emergence of ideological, political and cultural divisions in the political elite and in the masses of Moldovan society, which were then intensified, then softened with a certain periodicity. It is noted that the Republic of Moldova is practically the only state in Europe where the crisis of national identity is the determining factor in the polarization of the views of political forces. It was concluded that the incompleteness of the process of national identity in Moldova is intensified by the action of external factors, as a result of which the state is subject to the influence of more significant subjects of international politics.

Na perekhresti volynskykh dorih: zhyttia rodyn Levchanivskykh i Hrodzinskykh naprykintsi ХІХ – u ХХІ stolittiakh

The article deals with the lives of well-known families of Grodzinsky and Levchanivsky in Volyn. Describes the origin, outlook, values, occupations, life paths of family members during the twentieth century. The focus is on the search for national identity and political orientations of the descendants of the Grodzinsky and Levchanovsky families.