Language Search Research Articles

Два источника, две составляющие архитектурных практик Казани (вторая половина XIX начало XX века)

Статья представляет собой обобщённый взгляд на архитек­турные процессы в Казани во второй половине XIX начале XX века. Казань, присоединённая к Русскому государству в 1552 году в результате покорения Казанского ханства, воспринималась им­перской властью как центр завоёванного татарского государства и одновременно (по выражению Роберта Джераси) как «окно» России на Восток. Такой взгляд на бывшую «столицу большого царства» предопределил место города в структуре Российской империи, его особую цивилизаторскую миссию, связанную с продвижением «западной цивилизации» на «непросвещённый Восток». В XIX веке столица Казанской губернии стала центром учебного, военного и судебного округов. Проживавшие в городе татарымусульмане являлись частью имперского просветитель­ского проекта. В статье показано, что оба начала имперское и татаромусульманское явственно обнаружили себя в облике Казани, но в разном качестве. Первое сказалось в устойчиво­сти классицизма, как правило, связывавшейся с «задержкой» этого стиля в провинции. В случае Казани эта приверженность классической традиции диктовалась скорее актуальностью идеи империи в завоёванном регионе и сохранявшейся потребностью визуализировать её архитектурноградостроительными сред­ствами. Второе отражало общие для эпохи явления, связанные с самоидентификацией народов и нациестроительством, неизбежно охватившие не только титульный русский народ, но и инород­ческое население Российской империи. Их проявлением стали впервые появившиеся общественные здания для татар и интерес к ориентальным формам, иллюстрирующий поиск архитектурного языка для демонстрации татарской национальной идентичности.

A Digital Nudge to Counter Confirmation Bias.

Fake news is increasingly an issue on social media platforms. In this work, rather than detect misinformation, we propose the use of nudges to help steer internet users into fact checking the news they read online. We discuss two types of nudging strategies, by presentation and by information. We present the tool BalancedView, a proof-of-concept that shows news stories relevant to a tweet. The method presents the user with a selection of articles from a range of reputable news sources providing alternative opinions from the whole political spectrum, with these alternative articles identified as matching the original one by a combination of natural language processing and search. The results of an initial user study of BalancedView suggest that nudging by information may change the behavior of users towards that of informed news readers.

ICD-10 Codes for the Study of Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions in Administrative Databases

Chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) are a set of painful chronic conditions characterized by high levels of co-occurrence. It has been hypothesized that COPCs co-occur in many cases because of common neurobiological vulnerabilities. In practice, most research on COPCs has focused upon a single index condition with little effort to assess comorbid painful conditions. This likely means that important phenotypic differences within a sample are obscured. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system contains many diagnostic classifications that may be applied to individual COPCs, but there is currently no agreed upon set of codes for identifying and studying each of the COPCs. Here we seek to address this issue through three related projects 1) we first compile a set of ICD-10 codes from expert panels for ten common COPCs, 2) we then use natural language searches of medical records to validate the presence of COPCs in association with the proposed expert codes, 3) finally, we apply the resulting codes to a large administrative medical database to derive estimates of overlap between the ten conditions as a demonstration project. The codes presented can facilitate administrative database research on COPCs. PerspectiveThis article presents a set of ICD-10 codes that researchers can use to explore the presence and overlap of COPCs in administrative databases. This may serve as a tool for estimating samples for research, exploring comorbidities, and treatments for individual COPCs, and identifying mechanisms associated with their overlap.

A study of using syntactic cues in short-text similarity measure

Short-text semantic similarity is an essential technique of natural language search and is widely used in social network analysis and opinion mining to find unknown knowledge. Such similarity measures usually measure short texts with 10-20 words. Similar to spoken utterances, short texts do not necessarily follow formal grammatical rules. The limited information contained in short texts and their syntactic and semantic flexibility make similarity measures difficult. Therefore, this study designed and tested a part-of-speech-based short-text similarity algorithm to solve those problems. The effects of evaluating different parts of speech are thoroughly discussed. The proposed algorithm achieved the best performance using word measures corresponding to different parts of speech.

Disentangling the Jargon: Journalists’ Access and Utilisation of Climate Change Information in Tanzania

ABSTRACTThis quantitative and qualitative study investigated journalists’ access to and use of climate change information in Tanzania. It used snowball and purposive sampling methods to identify journalists from the local media. In all, 75 journalists took part in the study. Key findings indicate that conferences and researchers are information sources mostly consulted by the journalists when accessing climate change information. Results reveal journalists’ increased internet use and yet low (N = 27 [37.5%]) usage of social media to access climate change information. Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp were the most used social media platforms. Convenience and timely access to information sources influenced the journalists’ internet usage. The study also found journalists’ insufficient analytical skills, limited awareness of information sources, improper co-ordination, language, reading culture, inadequate training and insufficient information search skills as key challenges to accessing and using climate change information. Challenges to access and use signify low coverage of climate change information in Tanzania. The study concludes that journalists’ specialisation, access to conferences, researchers, internet, and relevant and reliable resources can increase quantity, quality and coverage of climate change information. The study recommends regular information literacy training for journalists to promote their online search skills, reading culture and understanding of climate change.

Reporting of surgical response to disasters in low-income and middle-income countries: a literature review

Abstract Background Natural and man-made disasters can overwhelm the capacity of surgical systems in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most studies addressing peri-disaster surgical care focus on international relief efforts rather than on how disasters stress local surgical capacity. Our understanding of factors that affect the ability of health systems to absorb increased volume and case-complexity is poor. We conducted a structured literature review to identify whether components of capacity were reported as part of surge response in local surgical care after disasters. Methods We searched PubMed and Medline databases for articles published between January, 2008, and August, 2018, using English language search terms for LMICs, surgery, and disasters. We extracted information about the WHO region, disaster classification, and the components of surge capacity using the 4S framework: Staff (human resources), Stuff (equipment/supplies), Space (infrastructure), and Systems (logistics). The 4S components were further classified by data quality into the following categories: quantitative description, qualitative description, or no description. Findings We identified 7704 articles but after applying exclusion criteria, including foreign aid response, we selected 84 articles for analysis. Most articles (59/84 [70%]) described earthquakes and 40/84 (48%) reported events in the Western Pacific region. Using the 4S framework, we identified articles that reported quantitative data: 16 (19%) for Staff, 3 (4%) for Stuff, 21 (25%) for Space, and 9 (11%) for Systems. Despite a low threshold for quantitative categorisation, only 1/84 (1%) articles described all four components with quantitative data. By comparison, 51/84 (61%) articles provide no quantitative data on any of the four components. Interpretation There is no organised framework for evaluation of surgical surge capacity in disasters. Our analysis shows that there are very few descriptions of capacity within disaster literature and a limited understanding of LMIC health system response to surges in surgical volume. Without a structured framework to collect data on health system response, we miss opportunities to identify and strengthen areas of insufficient capacity. We encourage the incorporation of quantitative surgical metrics when reporting outcomes after disaster response, and propose the 4S framework as a conceptual model for reporting such metrics and understanding the surgical system response to disasters. Funding None.

How People Forgive: A Systematic Review of Nurse-Authored Qualitative Research.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review of qualitative forgiveness studies by nurse authors is to contribute to the body of holistic nursing knowledge by discovering answers to the following research questions: (a) where/how does a person get the power to forgive? and (b) what are the people who forgive like? Method: We conducted a systematic search of the English language, peer-reviewed literature for nurse-authored, primary qualitative research that answered our research questions. A total of 188 potential studies were found, and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Study participants used interpersonal, intrapersonal, and transpersonal sources of power to forgive, including prayer, meditation, and support from family, friends, and nurses. The findings also revealed the cognitive, emotional, and spiritual traits of forgiving people, including being faith oriented, empathetic, and understanding the meaning of forgiveness as letting go of negative emotions. The findings confirm activities listed under "Forgiveness Facilitation" (2018) in Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) and suggest additions. Conclusion: This literature review adds to nursing knowledge by synthesizing the findings of the review in a way that provides guidance to nurses to help facilitate forgiveness with patients who want that.

Histological findings and pathologic diagnosis of spiradenocarcinoma: A case series and review of the literature.

Atypical spiradenoma and spiradenocarcinoma present a diagnostic challenge. We aim to assess the significance of certain histologic features, which may facilitate diagnosis of these tumors. A natural language search for cases of "atypical spiradenoma" and "spiradenocarcinoma" diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 was performed. Original slides were retrieved and a subset of cases (n = 5) were stained for Ki-67, p53, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and S100. All cases (n = 7) were assessed for overall architecture, atypical mitotic figures, abnormal cytology, necrosis, ductal proliferation, dilated vessels, and loss of dual cell population. All our cases showed an abrupt transition from benign to malignant morphology, nuclear atypia, atypical mitotic figures, and a monomorphic loss of the dual cell population (7/7; 100%). The majority also had dilated vessels (6/7; 85.7%), and ductal dilation or proliferation (5/7; 71.4%). Fewer cases showed tumor encapsulation (3/7; 43%), massive necrosis (3/7; 43%), and focal cellular necrosis (1/7; 14%). All cases showed a relatively increased Ki-67 proliferation index at the transitional interface (5/5; 100%). Almost all cases stained positively for p53 (4/5; 80%). Malignant areas of tumor or at the transitional interface showed more intense S100 staining (3/5; 60%). All cases were negative for CEA. Histologic features that strongly favor atypical spiradenoma or spiradenocarcinoma include abrupt transition to malignant foci, atypical mitotic figures, and monomorphic loss of the dual cell population. Ki-67, p53, and S100 may help delineate areas of atypical or malignant transformation in spiradenomas.

Lack of Current Recommendations for Resuming Sexual Activity Following Spinal Surgery.

Patients are faced with many questions surrounding the after effects of the various surgical procedures and their ability to return to preoperative activities. While patients often question whether surgery would provide alleviation of pain, weakness, and instability, they often have additional questions about sexual activity during their convalescence that are not always addressed. Although the literature shows postsurgical improvement in sexual activity in association with improved low back pain, reports vaguely address the variability in sexual activity recommendations based on anatomic location and type of spinal surgery. We conducted a PubMed search of the English language from 1990 to 2018 with the following keywords: sexual activity, postoperative, spinal fusion, spinal decompression, functional outcomes, laminectomy, rehabilitation, biomechanics, lumbar disc surgery, metabolic energy expenditure, coital position, and Oswestry Disability Index. Additional studies are needed that survey both patients and spine surgeons to examine current recommendations and to help formulate future guidelines.

What evidence exists relating to effectiveness of ecotechnologies in agriculture for the recovery and reuse of carbon and nutrients in the Baltic and boreo-temperate regions? A systematic map protocol

BackgroundThe degradation of the water quality of the Baltic Sea is an ongoing problem, despite investments in measures to reduce external inputs of pollutants and nutrients from both diffuse and point sources. Excessive inputs of nutrients coming from the surrounding land are among the primary causes of the Baltic Sea eutrophication. Diffuse sources, of which most originate from agricultural activities, are two dominant riverine pollution pathways for both nitrogen and phosphorus. Recently, there is growing attention on the reuse of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural waste streams. However, to our knowledge, no comprehensive and systematic assessment of ecotechnologies focusing on recovery or reuse of these substances in the agricultural sector is available.MethodsThis map will examine what evidence exists relating to effectiveness of ecotechnologies (here defined as ‘human interventions in social-ecological systems in the form of practices and/or biological, physical, and chemical processes designed to minimise harm to the environment and provide services of value to society’) in agriculture for the reuse of carbon and/or nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the Baltic Sea region and boreo-temperate systems. We will search for both academic and grey literature: English language searches will be performed in 4 bibliographic databases and search platforms, and Google Scholar, while searches in 38 specialist websites will be performed in English, Finnish, Polish and Swedish. The searches will be restricted to the period 2013 to 2017. Eligibility screening will be conducted at two levels: title and abstract (screened concurrently for efficiency) and full text. Meta-data will be extracted from eligible studies including bibliographic details, study location, ecotechnology name and description, type of outcome (i.e. recovered or reused carbon and/or nutrients), type of ecotechnology in terms of recovery source, and type of reuse (in terms of the end-product). Findings will be presented narratively and in a searchable geographically explicit database, visualised in an evidence atlas (an interactive geographical information system). Knowledge gaps and knowledge clusters in the evidence base will be identified and described.

Re-Enchantments of the World in Leaden Times: The Magic of Chuck Berry in German Life and Literature

ABSTRACTWith songs like “Roll Over Beethoven,” “Rock and Roll Music,” “Sweet Little Sixteen,” “Johnny B. Goode” and the covered “Route 66” Chuck Berry stands for the longing for freedom, the freshness of a new beginning, a countercultural revolt: emotions, attitudes, values and symbols felt and appreciated even more intensely in the leaden times of gloomy petit-bourgeois postwar Germany. And in a society where there was a great gulf between adult classical music and youthful rock music, where Beethoven remained an icon of traditional culture, “Roll Over Beethoven” sounded even more provocative than elsewhere. The article centers on Berry’s reception in works by Rolf Dieter Brinkmann, Heinrich Detering, Stefan T. Gruner, Peter Handke, and Wim Wenders and shows that to a considerable extent Berry is a writers’ musician in Germany and helped poets in their search for a new poetic language.

Венские метаморфозы: от вальса к теории языка Л. Витгенштейна

The article focuses on the search for a new language in art and literature as well as some Viennese influences that came to the fore in various fields of art and science at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Waltz was a symbol of Viennese culture, and was largely responsible for the image of the beautiful, dancing Vienna of the 19th century right up to the First World War. Its transformation clearly shows all the changes that faced Austrian culture at the turn of the century. This was manifested in the work of composers who, despite their non-Austrian origin, experienced strong Viennese influences, e.g. R. Strauss, M. Ravel. Waltz turned out to be the measure of things that highlighted new trends. The search for a language is one of the central issues of the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Despite its long-lasting tradition, the Viennese waltz could not resist the trend for change. The choreographic poem Waltz by M. Ravel became the symbol of the new picture of the world.

Semantic Integration and Enrichment of Heterogeneous Biological Databases.

Biological databases are growing at an exponential rate, currently being among the major producers of Big Data, almost on par with commercial generators, such as YouTube or Twitter. While traditionally biological databases evolved as independent silos, each purposely built by a different research group in order to answer specific research questions; more recently significant efforts have been made toward integrating these heterogeneous sources into unified data access systems or interoperable systems using the FAIR principles of data sharing. Semantic Web technologies have been key enablers in this process, opening the path for new insights into the unified data, which were not visible at the level of each independent database. In this chapter, we first provide an introduction into two of the most used database models for biological data: relational databases and RDF stores. Next, we discuss ontology-based data integration, which serves to unify and enrich heterogeneous data sources. We present an extensive timeline of milestones in data integration based on Semantic Web technologies in the field of life sciences. Finally, we discuss some of the remaining challenges in making ontology-based data access (OBDA) systems easily accessible to a larger audience. In particular, we introduce natural language search interfaces, which alleviate the need for database users to be familiar with technical query languages. We illustrate the main theoretical concepts of data integration through concrete examples, using two well-known biological databases: a gene expression database, Bgee, and an orthology database, OMA.

The strength and weaknesses of the varieties of capitalism approach: the case of Central and Eastern Europe

Abstract The purpose of the article is to characterize selected theoretical and methodological advantages, controversies, and limitations of the varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach in application to Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. It indicates the reasons for the usefulness of such an approach for the study of postcommunist capitalism in the region. The application of the VoC is considered as going beyond the dominant approaches to systemic changes in CEE in the 1990s, such as the strategy of neoliberal economic reforms and the “transitology” prevailing among political scientists and sociologists who referred to democratic patterns of change in Southern Europe. After a decade of reforms, due to different trajectories of development in the countries of the region, such interpretations lose their explanatory power. Other ways of analyzing transformations in CEE have become needed. The need for new theoretical inspirations has also been strengthened by the European Union (EU) accession of the same postcommunist countries. The accession has generated a search for a new language of description and analyses of institutional changes in all the countries of the enlarged Union. In this context, the VoC approach seems to fill the theoretical vacuum left by the end of the “transition” debate in the political research on CEE and provides a major post-transition research agenda and has also built a bridge between discourses which were previously separated in the political economy, neo-institutional approaches, economic sociology, and political sciences. The key advantages of the VoC approach are presented, which made these perspectives influential among researchers of institutional changes in postcommunist countries. The theoretical and analytical framework, classifications, typologies, clusters, indexes, indicators, and so on are tested and widely applied as well. Selected weaknesses and limitations of the VoC approach in the application to CEE are also analyzed. Their manifestation is the confusion associated with the use of various classifications of models of capitalism and the functionalistic character of the VoC focusing on explaining the results, but not the causes of the institution’s activities, as well on institutional determinism diminishing the significant role of the social factors of change.

Vida e arte experimental na trajetória de Wilton Azevedo

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a trajetória do artista, professor e pesquisador Wilton Azevedo desde sua produção nas artes gráficas, onde explorou a materialidade dos pigmentos naturais e papéis artesanais, até sua migração à tecnologia digital, constituindo um processo criativo que valorizou sobretudo a busca por linguagens hibridas. Pioneiro na pesquisa de novas possibilidades criativas, lançou-se no ciberespaço com autoimagem transformada, deixando brotar a poesia numa nova ambiência que renovou profundamente as relações consolidadas entre imagem, texto e som. Em diálogo com pensadores contemporâneos como Manovich, Chartier e Flusser, são levantados alguns conceitos fundamentais à compreensão da obra de Wilton Azevedo, como escritura digital expandida, poesia digital e outros experimentos, além da criação do Lhudi, Laboratório de Humanidades Digitais, que enchia de orgulho o professor-pesquisador. O autorretrato do artista é mostrado como um convite em forma homenagem, sugerindo o aprofundamento na obra deste grande artista.

“ETERNAL THEME” IN ALYONA TOMLENOVA’ SYMPHONIC WORKS: EXPERIENCE OF COMPOSITION OF PHILOSOPHICAL AND MUSICAL COSMOLOGY

The article presents the strategy of the philosophical and culturological interpretation of the symphonic works of the famous Ukrainian composer Alyona Tomlenova based on the fundamental concepts of «cosmism» and «cosmologism», whose origins lie in ancient world outlook. Our task is to identify the theoretical and world-view foundations of musical cosmism, which are embodied in the cycle of symphonies of A. Tomlenova. We emphasize that cosmism is a universal phenomenon. In each culture, it takes a specific configuration and form, creates its own intellectual field. In general, we define cosmism as a desire to comprehend Cosmos and express it in philosophical theories, artistic and anthropological intuitions, and in personal existential experience. We presume that musical cosmism is, on the one hand, the development of such a complex, controversial, multifaceted phenomenon as cosmism, on the other hand, the result of the search for a new universal language and symbolism in the very music of the XX-XXI century. A deep study of musical cosmism remains to be done. Our research strategy is to look for the essence of musical cosmism and cosmology as the conceptual core of this phenomenon, not to turn to theoretical abstractions, but rather to the work of individual musicians for whom the “cosmac theme” becomes organic.

War and Women in Jānis Streičs’ Films

Abstract This article is devoted to the theme of women and war in the films of Jānis Streičs, possibly the most influential Latvian film director. In the course of his career, which spanned nearly 50 years, Streičs made films that were popular in Latvia, as well as throughout the Soviet Union. He is one of the few Latvian film directors who managed to continue a comparatively stable career in the newly reindependent Republic of Latvia. Streičs skilfully used the canonised means of expression of classical cinema and superficially fulfilled the demands of socialist realism to provide appealing and life-asserting narratives for the audiences. Being a full-time film director at Riga Film Studio, and gradually becoming a master of the studio system, Jānis Streičs managed to subordinate the system to his own needs, outgrowing it and becoming an auteur with an idiosyncratic style and consistently developed topics.1 The most expressive elements of his visual style can be found in his war films, which are presented as women’s reflections on war. In this article, Streičs’ oeuvre in its entirety provides the background for an analysis of two of his innovative war films. Meetings on the Milky Way (Tikšanās uz Piena ceļa, Latvia, 1985) rejects the classical narrative structure, instead offering fragmentary war episodes that were united by two elements – the road and women. In Carmen Horrendum (Latvia, 1989) Streičs uses an even more complicated structure that combines reality, visions and dreams. After watching this film, the only conclusion we can come to with certainty is that war does not have a woman’s face and, in general, war has no traces of humanity. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how World War II, a theme stringently controlled by Soviet ideology, provided the impetus for a search for an innovative film language.

S100B Is a Useful Marker for the Diagnosis of Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory clinical syndrome that can be primary/familial or secondary to a variety of underlying conditions. The 2004 diagnostic criteria for HLH require 5 out of 8 of the following clinical and pathological variables to be present: fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia in at least 2 lineages, hypertriglyceridemia/hypofibrinogenemia, haemophagocytosis on pathology examination, low/absent NK cell activity, ferritin greater than 500µg/L or soluble IL-2 receptor (sCD25) greater than 2400 U/mL. At least 5 of these criteria must be met, as each one lacks specificity. With regard to the pathology detection of haemophagocytosis, the sensitivity and specificity reported in the literature were 83% and 60% respectively. Indeed, a degree of haemophagocytosis can be seen outside the context of HLH. Furthermore, some of the diagnostic features of HLH may not be useful when applied to single cases because they may be intrinsic to the underlying condition. Therefore, we wondered whether the histopathological diagnosis might be improved. We investigated whether testing for S100B expression in macrophages might render the detection of haemophagocytosis more specific and sensitive. S100B is a marker of macrophage activation, and can routinely be detected by immunohistochemistry. S100B has pro-inflammatory properties and has been shown to affect macrophage function. It is typically expressed in macrophages of Rosai-Dorfman disease apart of having also a tissue-specific expression pattern, marking melanocytes as well as Langerhans cells and other subsets of dendritic cells.A natural language search of the pathology database at our institution identified 32 patients with bone marrow samples reporting haemophagocytosis as evaluated on bone marrow smear preparations, between January 2002 and July 2015. Cases that did not have available paraffin-embedded bone marrow trephine biopsy and clinical data were excluded. The bone marrow samples of three patients without haemophagocytosis and without any clinical features of HLH were used as controls: a new diagnosis of acute leukemia, a follow-up of acute leukemia post-transplant and a known lymphoma patient with unexplained pancytopenia. Clinical parameters relevant to the diagnosis of HLH were evaluated. Cases were clinically categorized as diagnostic for HLH (≥5 criteria), clinically likely (<5 criteria, but clinical presentation consistent) or clinically non suspicious (<5 criteria and clinical presentation not consistent with HLH). Stains for S100B and CD68 were performed. The percentage of S100B positive cells of all bone marrow cells as well as the percentage of CD68 positive macrophages was calculated from 500-cell counts using a 40x objective lens.The median patient age was 57 years (range 18-80). Underlying clinical diagnoses are reported in Table 1. Expression of S100B ranged from 0-76.4%. Cases without morphological evidence of haemophagocytosis had less than 1% S100B-positive cells. Cases with presence of haemophagocytic cells showed various levels of S100B-positive cells. Of interest, >10% S100B-positive cells (of all cells) was 100% specific for cases meeting ≥4 HLH criteria, 91% specific for cases clinically likely HLH or confirmed HLH. The sensitivity was 60% for cases meeting ≥4 HLH criteria, 52% for cases being likely HLH or confirmed HLH. Percentage of CD68-positive cells or S100B/CD68 ratio did not add relevant information.The high specificity of S100B expression by immunohistochemistry indicates it may be an additional diagnostic feature of HLH. Of note, the test is available in routine immunohistochemistry laboratories. Since not all cases of HLH show increased numbers of S100B-expressing macrophages, the test does not obviate the need for the 2004 criteria. Serological immunoassays for S100B have been developed for use in the context of brain disease/injuries and malignant melanoma. Based on our data, we intend to further investigate the sensitivity and specificity of S100B as a serological marker of HLH. [Display omitted] DisclosuresKuruvilla:BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy; Amgen: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Canada: Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria; Karyopharm: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation: Research Funding; Lundbeck: Honoraria.

Semiotics of Ukrainian and Polish avant-garde in the light of the ideas of Lviv-Warsaw Philosophical school. O. Bogomazov - artists of "Krakow group": from Cubism and Futurism to expressive and lyrical abstrac-tion (Article 4)

The purpose of the research. In the first article on the semiotics of the Ukrainian and Polish avant-garde, his philosophical aesthetic and cultural context was considered, in particular, in light of the ideas of the Lviv-Warsaw Philosophical School. To continue this problem, the semiotic parallels (homology) in the works of the Ukrainian and Polish avant-gardists of the first third of the XXth century are being analyzed. On the basis of the unity of cultural, aesthetic-semiotic and art-study analysis of artistic achievements of artistic avant-gard in Ukraine and Poland, an understanding of the cultural and historical peculiarities of the creative dialogue of artists working in similar ideological and aesthetic paradigms is achieved. Research methodology. The research is based on the aesthetic-semiotic concepts of the representatives of the Lviv-Warsaw School of Philosophy (S. Baley, R. Ingardin, S. Lisse, L. Hvysteck) and the founders of the semantic philosophy of art (K. Bell, B. Croce, S. Langer, G. Rickert) and modern semiotics of culture (Y. Mukarzhovsky, Y. Loman, U. Eko). Interdisciplinary synthesis of philosophical and cultural, aesthetic and art-study approaches is used. Scientific novelty. From the standpoint of modern semiotics, for the first time, symbolic complexes and semantic contents in the works of the Ukrainian and Polish avant-garde are analyzed. Models of semiotic parallels (homologies) are created in the works of leading artists of Ukraine and Poland of the first third of the XX century. The method of extrapolation of the aesthetic-semiotic ideas of the Lviv-Warsaw School of Philosophy is used to understand the similarity and dialogism in the artistic imagery of individual artists. Conclusions. Phenomenological, intuitive, neo-positivist orientations of scientific and artistic and aesthetic thinking have caused cubistic, futuristic, abstract, and constructivist quests of avant-garde artists. The aesthetic principles of the semiosis of avant-guardism in Ukraine were laid by V. Kandinsky, K. Malevich, O. Bogomazov, in Poland - T. Piper, V. Steshinsky, G. Stazhevsky. The development of the Ukrainian and Polish avant-garde of these times is, in particular, a kind of "dialogue" between artistic groups and individual artists in Warsaw and Kiev, Krakow and Lviv. The intellectual atmosphere of these creative "competitions" is symptomatic of the scientific and philosophical positions of the Lviv-Warsaw School of Philosophy with its neo-positivist and phenomenological orientations, and especially - the semantic philosophy of art, which corresponded to the establishment of a new semiosphere of avant-garde imagery. The peculiarities of the dialogue of the artists are analyzed on the examples of aesthetic-semiotic and artistic parallels between V. Kandinsky and Y.T. Pyper (theoretical justification of the avant-garde in art), K. Malevich and V. Stshinsky and G. Stazhevsky (the search for suprematist and constructivist artistic language), O. Bogomazov and artists of the "Krakow group" (the path from Cubism and Futurism to expressive and lyrical abstraction). It is summarized that the semiotics of the Ukrainian and Polish avant-garde of the first third of the 20th century coincides in the sphere of "significant forms" of non-classics in fine arts.

The Quality of Autism Spectrum Disorders Online Websites Promoting Awareness and Supporting Parents

The purpose of this article was to evaluate the quality of online autism spectrum disorders (ASD) websites and to outline the gap in the current Arabic websites in terms of promoting awareness and supporting parents of children with ASD. A search was performed using the Arabic keywords that is equivalent of autism and parenting a child with ASD, through Arabic language search engines and websites. The findings reveal that Arabic online information concerned the ASD lacks the quality supportive advocate information concerns the ASD. The results highlighted a gap in the Arabic websites that supports parents of children with ASD. There is a need to improve the quality of online ASD Arabic information that promoting awareness and supporting parents.