Sculpture Design Research Articles

Kinetic Sculpture Design Using the Dynamic Cage

Kinetic sculptures are attractive for periodic dynamic deformation effects. Designing such a sculpture is not easy considering the holistic shape versus many part details. To provide an easier design process, we propose a top-down framework for kinetic sculpture design. The system converts several input sketch curves to a dynamic cage, which shows the deformation of the sculpture’s holistic shape in motion. The user can manipulate the sculpture’s shape by dragging on the cage at any moment in motion. After that, a group of skeletons is generated from the cage. The user can adjust their shapes for detailed unit model generation. Experimental results show that with our system, designers can concentrate on the shape and motion effects, significantly promoting the orientation and speed of design.

Biomorphic Clothing Sculpture Interface as an Emotional Communication Space.

This study found that clothing, combined with digital technology, can be a wearable computer that adapts to environmental change and increases biological limits, as well as an emotional space to which art and design are applied, and that promotes mutual communication. A user-friendly interface is proposed for those pursuing a new artistic experience by building a conceptual algorithm for biomorphic clothing sculpture modeling that can be used to create generative designs simply by entering moderated mediator variables. Biomorphic clothing sculpture refers to clothing that is inspired by life in nature and modeled in three dimensions. As the human body and buildings are 3D forms, the parametric design method used frequently in architecture is implemented here and used as a tool to explore attributes and representations of 3D modeling in clothing sculpture design. On the basis of a literature review, this study presents knowledge-based data for biomorphic clothing sculpture that can predict generative design outcomes, and through a case study, identifies the mediator variables and attributes of the parametric process related to biomorphic clothing sculpture modeling. The knowledge-based data on biomorphic clothing sculpture and biomorphic clothing sculpture modeling mediator variables discovered during the research are applied to the 3D modeling process as visual data and presented as the conceptual interface of biomorphic clothing sculpture.

Rapid Prototype Design of the Kinetic Sculpture Based on Sketches and Skeletons

The kinetic sculpture is an important aspect of modern urban landscapes and installation art. However, designing such a sculpture needs much time, imagination, engineering knowledge and even rework, which restrains iterations of design and imagination of artists. To allow designers to have a holistic perspective in design, and to simplify and accelerate the design process, we proposed a system to assist designers to build kinetic sculpture digital prototypes from sketches rapidly. The system simplifies the design pipeline as sketch processing, skeleton generation, unit assignment, and motion simulation. Different from other design tools, our system liberates designers from detailed modeling and animation. Therefore, they can focus on perfecting visual effects. User cases show that our system can spark the creativity and accelerate design process both for professional and inexperienced designers, and can generalize the pipeline to other kinetic applications.

Research on Landscape Sculpture Design of Modern Zen and Tea Theme Block

China’s Zen and tea culture has a long history and is extensive and profound. It is in urgent need of inheritance, development and promotion by contemporary people. However, how to apply Zen and tea culture to the landscape sculpture design of the block with modern methods is an important embodiment of Zen and tea culture keeping pace with the times. This paper takes the application of Zen and tea elements in the theme block landscape sculpture as the research object, focusing on the theme, interest, practicability and appreciation of Zen and tea theme block sculpture to carry out the design, in order to provide help for the design of Zen and tea theme related block landscape sculpture.

MAYA-aided sculpture design and ANSYS Finite Element Structural Analysis——A Case Study of a Public Sculpture in JiangBei New District of Nanjing

With the acceleration of urbanization in China, public sculptures have become landmarks of many communities or architectural complexes, and promoted cultural environments. Computer-aided public sculpture design combined with structural analysis has become a new creation mode. This study investigates computer three-dimensional aid design combined with computer-aided engineering based on the creation practice of a sculpture in Jiangbei (north of the Yangtze River) New District of Nanjing to improve design efficiency and design quality. The results have certain reference significance for the current digital public sculpture design.

Case study: Acoustic considerations, modelling, and auralization for large scale acoustic sculptures

This paper summarizes the research, measurements, observations, and modelling undertaken during the acoustic design of a sonic sculpture called Tower of Voices, part of the Flight 93 National Memorial in Stoystown, PA. The Tower of Voices is a 93 foot tall concrete tower featuring 40 large-scale wind chimes ranging in length from 5 to 10 feet. Due to the unprecedented nature of this project, the acoustic behavior of the chimes and interaction with the tower were the primary focus to achieve the goals of the client and designer for the soundscape visitor experience. Chime prototype mockups were undertaken to measure, record and observe sound propagation from the chimes, including the effects of different striker weights, damping materials, impact velocities, and strike locations. Acoustic modeling was utilized to assess the effect of tower shaping on the acoustic experience at various locations around the tower. An auralization was then prepared and presented in the Arup SoundLab to assist with design decisions regarding chime loudness and tower shaping. This project process of mockups, measurements, modelling, and auralization is described herein, along with a general recommended framework which can be applied to the acoustic design of large scale acoustic sculptures of many types.

Fabricable eulerian wires for 3D shape abstraction

We present a fully automatic method that finds a small number of machine fabricable wires with minimal overlap to reproduce a wire sculpture design as a 3D shape abstraction. Importantly, we consider non-planar wires, which can be fabricated by a wire bending machine, to enable efficient construction of complex 3D sculptures that cannot be achieved by previous works. We call our wires Eulerian wires , since they are as Eulerian as possible with small overlap to form the target design together. Finding such Eulerian wires is highly challenging, due to an enormous search space. After exploring a variety of optimization strategies, we formulate a population-based hybrid metaheuristic model, and design the join, bridge and split operators to refine the solution wire sets in the population. We start the exploration of each solution wire set in a bottom-up manner, and adopt an adaptive simulated annealing model to regulate the exploration. By further formulating a meta model on top to optimize the cooling schedule, and precomputing fabricable subwires, our method can efficiently find promising solutions with low wire count and overlap in one to two minutes. We demonstrate the efficiency of our method on a rich variety of wire sculptures, and physically fabricate several of them. Our results show clear improvements over other optimization alternatives in terms of solution quality, versatility, and scalability.

EFFECTS OF INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN CLASSES ON STUDENTS' SUCCESS

ABSTRACT
 Concept: Drawing is the foundation of plastic arts. The drawing class is one of the art education fields where students focus on observation, questioning, research and developing imagination. It can be seen that artists too are presenting different premises after drawing, which is generally considered as a preliminary to a work of art, being acknowledged as art by itself.
 Aim: The point of origin of this research is the inability of the students of sculpture departments to fully comprehend the importance of drawing with regard to the creating of a sculpture. The principal purpose is the explaining of the applied studies that are specifically designed to develop individual perspectives, drawing skills, personal lines and creativity of the students and the alternative methods of drawing which yield positive result.
 Methods: Instead of repeating the knowledge that students obtained via traditional methods, studies are approached where they can reinterpret and develop their knowledge in respect of the time, technique, perception etc. Drawings that are presented in line with the main purpose via innovative approaches are evaluated with a qualitative research.
 Conclusions: After briefly mentioning education and art education in this study, methods applied with an innovative approach in sculpture design courses are explained through selected examples. At the end of the studies, it was seen that the students were more active, eager to learn, courageous, questioning and every time they are applied, methods are resulted positively.

A Classification of Mathematical Sculpture

Abstract In this paper, we define the term Mathematical Sculpture, a task somehow complex. Also, we present a classification of mathematical sculptures as exhaustive and complete as possible. Our idea consists in establishing general groups for different branches of Mathematics, subdividing these groups according to the main mathematical concepts used in the sculpture design.

Unfolding Humanity: Cross-Disciplinary Sculpture Design

Unfolding Humanity: Cross-Disciplinary Sculpture Design

On Electronic Sound Sculptures: Circuits and Aesthetics

This paper is first and foremost concerned with my methods for designing, constructing and composing with freeform electronic sound sculptures. It covers the topics of circuit modularity, network communication, interaction and sonification as a means to create nonlinear music, as well as architectural concepts that are either being utilized or that have been functioning as sources of inspiration toward the design of the sound sculptures. The reader will be guided largely through the perspective of my own work, but general ideas and concepts from similar artists will be discussed where applicable.

GENERATION OF 3D SHAPES WITH SUPERELLIPSOIDS, SUPERTOROIDS, SUPER CYLINDERS AND SUPER CONES

<p>The purpose of this paper is to present a CAD study for generating of 3D shapes with superellipsoids, supertoroids, super cylinders and super cones based on computational geometry. To obtain the relevant geometric information concerning the shape and profile for different 3D objects the Madsie Freestyle 1.5.3 application was used. Results from this study are applied in geometric constructions and computer aided design used in engineering and sculpture design.</p>

FreeScup: A Novel Platform for Assisting Sculpture Pose Design

Sculpture design is challenging due to its inherent difficulty in characterizing artworks quantitatively; thus, few works have been done to assist sculpture design in the past decades in the multimedia community. We have cooperated with several sculptors on analyzing styles of different artists consisting of Giacometti, Augeuste Rodin, Henry Moore, and Marino Marini from which we find pose editing plays an important role in sculpture design. Motivated by this, we present a novel platform that allows sculptors to edit virtual three-dimensional (3-D) sculptures by a free way. The proposed platform consists of three modules, namely, sculpture initialization , sculptor-sculpture mapping , and interactive pose editing . In sculpture initialization, a virtual 3-D sculpture is first incrementally reconstructed from multiview images. Then, we define Laplace operator and its corresponding spectrum to describe the geometry information of the reconstructed sculpture. During sculptor–sculpture mapping, we apply spectral analysis on the low-frequency parts of the spectrum to search for candidate editing points on the surface of the sculpture. Next, body actions of the sculptor are captured by Kinect and further mapped onto editing points as a predefined configuration set. Finally, during interactive pose editing, a real-time Kinect-driven sculpture pose editing scheme is presented, which not only preserves geometry features of the sculpture but also allows instant changes of sculpture poses. We demonstrate that our platform successfully assists sculptors on real-time pose editing by comparing its performance with those of the existing sculpture assisting methods.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF SCULPTURE COURSES IN DRAWING METHODS TO THE PERCEPTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) OBJECTS AND TO THE PROCESS OF APPLYING THE OBJECTS ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL (2D) SURFACES

It is established that drawing courses have an important place in the ateliers in the Department of Painting in Fine Arts Education, and that drawing is taught with different methods. The reason why great importance is attached to the ways drawing is handled is because it provides a basis for the departments that constitute plastic arts. The instruction of drawing in terms of its purpose, principles, in other words how it can be taught, reveals the problem of method in drawing instruction. Although it is quite difficult to solve this problem due to the features of this field, the solution to this problem can be achieved by identifying the visual elements of a design, an object or a subject, determining certain specific methods and applying these methods on students. The methods and the techniques applied during the drawing process and the identification of visual elements are determining factors in achieving the expected results. The aim of the sculpture and elective sculpture courses is to enable students to make connections between the surfaces that make up a whole by developing their ability to comprehend 3D forms. Sculpture Design courses, which are mainly based on modelling with clay, deal with making of busts, reliefs and figures. Sculpture courses aim to provide opportunities for students to make their own designs and enable them to reach to a level where they can perform their designed works by supporting them with plaster, polyester, cast, metal, stone, workshops where they can work with various materials. Consequently, by using a living model, any student who takes sculpture courses can identify: - the analysis of organic and geometrical forms of human body;- surface and form composition;- geometric and organic composition;- the differences on a person’s face in terms of age, gender, and character.In drawings that are aimed at the use 3D geometrical objects, the use and identification of surfaces, the drawing or painting area or the objects that falls into the painting area are an important part of the process as well as the relationship between the objects themselves and their area. In this regard, the partition of drawing area according to the purpose, designing and planning the placing of the surfaces that make up the anatomical features of the 3D object show the importance of the sculpture and elective sculpture courses. This study aims to offer a new perspective to the needs of drawing courses and contribute to the drawing courses conducted in related departments. It is assumed that this study will gain importance since it will provide new insight for the students and the instructor.

Hyundai’s Challenge to Maruti Suzuki in the Dynamic Indian Automobile Sector

In the 1980s, Maruti had no real competition in India, and it did not even have to market its products. There were long waiting lists, and they made more than half of their cars in white, thus saving costs. However, once Hyundai entered the market, things started to change. Hyundai started focusing on quality, customer care and service. It talked about its technology like multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) which emitted lower emission and met Euro norms. It brought in Santro Zip Drive version which was the first small car with a power steering. It advertised Santro as being a five-seater as opposed to Maruti Suzuki’s products, and it brought in fluidic sculpture design with Verna and promoted it. As a result, Maruti Suzuki, which controlled 70 per cent of the Indian market at its peak, came down to 52 per cent in twenty years, whereas Hyundai reached around 22 per cent. It was a long battle in a sector whose dynamics were changing as a result of government policies, such as excise duty cuts, increase in customs duty, lower interest rates and the introduction of goods and service tax (GST) besides the ambitious ‘Make in India’ campaign.

Did God Create Fibonacci Numbers - The Clues Newton Missed

Number patterns have fascinated mathematicians since the science began. Blase Pascal and Pythagoras are both known for their contribution to the field. One well-known sequence is called the Fibonacci series after the scientist who discovered it, Leonardo of Pisa, circa 1200 (based on his observation of the numbers of offspring bred by succeeding generations of rabbits). The pattern was named the Fibonacci series by Leonardo da Vinci, circa 1500. References to the pattern, however, have been found in Sanskrit phonetics as early as 250 BCE, and the current practice is to ascribe the origination of the pattern to that epoch. As the numbers of the Fibonancci series increase, the proportional relationship of the pair asymptotically approximates Phi, the Golden Ratio, 1.618033988749895. This ratio, also referred to as the ‘Divine Proportion,’ was first described by Phidias (500 to 432 BCE ), a Greek sculptor and mathematician who applied it to the design of sculptures for the Parthenon. It is said that that the design of the Egyptian pyramids was based on Phi. A careful review of Tanach reveals that the design of both the Tabernacle built by Moses and the Temple of Solomon utilized Fibonacci pairs and the Divine Proportion in their design long before the mathematical community is aware.

The richness of plants in Art Nouveau gardens

<p>The turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries signified the appearance of a new trend in art called Art Nouveau in England, <em>Stile floreale</em> in Italy, and in Poland – <em>secesja</em>. It was an attempt to escape from the style that copied historical forms and set a new direction of development. The main inspiration for the creators of this period became nature, its asymmetry, variety of textures, subtle colors or smooth, and wavy lines. Artistic motifs were drawn from the richness of native flora and fauna. Flowering shrubs, perennials and creepers were especially inseparable decorative and compositional elements of a garden. </p><p>Secession had a significant impact on painting, sculpture, architecture, and garden design. The space surrounding people was treated comprehensively by blurring the boundaries between different arts. A multitude of shrubs – especially roses and lots of perennials such as <em>Lilium</em>, <em>Iris</em>, and <em>Phlox</em>, gave the impression of architecture immersing in the surrounding garden.</p><p>The aim of the paper was to briefly analyze the Art Nouveau style and present the diversity of species used in the gardens of that period.</p>

Combining the Theory of Designing Landscape Sculpture and Computer Aided Technology on the Landscape Sculpture

With the rapid development of computer technology, its application is also becoming wider. At present, the wide application of computer technology in the design of landscape sculpture considerably transfers the traditional one, which improves the progress and development of modern landscape sculpture design. Meanwhile, the computer technolo- gy also provides designer more forms of creation and offers better development space which is conducive to the new artis- tic work. Compared to the traditional design procedures, the design of landscape sculpture by the computer technology has many advantages. The traditional one with the use of pen and paper would waste time and cannot give visual effect during the research and design of the sketch. However, the computer can realize any ideas of the designer, and further modify according to the new requirements with fewer time. With the application of computer, the design sketch is not lim- ited in a flat paper anymore and can be more vivid in a comprehensive and full-view three-dimensional one. This research mainly introduces the basic theory of the landscape sculpture and the research and design of landscape sculpture combin- ing computer technology, which provides designer more convenient forms of creation. The application of computer tech- nology considerably enhances the success rate of the engineering and perfects the design which cut down the time of the whole creation of landscape sculpture.

Activity Sculptures: Exploring the Impact of Physical Visualizations on Running Activity

Data sculptures are a promising type of visualizations in which data is given a physical form. In the past, they have mostly been used for artistic, communicative or educational purposes, and designers of data sculptures argue that in such situations, physical visualizations can be more enriching than pixel-based visualizations. We present the design of Activity Sculptures: data sculptures of running activity. In a three-week field study we investigated the impact of the sculptures on 14 participants' running activity, the personal and social behaviors generated by the sculptures, as well as participants' experiences when receiving these individual physical tokens generated from the specific data of their runs. The physical rewards generated curiosity and personal experimentation but also social dynamics such as discussion on runs or envy/competition. We argue that such passive (or calm) visualizations can complement nudging and other mechanisms of persuasion with a more playful and reflective look at ones' activity.

A Pride of Lions: Noel Paton and the National Wallace Monument

In January 1859 the Scottish figure painter Joseph Noel Paton attempted a breakthrough as a sculptor by entering the first design competition for the National Wallace Monument in Stirling. Backed by his fellow Royal Scottish Academician George Harvey, Paton's monumental sculptural design of the Lion and Typhon was selected. The ensuing public furore focused on the sculpture's aesthetic unsuitability to the Abbey Craig site, its ambiguous symbolism and, by inference, its probable referencing of heraldic grievances orchestrated by the National Association for the Vindication of Scottish Rights in the mid-1850s. By March 1859 the Monument committee had rescinded its original decision. Following the second competition in July 1859, the Glasgow architect J. T. Rochead (an unsuccessful competitor in the first round) secured the definitive architectural commission. This article explores the complex cultural and political environment which Paton and Rochead both had to negotiate.