Sea-sand Concrete Research Articles

Three-fold benefits of using CO2 to cure seawater sea sand concrete

Excessive CO2 curing of concrete may significantly increase the risk of steel corrosion, which limits the application of this technology in reinforced concrete. Considering the substantial potential advantages of seawater sea sand concrete (SWSSC) structures reinforced by fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in coastal infrastructure, FRP-SWSSC is proposed to capture CO2 by means of carbonation curing in this study. The effects of long-term CO2 curing on the compressive strength, pore structure, interfacial transition zone, CO2 uptake and pH of SWSSC were examined. It is found that CO2 curing can achieve an increase of approximately 25% in both 28-d and 56-d compressive strengths of SWSSC. Additionally, the porosity experiences a reduction of approximately 3%. The increased carbonation depth and higher CO2 uptake in CO2-cured SWSSC lead to significantly greater CO2 storage. Even after 28 days of additional water curing, the pH of CO2-cured SWSSC remains below 9, thus preventing any damage caused by the high pH environment to the mechanical properties and microstructure of embedded FRP bars. Therefore, CO2 curing of FRP-SWSSC offers three-fold great benefits: (1) improved SWSSC performance, (2) increased CO2 storage amount, and (3) reduced adverse effects of high alkaline concrete pore solution on embedded FRP bars.

Seawater sea-sand concrete columns using durable and ductile steel-FRP composite bars and FRP ties: A promising hybrid scheme for marine engineering

To overcome corrosion of steel bar and scarcity of freshwater and river sand, durable and ductile steel-FRP composite bar (SFCB) provides a promising longitudinal reinforcement alternative in seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) columns for marine infrastructures. The unique mechanical properties and lower compressive strength of SFCB inevitably influence axial compressive performance of column. However, very few studies on axial compressive performance of hybrid longitudinal SFCBs and FRP ties reinforced concrete (hybrid-RC) columns lead to a lack of valuable experimental observations and failure mechanisms. Here, an experimental investigation of axial compressive performance for hybrid-RC columns is conducted. Results indicate that SFCB has a bilinear stress–strain characteristic with high elastic modulus under compression and can maintain its integrity until concrete crushing. Using SFCB as longitudinal reinforcement leads to satisfactory axial compressive behavior including high strength and great ductility for columns. Nevertheless, FRP ties show low confinement efficiency since the worse mechanical properties of bent portion and the slipping of lap splice. With the experimental and theoretical analysis for hybrid-RC columns, the prediction model of axial load capacity is developed and validated preliminarily, showing great accuracy. These findings provide a meaningful experimental basis and safe design tactics for this hybrid reinforcement scheme of SWSSC.

Durability assessment of industrial by-product and marine resource-based ultra-high-performance concrete

The increasing demand for concrete and the associated environmental impacts such as depletion of natural resources (e.g., fresh water, river sand, and coarse aggregates) have prompted the development of seawater and sea-sand concrete (SWSSC). On the other hand, incorporating industrial by-products in concrete as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) can offset the cement carbon footprint. Utilizing seawater, sea sand, and industrial wastes in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) fabrication can lead to a sustainable as well as durable construction material, especially suited for marine infrastructure development. This experimental work investigates the durability properties of ultra-high-performance seawater and sea-sand concrete (UHP-SWSSC) with partial substitution of cement by ground granulated blast furnace slag and silica fume as SCMs. Five mixes were developed with varying proportions of SCMs as cement replacement (0% as control mix, 25% and 50% by mass) and water-to-binder ratio (0.15, 0.2 and 0.25). In addition to mechanical behaviour through standard axial compression tests on cube specimens, several durability indicators such as water absorption, sorptivity, the permeability of chloride ions, and volume of permeable voids were measured over time. Results reveal that the incorporation of SCMs in UHP-SWSSC although improves the mechanical properties marginally, significantly enhances the durability performance. In comparison to the control mix, 53%, 75%, and 95% reductions in the volume of permeable voids, rate of water absorption and non-steady state chloride migration coefficient were observed in a 50% SCM replaced mix, respectively. Addition of ground slag and silica fume induced a relatively compact matrix through refinement of the microstructure, which made the resulting concrete nearly impermeable to ion movements. An optimum water-to-binder ratio of 0.2 was established, below which neither the strength nor the durability characteristics improved further.

Experimental study on the effects of dynamic loading and seawater attack on bond behavior between basalt fiber reinforced polymer bars and seawater sea-sand concrete

Experimental study on the effects of dynamic loading and seawater attack on bond behavior between basalt fiber reinforced polymer bars and seawater sea-sand concrete

Application of corrosion resistance of FRP composites rebar in sea water sea sand concrete

In recent years, Fiber Reinforced Polymer(FRP) has been widely used as a reinforcement material to improve the flexural capacity of beams and slabs, and FRP has good corrosion resistance. And because of the wide variety of fiber materials, so more than the role of ordinary steel.This paper will discuss whether it can replace steel to improve building durability in alkaline environment such as seawater sea sand concrete.Due to the lack of natural river sand and water resources, people have been trying to use sea sand seawater instead in recent years. But there are many safety accidents because of the corrosion of steel bars. Due to the good corrosion resistance of FRP, this paper discusses the feasibility of its service as a steel bar in marine sand concrete, including its failure characteristics after corrosion and the problems and improvement strategies when working with Seawater-Sea Sand Concrete(SWSSC). The research object of this paper is Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer(GFRP) steel bar and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP) steel bar. Glass fiber and carbon fiber are widely used materials in current production activities, mostly in the field of mechanical manufacturing. Although engineering materials have been used in recent years, the time is short. In this paper, it is discussed that in the simulated pore solution of concrete stirred by seawater and sea sand and exposed in the environment of seawater immersion, by increasing the temperature to accelerate the reaction rate, it is found that the corrosion resistance of the two kinds of steel bars is very different, but the corrosion mechanism is similar, both of them are caused by the dissolution of the resin matrix. The fiber is bare, and the internal fiber actually has the bearing capacity, but the ability of the material to bear the force is still reduced due to the loss of the bonding of the resin matrix. Therefore, this paper proposes that it is possible to find a more corrosion-resistant resin matrix or add a layer of medium at the interface between the fiber and the matrix to maximize the role of the fiber.

Corrosion inhibition of steel reinforcements in seawater sea sand concrete by alkali-activated slag based coatings

Chloride-induced corrosion is a severe problem for reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environments. In such situations, the surface coating acts as a cost-effective means to inhibit the corrosion of steel reinforcement. In this work, the effectiveness of alkali-activated slag (AAS) coatings in inhibiting corrosion of steel reinforcement in seawater sea-sand concrete was assessed through a series of electrochemical tests. Two different types of AAS coatings (i.e., with and without latex polymer modification) were designed in addition to a conventional cement coating (i.e., for comparison purpose). It was found that AAS coatings are effective in preventing steel corrosion in both normal strength seawater sea sand concrete (NSSC) and ultra-high performance seawater sea sand concrete (UHP-SSC), which simulate a chloride contaminated concrete environment in short-term exposure. However, the protectiveness of conventional cement coating was valid only in UHP-SSC. The above protection effects were confirmed under both the fresh and hardened states of SSC, which were attributed to the coating-induced prepassivation of steel reinforcement and the coatings' chloride barrier effect. The corrosion inhibition mechanisms of the coated steel reinforcements in NSSC and UHPSSC are further elaborated.

Eccentric compression behavior of seawater and sea sand concrete columns reinforced with GFRP and stainless steel bars

Using FRP bars instead of steel bars to reinforce concrete columns in harsh environments has become an important method for solving corrosion problems. FRP bars have high tensile strength but low compressive strength and high brittleness, while stainless steel (SS) bars have high tensile and compressive strength and good ductility. Therefore, this paper studied the eccentric compression behavior of seawater and sea sand concrete (SSC) columns reinforced with GFRP and SS bars, in which GFRP bars were arranged on the tension side and SS bars were arranged on the compression side to improve the ductility and to analyze the effect of axial stiffness of reinforcement on the N-M interaction diagrams. A total of 48 SSC columns were designed, of which 20 were reinforced with GFRP and SS bars, 14 were reinforced with GFRP bars and 14 were reinforced with SS bars. To analyze the eccentric compression performance of SSC columns and propose the bearing capacity calculation equation, test variables were designed, including the reinforcement type, reinforcement ratio, and eccentricity, to ensure that the equation had certain universal applicability. The three failure modes of compression failure, combined compression-bending failure, and bending failure were found with the increase in the eccentricity for the GFRP and SS bars reinforced SSC (GFRP-SS-SSC) columns. The ductility indices of the GFRP-SS-SSC columns were approximately 1.5 times those of the GFRP bars reinforced SSC columns, which indicated that the ductility could be improved by replacing the compression GFRP bars with SS bars. Finally, the theoretical N-M interaction diagrams were established through the cross-section force analysis and compared with the experimental N-M interaction diagrams. Moreover, the failure mode is influenced by varying the axial stiffness of the longitudinal bars on both sides of the column section by analyzing the N-M interaction diagrams.

Influence of seawater concentration on alkali-silica reaction of seawater sea-sand concrete: Mimicking through NaCl solution and recycled glass aggregate

Seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) is one environment-friendly and promising construction material. Nevertheless, limited research shed favorable light on alkali-silica reaction (ASR) of SSC. This work provided a novel insight regarding the fast test method that (i) the recycled glass aggregate (RGA) was used for fast assessing the effect of seawater concentration on ASR, reusing its characteristic resource; (ii) the NaCl solutions with different concentrations were used to mimic different salinities of sea waters; and (iii) a modified curing method was adopted. The results showed that the NaCl solution could be used for assessing ASR risk of SSC instead of seawater. The specimens mixed with twice and above the sodium concentration of seawater would exhibit ASR expansion, strength reduction, coarsening of nanopore distribution, and the cracks on the macro and micro levels. However, the change of NaCl concentration scarcely affected the composition and content of hydration products. Additionally, with increasing the mixing Na+ concentration, the ASR crack would firstly appear in the interface between the cement paste layer and the glass layer, and then developed in the internal zone of RGA matrix with different hardness, elastic modulus, and Si contents based on the destroyed degree.

Seismic behavior and design method of seawater sea-sand concrete reinforced with GFRP and five interlocking spirals

Seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) columns reinforced with GFRP brings great benefit to island construction but its seismic behavior remains unclear. This paper provides an experimental study on the seismic behavior and design method of SWSSC columns reinforced with GFRP and five interlocking spirals. Seven columns with different stirrup configurations, spirals spacings, outer diameter of conner spirals, axial compression ratios and shear-span ratios were designed and tested under simulated seismic loading. Their failure modes, hysteretic responses, skeleton curves, stiffness degradations, ductility factor and energy dissipations were all attained and discussed in detail. The results show that the SWSSC column confined with interlocking multi spirals has better seismic resistance than that with composite rectangular stirrup. Moreover, the increase of shear-span ratio and outer diameter of conner spirals both improve the ductility and therefore enhance the seismic resistance. In contrast, the increase of axial compression ratio and spiral spacing have inverse impact on seismic resistance enhancement. Based on the testing results, a novel approaching method was also proposed to evaluate the shear bearing capacity of oblique section and the average prediction error was within 1.30% through verification with the test results.

Flexural behavior and serviceability performance of SSC beams reinforced with hybrid GFRP-stainless steel bars

Using fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars instead of steel bars to reinforce concrete structures has become an important method to solve the corrosion problems. FRP bars reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) beams suffer sudden failure owing to the brittleness of FRP bars. Therefore, it is suggested to add steel reinforcements in FRP-RC beams to improve the ductility. This study analyzes the flexural performance of seawater and sea sand concrete (SSC) beams reinforced with hybrid GFRP and stainless steel (SS) bars, in which GFRP bars are used as tension bars while SS bars are used as compression bars. The flexural performances of GFRP bars reinforced SSC beams and SS bars reinforced SSC beams were also studied for comparison. Based on the test results, the cracking moment, load-carrying capacity, deflection, and ductility of the SSC beams are discussed and compared with the guidance in current design codes. Results show that ACI 440.1R-15 and CSA S806-12 reasonably predict the cracking moment and bearing capacity, but both underestimate the deflection at the service load. Furthermore, the moment capacity calculation equation is proposed with good accuracy. The ratio between the reinforcement ratios of GFRP bars and SS bars is suggested to meet the ductility requirement.

Improving corrosion resistance of BFRP bars by coating CNTs modified resin in simulated pore solution of seawater sea sand concrete

The corrosion of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars restricts their use in alkaline concrete structures. However, developing high-performance resin can improve the anti-alkaline corrosion of BFRP bars. This work investigates the alkaline resistance of BFRP bars by coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified epoxy resin incorporating varying CNTs contents (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%). The durability of untreated and treated BFRP bars with CNT-modified resin was evaluated using water uptake, transverse shear, and interlaminar shear tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) were also used to observe the surface corrosion morphology and interior deterioration of BFRP bars, respectively, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to analyze the resin deterioration of BFRP bars. It was found that CNTs modified resin can significantly improve the alkaline resistance of BFRP bars. After 180 d of immersion, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) retention of untreated BFRP bars is 31.8%, while it is 63.3, 75.0, 91.3, and 93.7% for BFRP bars treated with 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt% CNTs modified resin, respectively. The improvements in ILSS retention of BFRP bars treated with 0.5 wt% CNTs modified resin are 61.9% and 30.4% more than untreated and pure resin-treated BFRP bars, respectively. BFRP bars treated with 0.3 and 0.5 wt% CNTs modified resin exhibit insignificant resin hydrolysis and less porosity than untreated BFRP bars. The effective prevention of hydroxyl ions into the interior of BFRP bars and the enhancement of the anti-crack behavior of resin by CNTs are the leading causes of corrosion resistance improvement in BFRP bars. The outcomes of this study provide insights into using CNTs modified resin to improve the durability of BFRP bars in marine concrete structures.

Effect of compression casting method on the axial compressive behavior of FRP-confined seawater sea-sand concrete columns

The application of the novel compression casting method is beneficial to improve the compressive strength and durability of concrete. However, the compressed concrete fails rapidly after the peak load and exhibits stronger brittleness than the normal concrete, which could impair the seismic performance of the columns. As one of the passive confining measures, wrapping fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) could be a practical technique to improve the ductility of such brittle columns. In this regard, this study experimentally investigated the axial compression behavior of both the partially and fully FRP-confined compression-cast seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) columns. The test results indicated that the compression casting method enhanced the compressive strength but weakened the axial deformation capacity of the unconfined and FRP-confined SSC specimens. The compressive strength of unconfined concrete was improved by 38.5% due to compression casting. The measured average FRP rupture strain of the FRP-confined compression-cast SSC specimens was 6.3% smaller than that of FRP-confined normal SSC specimens due to the sudden appearance of the main oblique cracks, indicating poorer FRP utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, the average ultimate axial strain enhancement ratio of FRP-confined SSC specimens decreased from 12.04 to 7.83 after compression casting. The FRP hoop strain of the fully FRP-wrapped columns distributed more uniformly compared to the partially FRP-wrapped columns as the mean value of FRP efficiency factor increased from 0.807 to 0.928. With increasing FRP strip spacing, the post-peak segment of the stress–strain curve transferred from strain-hardening to strain-softening regardless of the confining stiffness. Finally, several existing stress–strain models were employed to examine their accuracy in anticipating the ultimate conditions of the FRP-confined compression-cast SSC columns.

Experimental study on concrete-filled steel tube columns with inner distributed seawater and sea sand concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer tubes under axial compression

To effectively solve the problem of the corrosion of undisturbed seawater and sea sand concrete (SSC) in practical applications, a new structure of concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns with inner distributed SSC-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes was proposed. A total of 40 specimens were tested to investigate the axial compression behavior according to three parameters. The results indicated that the ultimate strength of CFT columns with inner distributed SSC-filled FRP tubes increased with the increase of FRP tube thickness, FRP tube diameter and steel tube thickness. The arrangement of inner FRP tubes effectively improved the axial compressive behavior and ductility of CFT columns. The ultimate strength of the CFT columns improved by 6.23 %–91.14 % due to the inner FRP tube. The failure of the specimens was always accompanied by fracture of one of the inner FRP tubes, while the remaining inner FRP tubes continued providing confinement. Lastly, two models based on different theories were proposed and evaluated to predict the ultimate load of this structure. The evaluation results indicated that both models provided accurate and reasonable predictions for the design of this structure.

Seawater sea-sand engineered cementitious composites contribution to shear performance of beams reinforced with BFRP bars

The combination of seawater sea-sand engineered cementitious composites (SS-ECC) and fiber reinforced plastic/polymer (FRP) bars to make structural beams is promising to mitigate the shortage of raw construction materials and improve shear performance. To better understand the shear behaviors of such kind of structural form, an experimental program was conducted to figure out the effects of longitudinal reinforcement ratio, shear span ratio and stirrup ratio. A total of eleven beams reinforced by basalt FRP (BFRP) bars were tested by four-point loading. The test results showed that the stiffness and ultimate shear capacity of SS-ECC beams without stirrups are higher than that of seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) beams with a stirrup ratio of 0.67%. SS-ECC exhibits much lower compressive strength compared with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), but SS-ECC beam and UHPC beam have close ultimate shear capacity. The shear load contribution of fibers is above 70% in SS-ECC beams without stirrups, and it decreases significantly because of using BFRP stirrups. Furthermore, the modified deformation-based approach is proposed to characterize the ductility index of SS-ECC beams. Based on the calculation model of ultimate shear capacity in codes, the modified calculation model considering the shear load contribution of fibers is proposed and verified.

Corrosion products of low-alloy steel bars and their induction of cracking in seawater sea-sand concrete cover

The integration of low-alloy steel reinforcement (LS) with seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) offers an opportunity for marine infrastructure construction that utilizes local resources, such as seawater and sea-sand, while ensuring exceptional durability of structures in challenging environments. However, the cracking of the concrete cover resulting from rebar corrosion remains the primary factor contributing to the deterioration of reinforced-concrete structures exposed to marine environments. In this study, an external current was applied to accelerate the corrosion process of both LS and ordinary steel bars (OS), which were embedded in SSC that was shallowly buried in a wet-salt sand environment. To accurately determine the timing and location of SSC cover cracking, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology was utilized. Microscopic analysis was conducted to examine the morphology, phase composition, and content of each component of the corrosion products. Then, the expansion coefficients of the corrosion products of the rebars embedded in SSC with different water–binder ratios were determined. The results indicated that the primary corrosion products formed on OS are α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4, which form a porous structure. In comparison, corrosion products of LS are fundamentally similar to those of OS but include Cr2O3, producing a compact rust layer for better steel protection. Furthermore, the corrosion products of LS exhibit a lower expansion coefficient compared to those of OS in SSC with an identical water–binder ratio. Finally, the cracking time of the SSC cover, as determined through DIC, was validated through the use of a conventional prediction model.

Study Of Concrete Mixture Using Sea Sand With Fresh Water and Sea Water Cure

The purpose of this study was to (1) analyze the characteristics of fresh concrete mixed with sea sand (2) to analyze the compressive strength of sea sand concrete with fresh water and sea water curing. In this study, the specimens used were 21 cylinders with a job mix design plan of f'c 25 MPa with a curing duration of 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. At the age of 7 and 14 days the compressive strength of fresh water curing was 30.29 MPa and 33.12 MPa higher than seawater curing 29.02 MPa and 32.13 MPa, while at 28 days the compressive strength of seawater curing was 37. 08 MPa compared to fresh water curing of 33.97 MPa. Sea sand concrete has a very good quality compared to normal concrete and sea sand can be used in construction projects by taking into account the specifications in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).

Flexural and compressive performance of BFRP-reinforced geopolymer sea-sand concrete beams and columns: Experimental and analytical investigation

The combination of geopolymer sea-sand concrete (GSSC) and basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) reinforcement has the potential to optimally exploit the advantages of both materials, resulting in superior structural durability and environmental friendliness. The resulting structure is called a BFRP-reinforced GSSC structure, which has broad application prospects in marine engineering construction. This paper presents a recent experimental and analytical investigation into the flexural and compressive performance of BFRP-reinforced GSSC structures to verify the expected benefits of such a material combination. In particular, a type of GSSC that uses MgO as an expansion agent to reduce concrete shrinkage was used in this study. The results of four-point bending tests on nine rectangular beams, where longitudinal reinforcement ratios and reinforcement types were key parameters, and monotonic axial compression tests on seven columns, where concrete types and transverse reinforcement ratios were key parameters, are reported in this paper. The test results initially confirmed the advantages of using GSSC in combination with BFRP reinforcement and showed that: (1) the ultimate carrying capacity of BFRP-reinforced GSSC beams and columns was higher than that of conventional steel-reinforced counterparts for the same reinforcement configurations; (2) the flexural and compressive capacity of BFRP-reinforced concrete beams and columns could be enhanced by an appropriate increase in reinforcement ratio and the addition of expansion agents. Finally, this paper presents design equations for the flexural and compressive capacity of BFRP-reinforced GSSC structures.

Experimental study on bond behavior between epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) and seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) under FRP-steel confinement

This paper investigates the bond behavior between epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) and seawater sea-sand concrete (SSC) under dual confinement from fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and steel stirrups. The effects of various variables on failure modes, bond-slip curves and bond strengths were comprehensively discussed, including internal reinforcement type, concrete type, concrete cover, confinement type and confinement level. Test results show that the use of seawater and sea-sand in concrete is beneficial for the enhancement of bond strength compared with normal concrete, but the bond strength of SSC specimens with embedded ECR is found to be smaller than the counterparts with carbon steel reinforcement (CSR) due to the external epoxy coating on the bar surface. Besides, the bond strength is positively related to the concrete cover and confinement level regardless of other parameters. Finally, a new ultimate bond strength model considering the contribution of FRP-steel confinement is proposed based on theoretical analysis and good agreement between test results and theoretical predictions is achieved by the proposed model.

Mechanical properties of modified coral aggregate seawater sea-sand concrete: Experimental study and constitutive model

The use of corals, seawater, and sea-sand to prepare concrete can effectively solve the problem of raw material transportation in constructing remote sea islands and reefs. Corals have the disadvantages of high porosity, high water absorption, and low crushing strength, which adversely affect the performance of concrete. In this study, corals were modified by a superfine cement paste, and the modified coral aggregate seawater sea-sand concrete was prepared by replacing gravel aggregates proportionally with modified coral aggregates. The cubic compressive, splitting tensile, flexural, and axial compressive properties of modified coral aggregate seawater sea-sand concrete with five aggregate replacement ratios were studied. The results showed that the coral aggregate was divided into two parts after the concrete failed. The higher the replacement ratio of the aggregates, the smoother the splitting failure surface of the concrete. The modification measures could not significantly improve the compressive and tensile strengths of coral aggregate concrete, and the increasing rate was less than 10%. The compressive strength of concrete using modified coral aggregates was approximately 30% lower than that of concrete using gravel. Based on the experimental results, a prediction model, which can simulate the compressive stress-strain relationship of coral aggregate concrete under different replacement ratios, was proposed.

Utilization of seawater and sea sand in concrete for the sustainability of natural resources

River sand is available naturally and are immensely utilized in construction industry. It is relatively clean, coarse, chemically inert and needs very less or no treatment before being put into use. The use of fresh water poses a significant difficulty in many regions of the world due to drought and the obtaining of river sand as fine aggregate has detrimental effects on river ecological system. To find an alternative for river sand and fresh water is an absolute necessity. The majority of investigations have discovered SWSSC to have equivalent properties as conventional concrete. This thesis performs an experimental study on the 28 and 90 days strength and durability parameters of conventional and SWSSC. Also different percentages of Ground granulated blast furnace slag are added for the SWSSC for finding the variation of strength and durability parameters. An optimum percentage of GGBS added to seawater sea sand concrete was obtained. Load- deflection study on SWSSC beam reinforced with steel as well as SWSSC BRFP beam was conducted.